Letter Openers - Canadian Society for Asian Arts · 2014. 8. 27. · Jaitin Motangon, (Rungus) R. egion: Kudat, Sabah. MALAYSIA INDIGENOUS COMMUNITIES APPLIED ARTS EXHIBITION. Pandanus

MALAYSIA INDIGENOUS COMMUNITIES APPLIED ARTS EXHIBIT ION

Traditional Mah Meri masks inspired the design of these carved sculptural letter-openers. These well-crafted, authentic carvings are popular among tourist-collectors often shopping for light-weight gifts for friends and families on return travel to their homes.

Letter Openers

Date: 2010Material: Nyireh batu wood, a species of mangrove treeMaker: Samri and Lijah (Mah Meri) Region: Kg. Sg. Bumbun, Pulau Carey, Selangor


The light natural coloured surfaces of the wooden boxes are first dyed with lampblack and leaf sap. These traditionally inspired designs are hand carved into the wood. In recent years these boxes have been scaled down from the traditional large box format to create smaller boxes. These boxes are used to store jewellery and other items or used as a gift box.

Betel Boxes

Kampil /pati kzau, Betel Boxes Date: 2009Materials: Wood, lampblack-didu and leaf sap binder-vandahanMaker: Jaitin Motangon, (Rungus)Region: Kudat, Sabah


Pandanus strips (hake) are prepared by the weavers from pandanus plant leaves gathered from garden plantings or purchased from local markets. The pouches were originally used to contain tobacco, betel quid or money. These days, the colourful pouches are used as purses, card-holders and covers for hand phones.

Pandanus pouch

Bujam Lipo’ Halus,curlwork pouchDate: 2011Material: Hake, processed, dyedpandanus stripsMaker: Isam@Ramlan’n Layok(Mah Meri)Region: Kg. Sg. Bumbun, PulauCarey, Selangor

Bujam Lipo, curlwork pouchDate: 2011Material: Hake, processed, dyedpandanus stripsMaker: Mukot@ Kukot Karam(Mah Meri)Region: Kg. Sg. Bumbun, PulauCarey, Selangor

Kepit Mengkuang, pandanus boxDate: 2011Material: Hake, processed, dyedpandanus stripsMaker: Liah (Jakun)Region: Kg. Simpai, Pekan,Pahang

Bujam Sepit, pandanus pouchDate: 2011Materials: Hake, processed, dyedpandanus stripsMaker: Gandoi Peah (Mah Meri)Region: Kg. Sg. Bumbun, PulauCarey, Selangor

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4 Bujam Sepit Kasar, pandanuspouchDate: 2011Material: Hake, processed, dyedpandanus stripsMaker: Ganda Yad (Mah Meri)Region: Kg. Sg. Bumbun, PulauCarey, Selangor

5 Bujam Sepit, pandanus pouchDate: 2011Material: Hake, processed, dyedpandanus stripsMaker: Gandai Pelah (Mah Meri)Region: Kg. Sg. Bumbun, PulauCarey, Selangor

6 Bujam Sepit, pandanus pouchDate: 2011Material: Hake, processed, dyedpandanus stripsMaker: Jura (Mah Meri)Region: Kg. Sg. Bumbun Pulau Carey, Selangor

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These “anyaman dawud “ decorative woven and plaited strips are used as decorations for ceremonies and to honour the spirits. They are also used for weddings, birthdays, funerals and prayers for special occasions.

Most of the decorative forms are crafted from nipah palm leaves. There are many symbolic designs, some with names like gombe (dolphine) and keris (traditional knives).

Ancestor FlowersFestive Decorations

Date: 2011Material: Woven nipah leaveletsMakers: Tompoq Topoh, Woman’s ‘First Weave’ Initiative group, (Mah Meri)Region: Kg.Sg. Bumbun, Pulau Carey, Selangor


“In old days the men would take these puzzles on trips to the jungle. If they cannot solve this game they believe they will not be able to find your way jungle. Today boys and girls play this game and they just for the fun of it. I sell these puzzles to many tourists both Malay and visitors from around the world that visit the Orang Asli Museum in Gombak” –Noraishah, age 11

Jah Re-Noi Jungle Puzzle

Jah re-noi, Jungle PuzzleDate: 2010Materials: Chong, Rattan and nylon stringMaker: Raman Bah Tuin (Semai)Region: Kg. Rantau, Ringlet, Cameron Highland, Pahang

