Lecture1 Notes 4up(4)

32118Mobile Communications and

Computing

Lecture 1Lecturer: Dr. Daniel R. Franklin

Notes originally by Doan Hoang

32118 Mobile Communications and Computing Lecture 1 – p. 1

Notes:

Subject Outline & AdminSubject Name: 32118 Mobile Communications andComputing

Lecturer: Dr. Daniel R. Franklin

Office: CB01.24.17B

E-mail: [email protected]

Consultation: Thursdays, 13:00 - 16:00, Building 1Level 25 LDC


Notes:

About your Lecturer/CoordinatorSenior Lecturer in Communications and Computing(started at UTS in April 2011)

Previously Lecturer and Research Fellow atUniversity of Wollongong

PhD in Telecommunications Engineering (UoW,finished in 2007)

Passionate about open source, Linux, andcomputers in general

Likes to build things


Notes:

Textbook & ReferencesTextbook:

Schiller J., Mobile Communications,Addison-Wesley, 2nd Edition, 2003.

Articles posted on UTSonline - required for writtenassessment tasksReferences:

Stallings W., Wireless Communications and Networks, 2nd Edition,Pearson, 2005

Kwok Y. K. and Lau V.K.N., Wireless Internet and Mobile Computing -Interoperability and Performance, Wiley-IEEE Press, 2007

Kurose J. F. and Ross, K. W., Computer Networking: a Top DownApproach, 5th Edition, Pearson, 2010


Notes: The textbook is a little old - however, it is sufficient for this course. Thatsaid, no one reference is enough for any subject - this one in particular! You areadvised to read widely and find your own references. There are many good textswhich you can use - please ask your lecturer if unsure.

Timetable & Course MaterialsContent accessed through UTSonline:http://online.uts.edu.au (32118)

Lectures (Week 1 - Week 9), Wednesday14:00-16:00, CB10.03.330 (i.e. this room)

Tutorials (Week 2 - Week 9):Tutorial 1/01: Wednesday 16:00-17:00CB10.04.470 (Daniel Franklin)Tutorial 1/02: Wednesday 16:00-17:00CB10.02.240 (Fatima Furqan)


Notes: All lecture notes, tutorials, worked solutions, readings and other supportingmaterial will be placed on UTSonline.

Timetable & Course MaterialsLabs (Week 11 - Week 14)

Lab 1/01: Wednesday 14:00 - 17:00 CB10.03.470Lab 1/02: Wednesday 14:00 - 17:00 CB10.02.340


Notes:

ConsultationI will be available STRICTLY BY EMAIL APPOINTMENT atLDC1 on Level 25, Thursday 13:00-16:00. I may beavailable outside this time - e-mail me if you can’tmake Thursday afternoons.

Tutors may offer consultation at their discretion -however, your first point of consultation should be yourlecturer. Please let your tutor leave the tutorial ontime!


Notes:

AssessmentThree short written exercises: 5% each (15% total)

Midterm multiple-choice / short-answer quiz (onehour): 15%

Written in-class exam in week 10 (2 hours, in thislecture theatre during the lecture timeslot): 40%

Small design project (Weeks 11 - 14) with oralpresentation and written report (in pairs): 30%


Notes:

E-mail communicationThe subject field should start with [32118]: followedby the topic of your message.

For example, an e-mail with a question about thelecture venue for the lecture tomorrow can have thesubject line

[32118]: Lecture venue?

Messages whose subject line does not start with[32118]: may not be answered.

Clearly identify the sender - include your REALname and student ID in the signature

Please keep e-mail messages short and to the point.32118 Mobile Communications and Computing Lecture 1 – p. 9

Notes: Please do not request via e-mail lecture slides, handouts, readings etc. -they can be downloaded from the subject website.

Subject ObjectivesThis subject aims to provide students with anunderstanding and appreciation of one of the fastestgrowing and most exciting areas of computernetworks.

The subject covers the development of the wirelessnetwork technology from mobile cellular networks tomobile IP to wireless local area networks.

The emphasis is on the concepts, infrastructure, andprotocols for supporting device and user mobility.

The subject also includes the design (NOT coding)of a simple mobile application.


Notes:

After Completion, You Should...Understand the limitations and capabilities of fixed &mobile networks;

Understanding the fundamentals of wirelesstransmission and communications techniques;

Understand the network infrastructure requirementsto support mobile devices and users;

Understand the concepts, techniques and protocolsused in wireless and mobile networks;

Be aware of mobile networking standards; and

Understand the nature of mobile applications, andthe software, operating system and languagerequirements to support them.


Notes: You should more generally develop an appreciation of the need for mobilityand portability - not just for handsets, but for many other types of intelligent devicesas well.

Lecture TopicsWireless Communications Fundamentals

Frequency spectra, channel capacity, Shannon’stheorem, media characteristics etc.Switching technology: circuit switching, packetswitching.Physical layer - Air Interface

The National Broadband Network

Cellular Networks (Wireless Wide Area Networks)

GSM, CDMA, GPRS, etc.

