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i
lf;da,sl O¾uh
wOHdmk m%ldYk fomd¾;fïka;=j
ii
m<uq jk uqøKh 2016
fojk uqøKh 2017
;=kajk uqøKh 2018
y;rjk uqøKh 2019
miajk uqøKh 2020
ish¨u ysñlï weúß‚'
ISBN 978-955-25-0284-2
Published by : Educational Publications DepartmentPrinted by : Vishwa Graphics (Pvt) Ltd.
wOHdmk m%ldYk fomd¾;fïka;=j úiska
fkd(90" jdikdj;a; mdr" u;af;f.dv"
úYaj .%e*slaia ^mqoa.,sl& wdh;kfhys uqøKh lrjd
m%ldYhg m;a lrk ,È'
iii
iv
wms fjuq tl ujlf. orefjdatl ksjfiys fjfikdtl mdge;s tl reêrh fõwm lh ;=< ÿjkd
tneúks wms fjuq fidhqre fidhqßfhdatl f,i tys jefvkdÔj;a jk wm fuu ksjfiafid¢k isáh hq;= fõ
ieug u fu;a lreKd .=fKkSfj<S iu.s oñkSrka ñKs uq;= fkd j th u h iem;dlsis l, fkdu Èrkd
wdkkao iurfldaka
v
fmrjok
oshqKqfõ ysKsfm; lrd .uka lrkd j;auka f,djg" ks;e;skau wjeis
jkqfha jvd;a kjH jQ wOHdmk l%uhls' tu`.ska ks¾udKh l< hq;af;a ukq.=Koï
imsreKq yd l=i,;dj,ska hqla; oremrmqrls' tlS W;a;=x. fufyjrg cj n,h
imhñka" úYaùh wNsfhda. i`oyd Èßfhka uqyqK Èh yels isiq mrmqrla ks¾udKh lsÍu
i`oyd iydh ùu wmf.a mru j.lSu jkafka h' bf.kqï wdOdrl iïmdok ld¾hh
fjkqfjka il%Sh f,i ueÈy;a fjñka wm fomd¾;fïka;=j ta fjkqfjka odhl;ajh
,nd fokafka cd;sfha oreoeßhkaf.a keK myka o,ajd,Sfï W;=ï wÈgfkks'
fm<fmd; úfgl oekqï fldaIaGd.drhls' th ;j;a úfgl wm úkaokd;aul
f,djlg o le`ojdf.k hhs' tfiau fï fm<fmd;a wmf.a ;¾l nqoaêh jvjd,kafka
wfkalúO l=i,;d mqnqÿ lrjd.kakg o iqúi,a t<s oyrla fjñks' úÿìfuka iuq.;a
Èkl jqj wmßñ; wdorfhka iaurKh l< yels u;l" fm<fmd;a msgq w;r oejà
Tn iu`.ska w;aje,a ne`o tkq fkdwkqudk h' fï fm<fmd; iu`.u ;j ;j;a
oekqï wjldY msß biõ fj; ks;s mshuksñka mßmQ¾K;ajh w;a lr.ekqug Tn ieu
ksr;=rej wem lem úh hq;= h'
ksoyia wOHdmkfha uydk¾> ;Hd.hla fia fï mqia;lh Tn foda;g msßkefï'
fm<fmd;a fjkqfjka rch jeh lr we;s iqúi,a OkialkaOhg w¾:iïmkak
w.hla ,nd Èh yelafla Tng muKs' fuu mdGH .%ka:h ukdj mßYS,kh lrñka
keK .=K msß mqrjeishka ù wkd.; f,dj taldf,dal lrkakg oefha ish¨ ¥
orejka fj; Èßh iúh ,efíjdhs yoj;ska iqn m;ñ'
fm<fmd;a iïmdok ld¾hh fjkqfjka wm%udK jQ iïm;Aodhl;ajhla
iemhQ f,aLl" ixialdrl yd we.hqï uKav, idudðl msßjrg;a wOHdmk m%ldYk
fomd¾;fïka;=fõ ld¾h uKav,fha ieug;a udf.a yomsß m%Kduh mqolrñ'
mS' tka' whs,mafmreu
wOHdmk m%ldYk flduidßia ckrd,a
wOHdmk m%ldYk fomd¾;fïka;=j
biqremdh
n;a;ruq,a,
2020'06'26
vi
kshdukh yd wëlaIKh
mS' tka' whs,mafmreu ¡ wOHdmk m%ldYk flduidßia ckrd,a
wOHdmk m%ldYk fomd¾;fïka;=j
fufyhùu
ví,sõ'tA' ks¾u,d mshiS,s -¡ wOHdmk m%ldYk flduidßia ^ixj¾Ok&
wOHdmk m%ldYk fomd¾;fïka;=j
iïnkaëlrKh
wd¾'ã' úfÊúl%u -¡ ksfhdacH flduidßia
wOHdmk m%ldYk fomd¾;fïka;=j
iydh iïnkaëlrKh
tia'Ô'ã'tka't,a' iurfldaka ¡ iyldr flduidßia
wOHdmk m%ldYk fomd¾;fïka;=j
wkqYdil;ajh
w;sW;=ï foaj O¾udpd¾h Tiaj,aâ f.dañia w.ro.=re ysñmdfKda ^úY%dñl&
w;sW;=ï foaj O¾udpd¾h uelaiaj,a is,ajd ro.=re ysñmdfKda
ixialdrl uKav,h
w;s.re msh,a cdkl m%kdkaÿ msh;=ud - ¡cd;sl wOHlaI" lf;da,sl O¾fudamfoaY
uOHia:dkh" fld<U 08
.re ã'tï'ã'tA' cQâ iS' oikdhl ¡ ndysr lÒldpd¾h" jhU cd;sl wOHdmk
msh;=ud úoHdmSGh" ìx.sßh
.re tia' wkaøhdia tAn%yï ¡ iyldr lÒldpd¾h"
m%kdkaÿ msh;=ud cd;sl wOHdmk wdh;kh" uyr.u
.re tA' wd¾' t,a' Ydka;sl=ud¾ msh;=ud ¡ lÒldpd¾h" welajhskdia úYajúoHd,h"
fld<U 08
f,aLl uKav,h
.re fïß ksu,ald meúÈ fidhqßh -¡ .=re jD;a;sh" idka; fcdaYma msßñ
úÿy," kqf.af.dv
tia'Ô'fla'ã't,a'iS' m%idoa ¡ .=re WmfoaYl" l,dm wOHdmk
ld¾hd,h" fydaud.u
vii
ußks Oïñld fmf¾rd ¡ .=re WmfoaYsld" fldÜGdi wOHdmk
ld¾hd,h" W;=re fld<U fldÜGdih"
ud<s.dj;a;" fld<U 10
weka' *%ekaisiald rdcfhda.skS ¡ .=re jD;a;sh" idka; fcdaYma nd,sld
uyd úÿy," fld<U 14
wEka ksYdka;s r;akisxy ¡ .=re jD;a;sh" nm$ms<s$ idka; fcdaYma nd,sld
uyd úÿy," kqf.af.dv
î' whs' fcdaYma ¡ .=re WmfoaYsld" l,dm wOHdmk
ld¾hd,h" ó.uqj
fÊ' *sf,daóka ¡ .=re WmfoaYsld" l,dm wOHdmk
ld¾hd,h" uvl,mqj
ta'fla'tiaa-' takac,a fïß ¡ .=re jD;a;sh" ^úY%dñl&
wd¾' fcdkaiagka yer,aâ ¡ .=re jD;a;sh" rdukdoka yskaÿ nd,sld úÿy, fld<U 04
à' whs' rx.kdh.ï ¡ .=re jD;a;sh" idka; wkaf;daks nd,sld
uyd úÿy," fld,a¨msáh
NdId ixialdrl
jhs' m%S;s kS,uks mqIamud,d úu,isß ¡ .=re WmfoaYsld ^isxy,&
l,dm wOHdmk ld¾hd,h"
Y%s chj¾Okmqr"
n;a;ruq,a,
fidaÿm;a lshùu
ví'fla'tï'whs'tia'fla' m%kdkaÿ ¡ .=re WmfoaYsld ^úY%dñl&
mß.Kl wlaIr ixfhdackh yd msgq ie,iqïlrKh
t,a' tA' i÷ks ks,xld m;auisß ¡- wOHdmk m%ldYk fomd¾;fïka;=j
msgljrh
t,a' tA' i÷ks ks,xld m;auisß ¡- wOHdmk m%ldYk fomd¾;fïka;=j
