Lectures details

• History and background of infection in Surgery

• Significance of Hand hygiene / guidelines

• Surgical site infection / guidelines

• Prophylaxis and use of Antibiotics

• Common Surgical infections and their management -1

• Common Surgical Infections and their management – 2

PHYSIOLOGY AND PRESENTATION

• Background• Egyptian Mummification

• The Hippocratic teachings – Wine and vinegar

PHYSIOLOGY AND PRESENTATION

• Background• Egyptian Mummification

• The Hippocratic teachings – Wine and vinegar

• Galen

Caliph Harun al- RasheedAr-Rashid (1109–1138 AD).

PHYSIOLOGY AND PRESENTATION

• Background• Egyptian Mummification- EGYPT

• The Hippocratic teachings – Wine and vinegar- GREEK

• Galen- ROME

• Ignaz Semmelweis - AUSTRIA

• Robert Koch – Anthrax / typhoid/ Tuberculosis

Ignaz Semmelweis - AUSTRIA

• deadly malady known as “childbed” or puerperal (from the Latin words for child and parent) fever.

• In the mid-19th century, about five women in 1,000 died in deliveries performed by midwives or at home.

• The maternal death rate was often 10 to 20 times greater.

http://www.pbs.org/newshour/updates/ignaz-semmelweis-doctor-prescribed-hand-washing/

Childbed fever

• “a miserable end it was: raging fevers, putrid pus emanating from the birth canal, painful abscesses in the abdomen and chest, and an irreversible descent into an absolute hell of sepsis and death — all within 24 hours of the baby’s birth.”

Cause – Curriculum - Anatomy

• Medical students and their professors at the elite teaching hospitals of this era typically began their day performing barehanded autopsies

Cause – Curriculum - Anatomy

• Medical students and their professors at the elite teaching hospitals of this era typically began their day performing barehanded autopsies

• Most commonly women dying within the past 24 hours

Cause – Curriculum - Anatomy

• Medical students and their professors at the elite teaching hospitals of this era typically began their day performing barehanded autopsies

• Most commonly women dying within the past 24 hours

• Coming to maternity for deliveries

“ Morbid Poison”

Published in 1861

PHYSIOLOGY AND PRESENTATION

• Background• Egyptian Mummification

• The Hippocratic teachings – Wine and vinegar

• Galen

• Ignaz Semmelweis

• Robert Koch’s postulate

Louis PasteurFrance

Joseph ListerThe broken bones (1866)

Surgical Site Infections

• SSIs occur within the first 30 days after the operation if no implant is placed or within 1 year if an implant remains