InternetMobile IP


Notes:

Lecture TopicsWireless Local Area Networks (WLAN)

WiFi - IEEE 802.11

Wireless Personal Area Networks (WPAN)BluetoothZigbee

3G, 4G, WiMax

Wireless security

Mobile applications, devices, operating systems,languages.


Notes:

Summary of Topic AreasMobile Communications

Mobile Computing

Mobile Computing Architecture

Mobile Devices

Mobile System Networks

Mobility Management

Security


Notes:

This Week’s LectureOverview of Mobile Communications and Computing


Notes:

Portability and MobilityPortability - Networked devices may be moved fromplace to place and used, in place.

A portable, Internet-enabled device will need anIP address while it is in useThe device might be assigned such an addresseach time it is pressed into service.

Mobility - Networked devices are intended to beused while in transit.


Notes:

Mobile and Wireless InternetWireless Internet is the Internet with the provisioningof wireless access in addition to wireline access.

Mobile Internet is the Internet that comes with newenabling functions, and that generates new services,based on:

IP-transparency;Mobility management;Addressing;Personalisation of information;Positioning; andSecurity.


Notes:

Wired vs. Wireless Transmission

Transmitter Receiver

- ?V+

- ?V +

Adjacent signal carrying conductors

Transmitter ReceiverInner conductor

Insulating spacerBraided outer conductor

(shielded)

Cover

D d

Transmitter Receiver

Light Emitting Diode

or Laser

Phototransistor

E A RTH

SAT ELL IT ES a te llit e O rb it

D ow n link

U p link

Ba s e St a t i o n


Notes:

Mobile ApplicationsUsers:

Mobile workers - workers whosejob require mobility: couriers,police officers, inspectors, truckdrivers.

Professionals whose jobs requiresome amount of travelling:salespeople, managers,consultants

Residential users.

Remote devices: pumping sta-tion, pipelines, generators, storagetanks.

Success Factors:

Time: Applications are morevaluable when they are accessibleoutside normal hours of business.

Location: Location independenceis the key differentiator of mobileapplication (access fromanywhere to anywhere)

Personalisation: Personalpreferences, security information,digital identities can be used toadvantage by mobile applications.

Other Considerations: push infor-mation to users, type of user inter-face


Notes:

Limitations of Mobile ApplicationsResource constraints

Interference

Bandwidth: limited spectrum

Dynamic changes in communication environment:variations in power within a region, loss ofconnection

Network issues: ad hoc, discovery of connection

Interoperability issues

Security


Notes:

ApplicationsCommunications:

Email, SMS, Location

Personal Information Management:

Calendars, address books, tasklists, etc.

Residential Users:

Financial Applications: bankingand brokerage services

Payment and Security

Shopping

Auction

Advertising

Ticketing and Reservation

Membership and Records

Location and Navigation

Government Services


Notes:

ApplicationsBusiness Users:

Mobile-based Supply ChainManagement

Job Dispatch

Sales Force Automation

Smartphones

Enterprise Solutions

Music and Video

Mobile Commerce

Other applications:

Telemetry - Potential telemetryclients and applications include:

Trucks - position reporting,fleet tracking;

Security systems - intrusionreporting;

Vending machines - inventoryreporting; and

ATMs - transaction link, statusreporting.

Surveillance

CAN YOU THINK OF A KILLER APPLI-CATION?


Notes:

The Internet: Brief History

�� !"��"��

��

��

��

��

��

��

��

��

��

��

��

��

��

��

��

��

!"��"��

��

��

��

��

��

��


Notes:

Wireless Networks: Brief HistoryBell Labs, 1947: the birth of the cellular concept

Japan, 1979: first direct dial cellular systemsdeployed.

The Nordic countries, 1981: NMT systems.

USA, 1983: commercial Advanced Mobile PhoneSystems (AMPS) in Chicago.

1983 - Exploration of 2G digital cellular GlobalSystem of Mobile Communication (GSM) - 1991Deployment of GSM

1988 - Exploration of the Qualcomm CDMAtechnology 1993 - Initiation for IS-95 standard forCDMA


Notes:

Wireless Networks: Brief HistoryWireless data communication over radio signals:

IBM and Motorola’s ARDIS networkEricsson’s MobitexCellular digital packet data (CDPD) network.General Packet Radio Services (GPRS)

1998 - 3G standardisation started.


Notes:

Mobility, Bitrate and Coverage

&��

�'

�

��

��

��

��%

��

��

��

� �� 4G

LTE-Advanced

WiMaX+

��

�� !�"�#$�

&��

�'

�

��

%

��%

� ��

��

��

��

��

��

&��

�'

�

��

��

��

��%

��

��

��

� �� 4G

LTE-Advanced

WiMaX+

��

�� !�"�#$�

&��

�'

�

��

%

��%

� ��

��

��

��

��

��


Notes:

PSTN & Cellular NetworksPSTN - Pubic Switched Telephone Networkinfrastructure consists of switches, point-to-pointconnections, and computers for operation andmaintenance.