viii
ix
mgqk msgq wxlh
Y=oaO nhsn,h
1' Æla Y=NdrxÑfha l;=jrhd 1
2' Æla Y=NdrxÑfha miqìu 4
3' Æla Y=NdrxÑh y÷kajk kï 7
4' Æla Y=NdrxÑfha m‚jqv 12
5' Æla Y=NdrxÑfha ie,eiau 15
;%s;aúl foúhka jykafia
6' fuishdksl wkdjels 19
7' iM, jQ fuishdksl wkdjels 23
8' Y=oaO jQ iakdjl fcdyka ;=ud 27
9' fÊiqia jykafiaf.a ¥; fiajdj 32
10' foaj rdcHh 36
11' fÊiqia jykafia isÿ l< m%d;syd¾hhka 42
úYajdifha Ôú;hg Yla;sh
12' ÈjH i;am%ido jykafia 47
13' ÈjH i;am%idoSh fNdackhg iQodku 51
14' wNsjDoaê wdf,amh 54
15' wNsjDoaê wdf,amh ,eîug iQodku 60
16' wNsjDoaê wdf,amh odkh lsÍfï ms<sfj; 63
úYajdifha Ôú;h l%shd;aul lsÍu
17' tAl foaj jkaokdj 66
18' tl u foúhka jykafia ;=< úYajdifha Ôú;hla 71
19' idka;=jr ne;sh 75
20' foaj kdufha Y=oaO;ajhg .re lsÍu 78
21' bre Èk Y=oaOjka; j .; lsÍu 82
hdÉ[dfõ Ôú;h
22' foaj jkaokdj 85
23' foaj jkaokdfõ m%Odk wx. 88
24' ÈjH mQcdj 92
25' fjk;a foaj jkaokd;aul l%shd 96
x
ye¢kaùu
lf;da,sl O¾uh Y=oaO nhsn,h iy iNd iïm%odh u; mokï ù we;' tkï
Y=oaO nhsn,h iy iNd b.ekaùï tys w;a;sjdru h' fuu fm<fmd; iïmodkh
lsÍfï § Y=oaO nhsn,h iy lf;da,sl iNd O¾fudamfoaYh mokï fldgf.k we;'
lf;da,sl iNd O¾fudamfoaYh ;=< iïm%odhfhka tk Y=' iNdfõ ks, b.ekaùï wd-
jrKh lr we;'
fuu fm<fmdf;a f;aud myla u; mdvï 25la wvx.= ù we;' m<uq f;audfjka
Y=oaO nhsn,h ms<sn| wjfndaOh o fojk f;audfjka foaj wkdjrKhg m%;spdr ola-
jñka úYajdifha Ôú;hla .; lsÍu o" ;=kajk f;audfjka foaj m%ido ksOdk u.ska
l%sia;=ka jykafiag iïnkaO ù kj Ôú;hlg idlaIs ±Íu o y;rjk f;audj u.ska
foaj mk;a ms<smÈñka fm%aufha Ôú;hla .; lsÍu o miajk f;audj u.ska hdÉ[dfjka
fmdaIKh ,nd foúhka jykafia iu. o ukqIHd iu. o .eUqre iïnkaO;djla f.dv
k.d .ekSu ms<sn| j o idrj;a lreKq úia;r lr we;'
Tfí m%ido iakdmkSh le|ùu ;=< wdrïN l< úYajdifha Ôú;hg idlaIs
orkakg wdOHd;añl fmdaIKh ,efnk bf.kqï b.ekaùulg Tn fhduq fõjdæ hs
m%d¾:kd lrñ' rgg ±hg jevodhs .=K .rel hym;a ls;=kqjl=" O¾ñIaG ukqIHhl=
Tn ;=<ska ìysfõjdæ
fÊiq msysghsæ
w;s.re msh,a cdkl m%kdkaÿ msh;=ud
O¾fudamfoaYh iy nhsn,a fiajd cd;sl wOHlaI
1
Æla Y=NdrxÑfha l;=jrhd1
àp¾ ( mqf;a" foúhka jykafia wmg úfYaI yelshd § ;sfnkjd' tAjd ÈhqKq lr
f.k" wka whg fiajh l< yels jevodhl mqoa.,hka ùu ;uhs wfma
j.lSu fjkafka' uu" mqxÑ ld,fha b|,d u .=rejßhla fjkak wdYdfjka
isáfha' uu leu;s W.kajkak¦ orejkag fyd| krl lsh,d fokak' b;ska
wo uu .=rejßhla' wúYal Thdf.a wkd.; n,dfmdfrd;a;=j fudlla o@
wúYal ( àp¾" uu leu;s úfYaI{ ffjoHjrfhla fj,d wirK frda.Skag msysg
fjkak'
àp¾ ( fndfyda u fyd|hs' Thd uykais fj,d bf.k .kak ´fka'
liqka" mqf;a Thd f,dl= jqKd u fudkjd o lrkak ys;kafka@
liqka ( uu leu;s msh;=fula fjkak' uu mQcdjg Woõ fjk iñ;sfh;a bkakjd'
ug jqjukd yeu fokdg u fiajh lrkak'
àp¾ ( fndfyda u fyd| W;=ï woyila' wms liqkaf.a n,dfmdfrd;a;=j bIag
fjkak lsh,d hdÉØ lruq'
;s<sK ( àp¾" uu leu;s f,aLlfhla fjkak' ug ´fka fmd;a f.dvla ,shkak'
áp¾ ( ;s<sK" Thdg mq¿jka uq¿ iudch u fjkia lrkak' ñksiqkag fyd|
wdl,am we;s lrkak' f,aLlfhla lshkafka uyd n,jf;la'
1'1 rEmh ¡ Æla;=ud
1
fkdñf,a fnÞyeÍu i|yd h'
2
àp¾ ( wo uu Thd,dg l;d lrkak hkafk;a olaI f,aLlfhla .ekhs' uq¿
f,dalh u ms<sf.k ;sfhkjd Tyq olaI l¾;Djrfhla lsh,d' Tyqf.a l;d
jia;=j jqfKa foaj mq;% fÊiqia ls%ia;=ka jykafia' Tyq kñka Y=oaO jQ Æla
;=ud'
wm .e,jqïlrejdKka jk fÊiqia l%sia;=ka jykafiaf.a Ôú;h yd iïnkaO
f;dr;=re b;d ukyr f,i Æla ;=udf.a Y=NdrxÑfha bÈßm;a lrhs' fuh nqoaêu;a
idys;Hlrejl=f.a ks¾udKhls' l;=jrhd olaI f,aLlfhl= muKla fkdj
b;sydi{fhla" Ñ;% Ys,amsfhla yd ffjoHjrfhla o fjhs' Y=NdrxÑ .%ka:hla rpkd
lrk ,o tl u úcd;slhd fyj;a wkH cd;slhd ^cqod cd;shg wh;a fkdjkakd&
Y=oaO jQ Æla ;=ud fõ' Y=NdrxÑfha wvx.-= fndfyda lreKq wid ±k .;a tAjd nj
ms<s.efkhs' Y=oaO jQ iNd iïm%odh wkqj t;=ud lreKq ±k .;af;a ußh ;=ñhf.ka
yd wfmdaia;=¿jrekaf.ks'
Y=oaO jQ Æla ;=ud Æla Y=NdrxÑfha muKla fkdj wfmdaia;=¨jrekaf.a l%shd fmdf;ys
o l;-=jrhd fõ' fuu lD;ska foflys u l¾;Df.a ku i|yka fkdl< o NdIdj yd
ffY,sh ie,ls,a,g .;a úg tl u f,aLlfhl=f.a nj ;yjqre fõ' wfmdaia;,sl
hq.fha ls;=kqjl= jk fu;=udg .%Sl NdIdj yeisrùfuys,d ukd yelshdjla ;sì‚'
Y=NdrxÑfhys wdrïNl isoaêh jkafka filßhia ;=udf.a hd. mQcdjhs' mqrdK .súiqfï
hd. mQcdj,g .jhd Ndú; jQ ksid Æla Y=NdrxÑfha ixfla;h .jhd fõ'
¨la ;=ud ;j;a olaI f,aLlfhl= jk Y=oaO jQ mdjq¨ ;=udf.a ñ;%fhls'
wfmdaia;=¨jrekaf.a ls%hd fmdf;ka muKla fkdj mdjq¨ ;=udf.a ,smsj,ska o fï nj
ikd: fõ' mdjq¨ ;=ud frdaufha isr.; j isá úg Æla ;=ud o tys jQ nj my; i|yka
