Lesson 4 - Wisdom of Bear Wood

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Lesson 4 - Wisdom of Bear Wood

Part FourPart Four

ENTER

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I. Word Study

II. Phrases and Expressions

III.Word Building

IV. Grammar

Language Language StudyStudy

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I.I. Word StudyWord StudyWord list:

1. attachment

2. dangle

3. dense

4. earn

5. extend

6. familiarity

7. frail

15. regard

16. roam

17. stand

18. sting

19. suspect

20. trespass

21. wrench

8. identify

9. impenetrable

10. incline

11. nickname

12. offer

13. private

14. proceed

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I.I. Word StudyWord Study

1. attachment

n. affection; devotion

Examples:

As a teenager she formed a strong attachment to one of her teachers.

She has already formed a strong attachment to her baby brother.

feel a strong attachment to one's family

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2. dangle

v. a. to hang or swing loosely b. to offer as an attraction

Examples:

A pair of binoculars dangled from her neck.

He sat on the edge of the table dangling his

legs.

They might do the job if you dangle a bonus

in front of them.

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3. dense a. a. closely packed or crowded together

b. difficult to see through c. stupid

Classify the following words into 3 groups according to a, b and c.

a dense crowd dense laurels

a dense metal a dense fog

a dense mist dense traffic

a man with a dense brain

a

a

b

b

a

a

c

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4. earn

v. a. to receive a certain amount of money for the work you dob. to get something you deserve

Examples:

Now that you are earning, you should think

about buying a house.

He earned a lot of praise from the papers

for the way he handled the strike.

More examples

To be continued on the next page.

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earn a well-earned reward

earned income

earn one's bread

earn one's own living



应得的报酬劳动收入谋生，挣钱自食其力

Translation

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Examples:

The man extended his hand: "I'm Chuck."

He refused to take the hand I extended in

friendship.

He extended his hand in greeting.



v. If someone extends his hand, he stretches out his arm and hand to shake hands with someone.

5. extend

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6. familiarity

n. a. thorough knowledge (of) b. the freedom of behavior only

expected in the most friendly relations

a. familiar

v. familiarize

Word formations

Examples:

His familiarity with the language impressed us all.

They greeted each other with such familiarity that we thought they must be brother and sister.

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Examples:

She lay in bed looking particularly frail.

The frail craft rocked as he clambered in.

fragileweakslight

delicate

Synonyms



a. a. (someone) not very strong or healthy

b. (something) easily broken or

damaged

7. frail

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I.I. Word StudyWord Study8. identify

v. a. to prove or show the identity ofb. to discover or recognize

Examples:

She was asked to identify the criminal.

The dead man has been identified as Mr.

James Gould.

They have now identified the main cause of

the problem.

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9. impenetrable

a. a. impossible to go into or throughb. extremely difficult or impossible to

understand

the impenetrable forest

impenetrable by a bullet

impenetrable darkness

an impenetrable mystery

a mind impenetrable by/to new ideas

a

a

b

b

a

1. 密林

2. 子弹打不穿的

3. 漆黑

4. 难解之谜

5. 不接受新思想的顽固头脑

Translation

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I.I. Word StudyWord Study10. incline

v. a. to influence or encourage to have a particular feeling, belief, etc.

b. to tend to; be likely to show a particular state of quality

c. to cause to move downwardsExamples:

Her arguments incline me towards a

different view of the matter.

I incline to get tired easily.

He inclined his head in greeting.

More examples


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incline a post against the wall incline one's ear to sb.be inclined to go by airHis attitude did not incline me to help him. Are you inclined for a walk?incline to traditional wayincline toward the speaker to hear more clearlyRight incline!

把柱子靠墙斜立着侧耳倾听某人讲话想要坐飞机去他的态度使我不想帮

助他。你想散步吗？喜爱传统的做法将身子倾向讲话者，

以便听得更清楚些。半面向右转走 !

