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Lesson 5Lesson 5
The Ancient Fertile Crescent Area
The Ancient Fertile Crescent Area
The Middle East: “The Cradle of Civilization”
The Middle East: “The Cradle of Civilization”
SumeriansSumerians
Sumerian Religion - Polytheistic
Sumerian Religion - Polytheistic
Enki
Enki
Innana
Innana
Anthropomorphic Gods
Anthropomorphic Gods
Cuneiform: “Wedge-Shaped” Writing
Cuneiform: “Wedge-Shaped” Writing
Cuneiform WritingCuneiform Writing
Deciphering Cuneiform
Deciphering Cuneiform
Your Name
A View of The Nile by Satellite
A View of The Nile by Satellite
The Annual Flooding of the Nile
The Annual Flooding of the Nile
Nile Irrigation-the Shaduf
Nile Irrigation-the Shaduf
Some Famous Egyptian Pharaohs
Some Famous Egyptian Pharaohs
Ramses II1279-1212 B. C.
E.
Ramses II1279-1212 B. C.
E.Tutankhame
n1336-1327 B. C.
E.
Tutankhamen
1336-1327 B. C. E.
King Tutankhamen's Death Mask
King Tutankhamen's Death Mask
1336-1327 B. C. E.
1336-1327 B. C. E.
The Valley of the KingsThe Valley of the Kings
Archaeologist, Howard Carter (1922)
Archaeologist, Howard Carter (1922)
Egyptian Math & Draftsmanship
Egyptian Math & Draftsmanship
1 10 100 1000 10,000 100,000 1,000,000
What number is this?
What number is this?
Hieroglyphic
“Cartouche”
Hieroglyphic
“Cartouche”
Champollion & the Rosetta Stone
Champollion & the Rosetta Stone
Hieroglyphics “Alphabet”Hieroglyphics “Alphabet” 24 “letters” + 700 phonetic
symbols 24 “letters” + 700 phonetic
symbols
Your Name
Egyptians were also polytheistic
Egyptians were also polytheistic
Osiris Isis HorusOsiris Isis Horus
Egyptian MummiesEgyptian Mummies
Seti I1291-1278 B.
C. E.
Seti I1291-1278 B.
C. E.Queen Tiye,
wife of Amenhotep II
1210-1200 B. C. E.
Queen Tiye, wife of
Amenhotep II1210-1200 B. C. E.
Ramses II1279-1212 B.
C. E.
Ramses II1279-1212 B.
C. E.
Ankhenaton: First Monotheist?
Ankhenaton: First Monotheist?
1352-1336 B. C. E.
1352-1336 B. C. E.
The Ankh – The “Cross” of Life
The Ankh – The “Cross” of Life
The Assyrian EmpireThe Assyrian Empire
Assyrian Military Power
Assyrian Military Power
Assyrian soldiers carrying away the enemy’s
gods.
Assyrian soldiers carrying away the enemy’s
gods.
Babylon under the Chaldeans
Babylon under the Chaldeans
Alexander the Great & the Hellenization of the Near
East
Alexander the Great & the Hellenization of the Near
East
Herod the Great’s Kingdom
Herod the Great’s Kingdom
Roman PalestineRoman Palestine
The Spread of Christianity
The Spread of Christianity
The Jewish Diaspora
The Jewish Diaspora
Expansion of the Muslims622-632 Under Muhammad632-661 Under Patriarchal Caliphate661-750 Under Umayyad Caliphate
The Golden Age of the Ottomans
The Ottoman Capital -- Constantinople
Ottoman Empire Split up• Ottoman Empire joined into World War I• On the German side• Germany lost• The allies chopped up the Empire into
smaller sections
The end of the Ottoman Empire
Recent History & conflicts in the Middle East
Lesson #5
EVENTS in AFGANISTAN 1.Soviets invaded 19792.Soviets retreated 1989 in failure
what failed?
Soviets invade Afghanistan, 1979
A mujahideen fighters
1975 rebellion broke out1978 modernization laws1979 Rebellions flared – became violentAfghan government requested military aid from Soviet UnionUSSR invaded 1979
click
Watch first one min
1. Who invaded Afghanistan?
2. How many Afghanis died?
3. Who supported the rebels?
Chaos broke out in coming years Afghan
government disintegrated
Soviets provided only stability
Resistance fighters appear
Mujahedeen
“Mujahedeen” forms to resist
Osama joins the fightUSA supplied weapons to rebels
Usāmah bin Lādin
Mujahadeen started to win
Soviets retreat home, 1989
Soviets leaving Afghanistan Stinger Missile – contributed to end for Soviets
Ten years went bySoviets took a beatingRealized war was unwinnableSoviets evacuated _______We proudly “beat” Soviets
Taliban government
After soviets left, there was no government.Taliban appeared and took over…
But, 10 years of war, and Afghanistan was A MESSWe did not stay to help clean up
VERY strict society developed
Al Qaeda flourished
Impressions
How did Osama become to angry at the USA?
What will happen next?