Y=oaO ,shú,s mdG fmkakqï lrhs(
² —Æla muKla ud iu. isà' udla Tn iu. le`ojd f.k tkak' udf.a jevg Tyq
m%fhdackj;a iyldrfhls˜ ^2 ;sfuda;s 4(11&'
² —udf.a yjq,a fiajlhka jk udla o '''' Æla o Tng wdpdr lr;s˜ ^msf,fudka
1(24&'
² —wfma ys;j;a Æla kï ffjoHjrhd o ''' Tng wdpdr lr;s˜ ^fldf,diais 4(14&'
mdjq¨ ;=ud iu. Æla ;=ud fojk yd f;jk O¾u¥; pdßld i|yd iyNd.s ù we;'
wfmdaia;=¨jrekaf.a l%shd fmd; ,shk Æla ;=ud —wm˜ —wms˜ hkqfjka i|yka lrk
wjia:d t;=ud tu pdßldj,g iyNd.S jQ nj fmkakqï lrhs'
3
Tjqkag iqn wiak foaYkd lrkakg foúhka jykafia wm lef|õ nj
Tyqf.a o¾Ykfhka f;areï .;a wms tflfKys u uisfodakshg hkakg
ieriqfKuq' tfyhska wms f;%dajfika keõ ke.S fl<ska u ifud;%dishg
o miqjod fkhdfmd,sishg o hd;%d lr" thska uisfodaksfha Èia;%slalhl
m%Odk k.rhla jQ o frdau ckmohla jQ o ms,smamshg wjq;a tys lSm ojila
kej;S isáfhuq''' wE o wef.a f.hs jeishka o fn!;Siau iakdmkh ,enQ miq"
wE l;d fldg" zuu ienúka u iajdóka jykafia woyk flfkle hs Tn
ms<s.kakjd kï" udf.a f.org wjq;a tys kej;=K uekjhsZ wfmka Wola u
b,a,d wm leu;s lrjd .;a;d h' wm hdÉ[d lrk ;ekg hoa§" .=ma;
oE fy<s lrk wd;auhla wdfõY jQ fmak lSfuka iajlSh iajdñjrekag
fndfyda ,dN Wmojd ÿka tla;rd jy,a ;re‚hla wmg yuq jQjd h'
wE mdjq¨;a wm;a miqmi tñka" fï wh .e<ùfï ud¾.h wmg m%ldY lrk
mrfuda;a;u foúhka jykafiaf.a odifhda hhs fudr.id lSjd h'
^l%shd 16(10¡17&
ls%hd 21(1" 21(7" 21(12 yd 21(15 hk mdG o mdjq¨ ;=udf.a O¾u ¥; pdßldj,g Æla
;=ud iyNd.s jQ njg WodyrK h'
Æla ;=ud fuka Y=NdrxÑh m;< lsÍug wfma yelshd fhdod .; hq;= fõ' foúhka
jykafia ÿka olaI;dj,ska Wkajykafia miiuq' wmf.a f,aLk yelshdfjka foaj
jpkh m;< lsÍug úúO ks¾udK lsÍug fhduq fjuq' mdif,a § ì;a;s mqj;a m;g
yd wfkl=;a udOHj,g wfma ks¾udK fhduq lruq' wka wh o tA i|yd Wkkaÿ lruq'
Y=oaO jQ Æla ;=ud Y=NdrdxÑh ,sùfuka uq¿ ñksia j¾.hdg u lr we;s hym; w.h
lrñka bka Wmßu m%fhdack .ekSug W;aidy lruq'
l%shdldrlu
1' Æla ;=ud ms<sn| Tn leu;s ks¾udKhla lrkak'
2' Tnf.a ks¾udKh <ud m%§mhg fyda fjk;a mqj;a m;lg
fhduq lrkak'
Ôú;hg ì|la
Y=N jofkys m‚jqvlrejl= jkak'
4
Æla Y=NdrxÑfha miqìu
olaI l;=jrfhl= ;ukaf.a wruqKq ke;skï mrud¾: bgq lr.ekSu i|yd wjeis
o;a; yd isoaê ;d¾lsl f,i f.dkq lrhs' idudkHfhka tjeks lD;shla id¾:l
ks¾udKhla f,i ms<s.kq ,nhs' olaI l;=jrfhl= f,i Y+oaO jQ Æla ;=ud o ;u
mrud¾:h bgq lr .ekSu i|yd Y=NdrxÑh rpkd lsÍfï § lghq;= lr we;'
ish¨ cd;Skaf.a .e,ùu .ek l;d lrk t;=ud tu woyi bgq lr .ekSu i|yd
f;dard .;a lreKq b;d olaI yd ks¾udKYS,s f,i bÈßm;a lr we;s nj Y+NdrxÑh
foi ne,Sfï § meyeÈ,s fõ'
fÊiqia jykafia ,nd ÿka .e,ùu f;dard .;a ck;dj jQ cqod cd;shg muKla
fkdj uq¿ ñksia j¾.hdg u nj ta;a;= .ekaùug fÊiqia jykafiaf.a Ôú;fhka
b.ekaùïj,ska yd isÿùïj,ska f;dr;=re Æla ;=ud f;dard f.k we;' tA wkqj Æla
;=udf.a Y=NdrxÑfhka fÊiqia jykafia cQod ck;djf.a muKla fkdj uq¿ ñksia
ixy;sfha u .e,jqïlrejdKka nj fmkajd §u mrud¾:h lr .kshs' fuu woyi
uqÿkam;a lr .ekSu i|yd Æla ;=ud úúO lreKq Wmfhda.S fldg f.k we;s wdldrh
my; ±lafõ'
1' uf;õ ;=ud fÊiqia jykafiaf.a jxYdj,sh wdÈ ms;D wdn%yï ;=udf.ka wdrïN
lrhs' t;=ud cqod cd;sfha wdrïNlhd h' —wdn%yïf.a o odú;af.a o mq;% jQ fÊiqia
l%sia;=ka jykafiaf.a jxYdj,sh fufia h˜ ^uf;õ 1(1&' tfy;a Æla ;=udf.a
Y=NdrxÑfha fÊiqia jykafiaf.a jxYdj,sh wdrïN lrkafka ukqIH cd;sfha
wdrïNlhd jQ wdoïf.ks —Tyq wdoïf.a mq;%hd h' Tyq foúhka jykafiaf.a
mq;%hd h˜ ^Æla 3(23¡38&' fufia fÊiqia jykafia cqod cd;slhkaf.a muKla
fkdj uq¿ ñksia ixy;sfha u .e,jqïlrejdKka nj lSu Æla ;=udf.a wruqKhs'
2' fÊiqia l%sia;=ka jykafiaf.a Wmf;a § foaj ¥;hka .dhkd lrkafka" —ñysmsg
foaj m%idoh ,;a ckhd w;r iduh fõjdæ˜ lshd h ^Æla 2(14&' fuys § ñysmsg
foaj m%idoh ,;a ckhd˜ hehs lSfuka fÊiqia jykafia ish¨ ukqIHhkaf.a
.e,jqïlrejdKka nj m%ldY fõ'
3' fudafiia ;=udf.a kS;shg wkqj ieu cqod cd;sl l=¿ÿ,a msßñ orefjl= u foaj
ud,s.dfjys lem l< hq;= fõ' cqfia ;=ud yd ußh ;=ñh o <ore fÊiqia jykafia
lem lsÍu i|yd fcrei,ï foaj ud,s.djg /f.k .shy' foúhka jykafiaf.a
.e,ùu n,dfmdfrd;a;=fjka isá ±yeñ ne;su;a isñfhdka kï jQ ñksfila
Y=oaOd;auhdKka jykafiaf.a wdkqNdjfhka mQ¾K ù fÊiqia jykafia ish ±;g
2
5
f.k fufia m%Yxid lf<a h' —iñ÷ks" Tn fmdfrdkaÿ jQ f,i u ±ka Tn odih
yg" Ydka;s is;ska hdug Tn ksoyi § we;' ukao" .e,ùu udf.a fofk;ska
Èáñ' th il, cd;ska wìuqj l< .e,ùu o úcd;Skag t<sh fok wdf,dalh
o Tfí fik. jk bYardfh,ajrekaf.a uysuh o fõ˜ hkqfjks ^Æla 2(29¡32&'
fufia fÊiqia jykafia uq¿ ñksia j¾.hdg u wdf,dalhla yd .e,ùula jk
nj ;yjqre lrhs'
