Lesson 1 Arctic Adventures

1.1.  Not only haveNot only have Susan Butcher and her sled dogs won the Susan Butcher and her sled dogs won the Iditarod Sled Dog Race on four occasions, Iditarod Sled Dog Race on four occasions, butbut they’ve also they’ve also beaten deathbeaten death..

1)1)            Not only…but (also/…as well) Not only…but (also/…as well) 与部分倒装与部分倒装2)2)    Beat deathBeat death （（战胜死亡）：战胜死亡）： Beat sb (defeat sb/win against Beat sb (defeat sb/win against

sb/do better than sb) sb/do better than sb) --Our team was easily beaten.--Our team was easily beaten.--He beats me at almost every aspect that I am interested in.--He beats me at almost every aspect that I am interested in.--Nothing beats home cooking.--Nothing beats home cooking.--You can’t beat Italian clothes.--You can’t beat Italian clothes.

Halt, cow, in the black of night

2. Susan Butcher called her sled team to a quick 2. Susan Butcher called her sled team to a quick halthalt in the in the black of nightblack of night about 150 miles out of Anchorage. A about 150 miles out of Anchorage. A cowcow (female) moose stood blocking the trail ahead.(female) moose stood blocking the trail ahead.

Halt: temporary stop; interruption of progress; standstillHalt: temporary stop; interruption of progress; standstill

--Work was brought/came to a halt when the machine broke --Work was brought/came to a halt when the machine broke down.down.

--Let’s call a halt to our meeting and we will continue --Let’s call a halt to our meeting and we will continue tomorrow.tomorrow.

(call a halt to sth:(call a halt to sth: 停止工作，改掉某习惯停止工作，改掉某习惯 ) )

eager

3. 3. Butcher was Butcher was eagereager to move on. to move on.

Eager for sth/to do sth (full of interest or desire for Eager for sth/to do sth (full of interest or desire for sth/to do sth; keen on sth/to do sth)sth/to do sth; keen on sth/to do sth)

--She is eager for success.--She is eager for success.

--He is eager to please his boss.--He is eager to please his boss.

Cf. anxious for sth/to do sth; eagerness/anxiety Cf. anxious for sth/to do sth; eagerness/anxiety

Set a record, leg of the trip, never…better

4. Butcher had already 4. Butcher had already set a new time recordset a new time record for the first for the first leg of the tripleg of the trip, , and her chances of winning had and her chances of winning had nevernever been been betterbetter..

1)1)    Set a record for sth/break a record/keep a record/equal a recordSet a record for sth/break a record/keep a record/equal a record

2)2)    The first leg of the trip: the first section/part of a journey (The first leg of the trip: the first section/part of a journey ( 一段行程一段行程 ))

----The last leg of our trip was the most tiring.The last leg of our trip was the most tiring.

--After the stranger joined us, the rest leg of the journey became more --After the stranger joined us, the rest leg of the journey became more interesting.interesting.

3)3)      Never…better = the bestNever…better = the best

--He could never do it better.--He could never do it better.

--I can’t agree with you more.--I can’t agree with you more.

--Her chance to get a promotion could never be better. --Her chance to get a promotion could never be better.

Charge sb with sth, charge (at) sb/sth

5. The moose turned and 5. The moose turned and chargecharged straight into the dog team.d straight into the dog team.

ChargeCharge

1)1)  Charge sb with sth: accuse sb of sthCharge sb with sth: accuse sb of sth

--He was charged with murder/theft.--He was charged with murder/theft.

--She charged me with neglecting my duty.--She charged me with neglecting my duty.

2)2)  Charge (at) sb/sth: rush forward and attack sb/sthCharge (at) sb/sth: rush forward and attack sb/sth

--The soldiers charged (at) the enemy lines bravely.--The soldiers charged (at) the enemy lines bravely.

--I didn't know why that man suddenly charged into the crowd and madly --I didn't know why that man suddenly charged into the crowd and madly shouted.shouted.

--The children playfully charged down the stairs to welcome their father.--The children playfully charged down the stairs to welcome their father.

Charge sb for sth, hesitation

3)3)  Charge (sb) for sthCharge (sb) for sth--How much do you charge for mending shoes?--How much do you charge for mending shoes?--As long as you’ve paid in advance, we won’t charge you for --As long as you’ve paid in advance, we won’t charge you for

the delivery.the delivery.6. Without 6. Without hesitationhesitation, she grabbed the ax, …, she grabbed the ax, …HesitationHesitationhesitate (at/about/over sth)hesitate (at/about/over sth)--He replied without hesitation.--He replied without hesitation.--He hesitated before replying.--He hesitated before replying.--She hesitates to spend so much money on clothes.--She hesitates to spend so much money on clothes.--He’s still hesitating about joining in the army. --He’s still hesitating about joining in the army.

