Lecture 1 - Learning About Organizational Behavior

8/3/2019 Lecture 1 - Learning About Organizational Behavior

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Learning about Organizational Behavior

Organizational Behavior


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What is Organizational Behavior?A field of study that investigates the impactthat individuals, groups, and structure have on

behavior within organizations, for the purpose of

applying such knowledge toward improving anorganizations effectiveness.

Provides a set of tools that allow people tounderstand, analyze, describe, predict, andcontrol behaviors.


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Framework for Studying Organizational Behavior The three levels of study in Organizational Behavior are:

1 - Individual Level2 - Groups & In

terpersonal Relations Levelrganizational Systems & Global Environment Level


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Framework for Studying Organizational Behavior

Individual differences

Learning, perception and attribution

Attitudes, values and ethics

Creativity

Motivation

1 - Individual Level


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Communication

Group dynamics

Teams

Leadership

Conflict, stress and well-being

Power, politics and influence

2 - Groups & InterpersonalRelations Level


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Structure and design

Culture

Change and knowledge management

Cultural diversity

3 - Organizational Systems &Global Environment Level


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Objectives for Learning about OrganizationalBehavior OB Competencies Effective leaders need to develop and support employees

organizational competencies throughout theorganization, individual, and groups.

A competency is an interrelated set of

abilities, behaviors, attitudes, and knowledge

needed by an individual to be effective in

professional and managerial positions.

A number of competencies of Ob is identified as follows:


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Objectives for Learning about OrganizationalBehavior OB Competencies

1Managing Self2Managing Communication3Managing Diversity 4Managing Ethics5Managing Acros6Managing Teams

7Managing Change


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The overall ability to:

Assess your own strengths and weaknesses.

Set and pursue professional and personal goals.

Balance work and personal life.

Engage in new learningincluding new or modified

skills, behaviors, and attitudes.

1Managing Self


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Objectives for Learning about OrganizationalBehavior OB CompetenciesCore Abilities in Managing Self Competency

1. Understanding personality and attitudes.

2. Perceiving, appraising, and interpreting accurately.

3. Understanding work-related motivations and emotions.

4. Assessing and establishing developmental, life-related, and

work-related goals.

5. Taking responsibility for managing your career.


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The overall ability to use all the modes of transmitting,

understanding, and receiving ideas, thoughts, and

feelingsverbal, listening, nonverbal, written, electronic,

and the likefor accurately transferring and exchanging

information and emotions.

2Managing Communication


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Objectives for Learning about OrganizationalBehavior OB CompetenciesCore Abilities in Managing Communication

1. Conveying information, ideas, and emotions to others.

2. Providing constructive feedback to others.

3. Engaging in active listening.

4. Using and interpreting nonverbal communication.

5. Engaging in verbal communication.

6. Engaging in written communication.

7. Using a variety of computer-based information


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The overall ability to value unique individual and group

characteristics, embrace such characteristics as potential

sources of organizational strength, and appreciate the

uniqueness of each individual.

Ability to help people work effectively together eventhough their interests and backgrounds may be quite

diverse.

3Managing Diversity Competency


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1. Fostering an environment of inclusion.

2. Learning from others differences.

3. Supporting diversity.

4. Working with others because of their talents and

contributions.

5. Providing leadership in addressing diversity.

6. Applying diversity laws, regulations, and policies.

Core Abilities in Managing Diversity


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Objectives for Learning about OrganizationalBehavior OB CompetenciesSelected Categories of Diversity

Primary Categories

AgeRace

Ethnicity

Gender

Physical Abilities

Sexual Orientation

SecondaryCategories

Education

Work Experience

Income

Marital Status

Religious Beliefs

Geographic Location

Parental Status

Behavioral StyleOther

Effectson

Organizational

Behavior


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Objectives for Learning about OrganizationalBehavior OB Competencies4Managing Ethics

The overall ability to incorporate values and principles

that distinguish right from wrong in making decisions

and choosing behaviors.


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1. Identify and describe the principles of ethical decision

making and behavior.

2. Assess the importance of ethical issues in actions.

3. Apply laws, regulations, and organizational rules inmaking decisions and taking action.

4. Demonstrate dignity and respect for others.

5. Demonstrate honest and open communication limited

only by legal, privacy, and competitive considerations.

Core Abilities in Managing Ethics


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1. A customer asked for a product from us today. After telling him ourprice, he said he couldnt afford it. I know he could get it cheaper

from a competitor. Should I tell him about the competitoror lethim go without getting what he needs? What should I do?