4' —udf.a wi,ajeishd ljfrla ±hs˜ tla;rd úkhOrfhla ^fudafiia ;=udf.a
kS;sh ms<sn| úYdrofhla& fÊiqia jykafiaf.ka m%Yak lf<a h' thg ms<s;=rla
jYfhka fÊiqia jykafia fuu Wmudj jod< fial'
tla;rd úkhOrfhla ke.sg" Wkajykafia mÍlaId lrñka —.=re foajhks"
iÞ;k Ôú;h ysñlr.kq i|yd ud l=ula lghq;= ±˜hs weiS h' Wkajykafia
o Tyqg ms<s;=re foñka" —jHjia:dj,sfhys ,shd we;af;a lsfula o@ Tn th
f;areï .kafka flfia±˜hs weiQ fial' Tyq W;a;r foñka" —kqfò uq¿ yDofhka
o kqfò uq¿ wd;aufhka o kqfò uq¿ ù¾hfhka o kqfò uq¿ nqoaêfhka o
kqfò foú jQ iñ|dKka jykafiag;a kqU kqUg fm%au lrkakdla fuka kqfò
wi,ajeishdg;a fm%au lrkak hkqhs˜ lS h' Wkajykafia" Tfí W;a;rh yß
h' tfia lrkak' túg Tn Ôj;a jkafkys hhs Tyqg jÞ< fial' tfy;a
Tyq ;uka ksjerÈ nj olajkakg leue;s j —udf.a wi,ajeishd ljfrla±˜hs
fÊiqia jykafiaf.ka m%Yak flf<a h'
fÊiqia jykafia ms<s;=re foñka fufia jÞ< fial' —tla ñksfila
fcrei,fuka fcßfldaj n,d hoa§" fidr uq<lg wiq úh¦ fidre Tyqf.a jia;%
meyerf.k Tyqg ;,d fm<d Tyq wvmK fldg oud hkakg .shy' tA w;r tla
mQclfhla wyïfnka tA u. hkqfha Tyq ±l mdf¾ wfkla me;af;ka .sfha h'
tfia u f,ùhfhla o t;ekg meñK Tyq ±l mdf¾ wfkla me;af;ka .sfha
h' tfy;a" tA u.ska .uka .;a tla iudßh cd;sl ñksfila Tyq yqka ;ekg
wjq;a" Tyq ±l" wkqlïmd Wmojd" Tyq fj;g f.dia f;,a yd ñÈhqi .,ajd"
;=jd, ne|" ;udf.a uD.hd msg ys÷jd" ;kdhug f.k f.dia Tyq n,d .;af;a
h' miqjÞ Tyq ߧ ldis folla f.k ;kdhïldrhdg § fudyq n,d.kak¦
fuhg jeäfhka Tn úhoï lrk hï ;rula weoaao" kej; wd úg uu th
Tng f.jkafkñ˜hs lS h' bÈka fidreka w;g wiqjQ tA ;eke;a;dg fulS
;sfokdf.ka wi,ajeishd jqfha ljfrla o lshd Tn is;kafkys o@ —Tyqg ohdj
±lajQ ;eke;a;d h˜hs úkhOrhd lS h' —Tn;a f.dia tfia u lrkake˜hs fÊiqia
jykafia Tyqg jÞ< fial'
^Æla 10(25¡37&
6
iuß;dkqjreka cqod cd;slhska fkdj wkH cd;slhka h' hym;a iuß;dkqjrhdf.a
Wmudfõ § we.hSug ,la flfrkqfha cqod cd;slhka fkdj" wkH cd;sl
iuß;dkqjrhd h'
Æla ;=udf.a Y=NdrxÑh iïmdokh l< ld,h l%s'j' 80¡85 w;r nj idudkH
ms<s.ekSuhs' Æla ;=ud Y=NdrxÑfhka ish mrud¾:h idlaId;a lr .;a;d fia wm
Ôú;j, wjidk wruqK foúÿka lrd <Õd ùu nj jgyd f.k Ôj;a úh hq;= fjuq'
l=vd l< isg u hym;a wruqKq we;s j lghq;= lr nqoaêu;a j tu wruqKq lrd
<Õd ùug wÈgka lr .ksuq' tu.ska foujqmshkaf.a" .=rejrekaf.a yd jeäysáhkaf.a
n,dfmdfrd;a;= bgq lruq'
fÊiqia jykafiaf.a Wm; u.ska ish¨ cd;Skag .e,ùu ,eì‚' wms o wfma mjq,g yd
óiug muKla iSud fkdù ish,a,kaf.a hym; fjkqfjka lghq;= lruq'
l%shdldrlu
1' Æla ;=udf.a Y=NdrxÑfha mrud¾:h lgmdvï lr igyka
fmdf;ys ,shkak'
2' Æla Y=NdrxÑh tu mrud¾:h bgq lr .;a wdldrh ±laùug
WÞyrK folla fokak'
Ôú;hg ì|la
Tfí Ôú;fha hym;a mrud¾: fudkjd ±hs fufkys lr
th bgq lr .ekSug fjfyi jkak'
7
Æla Y=NdrxÑh y÷kajk kï
Æla Y=NdrxÑh
hdÉ[dfõ Y=NdrxÑh
wkH cd;slhkaf.a Y=NdrxÑh
ohdfõ Y=NdrxÑh
Y=oaOd;auhdKkaf.a Y=NdrxÑh
ldka;djkaf.a Y=NdrxÑh
È<skaokaf.a Y=NdrxÑh
fldkajQjkaf.a Y=NdrxÑh
Æla ;=udf.a Y=NdrxÑh fufia úúO kïj,ska yeÈkaùug fya;= fudkjd ±hs úuid
n,uq'
1' hdÉ[dfõ Y=NdrxÑh
Y=NdrxÑh mqrdjg u —hdÉ[dj˜ ms<sn| jeä wjOdkhla fhduq lrk neúka hdÉ[dfõ
Y=NdrxÑh f,i y÷kajkq ,efí' WodyrK(
² fÊiqia jykafia fn!;Siauh ,nd hdÉ[d lrñka isáh § Y=oaOd;auhdKka
jykafia Wkajykafia u; my< jQ fial ^Æla 3(21&'
² wfmdaia;=¨jreka f;dard .ekSug fmr o Wkajykafia uq¿ /hla u hdÉ[dfjka
.; l< fial ^Æla 6(12&'
² fÊiqia jykafia hdÉ[d lrkq ±l Y%djlhka o Tjqkag hdÉ[d lrk wdldrh
W.kajk f,i b,a,d isá fial ^Æla 11(1&' túg fÊiqia jykafia —iaj¾.fhys
jev isák˜ hdÉ[dj b.ekajQ fial'
3
8
Tjqka wffO¾h fkdù fkdlvjd hdÉ[dfjys fhÈh hq;= nj olajk
ms‚i Wkajykafia Tjqkag fï Wmudj jÞ< fial' tla kqjrl
foúhkag ìh ke;s" ñksiqkag .re fkdlrk úksYaphldrfhla ù h'
tu kqjr jekaoUqjla o jQjd h¦ wE fkdfhla jr Tyq fj; f.dia" zudf.a
úreoaOldrhd ug l< whqla;shg" hqla;sh bIag l< uekjeZhs lSjd h'
Tyq l,la tA b,a,Su fkdi,ld yeßfha h' miqj Tyq ;udg u fufia
lshd .;af;a h" —ud foúhka jykafiag .reìh fkdmEj;a" ukqIHhkag
.re ire fkdl<;a" fï jekaoUqjf.a" lrorh ksid wE ks;r meñK ud
fkdfjfyik ms‚i" wEg hqla;sh bgq lr foñ˜hs lsfõ h'''' foúhka
jykafia;a" Èjd ? folays ;uka yg wheÈk" ;uka f;dard .;a wh .ek
hqla;sh bgq fkdlrk fiala o@ '''' Wkajykafia Tjqkag jyd u hqla;sh
bgq lrk fial'
^Æla 18(1¡8&
fÊiqia jykafia fuka wm o tÈfkod Ôú;h ;=< hdÉ[d lsÍug wu;l fkdl<
hq;= fõ'
2' wkH cd;slhkaf.a Y=NdrxÑh
wkH cd;slhka hkq cqod cd;shg wh;a fkdjQjka h' Æla Y=NdrxÑfha wkH cd;Ska
ms<sn| j úfYaI wjOdkhla fhduq lrk ksid wkH cd;Skaf.a Y=NdrxÑh f,i o
ye¢kafõ'
