Lesson 5: GravityLesson 5: Gravityhttp://video.search.yahoo.com/video/http://video.search.yahoo.com/video/

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Bill Nye on Planets and MoonsBill Nye on Planets and Moons

Lesson 5: GravityLesson 5: Gravity

Standard S6E1.eStandard S6E1.eExplain that gravity is the Explain that gravity is the

force that governs the force that governs the motion in the solar system.motion in the solar system.

Lesson 5: GravityLesson 5: Gravity

Gravity A pulling force that attracts objects to one another.All objects have a gravitational pull on other objects.Gravity’s strength depends on 2 factors:

Product of the masses of the objectsDistance between the objects

Drawing for GravityDrawing for Gravity

GravitationaGravitational Pulll Pull

Lesson 5: GravityLesson 5: Gravity

Ex. If mass increases, then the pull of gravity will increase.

If distance increases, then the pull of gravity will decrease.

Size Comparison of our Sun & other Size Comparison of our Sun & other Stars: “Star Size Comparison HD”Stars: “Star Size Comparison HD”

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OrbitsOrbits

In our solar system, planets revolve around the sun, and moons revolve around the planets. Their paths are called orbits.

Earth travels in an orbit around the sun.The Moon travels in an orbit around the Earth.

22ndnd Drawing for Gravity (increase Drawing for Gravity (increase in distance)in distance)

GravitationaGravitational Pulll Pull

Which will have a greater Which will have a greater gravitational pull?gravitational pull?

GravitationaGravitational Pulll Pull

Which will have a greater Which will have a greater gravitational pull?gravitational pull?

DistanceDistance

DistanceDistance

Orbit drawingOrbit drawing

Earth

Orbitt

Orbit ShapeOrbit Shape

*Orbits are not circles.* Orbits are slightly egg-shaped, which is called an ellipse, or elliptical orbit.

Orbit shape drawingOrbit shape drawing

Ellipse

InertiaInertia

The tendency of objects to keep doing what they are already doing. If an object is already in motion, it will stay in motion at that same speed and direction unless an outside force acts on it.

This is called Newton’s first law of motion.

InertiaInertia

Inertia would cause a planet to keep moving in a straight path, but an outside force must act on it in order for it to stay in orbit.

•This outside force is gravity.•The gravitational pull of the sun pulls the planet inward while the planet’s speed and directions pushes it outward. •When these are in balance, the planet remains in a curved path around the sun.

Inertia drawingInertia drawing

Earth

Inertia would keep planet moving in a straight path.

Gravity keeps the planet in orbit.

Lesson 4Lesson 4

Object’s Motion in the SkyObject’s Motion in the Sky

Lunar Eclipse TonightLunar Eclipse Tonight

Lunar Eclipse

Get out all notes on the solar system:

Introduction to the UniverseMotion of Objects in the Night

SkyComets, Meteors, Asteroids,

Planets

Lesson 4: Object’s Motion in the Lesson 4: Object’s Motion in the SkySky

Standard S6E1.dStandard S6E1.dExplain the motion of objects Explain the motion of objects in the day/night sky in terms in the day/night sky in terms

of relative position.of relative position.

Lesson 4: Object’s Motion in the Lesson 4: Object’s Motion in the SkySky

•The Earth spins from west to east.•Therefore, objects in the sky (planets, the sun, stars) appear to rise in the east and set in the west. •Revolution and rotation cause our view of the night sky to appear to change throughout the year. •Certain constellations might appear to change position in the night sky or look like they disappear.

Lesson 4: Object’s Motion in the Lesson 4: Object’s Motion in the SkySky

1. What 2 words describe the motion of the Earth?Rotation & revolution2 Define rotation. ( spinning)3. Define revolution. (movement of one object around another)4. How long does it take for the Earth to make one revolution?365 days

Lesson 4: Object’s Motion in the Lesson 4: Object’s Motion in the SkySky

5. How long does it take for the Earth to make one rotation? 24 hours6. A day and night is one complete ______rotation___________.7. A year is one complete ____revolution_________________. 8. The Earth is tilted on a ___axis________________ at an angle of ____23.5*_______.

Lesson 4: Object’s Motion in the Lesson 4: Object’s Motion in the SkySky

Standard S6E1.dStandard S6E1.dExplain the motion of objects Explain the motion of objects in the day/night sky in terms in the day/night sky in terms

of relative position.of relative position.

Video showing Constellation Video showing Constellation Changes in Night SkyChanges in Night Sky

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