Translation

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11. nickname n. a name used informally instead of a person's own name connected with one's character or history

first name Christian name

surname last name

family name maiden name

pet name fake name

pseudonym pen name

stage name anonymity

Related words

名

姓，绰号

姓

爱称，昵称

假名，笔名

艺名

教名，洗礼名

姓

女子的娘家姓氏

假名

笔名

匿名

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• He offered me his seat. • offer a few ideas• offer the house for ￡ 1,000• offer ￡ 1,000 for the house• accept/decline an offer• make an offer (of) • on offer• receive an offer

12. offer

他把他的座位让给了我。提几点意见房屋要价一千镑对该房屋出价一千镑接受 / 不接受提议提议；提供，出价出卖接受提议

Translation

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private life private coach/teacher/tutor private propertyprivate ownershipa private secretarya private carprivate businessprivate affairs/concernsprivate informationa private soldierfor sb.'s private ear in private (criticism in private)



私生活家庭教师，私人教师私有财产私有制私人秘书私家车个人的事，私事私事，隐秘的事非正式消息士兵，列兵只私下里跟某人讲秘密地 ( 背后批评 )

13. privateTranslation

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14. proceed

v. a. to begin or continue in a course of action or set of actions

b. to advance; move in a particular directionExamples:

The work is proceeding according to plan.

He paused to consult his notes, and then proceeded with his questions.

Passengers for the New York flight should now proceed to Gate 13.

More examples


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proceed to London proceed to the next businessPlease proceed with your story.diseases that proceed from dirtproceed to the degreeproceed with one's work

去伦敦着手另一项工作请继续讲下去。

因为不清洁引起的疾病

得学位继续干下去（尤指

停顿一段时间后）

Translation

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Examples:She regarded him curiously for a moment.I have always regarded him highly.You have no regard for my feelings.in that regardwith regard toregardless ofas regards/regarding



v. a. to look at, observe, watch carefully b. to consider in the stated way

n. respectful attention; consideration

15. regard

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ramble

stray

wander



16. roam

v. to wander without any very clear purpose

Synonyms

Examples:

The lovers roamed across the fields in

complete forgetfulness of the time.

Crowds of youths roamed the streets

looking for trouble.

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17. stand

n. a small often outdoor place

Examples: a stand of trees/wheat an ice-cream stand a book stand a newspaper stand open stands a good stand of timber

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prickwoundpaininflame



18. sting (stung, stung)

n. & v. to hurt or make something hurt with a sudden sharp pain for a short time

Examples:I stared out of the window, tears stinging my eyes.

He was stung by the

• bee/wasp/

scorpion/nettle.• icy wind/oils/

sprays/smoke.• condemnation/

harsh words/criticism.

Synonyms

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n. suspicion

a. suspicious

a. suspectable



19. suspect

v. a. to think that something is probably true or likely, esp. something bad

b. to think that someone is probably guilty c. to doubt the truth of something

n. a person who is suspected of guilt, esp. in a crime

Word formation

Examples:They suspect him of murder.

The police have arrested two suspects.

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infringe

intrude

transgress



20. trespass

v. to enter privately owned property or land without permission

n. an act or offence of trespassing

Examples:

She was trespassing on my special place.

One more trespass I must make on your

patience. I shall trespass on your

hospitality.

Synonyms

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21. wrench

v. to twist and pull with force n. a. a feeling of sadness caused by leaving b. a place or a person that you love

Examples:

to wrench a door off its hinges

He managed to wrench himself free.

Leaving home was a terrible wrench for him.

The end of Word Study.

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List:

1. as it were

2. brim over

3. catch one's breath

4. keep to oneself

5. not nearly enough

6. odds and ends

7. put sb. at ease

8. set off

9. warn against

II.II. Phrases and Phrases and ExpressionsExpressions

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used indicating not very accurate

1. as it were 可谓，好像

Cf. as it is


Examples:I'd understood the words, but I didn't, as it were, understand the question.

He is, as it were, a walking dictionary.

The English, the Scots and the Welsh are all, as it were, members of the same family.


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Examples:I want to work at home on a Tuesday but as it is sometimes it's a Wednesday or a Thursday.

I thought things would get better, but as it is they are getting worse.

as it is 事实上


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to overflow

2. brim over


Examples:a glass brimming over with water

brim over with excitement, happiness, joy, etc.

I noticed Dorabella was brimming over with excitement.

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to stop breathing for a moment from surprise, fear, shock, etc.

