Lecture 6 OSM

7/27/2019 Lecture 6 OSM

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Operations And Supply Management(OSM)POP301 Lecture 5

,Under graduate Level, IUBATHistory of OSMLook at page 17 of the referred book..Lean Manufacturing, Just In Time and Total Quality

ManagementFrom the history of OSM, the 1980s saw a revolution in the

management philosophies and technologies by which production iscarried out. Jus t In Time (hereafter called JIT) was the major brakthrough in manufacturing philosophy. Pioneered by the

japanese, JIT is an integrated set of activities designed to acheivehigh volume production using minimal inventories of parts that arriveat the work station exactly when they are needed. The philosophy-coupled with total quality management (TQM), which aggressivelyseeks to eliminate causes of production defects- is now cornerstonein many manufacturers production practices, The term lean manufac tur ing is used to refer to the set of concepts. In 1913,Henry Ford developed an assembly line to make the Model-T

automobile.


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,Under graduate Level, IUBAT

Operations and Supply Strategy Framework: From Customer Needs toOrder fulfilment

Look at page number 32 of the referred book or the photocopy handed in theclass.Linear Programming: Using the Excel Solver

Linear programming refers to several related mathematical techniques usedto allocate limited resources among competing demands in an optimal way.LP is the most of the approaches falling under the general heading of mathematical optimization techniques and has been applied to manyoperations manageemnt problems. The following is the typical applications:A. Ag gregate sa les and operat ing p lannin g: Finding the minimum cost

production schedule. The problem is to develop a three

to six-month planfor meeting expected demand given constraints on expected productioncapacity and workforce size. Relevant cos ts co nsid ered in the prob lem include regular and over t ime labour ra tes , h i r ing and f i r ing ,subc on t rac t ing and inven to ry ca r ry ing cos t .


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B. Service/Manufacturing productivity analysis:Comparing how efficiently different service and manufacturing outletsare using their resources compared to best performing unit. This isdone using an approach called Data env elop m ent analys is .

C. Product Planning:Product Planning is finding the optimal product mix where severalproducts have different cost and resource requirements.

D. Product Routing:Finding an optimal way to produce a product that must be processedsequentially through several machine centers, with each machine inthe center having its own cost and output characteristics.

E. Vehicle/ Crew Scheduling:Finding an optimal way to use resources such as aircrafts, buses, or trucks and their operating crews to provide transportation services tocustomers and materials to be moved between different locations.


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E. Process Control:Minimizing the amount of scrap material generated bycutting steel, leather or fabric from a roll or sheet of stockmaterial.

F. Inventory Control:Finding the optimal combinations of products to stock ina network of warehouses or storage locations.

G. Distribution Scheduling:Finding the optimal shipping schedule for distributing

products between factories and warehouses or betweenwarehouses to retailers.


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H. Plant Locations Studies:Finding the optimal location of a new plant byevaluating shipping costs between alternative

locations and supply and demand sources.I. Material Handling:Finding minimum- cost routing of material-handlingdevices( such as forklift trucks) between departments

in a plant, or hauling materials from supply yard towork sites by trucks, for example each truck mighthave different capacity and performance capabilities.

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Lecture 6 OSM