² fÊiqia jykafiaf.a Wm; ish¨ ck;djg wdkkaockl mqj;la nj foaj ¥;fhda
m%ldY l<y ^Æla 2(10¡14&'
² bYardfh,ajrekaf.a úuqla;sh wfmalaIdfjka isá isñfhdka kï Èjeisjrhd
fÊiqia jykafia úcd;Skag t<sh fok wdf,dalh nj m%ldY lf<a h ^Æla 2(32&'
² hym;a iuß;dkqjrhd ms<sn| Wmudfjka o wirK jQ ;eke;a;dg irK jQfha
iuß;dkq cd;slfhls ^Æla 10(30¡37&'
3' ohdfõ Y=NdrxÑh
fÊiqia jykafiaf.a O¾u¥; fiajdj ;=< mõlrejkag ohdj ±lajQ nj Æla ;=ud fmkajd
fohs' WodyrKhla f,i fkdu. .sh neg¿fjl= fidhd hk tfåfrl= f,i fÊiqia
jykafia mõlrejka fidhd hk wdldrh ke;sjqKq neg¿jd ms<sn| Wmudfjka
meyeÈ,s lrhs'
² wffO¾h fkdù fkdlvjd hdÉ[d l< hq;= nj jekaoUqj yd úksYaphldrhd
ms<sn| Wmudj olajhs'
9
Tn w;=frka neg¿jka ishhla we;s ljr ukqIHfhla" Wkaf.ka tfll=
ke;s jqjfyd;a" wkQkj fokd md¿lrfhys yer oud" ke;s jQ tld
miqmiafia f.dia" W! iïn jk ;=re fidhkafka keoao@ tA neg¿jd
iïn jQ úg Tyq m%S;s fjñka" W! lr ;nd f.k" f.or wjq;a ñ;=rka
o wi,ajeishka o le|jd" —ud iu. m%S;s jkak' udf.a ke;s jQ neg¿jd
iïn ù h˜hs Tjqkag lshhs'
^Æla 15(1¡6&
4' Y=oaOd;auhdKkaf.a Y=NdrxÑh
fjk;a Y=NdrxÑj,g jvd Y=oaOd;auhdKka jykafiaf.a l%shdldÍ;ajh .ek i|yka
lrk neúka Y=oaOd;auhdKkaf.a Y=NdrxÑh f,i ye¢kafõ'
tA i|yd tla WodyrKhla kï fÊiqia jykafiaf.a m%ido iakdmkfha § Y=oaOd;auhdKka
jykafia mrúfhla wdldrfhka Wkajykafia u; jev isá fial'
5' ldka;djkaf.a Y=NdrxÑh
ldka;djka ms<sn| fjk;a Y=NdrxÑj,g jvd i|yka jk ksid ldka;djkaf.a
Y=NdrxÑh f,i kï flf¾' tf,i i|yka jk ldka;djka lsysm fofkla fufia h'
² fÊiqia jykafiaf.a uE‚hka jQ ußh ;=ñh ^Æla 1(26¡56" 2(1¡21&'
² t,sifn;a ;=ñh ^Æla 1(5¡6&
² wkakd Èjeisjßh ^Æla 2(36¡38&
² kdhska kqjr jekaoUqj ^Æla 7(11¡17&
² mjqldr ia;%sh ^Æla 7(36¡50&
² iuyr ldka;djka fÊiqia jykafiag Wmia:dk lsÍu ^Æla 8(1¡3&
² ud¾;d yd ußhd ^Æla 10(38¡42&
² l=ÿ ia;%sh iqj lsÍu ^Æla 13(10¡17&
² fcrei,ï ia;%ska iekiSu ^Æla 23(27¡28&
10
6' È<skaokaf.a Y=NdrxÑh
È<skaoka w.h lrñka Tjqka foúhka jykafiag m%sh nj ikd: lrk ksid È<skaokaf.a
Y=NdrxÑh f,i o ±lafõ' WodyrK (¡
² Wkajykafiaf.a Wm; m<uqfjka u m%ldY lf<a ÿmam;a tfårekag h' ^Æla 2(10&'
² foaj rdcHh whs;s ÿmam;a whg h' —È<s÷ jQ Tn Nd.Hjka;fhda h¦ ukao" foúhka
jykafiaf.a rdcH Tnf.a h˜ ^Æla 6(20&'
7' fldkajQjkaf.a Y=NdrxÑh
fldkalsÍïj,g ,lajQjka ms<sn| j úfYaI wjOdkhla fhduq lrk ksid fldkajQjkaf.a
Y=NdrxÑh f,i o y÷kajkq ,efí'
² iflajqia ms<sn| isoaêh ^Æla 19(1¡10& tA i|yd WodyrKhls'
iflajqia whleñfhls' ^frdau wêrdcHhg nÿ tl;= lrkafkls&' cqÞ iudch
whleñhka mõlrejka f,i i,ld fldka l<y' tfia jQfha Tjqka idudkH ck;dj
;,d fm<d widOdrK f,i nÿ tl;= fldg jeämqr tl;= l< uqo,a Tjqka <Õ ;nd
.;a ksid h' fÊiqia jykafia tjeks whg wkqlïmd lr hyu.g .;a nj iflajqia
ms<sn| isoaêfhka úia;r lrhs'
Wkajykafia fcßfldajg msúi" tA ueÈka .sh fial' iflajqia kï
Okj;a m%Odk whleñfhla tys úh' Tyq fÊiqia jykafia ljqreka
±hs ne,Sug fiù h' tfy;a Tyq ñá flfkl= jQfhka iuqyhd ksid
th l< fkdyels úh' fÊiqia jykafia tA mdfrka hkak isá neúka"
Tyq fmrgqj ÿj f.dia" Wkajykafia olakd ms‚i w;a;slald .ig
kexf.a h' fÊiqia jykafia tA ia:dkhg meñK" Wv n,d" Tyqg l;d
fldg" —iflajqia" jydu ìug niskak' wo ug Tfí f.or kjd;eka
.kak ´ke h˜hs Tyqg jod< fial' Tyq jydu nei" wjq;a" m%S;sfhka
Wkajykafia ms<s.;af;a h' tA ÿgq ish,af,da" Wkajykafia mõldr
ukqIHfhl= iu. kjd;eka .kakg .sh fial˜hs lshñka fldÿf<da
h' iflajqia ke.sg —iajdóks" ud ika;l fohska foflka fldgila
È<sÿkag foñZ hful=f.ka whq;= f,i" hula f.k ;sfí kï" Tyqg
i;r .=Khla wdmiq foñ˜ iñ|dKka jykafiag lS h' fÊiqia jykafia
l;d lrñka" —.e,ùu wo fï f.org meñK we;¦ fudyq wdn%yïf.a
mq;%fhls' ukqIH mq;%hdfKda ke;s jQ foa fidhkakg o .,jd .kakg
o jevu l< fial˜hs jod< fial'
^Æla 19(1¡10&
11
wms o wm iu. Ôj;a jk lsisjl= lsis u fya;=jla ksid j;a fy<d fkd±lsh hq;= fjuq'
ieug lreKdj ±laúh yels myka is;la we;s lr .ksuq'
l%shdldrlu
1' Æla Y=NdrxÑh y÷kajk kï myla i|yka lrkak'
2' Æla Y=NdrxÑh —hdÉ[dfõ Y=NdrxÑh˜ f,i kï
lsÍug fya;= ;=kla ,shkak'
Ôú;hg ì|la
wirKjQjka fy<d fkd±l ish,a,kag ysñ f.!rjh
,nd fouq'
Ôú;hg ì|la
wirKjQjka fy<d fkd±l ish,a,kag ysñ f.!rjh
12
Æla Y=NdrxÑfha m‚jqv
wE; w;S;fha isg u ñksiaiq m‚jqv yqjudre lr .ekSug fkdfhla l%u Ndú; l<y'
wo todg;a jvd b;d myiqfjka yd úêu;a wdldrhg m‚jqv yqjudre lr .ekSug
wjia:d we;'
is;kak'''''' Tng jeo.;a m‚jqvhla ,enqfKd;a Tn lrkafka l=ula o@ tA m‚jqvfhka
lshfjk foa f;areï .ekSug W;aidy .kakjd fkdfõ o@ th wka wh iu. fnÞ
.kakjd fkdfõ o@ m‚jqvhl jákdlu rod mj;skafka th wod< md¾Yajh iu.
