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Document of the Month January 2020
1
Letter written by George, Earl of Leicester, from Guy’s Cliffe, Warwick (CR1517/1)
Happy New Year! Our first Document of the Month in 2020 is an interesting document from 1784
which contains a letter from the Earl of Leicester along with a sketched section of his family tree
and coat of arms.
The letter is written by George (Townshend) Earl of Leicester, from Guy’s Cliffe in Warwickshire,
to an associate seeking advice on how best to approach making a claim to the Earldom of Derby.
He outlays evidence of his own lineage from Sir Francis Walsingham and his belief that there are
no other legitimate heirs to the Earldom of Derby. He goes on to ask for their opinion on employing
a Mr Birch, solicitor, to help with his endeavour. Leicester also provides additional information he
has received, regarding his coat of arms, in support of his claim.
The response to the Earl of Leicester is written on the reverse of this letter and the recipient
agrees he does have a case but may meet resistance from peers in the House of Lords and
suggests it would be advisable to employ Mr Birch.1 (Full transcript – Appendix I).
1 Warwickshire County Record Office. Letter written by George, Earl of Leicester, from Guys Cliffe, Warwick, regarding his claim to
the Earldom of Derby. Document reference: CR1517/1.
Document of the Month January 2020
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Pedigree and Arms
The sketched family tree is interesting as it states (in a line) from Lady Dorothy and Sir Henry
Shirley, knight: “the heir of this marriage is The Earl of Leicester”; however, it does not show how
he is related to them.
There are in fact several generations between George (Townshend) the Earl of Leicester and Sir
Henry Shirley to whom he is related via his maternal grandmother, Elizabeth Compton Shirley.2
(Full transcript – Appendix II)
Some of the quarters of the coat of arms have been described to identify various branches of the
family. Namely, “Ferrars of Chartley” inherited from his mother Lady Charlotte Compton via her
mother Elizabeth Shirley, Baroness Ferrars of Chartley2; “Ferrars of Groby & Tamworth”; “Thos.
Plantaganet, Duke of Gloucester”; “Ellerker” and “Mainwaring” both of which were in connection to
Leicester’s wife Charlotte Eaton Mainwaring-Ellerker.2 (Full transcript – Appendix III)
2 Burke’s Peerage and Baronetage. (1833) Townshend, Marquess. Vol. II. 4th ed. London: Published for Henry Colburn. pp. 550-551.
Document of the Month January 2020
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George Townshend, Earl of Leicester (1753-1811)
George Townshend was born on 18 April 1753, the son of George Townshend, first marquess and
Charlotte Compton, Baroness Ferrers and Compton.3
He was educated at Eton College and then St. Johns College, Cambridge and served in the army,
reaching the rank of Captain in the King’s light dragoons.3 He was summoned to parliament on 25
April 17744 and was subsequently made a Privy Councillor in 1782; nominated Captain of the
Band of Gentlemen Pensioners 1782-1783 and 1783-1790; Master of the Mint 1790-94; Joint
Postmaster-General 1794-99; Lord Steward of the Household 1799-1802 and High Steward of
Tamworth 1807-11.5
He was created Earl of Leicester on 18 May 1784 (the Earldom of Leicester having been extinct
since 1759)3 and, as we can see from his letter, by October 1784 was actively pursuing a claim to
the Earldom of Derby.
Leicester was an antiquary with a keen interest in heraldry and archaeology and was made
President of the Society of Antiquaries, he became a Trustee of the British Museum 1787-1811
and Fellow of the Royal Society in 1781.4 He remained President of the Society of Antiquaries until
his death on 27 July 1811.3
3 Oxford Dictionary of National Biography. Townshend, George, second Marquess Townshend (1753-1811).
https://www.oxforddnb.com/view/10.1093/ref:odnb/9780198614128.001.0001/odnb-9780198614128-e-
27625?rskey=Ov7s10&result=2 : accessed 18 December 2019. 4 The English Peerage. (1790) Townshend, Earl of Leicester. Vol. I. London: Printed by T. Spilsbury and Son. p. 482. https://books.google.co.uk : accessed 18 December 2019. 5 Cracrofts Peerage. George [Townshend], 17th Baron of Ferrers of Chartley and 8th Baron Compton later 1st Earl of
Leicester later 2nd Marquess Townshend, PC. http://www.cracroftspeerage.co.uk/online/content/townshend1787.htm : accessed