Approach, swing, not simply…

7. Again Butcher 7. Again Butcher approachapproached the moose, ed the moose, swingswinging her ax. ing her ax. This was This was not simplynot simply a valuable team and her best chance a valuable team and her best chance of a win, these dogs were her closest friends.of a win, these dogs were her closest friends.

1)1)    ApproachApproach

2)2)    SwingSwing

3) Not simply… 3) Not simply…

Oddly, be in sympathy with sb/sth

8. 8. OddlyOddly, all the while that Butcher fought for her dogs’ lives, , all the while that Butcher fought for her dogs’ lives, her thoughts were also her thoughts were also in sympathy within sympathy with the moose. the moose.

Be in sympathy with sth/sb: Be in sympathy with sth/sb: 对某人对某人 // 事表示支持或赞同事表示支持或赞同----I am sure that she will be in sympathy with your proposal.I am sure that she will be in sympathy with your proposal.

--I am totally in sympathy with those underpaid workers.--I am totally in sympathy with those underpaid workers.

Cf. have no/some sympathy with sb/sth Cf. have no/some sympathy with sb/sth 对某人对某人 // 事表示不事表示不赞同（赞同）赞同（赞同）

Feel/have sympathy for/towards sb Feel/have sympathy for/towards sb 同情某人同情某人Sympathetic, sympathize Sympathetic, sympathize

Must/may表示推测 , perceive, instinct, too…to

9. She 9. She must bemust be starving to death…She starving to death…She may have perceivedmay have perceived the dog team the dog team to be to be a pack ofa pack of wolves. Her wolves. Her instinctinstincts may have told her that she was s may have told her that she was too weak to escapetoo weak to escape by running. by running.

1)1)    must/may must/may 表示推测表示推测2)2)    Perceive: become aware of sb/sth, notice, observe, viewPerceive: become aware of sb/sth, notice, observe, view

--I perceived a change in his behavior.--I perceived a change in his behavior.

--We had already perceived how the temperature fluctuated.--We had already perceived how the temperature fluctuated.

--I perceived his remark as kind of encouragement.--I perceived his remark as kind of encouragement.

Perceivable, perceptible, perceptive, perceptionPerceivable, perceptible, perceptive, perception

3) A pack of wolves, a flock of birds/cattle, a swarm of bees, a herd of 3) A pack of wolves, a flock of birds/cattle, a swarm of bees, a herd of cows cows

Long before

10. “10. “Moose!” she yelled Moose!” she yelled long beforelong before her fellow musher got her fellow musher got close enough to be in danger.close enough to be in danger.

--Long before the beast could approach us, we had already --Long before the beast could approach us, we had already had our guns packed.had our guns packed.

--We’ve already realized what’s going to happen long before --We’ve already realized what’s going to happen long before he realizes.he realizes.

Cf. before long =soonCf. before long =soon

--They arrived at home before long. --They arrived at home before long.

Risk one’s life

11. On another occasion, Butcher 11. On another occasion, Butcher risked her liferisked her life when she when she decided to mush across 40 miles of sea ice. decided to mush across 40 miles of sea ice.

risk one’s life, risk one’s neckrisk one’s life, risk one’s neck

12. Suddenly, she could feel 12. Suddenly, she could feel the roller-coaster sensation of ice the roller-coaster sensation of ice movingmoving beneath her feet. beneath her feet.

roller-coaster sensationroller-coaster sensation

Obedient, billow, fall apart, so … that

13. He 13. He obedientlyobediently turned left toward shore, but the ice turned left toward shore, but the ice billowbillowed upward, then ed upward, then fell apartfell apart as it dropped back down as it dropped back down—dumping dogs, sled, and Butcher into 30 feet of water —dumping dogs, sled, and Butcher into 30 feet of water so so cold it can be survived for only minutescold it can be survived for only minutes..

1)1)      BillowBillow

2)2)      Fall apartFall apart

3) Survive 3) Survive

With ease, water-resistant, soak to the skin

14. The dogs could survive the minus 1514. The dogs could survive the minus 15 。。 F (minus 26F (minus 26 。。 C) C) with easewith ease. . Their coats were Their coats were water-resistantwater-resistant. Butcher was, however, . Butcher was, however, soaked to the soaked to the skinskin..

1)1)    With easeWith ease2)2)    Water-resistant/water-proofWater-resistant/water-proof3)3)    Be soaked to the skin: be wet to the skinBe soaked to the skin: be wet to the skinSoak:Soak:--The rain has soaked through his coat.--The rain has soaked through his coat.--Clean up the wine before it soaks into the carpet.--Clean up the wine before it soaks into the carpet.--Don’t stand there and you will be soaked through.--Don’t stand there and you will be soaked through.--Sponge is a good material to soak up water.--Sponge is a good material to soak up water.--She is totally soaked in the sunshine. --She is totally soaked in the sunshine.

