POSTPOSITIONAL PHRASE

PER MEIN

Saba Urooj

Center for Language Engineering (UET)

Postpositions in Urdu

• Urdu uses postpositions that follow the noun

(rather than prepositions of English that

precede the noun).

• Kitab meiz par hai. Book is on the table.• Kitab meiz par hai. Book is on the table.

• Following the noun Preceding the non

• Post-position Pre-position

PP (NP + PP)

PP

N PP

postpositions prepositions

sey from

per on

PP

Bazaar sey

from the market

PP

Meiz per

on the table

Practice

Bazar sey

From the market

Hostel sey

From the hostel

Cholhey per

On the stove

Degchi per

On the pot

Practice

Bring melons

from the market.

___ ____ ____ .

Bring umbrella

from the hostel.

Vocabulary

kharboza (m)

melon

chhatri (f)

umbrellafrom the hostel.

___ ____ ____.

Cook lentils

on the stove.

___ ____ ____.

Put the lid

on the pot.

___ ____ ____.

PP (NP + PP)

PP

N PP

postpositions prepositions

sey, key sath with

mein in

PP

chhuri sey

with the knife

PP

class mein

in the class

Practice

Kaantey sey

With the fork

Romaal sey

Vocabulary

romaal (m)

napkin

gali (f)

street

With the napkin

Lahore mein

In Lahore

Gali mein

In the street

street

Practice

Eat water melon

with the fork.

___ ____ ____ .

Clean hands

with the napkin.

Vocabulary

tarbooz (m)

water melon

mausam (m)

weatherwith the napkin.

___ ____ ____.

There is hot weather

in Lahore.

___ ____ ____.

There is noise

in the street.

___ ____ ____.

shour (m)

noise

PP (NP + PP)

PP

N PP

postpositions prepositions

ka of

PP

hostal ka

of the hostel

PP

class ka

of the class

Practice

hostel ka

of the hostel

class ka

of the class

Lahore ka

of Lahore

UET ki

of UET

Practice

This is the room

of the hostel.

___ ____ ____ .

This is the boy

of our class. of our class.

___ ____ ____.

This is the station

of Lahore.

___ ____ ____.

This is the bus

of UET.

___ ____ ____.

PP (NP + PP)

PP

N PP

postpositions prepositions

kay under inside

kay bahir outside

PP

hostel kay under

inside the hostel

PP

kitaar kay bahir

outside the queue

Practice

hostel kay under

inside the hostel

kitaar kay under

inside the queue

kitaar kay bahir

outside the queue

UET kay bahir

outside UET

Practice

Guard is

outside the hostel.

___ ____ ____ .

Stand

inside the queue.

Vocabulary

choukidaar (m)

guard

kitaar (f)

queueinside the queue.

___ ____ ____.

You are

outside the queue.

___ ____ ____.

Mosque is

outside UET.

___ ____ ____.

masjid (f)

mosque

kharey hona

to stand

PP (NP + PP)

PP

N PP

postpositions prepositions

kay aagey, kay samney in front of

kay peechey behind

PP

UET kay samney

in front of UET

PP

bus adey kay peechey

behind the bus stop

Practice

UET kay samney

in front of UET

bus adey kay peechey

behind the bus stop

bank kay samney

in front of bank

IBM kay peechey

behind IBM

Practice

Patrol pump is

in front of UET.

___ ____ ____ .

Café is

behind the bus stop.

___ ____ ____.

Vocabulary

ajaeb ghar (m)

museum

___ ____ ____.

Museum is

in front of bank.

___ ____ ____.

The building of

Automotive is

behind IBM.

___ ____ ____.

• Alan kahan hai? Where is Alan?

• Donna kahan hai? Where is Donna?

Oblique Form

• The Nouns in Urdu change to oblique form

when they are followed by a postpositions.

Singular Plural

Masculine Nouns

ending in vowels

‘a’ sound changes to ‘ey’ ‘ey’ sound changes to ‘oon’

lark-a boy

lark-ey mein in the boy

lark-ey boys

lark-oon mein in the boys

Practice

lark-a boy

lark-ey mein in the boy

lark-ey boys

lark-oon mein in the boys

lark-a boy

___ ____ from the boy

lark-ey boys

___ ____ from the boys___ ____ from the boy ___ ____ from the boys

tot-a parrot

___ ____ with the parrot

tot-ey parrots

___ ____ with the parrots

bachch-ah kid

___ ____ from the kid

bachch-ey kids

___ ____ from the kids

Practice

There is goodness in the

boy.

___ ____ ____ .

There is goodness in the

boys.

___ ____ ____ .

Take notes from the boy.

___ ____ ____ .

Take notes from the boys.

___ ____ ____ .___ ____ ____ . ___ ____ ____ .

Play with the parrot.