18 December 2019.
Document of the Month January 2020
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Transcriptions
Appendix I
Guy’s Cliffe October 4th 1784
Dear Sir,
I have lately received from Mr. Astle a Copy of the original Creation of my Ancestor Willm
De Ferrars to the Earldom of Derby in 1st of King Johns, the original Charter being yet among the
Carta Antique in his Custody in the Tower; it is exactly word for word as given in Seldens, and to
be sure is the completest proof of the Earldom of Derby’s having been enjoyd by my Ancestry in
fee. The Dectien? de Kenilworth will sufficiently prove that Robert de Ferrars did not lose his
Dignity by Parliamentary Attainder and the resolutions of the House in the Cases of the Barony of
Grey of Ruthyn, temp[us]. Car[olus]: 1. & Viscounty of Purbeck Temp[us]. Car[olus]: 2d, declare
that Honors? cannot be Cast by the surrender or Aberation of the party. All these points are so
very much in favor of my Claim that I am resolved to push it without loss of time. Many
Circumstances also makes the present as I think as good a time as can be for the asserting of my
pretentions. Had I claimed the title of Earl of Derby when only Baron de Ferrars, and been allow’d
it, I must have been call’d by that title, which would have been in-convenient, as two Earls of
Derby would have makd? as much confusion to society as the two Socia’s in the play; but now that
I have acquired a title of the same rank & degree as that I claim, should my claim be establishd, I
may still be calld in the world Earl of Leicester, tho it is my most modern title, as the Earl Brooke &
Warwick is constantly calld Earl of Warwick. Besides the title claim is that of Earl of the County of
Derby, whereas that enjoyd by the Stanley family (as My Lord Derby himself lately acknowledged
to me) is taken from the town and Waponlake Of Derby in Lancashire, in which their capital seat
and principal Property lies; and which is commonly calld West-Derby in distinction from the County
town of Derby, as the City of Chester is called West-Chester to distinguish it from Chester le Street
in Durham. I should be glad to have your Opinion, whether I should not do well to employ Mr Birch
as my Solicitor in this Business, as he has managed so many Claims of this nature so successfully
for his Clients.
Enclosed I send you a short pedigree of my descent from Sir Fra[nci]s Walsingham, Queen
Elizabeth’s Minister, for the following reason. Lady Mary Coke, a Lady much versed in Genealogy,
told me lately that the Hobarts, Earle of Bucks was descended from Sir Philip Sydney thro the heir
of Sir John Maynard, the great lawyer, and that Lady Suffolk, aunt to the present Earl frequently
used to boast of this Descent. I express my surprise at this, because I had always under-stood
that Elizabeth Countess of Rutland, the only dau[ghter] & heir of Sir Ph[ilip] Sydney by the
dau[ghter] & heir of Sir Fra[nci]s Walsingham, died SP. She certainly had no issue by the Earl of
Rutland; & I never could find that she married again or had issue. Under the article of Sydney Earl
of Leic[ester] in Collins,I can not find any mention of her second marriage with any body. And yet
one could hardly suppose that the Hobart family should pride themselves on an imaginary descent
from this Hero, and unless this Elizabeth his only legitimate Child left issue, they could only have
be descended from him spuriously. As I wish much to have this part cleard up, you will much
oblige me by resolving me about it, at your leisure. I hope you have not forgot [?]
Document of the Month January 2020
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Earl of Leicester at Wakefield
15th October 1784
Some time since gave me some hopes of seeing you here this autumn in your way to or from
Yorkshire. I do not propose being in town before the end of december.
