Lesson 3: Aim and Objectives

Aim: How can covalent bonds and covalent compounds be described?

Objectives: 1. Understand the difference between network solids

and molecular substances2. Know how to determine if a bond is polar or

nonpolar3. Know how to describe a single, double or triple

bond.

Covalent Compounds: Molecular vs Network Solid

Covalent Bonds• When two atoms make a covalent bond, 1 electron

is provided for sharing by each atom. So each bond has two atoms.

• The number of bonds made by an atom equals the number of electrons that atom needs to make an octet.

• Covalent bonds can be single, double or triple.• In single bonds, 1 pair of electrons are shared.• In double bonds, 2 pairs of electrons are shared. • In triple bonds , 3 pair of electrons are shared.• Carbon is unique in that it can form single, double

or triple bonds with other carbons.

How many covalent bonds would these atoms have to make to reach an octet (stable electron configuration)?

a) C d) F g) Cl b) N e) S h) Ne c) O f) P i) H

How many bonds would the following make with another atom of its kind?

H with H O with O N with N

Covalent Bonds• Covalent bonds can be polar or nonpolar.• In nonpolar covalent bonds: electrons are

shared equally.• In polar covalent bonds: electrons are shared

unequally.

Which of the following are polar bonds? How do you know?

a) H-H d) O=O

b) H-Br e) C-O

c) C-Cl f) N-H

Complete this Concept MapTypes of Bonds

Metallic

Polar Single

Molecular

Homework 3

• Draw Lewis Dot Structures for the elements in Period 5 in Groups 1, 2, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18. Read pages 99-100 for information on how to do this.

Objective: • Learn to draw Lewis Dot structures for

elements.