fnÞ .ekSfuka ,nk m%;spdrh ke;fyd;a m%;sM,h u; h'
wo Tfí Ôú;hg jeo.;a m‚jqvhla ,efnk Èkhla' '''' Y=oaO jQ Æla ;=ud úiska
rÑ; Y=NdrxÑh .ek wms l;d lf<uq' wo tys wka;¾.; m‚jqvh .ek fufkys
lruq' Y=oaO jQ Æla ;=udf.a Y=NdrxÑfhys m‚jqv uq¿ f,dalhg u h' tA ksid u
Æla Y=NdrxÑfhys we;=<;a m‚jqvj, úYaùh njla olakg ,efí' tfia kï Æla
Y=NdrxÑfhys ls;=kq Ôú;hg yd tys meje;aug jeo.;a jk m‚jqv fudkjd ±hs
y÷kd .ksuq'
1' m%S;sh yd ;=;s meiiqï
is; i;=áka mqrjk m%Yxid .Sj,ska fuu Y=NdrxÑh ieliS we;'
² ußhdjkaf.a Wodk .Sh ^Æla 1(46¡55&
² filßhia ;=udf.a m%Yxid .Sh ^Æla 1(68¡79&
² foaj ¥;hskaf.a meiiqï .Sh —w;s Wiia ;ekays foú÷kag uysuh o ñys msg foaj
m%idoh ,;a ckhd w;r iduh o fõjd˜hs .ehQy ^Æla 2(14&'
² úuqla;sodhlhdKka y÷kd .;a isñfhdkaf.a .Sh ^Æla 2(29¡32&
wms o m%S;su;a ieu wjia:djl u foúhka jykafia wu;l fkdfldg Wkajykafiag
m%Yxid l< hq;= nj u;l ;nd .ksuq' foaj m%Yxidfjka Ôú;h irid .ksuq'
2' ;uka i;= foh j.lSfuka hqla; j mßyrKh lsÍu
² iakdjl fcdyka ;=ud we;s wh ke;s wh iu. fnÞ .ekSug wdrdOkd lrhs ^Æla
3(10¡14&'
² fmdfydi;a fudavhd ms<sn| Wmudfõ § Okhg f,d,a ùug tfrys j fÊiqia
jykafia foaYkd l< fial ^Æla 12(13¡21" 16(14&'
² Okm;shd yd ,diria ms<sn| Wmudfjka o fï nj wjOdrKh lrhs'
4
13
w.kd kS,¡rla; jia;% yd isks÷ fiao frÈ ye| .;a" ieuod iem
úyrKfhka l,a hejQ tla Okm;sfhla úh' Tyqf.a ksjfia fÞrgqj
<Õ we. mqrdu jK ;snQ ,diria kï tla ysÕkafkla f.kjq;a
;nk ,È' Tyq Okm;shdf.a lEu fïifhka jefgk len,sj,ska
jqj o id.sks ksjd .ekSug i;=gq úh' n,af,da mjd Tyqf.a jK
f,j lEfjda h' tA ysÕkakd ñh .sh miq foaj ¥;hka úiska Tyq
wdn%yï <Õg f.k hk ,oafoa h' Okm;shd;a ueÍ N+uodk lrk
,oafoa h' Tyq wd;au Njfkys jO úÈñka weia Tijd wdn%yï o
Tyqf.a ;=re,af,a yqka ,diria o ÿßka ±l" fudr.id" —wdn%yï
msh;=fuks" ug lreKd fldg" ;u weÕs,s ;=v Èfha .s,ajd" udf.a
Èj f;ud,k ms‚i ,diria tjkq uekj' ukao" uu fï .sks
cd,fjys oyÿla úÈñ˜hs lSh' tfy;a wdn%yï ms<s;=re foñka" —mq;%h"
Tn ðj;a j isáh § yeu iem; u Tng ;snqKq nj o tf,i u
yeu úm; u ,diriag ;snqKq nj o isys lr.kak' tfy;a ±ka Tyq
fuys iekis,s ,nhs¦ Tn oyÿla úÈkafkys h'˜
^Æla 16(19¡31&
Okm;shdg iaj¾.hg hdug fkd,enqfKa ,diria ms<sn| fidhd n,d Tyqg Woõ
Wmldr fkdl< ksid h' Okh ÿ.Ska fjkqfjka jeh fkdl< ksid h' tu ksid
Okhg yd f,!lsl foaj,g jy,a fkdù tAjd j.lSfuka hq;= j mßyrKh lsÍug wm
Wkkaÿ úh hq;= h' we;s yels wh ke;s neß wh iu. fnod .; hq;= nj u;l ;nd
.; hq;= fjuq' tA i|yd ir, pdï Èú fmfj;lg yqre ùu w;HjYH fõ' ir, pdï
Èú fmfj;lg yqre ùug kï wm is;ska È<s÷ úh hq;= fõ'
3' wd.ñl j;a ms<sfj;a
² Æla Y=NdrxÑh wdrïN jkafka filßhia ;=udf.a hd.fhks ^Æla 1(5¡23&'
² ieu cqod msßñ orejl= u foúhka jykafiag lem lsÍu iïnkaO kS;shg .re
lrñka fÊiqia jykafia o foaj ud,s.dfõ lem lsÍfï ms<sfj; i|yd f.k hkq
,enQ nj Æla 2(22¡31ys ±lafõ'
² fÊiqia jykafia foaj ud,s.dfjys mdial= ux.,Hhg ußh ;=ñh yd cqfia ;=ud
iu. .sh fial ^Æla 2(41¡52&'
iudchSh kS;sÍ;sj,g .re lsÍug wms ne£ isáuq' úfYaIfhka wd.ñl kS;sÍ;s foaj
jkaokdj i|yd wmg uÕ fmkajk neúka tAjdg wjk; j Ôj;aùug W;aidy l<
hq;= fjuq' fÊiqia jykafia fuka wka wh fjkqfjka leãug" ì£ug" jeh ùug
iQodkï úh hq;= fõ'
14
Y=NdrxÑh fy<s flfrk úYaùh yd i¾j ld,Sk m‚jqv wms wfma Ôú; wdf,dalj;a
lr .ekSug fya;= lr .ksuq'
l%shdldrlu
1' Æla Y=NdrxÑfhys wvx.= m‚jqv ;=kla i|yka
lrkak'
2' tu tla m‚jqvhla Tfí Ôú;h fmdfydi;a lr
.ekSug fhdod .kakd wdldrh ,shkak'
Ôú;hg ì|la
Y=NdrxÑ m‚jqvh Ôú;hg wdf,dalhla lr .ksuq'
Ôú;hg ì|la
Y=NdrxÑ m‚jqvh Ôú;hg wdf,dalhla lr .ksuq'
15
Æla Y=NdrxÑfha ie,eiau
Tfí ksji .ek uolg is;kak'''' ksjig we;=¿ úh yelafla fld;kska o@ ksjfia
ldur lShla ;sfí o@ tAjd fjka lr we;af;a fudkjdg o@ tys fodrj,a yd cfka,
we;af;a flfia o@ lShla o@ ksjfiys ie,eiau iïnkaOfhka Tng we;s ±kqu ksid
ksji ;=< myiqfjka Ôj;a ùug Tng yelshdj ;sfí' Tfí ksjig ie,iqï lrefjla
isáfha h' Tyqf.a ie,eiau ;=< Tfí ksji bÈ ù we;'
fmd;l o wdlD;shla we;' wmg fmdf;ys ie,eiau ms<sn| wjfndaOhla we;akï th
myiqfjka mßyrKh lsÍug yelshdj we;'
Y=oaO jQ Æla ;=ud o olaI l;=jrfhl= f,i ie,eiaula we;s j ;u Y=NdrxÑh rpkd
lr we;' tA ksid u Y=NdrxÑh myiqfjka lshùug;a f;areï .ekSug;a yelshdj we;'
ye|skaùu ^Æla 1(1¡4&
olaI f,aLlhl= ish lD;sh ms<sn| ye¢kaùula lrhs' tf,i u Æla ;=ud o ;u
Y=NdrxÑh wdrïNfha § ye¢kaùula lrhs ^Æla 1(1¡4&' Æla ;=ud jd¾;d lrk lreKq
weiska ÿgq idlaIs fkdj weiska ÿgq whf.ka ±k .;a tAjd h' Æla ;=udg wjYH jkqfha
tAlrdYS lr .;a lrKq úêu;a f,i f.dkq lr ±laùughs'
fÊiqia jykafiaf.a <ud úh ms<sn| l;d ^Æla 1(5¡2(52&