Jah re-noi, Jungle PuzzleDate: 2010Materials: Chong, Rattan and nylon stringMaker: Babola (Semai)Region: Kuala Lipis, Pahang

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“The tudung saji is a type of food cover used by Malaysians, especially those in rural areas. The food covers are woven in a specific technique called triaxial or hexagonal weave, wherethe strands are plaited in three directions. The brilliant colours and patterns in this collection are enjoyed for their mathematical geometry, artistry and function.” -Daud Mohamad,

Faculty of Computer and Mathematical Sciences (UITM)

Tudung Saji Food Covers

Tudung Saji, Food CoversDate: 2011Material: Dyed pandanus stripsMaker: Unknown, (Bajau)Region: Kota Belud, Sabah


“The sash was worn during festivals by beauty queens. Today we wear the sash for a modern way. An Iban weaver who excelled in skill and was spiritually strong enough to realize the potent designs revealed to her in dreams, received the title ‘orang pandai’ (learned) and respect equal to that enjoyed by a successful warrior.”—Kim Jane Saunders.

Textiles selected from the Tung Jugah Foundation

Ikat Sashes

SashDate: 2010Materials: Cotton, Engkerebaileaves dyeMaker: Menggan Anak Oton(Iban)Region: Meradong, Sarawak

SashDate: 2010Materials: Cotton, Engkerebaileaves dyeMaker: Shirley Vilan Anak Ikok(Iban)Region: Pending, Kuching, Sarawak

SashDate: 2010Materials: Cotton, Engkerebaileaves dyeMaker: Santy Anak Nyuin (Iban)Region: Apong,Kuching, Sarawak

SashDate: 2010Materials: Cotton, Engkerebaileaves dyeMaker: Tida Anak Banta (Iban)Region: Batu Kawa, Sarawak

SashDate: 2010Materials: Cotton, Engkerebaileaves dyeMaker: Marry Anak Nyuin (Iban)Region: Meradong, Sarawak

SashDate: 2010Materials: Cotton, Engkerebaileaves dyeMaker: Marry Jenoh (Iban)Region: Batu Kawa, Sarawak

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The nomadic Penan people of Sarawak are famous for their finely made band mats all traditionally made with natural rattan fibres, geometric patterns and colours.

Containers-Baskets

Date: 2011Material: RattanMaker: Unknown, (Penan)Region: Long Iman, Mulu, Sarawak

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Different fish traps are used to fish from either slow or fast-moving streams, they are designed and produced in a diverse range of forms to enable the capture of both large and small fish.

Fish trap

Bubu Pachok, “Pregnant” fishtrapDate: 2009Materials: Palm fibre and rattanMaker: Angah Anjang, (Temiar)Region: Kg. Peralong, Kuala Betis, Gua Musang, Kelantan


Ancestral masks in this grouping were carved at the community carving shed at Carey Island.

“I learned how to make the mask since I was 17. My teacher was my grandfather and dad. Today I enjoy making the different masks.”– Alias Bin Sayor

Ancestor Masks

Moyang BojosDate: 2011Materials: ‘NyirehBatu’ woodMaker: Alias Bin Sayor (Mah Meri)Region: Kg. Sg. Bumbun, PulauCarey, Selangor

Moyang Tok NaningDate: 2011Materials: ‘NyirehBatu’ woodMaker: Alias Bin Sayor (MahMeri) Region: Kg. Sg. Bumbun, PulauCarey, Selangor

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Traditionally, Kucau were used while bathing or for scooping up water from a shallow well or river creek. These days Kucau are used to serve food, as planters and for other decorative and functional purposes.

Kucau Water Scoops

Kucau, Water scoop

Date: 2011Materials: Areca palm sheath, dried rattanMaker: Kampit Ayo (Semelai)Region: Kg. Gao, Pos Iskandar, Tasek Bera, Pahang


Kerton were, traditionally, small containers for used for keeping gambir, areca nut or tobacco. The striking colours and geometric forms look, very much like modern designs. They can be re-arranged and used for storage containers or as decorative sculptural objects.

Kerton Stacking Containers

“Three in One Nesters”Date: 2010Materials: : Processed and dyed pandanus stripsMaker: Salbiah Tan (Jakun)Region: Kg. Simpai, Pekan, Pahang


Blowpipes are weapons used throughout indigenous communities in Malaysia. It is a hunting tool for live food such as squirrels, wild boar and birds. An experienced hunter can accurately hit his target at marvelous speed with a single blow at one end of the blowpipe.

