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Charles Martel
Who forced the Muslims out of France in the Battle of Tours
Pope Urban II
What was the name of the Pope who Called for the 1st Crusade?
William the Conqueror
After the Battle of Hastings in 1066, He was crowned King of England?
Charlemagne
Who was Charles the Great?
Saladin
Who was the Muslim leader who fought against Richard the Lion heart?
Joan of Arc
Who was the Peasant Girl who led the French in the 100 year’s War?
Thomas Aquinas
Who claimed that natural law gave people certain RIGHTS that the
government should never have the ability to take away
King John
Who was the English King that signed the Magna Carta?
Many Kingdoms
After the Fall of the Roman Empire, what was Western Europe divided up into?
Feudalism
Landowning Nobles governed and protected the people in return for services – Land for
Loyalty.
Black Rats
Black Death was caused by disease infested fleas that were carried to
Europe on the backs of…?
Development of Independent countries, culture, & Languages
Mountains and Rivers cut off kingdoms from expanding. What did it encourage?
Centers for trade
Why did cities like Venice flourished as a result of the Crusades?
Emperor of the New Roman Empire.
What title did the Pope give Charlemagne?
Set standards on how goods were made
Set Prices
Set Standards on Quality
Why were Guilds Important?
Education
What did Charlemagne believe in? He felt everyone in his kingdom
should Have one
Vernacular Language
What does one call a common everyday type of speech?
Torture
During the Inquisition, what would happen to heretics?
Grand Jury Trial
A Trial that decides whether or not a person is accused of a crime?
Plague
What is a disease that spreads quickly and kills many people?
German
Italian
English
French
Spanish
What are some of the common vernacular languages of Western Europe?
Trial Jury
What is a court case that decides whether a person is guilty or innocent?
Crusades & Black Death
What caused the break down of the feudal system in Western Europe?
Their Land
What did the Nobles have to sell to help finance the Crusade?
Serfs
What group of people were able to buy their freedom and own land as a result of
Nobles selling their property and the break down of the Feudal System?
Power went back to the King
With the selling of noble land marked the end of feudalism, The power shifted from
nobles back to who?
France & England
The 100 year’s war was fought between what 2 Countries?
Black Death
What was the name of the Plague that ripped through Western Europe in the
Middle Ages
China
Black Death was brought to Europe by Black Rats from where?
Silk Road
What Trade route carried these High Jacking Rats to Europe?
Stained Glass Windows
What feature were Gothic Cathedrals known for?
The Power of the King
What did the Magna Carta Limit?
Parliament
In England was one the first types of representative government. What was it
called?
Spain and Portugal
What 2 countries make up the Iberian Peninsula?
Muslims
Christians on the Iberian Peninsula struggled against what group?
Crowded
Polluted
Smelly
Dirty
Unhealthy
What were the cities like during the Middle Ages?
Connecting Western Europe and Asia through the Silk
Road
Why did trade increase after the Crusades?
The King
The Feudal System Who owns all the Land in the Kingdom?
Nobles – Lords & Ladies
Who is a Vassal to the King?
Loyalty
Protection
Taxes
What do Nobles give to the King in return for the land granted?
Knights - they receive land in return for protection
Who are Vassals to the Nobles?
Serfs
Who were vassals to the Nobles and the Knights
Food
What did the serfs give back to the nobles and knights in return
for land