fÊiqia jykafiaf.a <ud úh ms<sn| j Y=NdrxÑ l;=jre fofofkla lreKq bÈßm;a
lr;s' tA fofokd kï Y=oaO jQ uf;õ ;=ud yd Y=oaO jQ Æla ;=ud h' Æla ;=udg wjYH
jkafka úêu;a jD;a;dka;hla ks¾udKh lsÍu ksid fÊiqia jykafiaf.a Wmf;a isg
lreKq fm< .iajd we;' fÊiqia jykafiaf.a Wm; ^Æla 2(1¡20&" fÊiqia jykafia foaj
ud,s.dfõ § lem lrkq ,eîu ^Æla 2(22¡38&" fÊiqia jykafiaf.a <ud úh ^Æla
2(39¡40& yd jhi wjqreÿ 12 § foudmshkaf.ka u.yeÍ kej; foaj ud,s.dfõ § u
fidhd .kq ,eîu ^2(41¡52& fuys úia;r lr we;'
fu;=ud ish lD;sh ms<s.kajkafka —Y%Su;a ;sfhdams,ia ;=ud˜ fj; h ^Æla 1(1&' Æla
Y=NdrxÑfha fojk fj¿u f,i ie,flk wfmdaia;=¨jrekaf.a l%shd fmd; o ms<s.kajd
we;af;a fuu ;eke;a;dg h ^l%shd 1(1&' —;sfhdams,ia˜ hkafkys f;areu —foúhka
jykafiaf.a ñ;%hd˜ hkakhs' —Y%Su;a˜ hk fhÿfuka Tyq iudcfha Wiia ks,Odßfhl=
f,i ie,lsh yels h'
5
16
fÊiqia jykafiaf.a ¥; fufyjr i|yd iqodku ^Æla 3(1¡4(13&
fÊiqia jykafia ms<s.ekSug ck;dj iqodkï lsÍfï j.lSu mejÍ ;snqfKa iakdjl
fcdyka ;=udg h' fu;=ud foaYkd lrñka yd c,fhka fn!;Siau lrñka ck;djf.a
is;ai;ka fÊiqia jykafia ms<s.ekSug iqodkï lf<a h' fhidhd Èjeisjrhd i|yka
lrk wdldrhg md¿lrfhys fudr.ik y~ iakdjl fcdyka ;=udf.a h ^fhidhd
40(3¡5&' w;S;fha isá ish¨ foaj fiajlhkag jvd fu;=ud fY%aIaG h' fÊiqia jykafiaf.a
meñŒu yd Wkajykafiaf.a ld¾hhg ñksia is;a i;ka wdOHd;añl j iqodkï lsÍfï
j.lSu mejfrkafka iakdjl fcdyka ;=udg h' t;=ud md¿lrfha hdÉ[dfõ yd ±ä
u¾ok l%shdj, ksr; fjñka ÿIalr Ôú;hla .; l< w;r i;Hhg idlaIs ±rE Wodr
mqoa.,fhls'
.,S,fha fiajdj ^Æla 4(14¡9(50&
fÊiqia jykafia ish m%isoaO Ôú;h wdrïN lrkafka .,S,fhks' Wkajykafiaf.a
b.ekaùï yd iqj lsÍï iïnkaO f;dr;=re iuyrla fuu fldgfiys olakg we;'
.,S,fha isg fcrei,u olajd .uk ^Æla 9(51¡19(27&
.,S,fha fiajdj ksu jQ miq fÊiqia jykafia fcrei,fuys fiajhg msg;a j .sh
fial' ls;=kq Èúh .; lsÍug wjYH Wmfoia rdYshla fuu fldgfiys we;'
17
l%sia;=ka jykafiaf.a ld,fha
.,S,fha uqyqold¾fu,a lkao
kdifr;a
kdhska
ldhsidßh
fcdmamdjwßud;sh
tïudjqia fcßfldajfn;amd.h
fn;dksh
u< uqyqo
fyfn%dka
fcrei,u
fn;af,fyu
fc
d¾Þk
a .Õ
lm¾kjquldkd
ms,smams
ldhsidßh
uOHOr‚
uqyqo
iudßh
cqoh
fcrei,fï § l< fiajdj ^Æla 19(28¡21(38&
fÊiqia jykafia fcrei,fuys l< fiajdjka fuys úia;r fõ'
¸' Æla 19(28¡44 fÊiqia jykafia f.dí breÈk fldg¿fjl= msg ke. fcrei,ug
msúiSu fuys úia;r lrhs'
m,ia;Skh
.,S,h
18
¸¸' Æla 19(45¡48 foaj ud,s.dj ;=< fj<|dï l< fjf<ÿka m,jd yeÍu fuu
fldgfiys úia;r fõ'
¸¸¸' Æla 20(1¡21(37 fÊiqia jykafia fcrei,fuys l< lS foaj,a fuys úia;r fõ'
ÿla ú£u" Wl=;a ùu" W;a:dkh yd o¾Yk ùï ^Æla 22(1¡24(53&
Y=NdrxÑj, b;du;a jeo.;a fldgila f,i ie,flk mdial= wNsryi ^fÊiqia
jykafiaf.a ÿla ú£u" Wl=;a ùu yd W;a:dkh& iïnkaO mqj; fuys ±lafõ' tïudjqia
ud¾.fhys fÊiqia jykafiag yuq jQ Y%djlhska fofokd iïnkaO mqj; o fuys we;'
´kEu ldrKhl id¾:l;ajh" tA i|yd lrkq ,nk iqÞku u; rÞ mj;s' ie,eiau
we;s ;ek" ke;s ;ekg jvd l%udkql+, h' Tng olaIhl= ùug wjYH kï Tn tA
i|yd iQodkï úh hq;= h'
l%shdldrlu
1' Æla Y=NdrxÑfha ieleiafuys we;s m%Odk fldgia
kï lrkak'
2' is;shfï my; i|yka ia:dk y÷kdf.k tu ia:dk
jeo.;a ùug fya;==j i|yka lrkak'
^fn;af,fyu" .,S,h" kdifr;a" fcd¾odka .Õ"
fcrei,u&
Ôú;hg ì|la
id¾:l Ôú; meje;aulg ms<sfj< fyda l%udkql+, nj
w;HjYH neõ jgyd f.k wfma Ôú; ilia lr .ksuq'
19
fuishdksl wkdjels
wfma wdÈ ujqmshka jQfha wdoï iy tAj h' Tjqyq foúhka jykafiag wlSlre jQy'
tu ksid Tjqka tAoka Whfkka fkrmkq ,eì‚' ;u jrfoka yd ;u leue;af;ka
mdmhg jegqKq ñksidg foúhka jykafia fm%au l< fial' wysñ jQ iod;k Ôú;h
kej; Wod lr fok ms‚i .e,jqïlrefjl= tùug fmdfrdkaÿ jQ fial'
wdn%yï ;=udf.a le|ùu
f,dal .e,jqïlrejdKka jQ fÊiqia jykafia fuf,djg tùu i|yd .e,ùfï
b;sydih iqodkï lsÍug foúhka jykafia wdn%yï ;=ud le|jQ fial'
6'1 rEmh ¡ wdoï iy tAj
6
20
iñ|dKka jykafia wdn%ïg ^wdn%yïg& l;d fldg" —kqfò
uõ ìu o kqfò kE±hka o kqfò mshdf.a .Dyh o w;ayer oud"
ud fmkajkakg hk foaYhg hkak' uu kqU u.ska úYd,
cd;shla we;s lrkafkñ' uu kqUg wdYs¾jdo lrkafkñ¦
kqfò kduh ''' lS¾;shg muqKqjkafkñ' kqUg wdisß m;k
whg uu;a wdisß m;ñ' kqUg foia ;nk whg uu;a foia
;nñ' kqU uf.ka wdisß ,;a whqßka ñys u; iõ i; wdisß
,nkq we;'˜
^W;am;a;s 12(1¡3&
fuu le|ùug ms<s;=re ÿka wdn%yï ;=ud" foúhka jykafia lS f,i fmdfrdkaÿ
foaYh n,d msg;a úh' fuh t;=udf.a ±ä úYajdihg idlaIshls'
wdn%ïg jhi wjqreÿ ye;a;Emyla jQ l, iñ|dKka jykafia Tyqg
jÞ< f,ig" Tyq ydrdka foaYfhka msg;a úh '''' fufia wdn%ï ish
ìß| jk idrhs o ;u fidfydhqrdf.a mq;a jk f,d;a o ydrdka
foaYfhka /ia lr .;a ish¨ iïm;a yd ±is oiqka o /f.k ldkdka
foaYh n,d kslau f.dia tys iem;a úh' wdn%ï" tA foaYh Tiafia