___ ____ ____ .

Play with the parrots.

___ ____ ____ .

Ask the ball from the kid.

___ ____ ____ .

Ask the ball from the kids.

___ ____ ____ .

Oblique Form

• The Nouns in Urdu change to oblique form

when they are followed by a postpositions.

Singular Plural

Masculine Nouns

ending in

consonants

No change we add ‘oon’

ghar house

ghar mein in the house

ghar houses

ghar-oon mein in the houses

Practice

ghar house

ghar mein in the house

ghar house

ghar-oon mein in the houses

phal fruit

___ ____ in the fruit

phal fruits

___ ____ in the fruits___ ____ in the fruit ___ ____ in the fruits

marker marker

___ ____ with the marker

marker markers

___ ____ with the markers

glass glass

___ ____ in the glass

glass glasses

___ ____ in the glasses

Practice

Boy is in the house.

___ ____ ____ .

Boys are in the houses.

___ ____ ____ .

There are seeds in the fruit.

___ ____ ____ .

There are seeds in the fruits.

___ ____ ____ .___ ____ ____ . ___ ____ ____ .

Write with the marker.

___ ____ ____ .

Write with the markers.

___ ____ ____ .

Pour water in the glass.

___ ____ ____ .

Pour water in the glasses.

___ ____ ____ .

Oblique Form

• The Nouns in Urdu change to oblique form

when they are followed by a postpositions.

Singular Plural

Feminine Nouns

ending in vowels

No change ‘ian’ sound changes to ‘ioon’

rot-i bread

rot-i mein in the bread

rot-ian breads

rot-ioon mein in the breads

Practice

rot-i bread

rot-i mein in the bread

rot-ian breads

rot-ioon mein in the breads

kurs-i chair

___ ____ on the chair

kurs-ian chairs

___ ____ on the chairs___ ____ on the chair ___ ____ on the chairs

mool-i radish

___ ____ on the radish

mool-ian radishes

___ ____ on the radishes

almar-i cupboard

___ ____ in the cupboard

almar-ian cupboards

___ ____ in the cupboards

Practice

There is salt in the bread.

___ ____ ____ .

There is salt in the breads.

___ ____ ____ .

Sit on the chair.

___ ____ ____ .

Sit on the chairs.

___ ____ ____ .___ ____ ____ . ___ ____ ____ .

Sprinkle salt on the radish.

___ ____ ____ .

Sprinkle salt on the radishes.

___ ____ ____ .

Put towel in the cupboard.

___ ____ ____ .

Put towels in the cupboards.

___ ____ ____ .

Oblique Form

• The Nouns in Urdu change to oblique form

when they are followed by a postpositions.

Singular Plural

Feminine Nouns

ending in

consonants

No change ‘ain’ sound change to ‘oon’

kitab book

kitab mein in the book

kitab-ain books

kitab-oon mein in the books

Practice

kitab book

kitab sey from the book

kitab-ain books

kitab-oon sey from the books

meiz table

___ ____ on the table

maiz-ain tables

___ ____ on the tables___ ____ on the table ___ ____ on the tables

gaind ball

___ ____ with the ball

gaind-ain balls

___ ____ with the balls

palait plate

___ ____ in the plate

palait-ain plates

___ ____ in the plates

Practice

Read from the book.

___ ____ ____ .

Read from the books.

___ ____ ____ .

The book is on the table.

___ ____ ____ .

The books are on the tables.

___ ____ ____ .___ ____ ____ . ___ ____ ____ .

Play with the ball.

___ ____ ____ .

Play with the balls.

___ ____ ____ .

Put salan in the plate.

___ ____ ____ .

Put salan in the plates.

___ ____ ____ .

• The Nouns in Urdu change to oblique form

when they are followed by a postpositions.

Singular Plural

Masculine Nouns

ending in vowels

lark-a boy

lark-ey mein in the boy

lark-ey boys

lark-oon mein in the boys

Masculine Nouns

ending in consonants

ghar house

ghar mein in the house

ghar houses

ghar-oon mein in the houses

Feminine Nouns

ending in vowels

rot-i bread

rot-i mein in the bread

rot-ian breads

rot-ioon mein in the breads

Feminine Nouns

ending in consonants

kitab book

kitab mein in the book

kitab-ain books

kitab-oon mein in the books

• The Nouns in Urdu change to oblique form

when they are followed by a postpositions.

Singular Plural

Masculine Nouns ending in

vowels

‘a’ sound changes to ‘ey’ ‘ey’ sound changes to ‘oon’

Masculine Nouns ending in

consonants

No change we add ‘oon’

Feminine Nouns ending in

vowels

No change ‘ian’ sound changes to

‘ioon’

Feminine Nouns ending in

consonants

No change ‘ain’ sound change to ‘oon’