DISPENSING DISPENSING TECHNIQUES TECHNIQUES

An introductoryAn introductory

PHARMACEUTICS PHARMACEUTICS IIII

SFT 222/4SFT 222/4

LEARNING LEARNING OBJECTIVESOBJECTIVES

• To recognise and familiarise with dispensing techniques in pharmacy practice.

• To know the basics in pharmaceutical compounding.

• To apply Good Pharmaceutical Practice.

MAIN MAIN REFERENCEREFERENCE

• S.J Carter; Cooper and Gun’s Dispensing for pharmaceutical students, 12th edition, Pitman Medical Publishing, London, 1975.

PAGE 3 – 7

DispensingDispensing

• Is concerned with the preparation and supply of medicines.

• Requires extensive knowledge of :1) The stability of medicines and their ingredients.2) Principles of compounding.3) Dosage.4) Chemical, physical and therapeutic incompatibilities.5) Packaging methods.6) Labelling procedures.7) Legal requirements affecting storage, supply, records,

containers and labelling of substances (Poison acts).

The basic knowledge of The basic knowledge of DispensingDispensing

PHARMACYFORENSIC

PHARMACEUTICALTECHNOLOGY

MICROBIOLOGY

PHARMACOLOGY

CHEMISTRY

DISPENSING

DISPENSING

• Provision of drugs or medicines as set out properly on a lawful prescription.

• A prescription can only be filled, the drugs supplied, by a registered pharmacist, veterinarian, dentist or member of the medical profession.

• The law requires that a prescription be written only for patients that are in the veterinarian's care.

• Can also be dispensed by the assistants with direct supervision of the above.

What is the definition of extemporaneous preparations in terms of pharmaceutics?

• Preparations of small scale for a short period of time(1-2 weeks), either in liquids or semi solid forms OR they are previously made special preparations that are compounded and dispensed by a pharmacist for certain use.

General dispensing General dispensing ProceduresProcedures

1. Work on your own.2. Wear a freshly laundered overall coat.3. Provide yourself with a clean glass-cloth, a

duster and either a swab or sponge.4. Work in a clean and tidy manner.5. Read the prescription carefully.6. If necessary, find the formula of the

preparation in an appropriate source of information. Copy it into your practical book.

General dispensing General dispensing ProceduresProcedures

7. Check the doses of internal preparations.

8. Find, from an appropriate source, if any ingredient is a poison. If so, check weight/volumes dispensed and initial the amount in your book.

9. Confirm no incompatibilities.10.Ensure the correct method of

preparation (refer notebook).

General dispensing General dispensing ProceduresProcedures

11.Look up the storage conditions for the preparation → determines container & closures.

12.Work out the calculations.13.Check the calculations.14.Collect the correct container &

closure.15.Trim the label(s) to fit container.16.Write the main label/special label.

General dispensing General dispensing ProceduresProcedures

17.Make the preparation, pack it in the container and polish the latter.

18.Check the labels and fix them to the container.

19.Check finished preparation.20.Wrap the container and write the

patient’s name and address on the wrapper.

21.Make the appropriate records.

Pharmaceutical Pharmaceutical preparationspreparations

STERILEPRODUCTS

EXTERNALPRODUCTS

(APPLICATION)

INTERNALPRODUCTS(ORAL USE)

PHARMACEUTICALS

Internal productsInternal products

1. Solutions (syrups, elixirs, linctuses, mixtures, oral liquids)

2. Suspensions (mixtures)3. Emulsions (oral emulsion)4. Oral solid dosage forms (tablets,

capsules, powders/granules, lozenges, pastilles)

External productsExternal products

1. Solutions (mouthwashes/gargles, nasal drops/sprays, enemas, liniments, lotions, paints, inhalations, antiseptics/disinfectants)

2. Emulsions (creams, lotions, liniments)3. Ointments4. Pastes5. Jellies/Gels6. Suppositories 7. Pessaries8. Suspensions (lotions)9. Dusting powders

Sterile productsSterile products

• Parenteral products (injections, intravenous infusions)

• Ophthalmic products (eye-drops, eye-lotions, eye-ointments, contact-lens sol.)

• Sterile solutions (for genito-urinary irrigation or for intraperitoneal dialysis)

• Sterile dusting powders (for surgical wounds)

• Implants – rarely compounded

Zul,Siti,Nurul,Diana,

Zarra,Munesh,Kavita.

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