These blow pipes are used for outdoor sport (supervision required). Although scaled-down, these blowpipes are usable; the darts are kept in the leug container.

Blowpipes, darts and containers

Blowpipes Blau, Leug darts &containersDate: 2010Materials: Smokedbamboo, palm fibre, wood and rattanMaker: Busu Ngah, (Temiar)Region: Gua Musang, Kelantan


One of the most iconic Malaysian design is the traditional floor mat used for sleeping or as floor carpets during the day. “We make the mats from Mengkuang leaves. We started planting since 2007 and then the government gave us funds to replant. It takes one 1 1/2 years for the leaves to mature. Our teachers were our parents passed on from one generation to the other. We feel proud doing this weaving because it our contribution to our villages…our husbands are proud that we weave.” – Maznah Anak Unyan

Floor Mats

Date: 2011Materials: ScrewpineMaker: Maznah Anak Unyan andJulida Binti Uju (Mah Meri)Region: Kg. Sg. Bumbun, PulauCarey, Selangor


Tudung Duang is the local (Kota Belud, Sabah, Malaysia) version of a food cover made from pandanus leaves to protect your food from flies and insects. They also make nice decorative items, being available in bright colours, sometimes with motifs.

Serdang handicrafts are traditionally handwoven by the Bajau community. Home made dyes are used to turn them into a variety of colours.They are then sewn together to form pattern on the Tudung Duang. Besides being used traditionally as food covers, it is also used nowadays as beautiful home decorations.

Tudung Duang Food Covers

Tudung Duang Food cover-container setDate: 2011Material: Serdang leaves, dyed thread and nailsMaker: Sadi b. Basar @ Basa, (Bajau)Region: Kota Belud, Sabah


“In the early days there were no blankets, so we made them to cover (pua) the body for sleep. Pua patterns have been used to adorn modern dresses, shirt and scaft—proudly worn by Iban during celebrations and party functions. The interest in weaving is definitely on the increase. In many ways, Ikat fabrics could be ‘the ties that bind’ Ibans closer together.” –Datin Amar Margaret Linggi, The Ties that Bind, Iban Ikat Weaving.

Pua Cloth

Pua ClothDate: 2010Materials: Cotton, morindamengkudu root dyeMaker: Janun Anak Jilin (Iban)Region: Sungai Kian, Sarawak &Tun Jugah Foundation, Kuching,Sarawak


....”The indigenous people of Sarawak have since long ago been associated with beadwork for adornment as well as for ceremonial purposes. Here, beads tradition goes back to the very remote past. Because traditional beads are scarce now, we started making these ceramic beads”.... –Patricia Busak (Lun Bawang)

ClayBeads

Date: 2011Materials: glazed ceramicMaker: Lun Bawan womenRegion: Lawas, Sarawak


The design of fiber coil work, used to weave leug (blowpipe dart covers), inspired the crafting of these new product. The ornamental bangles and rings in this grouping are created from rattan vine split into four loops which provide framework for the bangle. In olden days bangles were worn to protect the person from harmful spirits.

Bangles and Finger Rings

Bangles and ringsDate: 2011Materials: Rattan, fern fibreMaker: Daie Pandak (Temiar)Region: Pos Balar, Gua Musang, Kelantan

Hand RingsDate: 2011Materials: Paku Pakis, fern fibre, rattanMaker: Egim Kahei (Orang Ulu)Region: Uma Kahei, Longhouse, Belaga, Sarawak

BanglesDate: 2011Materials: Rattan, fern fibreMaker: Along Betis (Temiar)Region: Pos Tohoi, Gua Musang, Kelantan

Bangle-braceletsDate: 2011Materials: Paku Pakis. ferm fibreMaker: Egim Along (Orang Ulu)Region: Uma Kahei, Longhouse. Belaga, Sarawak

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These functional sieves are still in use today in the homes of Malaysians in spite of the availability of inferior plastic examples. The sieves, trays and containers included in this grouping are collected by home-makers, tourists and museums alike. In indigenous communities around the globe, baskets are made, primarily for functional purposes, although craftsmanship and beauty have always been a factor in their design. The functional objects in this grouping of baskets include sieves, storage boxes and containers. Malaysian baskets reflect the diversity of indigenous communities who are inspired and influenced by generations of weavers and diffusion from others throughout Southeast Asia.

