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Why study communication? How long has the field existed? How the field evolved over time? How research conducted?. How to define? What process and skills? What are “two levels” of meaning? What careers?. Lesson Objectives (Focus Questions). What Mike Does in a Day…. - PowerPoint PPT Presentation
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The Filed of CommunicationThe Filed of Communication 11
Lesson Objectives Lesson Objectives (Focus Questions)(Focus Questions)
Why study Why study communication?communication?
How long has the field How long has the field existed?existed?
How the field evolved How the field evolved over time?over time?
How research How research conducted?conducted?
How to define?How to define? What process and What process and
skills?skills? What are “two levels” What are “two levels”
of meaning?of meaning? What careers?What careers?
The Filed of CommunicationThe Filed of Communication 22
What Mike Does in a Day…What Mike Does in a Day…
E-Mail vs. Communication in PersonE-Mail vs. Communication in Person Individual vs. TeamIndividual vs. Team Creating “Climate”Creating “Climate” Planning InterviewsPlanning Interviews Date (Relationship)Date (Relationship) Speech to a GroupSpeech to a Group
The Filed of CommunicationThe Filed of Communication 33
Importance of CommunicationImportance of Communication
We talk, listen, think, ask, answer, share We talk, listen, think, ask, answer, share ideas… So much communication in a day.ideas… So much communication in a day.
Personal LifePersonal Life Building Personal IdentityBuilding Personal Identity Promoting HealthPromoting Health
Personal RelationshipsPersonal Relationships MarriageMarriage Family, Parent-child, Friends,…Family, Parent-child, Friends,…
The Filed of CommunicationThe Filed of Communication 44
Importance of Communication Importance of Communication (2)(2)
Professional LifeProfessional Life Critical for Career Success (Talk & Listen)Critical for Career Success (Talk & Listen)
• Express Ideas, Giving & Gaining Support, Gaining Express Ideas, Giving & Gaining Support, Gaining CooperationCooperation
Civic LifeCivic Life For the the Health of SocietyFor the the Health of Society Required for DemocracyRequired for Democracy
• Expressing Ideas, Claiming, Presenting & Listen to Expressing Ideas, Claiming, Presenting & Listen to ArgumentArgument
The Filed of CommunicationThe Filed of Communication 55
History of the FieldHistory of the Field
Began more than 2500 yrs agoBegan more than 2500 yrs ago Rhetoric and Democratic LifeRhetoric and Democratic Life
Rhetoric born mid-400s B.C. on Isle of SyracuseRhetoric born mid-400s B.C. on Isle of Syracuse Ancient Philosophers-Plato, Aristotle & Isocrates: Ancient Philosophers-Plato, Aristotle & Isocrates:
• Rhetoric as Central to Civic LifeRhetoric as Central to Civic Life• Teaching Citizens: Analyze Listeners, Discover Ideas, Teaching Citizens: Analyze Listeners, Discover Ideas,
Organize Messages, Develop Proof, and Deliver SpeechesOrganize Messages, Develop Proof, and Deliver Speeches• Aristotle’s 3 Cornerstones of Persuasion: Ethos, Pathos, Aristotle’s 3 Cornerstones of Persuasion: Ethos, Pathos,
Logos (see p. 22)Logos (see p. 22) Ethos: speaker’s credibilityEthos: speaker’s credibility Pathos: listener’s emotionPathos: listener’s emotion Logos: proofs and reasoningLogos: proofs and reasoning
The Filed of CommunicationThe Filed of Communication 66
History of the Field History of the Field (2)(2)
Liberal EducationLiberal Education Public speaking taught in colleges (Europe & Public speaking taught in colleges (Europe &
U.S)U.S) Dewey: Progressive thinking and citizen Dewey: Progressive thinking and citizen
participationparticipation After WW I & IIAfter WW I & II
Social Issues: Prejudice, Propaganda, Social Issues: Prejudice, Propaganda, Attitude & Belief ChangesAttitude & Belief Changes
The Filed of CommunicationThe Filed of Communication 77
History of the Field History of the Field (3)(3)
Mid- 20Mid- 20thth Century Century Scientific, empirical research gaining Scientific, empirical research gaining
prominenceprominence Research & Professional GroupsResearch & Professional Groups
1960-701960-70 Civil Rights, Women’s Movement, Civil Rights, Women’s Movement,
Interpersonal CommunicationInterpersonal Communication Michel Foucault (French)Michel Foucault (French)
Ideas about “Power”Ideas about “Power”
The Filed of CommunicationThe Filed of Communication 88
Research in CommunicationResearch in Communication