Odds/odd

15. Odds: probability or chance; inequality15. Odds: probability or chance; inequality

--The odds are in your favor because you have more --The odds are in your favor because you have more experience. (You are likely to succeed.)experience. (You are likely to succeed.)

--The odds are against him.--The odds are against him.

--That’s a victory against heavy odds. (--That’s a victory against heavy odds. ( 那是一个以弱胜强的胜那是一个以弱胜强的胜利。利。 ))

----The horse was running at odds of ten to one. (The horse was running at odds of ten to one. ( 那匹马参赛赔那匹马参赛赔率是十比一。率是十比一。 ))

Against the odds, be at odds with sb/over sth, odd

Against (all) the odds: despite strong opposition or Against (all) the odds: despite strong opposition or disadvantagesdisadvantages

--Against all the odds finally she realized her dream of --Against all the odds finally she realized her dream of becoming a paleontologist. becoming a paleontologist.

Be at odds with sb/over sth: be disagreeing or quarrellingBe at odds with sb/over sth: be disagreeing or quarrelling--They’re constantly at odds with each other.--They’re constantly at odds with each other.Cf. oddCf. odd--What an odd man! (Strange, weird)--What an odd man! (Strange, weird)--1, 3, 5 and 7 are odd numbers. (Not even numbers)--1, 3, 5 and 7 are odd numbers. (Not even numbers)--At school she always felt the odd one out. --At school she always felt the odd one out.

Talk about a decision

What made you decide to go into business What made you decide to go into business for yourself?for yourself?

What made you decide to major in English?What made you decide to major in English? What made you decide to move to the city?What made you decide to move to the city? What made you decide to take up running?What made you decide to take up running? What made you decide to go abroad?What made you decide to go abroad?

Answers

Well, I’d always heard that doing business is one Well, I’d always heard that doing business is one way to realize one’s dream.way to realize one’s dream.

Well, I’d just taken an English course and then I’d Well, I’d just taken an English course and then I’d found that I liked it.found that I liked it.

Well, I’d lived in a small town since I was a little Well, I’d lived in a small town since I was a little boy.boy.

Well, I’d been sick for many years and thought Well, I’d been sick for many years and thought running might have been good for my health.running might have been good for my health.

Well, I’d been thinking about it for many years.Well, I’d been thinking about it for many years.

The Past Perfect: had done/hadn’t done

1. 1. 表示叙述者或主语在过去的某一时刻回顾更早的动作表示叙述者或主语在过去的某一时刻回顾更早的动作。。----He met her in Paris in 1998. He had seen her He met her in Paris in 1998. He had seen her

ten years before. Her hair had been gray ten years before. Her hair had been gray then; now it was white. then; now it was white.

--The flight had taken off when she arrived at --The flight had taken off when she arrived at the airport. the airport.

The Past Perfect: had done/hadn’t done

2. 2. 表示在所说的过去某一时刻之前就已开始的动作，此动作或在该时表示在所说的过去某一时刻之前就已开始的动作，此动作或在该时刻停止、或在所说时刻之前某一时候停止、或仍在继续。（同现在刻停止、或在所说时刻之前某一时候停止、或仍在继续。（同现在完成时的意义）完成时的意义）

----The old tree, which The old tree, which had stoodhad stood in the yard for 10 in the yard for 10 years, suddenly crashed to the ground last summer years, suddenly crashed to the ground last summer after a storm.after a storm.

--Mr. Thomas --Mr. Thomas had servedhad served in the army for 10 years; in the army for 10 years; then he retired and married last year.then he retired and married last year.

--Emily --Emily had livedhad lived in the cottage for 20 years since she in the cottage for 20 years since she was born, and still had no wish to move to a bigger was born, and still had no wish to move to a bigger house.house.

So…that, such…that—emphasize something

----He was so shocked that he couldn't figure He was so shocked that he couldn't figure out how to react.out how to react.

--She is so lovely a little girl that her parents --She is so lovely a little girl that her parents prefer her to all her other brothers.prefer her to all her other brothers.

--She is such a lovely little girl that her --She is such a lovely little girl that her parents prefer her to all her other brothers.parents prefer her to all her other brothers.

So…that, such…that

--There is such shocking news that the --There is such shocking news that the workers couldn't help going on a strike.workers couldn't help going on a strike.

--He earned so much (money) from that --He earned so much (money) from that business that he didn't have to work any business that he didn't have to work any more.more.

--They did so many contributions to their --They did so many contributions to their country that no one would forget them.country that no one would forget them.

Too…to, enough

----She is too old to support herself.She is too old to support herself.--John spoke too quickly for me to understand.--John spoke too quickly for me to understand.--He is too shrewd a businessman to accept the --He is too shrewd a businessman to accept the

first offer.first offer.--She is not strong enough to carry that sack.--She is not strong enough to carry that sack.--He didn't run fast enough to catch the bus.--He didn't run fast enough to catch the bus.--He got enough profit from that business to --He got enough profit from that business to

make a decent living. make a decent living.