2. My boss told me that one of my employee is among several to belaid off soon and that Im not to tell my employee yet or he might

tell the whole organization, which would soon be in an uproar.Meanwhile, I heard from my employee that he plans to buy bracesfor his daughter and new carpet for his house. What should I do?

Ethical Dilemmas


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Objectives for Learning about OrganizationalBehavior OB Competencies5Managing Across Cultures

Involves the ability to recognize and embrace similarities

and differences among nations and cultures and then

approach key organizational and strategic issues with an

open and curious mind.


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Objectives for Learning about OrganizationalBehavior OB Competencies5Managing Across Cultures

Understand, appreciate, and use cultural factors that can affectbehavior.

Appreciate the influence of work-related values on decisions,preferences, and practices.

Understand and motivate employees with different values andattitudes.

Communicate in the local language.

Deal effectively with extreme conditions in foreign countries.


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Objectives for Learning about OrganizationalBehavior OB CompetenciesWork related Values Pertaining to Managing

Across Cultures

Long-Term or Short-Term Orientation

Gender Role Orientation

Uncertainty Avoidance

Individualism or Collectivism

Power Distance

There are a number ofclassifications of cultural

values which are given.


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Across Cultures

1 - Power Distance

It is the extent to which people in a society

accept status and power inequalities as anormal and functional aspect of life.

low distance: employees are expected to bypass

a manager if necessary in order to get their

work done. Relatively equal distribution.

high distance:employee behave submissively to

managers and avoid disagreements with them.

Extremely unequal distribution.


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Across Cultures

2 Individualism or

Collectivism

Individualism is the degree to which peopleprefer to act as individuals rather than a

member of groups.People learn to say I.

A tight social framework in which peopleexpect others in groups of which they are apart to look after them and protect them.

People learn to say WE


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Across Cultures

3 Uncertainty

Avoidance

It is the extent to which people rely on social

norms, procedures, and organizations(including government) to avoid ambiguity.

High uncertainty avoidance:individuals seekorderliness, consistency, structure, formalized

procedures, and laws to cover situations.Low high distance:employee have low tendencytowards orderliness and consistency, structureslifestyles, and clear specification of socialexpectations.


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Across Cultures

4 Gender Role

Orientation

It refers to the extent to which a societyreinforces, or does not reinforce, traditional

notions of masculinity versus femininity.

Men:they are supposed to be assertive, tough, and

focused on material success.

Women:they are supposed to be modest, tender,and concerned with quality of life.


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Across Cultures

5 Long-Term

Orientation

It refers to the degree to which the society

embraces, or does not embrace, the fosteringof virtues oriented to ward future rewards.

Long-Term Orientation:A national cultureattribute that emphasizes the future, thrift, and

persistence.Short-Term Orientation:A national cultureattribute that emphasizes the past and present,respect for tradition, and fulfilling socialobligations


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Objectives for Learning about OrganizationalBehavior OB Competencies6Managing Team Competency

Involves the ability to develop, support, facilitate, and

lead groups to achieve organizational goals.


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Objectives for Learning about OrganizationalBehavior OB Competencies6Managing Team Competency

Determining use and fit of teams.

Setting clear performance goals.

Defining responsibilities and tasks.

Demonstrating accountability for goal achievement.

Applying appropriate decision-making methods.

Resolving conflicts.

Assessing performance and taking corrective action

as needed.


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The overall ability to recognize and implement needed

adaptations or entirely new transformations in thepeople, tasks, strategies, structures, or technologies inthe persons area of responsibility.

7Managing Change


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Applying the other six competencies in pursuit of needed

changes. Providing leadership of planned change.

Diagnosing pressures for and resistance to change.

Applying the systems model and other processes tofacilitate change.

Dealing with new knowledge to facilitate change.

Core Abilities in Managing Change


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Objectives for Learning about OrganizationalBehavior OB Competencies1. Responding to Globalization.

2. Managing Workforce Diversity.

3. Improving Quality and Productivity.

4. Responding to the Labor Shortage.

5. Improving Customer Service.

6. Improving People Skills.

7. Empowering People.


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Objectives for Learning about OrganizationalBehavior OB Competencies8. Responding to Globalization.

9. Coping with Temporariness.

10. Stimulation Innovation and Change.

11. Helping Employees Balance Work/Life Conflicts.

12. Improving Ethical Behavior.

Documents

Lecture 1 - Learning About Organizational Behavior