Lady Leicester desires her Compliments to you, believe me to be
Dear Sir, with much regard
Your very faithful
& obligd humble Lord.
Leicester.
Response:
28th October 1784
My Lord,
I had the favour of your L[ordshi]p’s letter with your remarks upon your claim to the earldom
of Derby, and the pedigree and am clearly of opinion from y[ou]r L[ordshi]p’s statement of the case
that the Title was in fee, and ought to descend to your L[ordshi]p; but as the success of a claim of
this sort in a great measure depends upon interest in the House of Lords, your L[ordshi]p shou’d
consider well how you stand in that respect, for I s[houl]d imagine many Peers of that degree will
oppose you, on the contrary your L[ordshi]p is well with The King and Ministry, and I s[houl]d
imagine f[ro]m Family connection, must of course have the interest of one powerful man in the
cabinet.
Mr Birch from his taste and experience in these claims is doubtless the most proper person
to be employ’d in one of this nature, nor shou’d I hesitate to engage him on the occasion, it is
probable f[ro]m his note in his pro-fession that his charges are high, but query if it is not best to
have a person likely to carry such a matter thro’ with judgement, than be thrown back by an
injudicious solicitor.
Document of the Month January 2020
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Appendix II
Lord Leicester’s Descent from Sir Francis Walsingham
Sir Fra[nci]s Walsingham dau[ghte]r of
Secretary of State to Q[uee]n St Barbe
Elizabeth
Sir Philip Sydney = Frances Dau[ghter] sole heir = Robert Devereux 2d Earl
1st husband Earl of Essex. Beheaded 1600.
1st husband 2d husband
Roger Earl of = Elizabeth Robert Frances Dorothy = Sir Henry
Rutland only issue 3d Earl Marr[ie]d Wm. 2d sister? Shirley
S P of Essex Duke of Somerset & Co heir Knight
S P
The heir of this marriage
Is The Earl of Leicester.
In. did Elizabeth daughter and heir
Of Sir Phil Sydney marry a 2d
Husband. & have issue by him?
If she did not, then the Devereux
Family became sole heirs of
Sir Frances Walsingham.
SP means Sine Prole; without offspring.
Document of the Month January 2020
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Appendix III
Arms – quarterly of four grand Quarterings
1st & 4th quart[er]ly – Vaire or Gules. Ferrars of Chartley
Gules with mascles conjoind & voided Or. Ferrars of Groby and Tamworth
2nd and 8 – France V Engld quarterly within a border Arg[ent] for Thos. Plantagenet D[uke] of
Gloucester.
Crests…A peacocks tail in open erect, on a Wreath – for Ferrars of Chartley
& a unicorn ermine at the sinister Supp[orte]r for Ferr[arrs] of Groby & Tamworth
Also between both, out of a ducal Coronet Or a Swan rising proper. Ducally Gorged & chaind of
the first, holding in its beak an Ostrich feather of the 2d for Plantagenet Duke of Gloucester.
N.B. an escutcheon of pretence quart[er]ly
1 & 4 azure a chief & a fret Arg[en]t Ellerker
2 & 3 Arg[en]t 2 bars Gules Mainwaring
Badges – an horseshoe
- An knot Gules – called the Beurchier’s Knot.
A key to the heraldic language used:
Vaire = Green
Gules = Red
Azure = Blue
Sable = Black
Argent = Silver
Or = Gold
Ermine = describes the pattern on the fur of the unicorn
Supporter = describes the animals or characters either side of the shield (supporting it)
Sinister = one side of the shield – the right if looking at an illustration of the shield (the left when
bearing the shield - for example in battle)
Dexter = one side of the shield – the left if looking at an illustration of the shield (the right when
bearing the shield - for example in battle)
Escutcheon = the shield
And the Motto “Stet fortuna Domus” (i.e. Ferrariensis) – “Let the fortune of the house stand” or
“may the fortune of the house endure”