Functional Baskets

Kitchen SievesDate: 2011Materials: Bamboo and rattanMaker: Rity ak Ningkan (Iban)Region: Kg. Entayan Keropok,Serian, Sarawak

Rock Sugar ContainersDate: 2010Material: Striped bambooMaker: Edwin Sijan, (Bidayuh)Region: Serian, Sarawak

Rinago round containersDate: 2011Materials: Rattan and LingkongMaker: Nuriah Bt. Jamirun(Rungus)Region: Kudat, Sabah

Nyiru, Winnowing TrayDate: 2010Material: Rattan, bambooMaker:Unknown, TemiarRegion: Kuala Kangsar, Pera

Ambung /RagaDate: 2010Material: Rattan, bambooMaker:Unknown, (Temiar/Semai)Region: Sg. Siput, Perak

Shallow TraysDate: 2011Material: Processed donax strips (Striped giant reed)Maker: Yongkokos Bandaak@Ongloko and Juvita Gani (Dusun)Region: Kg. Topokan, Tuaran,Sabah

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“Gong culture permeates South East Asia and Borneo, and there are many types of gong music ranging from court to village music. However the region is rich with other unique percussion instruments. Many of these imitated the rich sounds and rhythms of the jungle insects that were the time keepers, marking each hour of the day or night with specific sounds. Many of these local Malaysian percussion instruments have found their way tomusician’s collections around the world, and can be heard on CDs and movie soundtracks that enter our homes on a regular basis.” –Randy Raine-Reusch, Artistic Director, Consultant, Composer, Concert Artist

Percussion Instruments

Kiromboi, Rain-makerDate: 2011Materials: Local snail shell, bambooMaker: Unknown, (Bidayuh)Region: Bao, Sarawak

Canang / Bendai , Flat gongDate: 2009Material: BrassMaker: Darwin (Rungus)Region: Matunggong, Kudat, Sabah

Ketebong, War DrumDate: 2010Materials: Ironwood, goat skin, rattanMaker: Unknown, (IbanRegion: Sarawak

Balimbing / BuzzerDate: 2010Material: BambooMaker: UnknownRegion: Sabah

HarpDate: 2011Material: BambooMaker: Unknown, (Temiar)Region: Perak

Bungkau, Jaw harpDate: 2010Material: Polod palm stalkMaker: A. Topin, (Kadazandusun)Region: Kota Kinabalu, Sabah

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The knitted dolls were created to develop a new product, depicting stylized version of Sarawak’s traditional costumes. My close-knit family is not unlike the multi-racial population at large! says Swiss-born Heidi Munan, who is married to an Iban and has a truly international extended family.

Costume Dolls

Date: 2012Materials: Acrylic yarn, kapok, beads and recycled materials.Maker: Heidi MunanRegion: Kuching, Sarawak

Iban couple

Bidayuh couple

Kelabit and Lun Bawang ladies

Orang Ulu couple

Melanau couple

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Indigenous “Topi” and “Tempok” hats were created to keep people cool, protected from the sun and for ceremonial-festive occasions. These days both traditional and new hat designs are created for “Welcome Ceremonies” and are a popular fashion statement. These well-crafted hats are purchased by tourist and other fashion conscious women and men from around the globe.

Hats

Tempok Date: 2010Material: Daun mengkuang (Screwpine)Maker: Unknown, (Temiar) Region: Sg. Siput, Perak

Topi, Hat Date: 2010Material: RattanMaker: Unknown, (Bidayuh)Region: Serian, Sarawak

Tempok Date: 2010Material: Tobacco grassMaker: Unknown, (Temiar)Region: Sg. Siput, Perak

Topi, Hat Date: 2010Material: RattanMaker: Dayak Weavers in collaboration with Edric Ong, Design ConsultantRegion: Rumah Garie Longhouse, Ulu Kapit, Sarawak

Tapung Sek- Female Headdress Date: 2010Materials: Glass beads, pineapple fiber, human hair, goat furMaker: Balu Bungan (Kenyah Orang Ulu)Region: Baram, Miri, Sarawak

Seraung Dusan Hat Date: 2010Materials: Selingkawang, rattanMakers: Margaret bt. Kiet and John B. Poulus (Dusun)Region: Papar, Sabah