3. catch one's breath


“Breath” phrases

Examples:She caught her breath, instinctively touching her throat with her hand.John caught his breath as Nikko nearly dropped the bottle.He had stopped to catch his breath.


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at a breath

be short of breath

above one's breath

draw a breath

hold/keep one's breath

in a breath

out of breath

take breath

一口气

上气不接下气

大声，说出声

吸一口气

屏息

一瞬间，一口气

大喘气，上气不接下气

歇一口气

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不交际 ,

不与人往来



4. keep to oneself

to avoid meeting people socially

Chinese

Example:

Nobody knows much about him; he keeps very much to himself.

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far from enough; not enough

5. not nearly enough

1. 差得很远。

2. 当时移居来这个地区的人很少。


Translation

Examples:

It's not nearly enough.

There weren't nearly enough people to

settle all that land.

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small articles of various kinds, without much value

6. odds and ends


Examples:The old round tin was filled up with countless other odds and ends.

He only heard some odds and ends.

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to make sb. feel relaxed

7. put/set sb. at ease“Ease” phrases


Examples:

He had been dreading their meeting but her

warm welcome soon put him at ease.

I never feel at ease in his company.


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Finish the task at your ease.

He felt ill at ease in the strange surroundings.

He led a life of ease.

He passed the test with ease.


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to start a journey

8. set off


“Set” phrases

Examples:

We set off.

He set off for his remote farmhouse in Texas.

She set off, full of optimism.


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set about

set in

set off

set to

set back

set up

set down

set out

开始，下手，着手

开始，来到

出发；使爆炸

认真着手

阻碍，使受挫折

竖起，建立

放下；制定

出发，动身

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to warn someone not to do something

9. warn against


The end of Phrases and Expressions.

Examples:

I had been warned against going off with strangers.

He warned me against going there at night.

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III.III. Word BuildingWord BuildingList:

1. Prefix： bi-

2. Root： ocular

3. Suffix： -ify

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III.III. Word BuildingWord Building

binoculars (6)binoculars (6)

prefix

root

bi-: double, two, twice

biannualbicameralbicoloredbiennialbifurcatedbigamybilingualbimonthlybipodbipolarbisexualbiweekly

每年两次的（议会）两院制的二色的每两年一次的分叉的重婚两种语言的两个月一次的两脚架有两极的两性的隔周的

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ocul: eye

ocularoculistoculomotorbinocularmonocularocular defeatocular proof

眼睛的，视觉的，像眼睛的眼科医生使眼球动的，动眼的

双眼并用的， (pl.)双筒望远镜单眼的视力缺陷目证

binoculars (6)binoculars (6)

prefix

root


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v. a. to make or become b. to fill with

Examples:

to purify (= make or become pure)

to clarify (= make or become clear)

to terrify (= fill with terror)

Suffix -ify

More examples



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class fortification identification justice purity satisfaction simplicity signification glory quality

Suffix -ify


Give corresponding verbs of the

following nouns.

classify fortify identify justify purify satisfy simplify signify glorify qualify

The end of Word Building.

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IV.IV. GrammarGrammarApposition Apposition

Definition:A syntactic relation in which an element is juxtaposed to another element of the same kind ， especially between noun phrases that do not have distinct referents.

Example:Do you know my wife Lucy?

Lucy is in apposition to my wife.


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It was my secret fortress, almost a holy place.

The fortress is almost a holy place.

Apposition Apposition

IV.IV. GrammarGrammar


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I'd leave the bright sun and the twitter and rustle of insects and animals outside and creep into another world—a vaulted cathedral.

The world is like a cathedral with a vaulted ceiling.




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But she sent me home with two large tomes, one full of beautiful illustrations of birds, and one of butterflies and other insects.

One of the large tomes was full of beautiful illustrations of birds and the other was full of butterflies and other insects.



More examples


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A few years later Michael had another good idea, to trade stamps by advertising in stamp magazines.

If the baby is truly abandoned or orphaned —something you can learn only by watching it from a distance for an hour or more—you have a decision to make.

We are faced with a big trouble: how to get the license legally.



Analyze the grammatical function of the italic parts.

The end of Grammar.

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Lesson 4 - Wisdom of Bear Wood