Quantitative ResearchQuantitative Research Descriptive Statistics, Survey, ExperimentDescriptive Statistics, Survey, Experiment
Qualitative ResearchQualitative Research Looking into meaning, function…Looking into meaning, function… Textual Analysis, Ethnography, Historical StudyTextual Analysis, Ethnography, Historical Study
Critical ResearchCritical Research Identify & Challenge Communication PracticesIdentify & Challenge Communication Practices To Advance Social AwarenessTo Advance Social Awareness
The Filed of CommunicationThe Filed of Communication 99
Defining CommunicationDefining Communication
Communication as “a systemic process in which Communication as “a systemic process in which people interact with and through symbols to people interact with and through symbols to create and interpret meanings”create and interpret meanings”
FeaturesFeatures Process: dynamic and ever-changingProcess: dynamic and ever-changing Systemic: interrelated parts, context, surroundingsSystemic: interrelated parts, context, surroundings Symbolic: abstract, arbitrary, ambiguous Symbolic: abstract, arbitrary, ambiguous
representationsrepresentations Meanings: created by symbols through interactionsMeanings: created by symbols through interactions
• Content level of meaningContent level of meaning• Relationship level of meaningRelationship level of meaning
The Filed of CommunicationThe Filed of Communication 1010
Models of CommunicationModels of Communication
Linear Models (p. 23)Linear Models (p. 23) Laswell (1948): Who Says What in What Channel to Laswell (1948): Who Says What in What Channel to
Whom with What Effect?Whom with What Effect? Shannon & Weaver (1949): “Noise” introducedShannon & Weaver (1949): “Noise” introduced
Interactive Models (p. 24)Interactive Models (p. 24) Schramm (1955): “Feedback” addedSchramm (1955): “Feedback” added
Transactional Models (p. 25)Transactional Models (p. 25) Wood (1997): Non-sequential, simultaneous, Wood (1997): Non-sequential, simultaneous,
changing over timechanging over time
The Filed of CommunicationThe Filed of Communication 1111
Breadth of the FieldBreadth of the Field
Intrapersonal Communication: Intrapersonal Communication: self-talk, “thinking”self-talk, “thinking”
Interpersonal Communication: Interpersonal Communication: between peoplebetween people
Performance StudiesPerformance Studies performing personal, professional, social identitiesperforming personal, professional, social identities
Group & Team Communication: Group & Team Communication: leadership, roles, group goals, cohesion (fantasy leadership, roles, group goals, cohesion (fantasy
themes)themes)
The Filed of CommunicationThe Filed of Communication 1212
Breadth of the Field Breadth of the Field (2)(2)
Public Communication: Public Communication: speak to others, credibility, persuasionspeak to others, credibility, persuasion
Organizational Communication: Organizational Communication: leadership, commitment, decision making, leadership, commitment, decision making,
organizational cultureorganizational culture Mass CommunicationMass Communication
media, stereotypes media, stereotypes
The Filed of CommunicationThe Filed of Communication 1313
Breadth of the Field Breadth of the Field (3)(3)
Technologies of CommunicationTechnologies of Communication human community, information & knowledgehuman community, information & knowledge
Intercultural CommunicationIntercultural Communication meanings & culturesmeanings & cultures
Ethics and CommunicationEthics and Communication relationships, rights, moral principlesrelationships, rights, moral principles
The Filed of CommunicationThe Filed of Communication 1414
Unifying Themes and Unifying Themes and Processes in the FieldProcesses in the Field
Unifying ThemesUnifying Themes Symbolic activitiesSymbolic activities MeaningMeaning EthicsEthics
Basic ProcessesBasic Processes Perceiving & UnderstandingPerceiving & Understanding Creating Interaction ClimatesCreating Interaction Climates Engaging in Verbal CommunicationEngaging in Verbal Communication Engaging in Non-verbal CommunicationEngaging in Non-verbal Communication Listening & RespondingListening & Responding Adapting to ContextsAdapting to Contexts
The Filed of CommunicationThe Filed of Communication 1515
Careers in CommunicationCareers in Communication
ResearchResearch EducationEducation Mass CommunicationMass Communication Training & ConsultingTraining & Consulting Human Relations, Human Development & Human Relations, Human Development &
ManagementManagement