The fixed infrastructure of the cellular telephoneservice has its own mobility-aware switches,point-to-point connections and other hardwaresupport.

Other components: base stations, antennas, mobiledevices etc.


Notes: We will go much deeper into the architecture of cellular networks later inthis course!

Public Switched Telephone Networks

2005-06-07

2:45 PM

1 2 3

4 5 6

7 8 9

*0 #

ABC DEF

JKLGHI MNO

PQRS TUV WXYZ

OPER

SPEAKERHOLD SEND

CNF/TRN MSG MUTE CLEAR

LINE1 LINE2 LINE3 LINE4

2005-06-07

2:45 PM

1 2 3

4 5 6

7 8 9

*0 #

ABC DEF

JKLGHI MNO

PQRS TUV WXYZ

OPER

SPEAKERHOLD SEND



2005-06-07

2:45 PM

1 2 3

4 5 6

7 8 9

*0 #

ABC DEF

JKLGHI MNO

PQRS TUV WXYZ

OPER

SPEAKERHOLD SEND



2005-06-07

2:45 PM

1 2 3

4 5 6

7 8 9

*0 #

ABC DEF

JKLGHI MNO

PQRS TUV WXYZ

OPER

SPEAKERHOLD SEND



2005-06-07

2:45 PM

1 2 3

4 5 6

7 8 9

*0 #

ABC DEF

JKLGHI MNO

PQRS TUV WXYZ

OPER

SPEAKERHOLD SEND



POWER

SIGNAL

POWER

SIGNAL

POWER

SIGNAL

FEX802

202FEX

ForeignExchange

703

NationalExchange

757

CO365

266CO

815

CO CO

CO

874 225

619

IOT

IOT

IOT

330OfficeCentral

NetworkInterfaceDevice

NID

NID

Exchange (PBX)BranchPrivate

Analog Local Loop

Integrated Services Digital Network

+11Exchange

International

IOT

3000

703 330 3281 703 330 3307 703 330 3401

1828

8134

4129

Inter−Office Trunk

IOT

IOT

IOT

IOT

703 330 3305


Notes:

Mobile (GSM) Infrastructure


Notes: GSM is a widespread digital (2G) cellular mobile network system. We useit as a model here because it is the ancestor of the most widely deployed 3G and4G system (UMTS and LTE respectively - both of which are used in Australia).

Internet and Wireless Data Services

tux@linux#

tux@linux#

tux@linux#

Wired Network (e.g. Ethernet)

Internet

Wireless Router

Cellular Base Station


Notes:

Internet via WirelessTraditional data network: routers, point-to-pointconnections, and computers.

Wireless network: mobile devices, access points,mobility-aware routers, and point-to-pointconnections.


Notes:

Overview of Hybrid Fibre Coaxial

Internet

PSTN

��

��

��

��

CustomerCustomerCustomer

CustomerCustomerCustomer

Video Content Server

Program Guides etc.

Live Studio FeedsMultiplexer

Cable TV Head−EndOther Head−End

Other Head−End

Advertising Server

Optical Fibre Ring

Coaxial Cable Distribution Network

Sun

Sun

Sun


Notes:

Cable TV InfrastructureCable TV distribution networks started in 1968 in theUSA (residential penetration about 60%)

Components: a regional hub, a distribution cablebus, and a fiber ring connecting the hubs together.

All channels at the hubs are distributed through thecable hub in a residential areas, and each hometaps the channels off the bus.

The cable supports about 100 TV channels (6MHzeach).


Notes:

ModulationAmplitude Modulation Amplitude Shift KeyingFrequency Modulation Frequency Shift KeyingPhase Modulation Phase Shift Keying Binary PhaseShift Keying Gaussian Minimum Shift KeyingQuadrature Phase Shift Keying QuadratureAmplitude Modulation


Notes:

MultiplexingSpace division Multiplexing

Time Division Multiplexing

Frequency Division Multiplexing

Code Division Multiplexing

Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing


Notes:

Mobile DevicesHandheld Mobile Phones

PDAs

Smartcards

Smart Sensors


Notes:

Mobile Computing ArchitectureProgramming Languages

Operating Systems

Middleware for Mobile Systems

Mobile Computing Architectural Layers

Protocols

Layers


Notes:

Mobile System NetworksCellular Networks

Wireless Local Area Networks (WLANs): 802.11

Wireless Metropolitan Area Networks (WMANs)

Wireless Personal Area Networks (PANs) andWireless Sensor Networks (WSNs)


Notes:

Mobile Computing ArchitectureClientApplication

CommunicationAPIs: SMS,

Bluetooth, Internet

GUIAPI

PhoneAPIs

MiddlewareDatabase,

ApplicationServers

Operating System

Device Hardware: display, keypad, RAM, processors, etc.

Radio interface, gateway, network interface

Network


Notes:

Next WeekCommunications Fundamentals


Notes:

References

[1] Jochen Schiller. Mobile Communications. Addison Wesley, 2nd edition, 2002.

Documents

Lecture1 Notes 4up(4)