Woman’s Hat-Head gearDate: 2010Materials: Bemban , bamboo, ruambutan and mengkudu leaves for natural dyesMaker: Mahida Rikit (Murut)Region: Keningau, Sabah

Tapung Sek- Male Headdress Date: 2010Materials: Glass beads, pineapple fiber, human hair, goat furMaker: Balu Bungan (Kenyah Orang Ulu)Region: Baram, Miri, Sarawak

Woman’s HatDate: 2010Materials: Ilad root, nuper tangang barkMaker: Maria bt. Palong (Lundayeh)Region: Sipitang, Sabah

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....“Many of Jainal’s paintings and illustrations depict the traditional lifestyles of indigenous people in Sabah…Detailed illustrations and simple words bring to life memories of a boyhood spent in the Rungus longhouse and a world that is rapidly disappearing.”.... –Editor Daphane Lee, Publisher of Oneredflower.

Longhouse Days

Longhouse DaysDate: 2011Materials: Off-set lithographyMaker: Jainal Amambing (Rungus)Region: Kudat, Sabah


“The oldest beads yet discovered in Peninsula Malaysia, dating from about 2500 years ago, were found inside a granite grave in the Bernam Valley of south Perak.” In most parts of the world, beads have been used for trade, currency and show of status.

This grouping of necklaces contrasts of necklaces crafted from colourful glass beads and natural botanical seeds. Glass and ceramic beads have been imported into Malaysia over the centuries. What distinguishes the beads as Malaysian is how they have been strung and fashioned into necklaces, hats, beads, bracelets, charms, and garments. This is how the beads of Malaysia, particularly Sarawak and Sabah are distinguished.

Sources: : Zuliskandar Ramli, Nik Hassan Shuhaimi, Nik Abdul Rahman: BeadsTrade in Peninsular Malaysia. Based on Archeological Evidence, National University of Malaysia. Heidi Munon

Bead Necklaces

Bead necklacesDate: 2010Material: Imported glass beads Maker: Unknown (Rungas)Region: Kudat, Sabah

Botanical bead necklacesDate: 2008Material: Keryel seedsMaker: Ranman Bah Tuin (Semai)Region: Batu 12, Gombak, Selangor

Bead necklacesDate: 2011Materials: Glass beads and threadMaker: Nonjiring Mantuku, Inohiying @ Lonnie Ligon (Rungus)Region: Kudat, Sabah

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“I learned the tradition of Iban tattooing by researching in Iban communities across Sarawak. I hope to pass on my experience to future generations and to express myself and Iban tradition.” –Allanstair Dend

Tattoos sketches and tools

Pantang Rekung, throat tattoosDate: 2012Materials: Felt tip on paperMaker: Allanstair Dend (Iban)Region: Kuching, Sarawak

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Anak Gajah Berimbai, Young elephant Date: 2012Materials: Felt tip on paperMaker: Allanstair Dend (Iban)Region: Kuching, Sarawak

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Kayu Tatuk, Tapping stick and tapperDate: 2012Materials: Felt tip on paperMaker: Allanstair Dend (Iban)Region: Kuching, Sarawak

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“Malaysia is home to a number of unique musical instruments made with care using traditional methods. Although endangered for many years by a political push to modernize the indigenous people, there is a growing awareness in Malaysia of the importance of these unique communities found in both peninsular and East Malaysia. Musical instruments were associated with almost every aspect of daily life in these communities, from courtship to tattooing, and from planting to headhunting. These traditions are growing partially with the success of the Rainforest World Music Festival in Sarawak, each year bringing thousands of tourists to the region looking for authentic traditional culture” –Randy Raine-Reusch, Artistic Director, Consultant, Composer, Concert Artist

Wind Instruments

Berinchoyo, Seven hole fluteDate: 2008Materials: Bamboo, incised reddyeMaker: Pak Sijian (Bidayuh)Region: Bao/Kuching, Sarawak

Sompoton, Mouth organDate: 2010Materials: Bamboo, gourd, selingkawang, rattanMaker: George B. Nuli (Kadazan dusun)Region: Kota Belud, Sabah

Sompoton, Mouth organDate: 2010Materials: Bamboo, gourd, selingkawang, rattanMaker: George B. Nuli (Kadazan Dusan)Region: Kota Belud, Sabah

Tu-wet, Hunting fluteDate: 2010Materials: Awed, Smoked bambooMaker: Bah Muda, (Semai)Region: Kuala Lipis, Pahang

Si-oi, Nose FluteDate: 2010Materials: Awed, incised bambooMaker: Bah Muda, (Semai)Region: Kuala Lipis, Pahang

Pensol, Si-oi, Nose FluteDate: 2010Materials: Awed, incised bambooMaker: Bah Muda, (Semai)Region: Kuala Lipis, Pahang

Suling, Three hole fluteDate: 2008Materials: bamboo, incisedgreen dyeMaker: Pak Sijian (Bidayuh)Region: Bao, Sarawak

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“The sape is a lute-like instrument used by the Kenyah/Kayanpeople. The painted motif represents plants and creatures found inthe rainforest. I learned from the old people in the longhouse howto play and create sapes”– Mathew Ngau

Red, black and white colour the motifs on the surface of this traditionally inspired shield, similar to historical examples.

Sape and Shield

SapeDate: 2112Material: IronwoodMaker: Mathew Ngan (Orang Ulu)Region: Kpf. Atas, Singai, Bau, Sarawak

Ceremonial Dance ShieldDate: 2012Materials: RubberwoodMaker: Liag Ngau (Orang Ulu)Region: Kpf. Atas, Singai, Bau, Sarawak

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Indigenous people of Sarawak have since long ago been associated with beadwork for adornment as well as ceremonial purpose. This grouping contains collars, sashes and an apron used for dance costumes.

Collars, Sashes and Apron

NecklaceDate: 2011Materials: Glass beads and stringsMaker: Nonjiring Mantuku and Inohiying @ Lonnie Ligon (Rungus)Region: Kudat, Sabah

ApronDate: 2011Materials: Recycled plastic beadsMaker: Ping and Mata Lian (Orang Ulu)Region: Rumah Mulu, Panjang, Sarawak

Circular collar Date: 2011Materials: Glass beadsMaker: Julian Anak Embose (Bidayuh)Region: Kuching, Sarawak

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Baskets known as “takinan” are a rural community project at Murat longhouse in Sabah. Takinan are made from strips of young ‘simbotuon’ or ‘puss’ bamboo. Natural dyes are used, red from the mengkudu roots or dragon’s blood from the fruits of climbing rattan: black, from the leaves and stalk of the indigo plants. Basketwork is generally done by women while the collection and preparation of the material is done by both men and women.

The colourful and decorative thorny durian-looking baskets are called Sungu’ duri were originally designed to contain areca nut shavings.

The distinction between “useful” and “beautiful” (more modern than you would think) does not occur in Sarawak handiwork. Nearly every object that is used is decorated, and everything that is decorated is used, such as bamboo containers with their tendril designs scratched into them. “Kami Iban bumai” (we iban grow hill rice) is a saying that implies that their whole life, culture

and religion are based on rice farming.

Source: Jean –Francois Blehaut, Iban Baskets

Baskets

Seed CarrierDate: 2010Materials: Rattan and bamboo, dyeMaker: Unknown (Orang Ulu)Region: Sawawak

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Seed BasketDate: 2010Material: Sellingkawang, rattanMaker: Busak bt. Sarah (Murut)Region: Kg. Sanang, Tenom, Sabah

Thorny Lidded BasketDate: 2011Materials: Hake, processed pandansus strips and dyeMaker: Khalijah (Mah Meri)Region: Kg. Sg. Bumbun, Pulau Carey, Selangor

Thorny Lidded BasketDate: 2011Materials: Hake, processed pandanus strips and dyeMaker: Julida Uju (Mah Meri)Region: Kg. Sg. Bumbun, Pulau Carey, Selangor

ContainerDate: 2010Material: Seke, processed pandanus strips and fern fibreMaker: Aban Ayan (Temier)Region: Pos Tohoi, Gua Musang, Kelantan

Seed BasketDate: 2010Material: Sellingkawang, rattanMaker: Busak bt. Sarah (Murut)Region: Kg. Sanang, Tenom, Sabah

TakinanDate: 2010Material: Rattan, bamboo, dyeMaker: Unknown (Murat)Region: Kg. Sanang, Tenom, Sabah

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Documents

Letter Openers - Canadian Society for Asian Arts · 2014. 8. 27. · Jaitin Motangon, (Rungus) R. egion: Kudat, Sabah. MALAYSIA INDIGENOUS COMMUNITIES APPLIED ARTS EXHIBITION. Pandanus