.uka lr fIflï k.rfha Y=oaO N+ñh jk fudf¾ys wdf,dak wrU
olajd meñ‚fha h' tl, tA rfÜ ldkdksjre isáfhda h'
^W;am;a;s 12(4¡6&
fuishia jykafia ms<sn| Èjeia jels
foúhka jykafia fuf,i wdn%yï ;=ud le|jkq ,enQfõ f,dal .e,jqïlrejdKka
jQ fÊiqia jykafia fuf,djg tùug cd;shla ìys lsÍug h' tu cd;sh jQfha cqod
cd;shhs' tu cd;sfha fY%aIaG rc;=fula jQfha odú;a rc;=ud h' Þú;a rc;=udf.ka
f,dal .e,jqïlrejdKka meñfKk nj kd;dka Èjeisjrhd odú;a rc;=udg okajkq
,enqfõ my; jpkj,sks'
21
kqfò wdhq ld,h iïmQ¾K ù kqfò mshjreka iu. ie;mqK l,ays"
uu kqfUka mej; tk kqfò u orefjl= kqUg miq rclug kxjd
Tyqf.a rdcHfhys Tyq iaÒr lrkafkñ''' kqfò jxYh o rdcY%Sh o
ud bÈßfhys ioyg u iaÓr lrkq ,nkafka h' kqfò isxydikh
ioyg u msysgqjkq ,nkafka h'˜
^2 iduqfj,a 7(12¡16&
l%sia;=ka jykafia wmf.a rcdfKda h' Wkajykafiaf.a rdcHh ioyg u mj;skafka h'
fÊiqia jykafia lkHdjlf.ka bm§ug kshñ; nj my; Èjeia jelsh fmkajd fohs'
iñ|dKka jykafia u kqU,dg ,l=Kla fok fial'
n,kak" lkHdjla ms<sis| f.k mq;%fhl= ìys lrkakS h¦
tïudkqfj,a hk ku Tyqg ;nkakS h'
^fhidhd 7(14&
tu lkHdj jQfha ußfhda;a;udjka h' t;=ñhf.a mq;%hdg ,efnk kduh tïudkqfj,a
h' tys w¾:h —foúhka jykafia wm iu. h˜ hkakhs' fÊiqia jykafia foúhka
jykafiaf.a mq;%hdKka jk ksid Wkajykafiaf.a Wm; ;=<ska foúhka jykafia wm
iu. úiSug meñ‚ fial'
tïnd fn;af,fyï tm%d;dæ
;S cqodys f.da;%j,ska
b;d w,am jkafkys h'
tfy;a" bYardfh,a flfrys
wêm;shd ùug flfkla
;S flfrka ke.S tkafka h'
t;=ukaf.a fm<mf;a uq,
ÿrd;S;fhka o
mer‚ hq.fhka o tkakls˜ '''' t;=udfKda iduodkh
f.k fok fial'
^óld 5(2¡5&
22
fuu nhsn,a mdGh wkqj fÊiqia jykafia fyj;a fuishia jykafia Wm; ,nkafka
fn;af,fyfï h' Wkajykafia idufha l=udrhdfKda h' ke;s ù .sh foaj in|;dj
f.dvk.ñka Wkajykafia wmg iduh Wod lrk fial'
foúhka jykafiaf.a .e,ùfï ie,eiau mQ¾K;ajhg m;a lsÍu i|yd le|jkq
,enQfjda foaj yvg ijka § lSlre jQy' wm o tu foaj ie,eiaug wkq.; úh hq;= h'
foúhka jykafia wm o úúO ;;a;ajhka ;=< úúO fiajdjka i|yd le|jk fial'
foúhka jykafiaf.a .e,ùfï ie,eiau wm úYajdifhka hq;= j ms<s.; hq;= h' foaj
jpkfhka wmg o foaj ie,eiau wkdjrKh fõ' ish,af,da u foúhka jykafiaf.a
.e,ùfï ie,eiafï ysñldr;ajh ,n;s'
l%shdldrlu
1' fuishia jykafia ms<sn| j Èjeisjreka bÈßm;a l< Èjeia
jels ;=kla i|yka lrkak'
2' foaj ie,eiaug wkq.dó ùug Tng l< yels foaj,a ;=kla
,shkak'
3' my; i|yka úúO fiajd i|yd Tng le|ùula ,enqfKd;a
foaj orefjl= f,i l%shd lrk wdldrh fjk fjk u
olajkak'
w& mka;sfha kdhl;ajhg m;a lsÍu
wd& mdif,a ÈjH mQcdj ixúOdkh lsÍug m;a lsÍu
we& mdif,a l%Svd kdhl f,i m;a lsÍu
wE& óifï Y%uodkhlg iyNd.s ùug wjia:dj ,eîu'
Ôú;hg ì|la
² foúhka jykafiaf.a y~g lSlre fjuq'
² mejfrk j.lSï Woafhda.fhka bgq lruq'
² foaj orejka f,i l%shd lrñka Y=oaO jQ iNdj fmdaIKh lruq'
Ôú;hg ì|la
23
iM, jQ fuishdksl wkdjels
filßhia ;=udg iakdjl fcdyka ;=udf.a Wm; ±kqï §u
filßhia ;=ud cqÞ wd.fï mQclfhls' tla;rd ojila iajdóka jykafiaf.a Y=oaOdikhg
msúi iqj| ÿï mQcd lsÍfï jdrh" odÿ ±ófuka" filßhia ;=udg mejß‚' iajdóka
jykafiaf.a ¥;fhla t;=udg o¾Ykh úh' filßhia ;=ud Tyq ±l le<ö ìhm;a úh'
foaj ¥;hd t;=udg l;d fldg fufia mejiS h(
filßhia" ìh fkdjkak' ukao" Tfí hdÉ[dj wikq ,eî
h' Tfí ìß| jk t,sifn;a Tnf.ka mqf;l= ,nkakS h'
Tyqg fcdyka hhs kï ;nkak'
^Æla 1(13&
tu foaj m‚jqvh woyd .; fkdyels jQ uy¨ filßhia ;==ud foaj ¥;hdf.ka
fufia úuid isáfha h(
7
ud fuh ±k.kafka flfia o@ uu uy,af,lañ¦ udf.a
Nd¾hdj o jhia.; j isà'
^Æla 1(18&
foaj m‚jqvh wúYajdi l< filßhia ;=udg úmdl ysñ úh'
n,kak" kshu ld,fhys bgqjkak hk" ud lS foa Tn
wúYajdi l< neúka" fï ldrKd isÿ jk oji olajd Tn
l;d l< fkdyels j ksyv jkq we;'
^Æla 1(20&
filßhia ;=ud yd t,sifn;a ;=ñh uy¨ j isáh § foaj ¥;hd m%ldY l< mßÈ u
orefjl= ,eì‚' tu.ska foaj ¥;hd m%ldY l< wkdjelsh bgq úh'
24
úmq, m%ido ,;a W;a;ñh" Tng ux., fõ¦ iñ|dKka
jykafia Tn iu. h'
^Æla 1(28&
tu foaj m‚jqvh wid ußh ;=ñh w;sYhska le<ö fï flnÿ wdpdrhla ±hs is; is;d
isák úg foaj ÿ;hd kej; t;=ñh weu;=fõ h'
ußhdKkS" ìh fkdjkak" Tn foúhka jykafiaf.ka jrm%ido
,oafoys h' fï n,kak" Tn ms<sis|f.k mqf;l= ,nkafkys
h¦ Wkajykafiag fÊiqia hk kduh ;nkak' Wkajykafia
fYa%IaG jk fial" mrfuda;a;uhdKkaf.a mq;%hdfKda hhs
lshkq ,nk fial¦ Wkajykafiaf.a msh jQ odú;af.a isxydikh
foú iajdñka jykafia Wkajykafiag m%odkh lrk fial¦
Wkajykafia cdfldíf.a jxYh flfrys i|yg u rclï lrk
fial¦ Wkajykafiaf.a rdcHh fl<jrla fkdolaafka h˜
^Æla 1(30¡33&
ußh ;=ñh .dì%fh,a foaj ¥;hdf.a m‚jqvh ±ä f,i úYajdi lr foaj y~g lSlre
jQjd h'
cqfia ;=udg fÊiqia jykafiaf.a Wm; ±kqï §u
ußh ;=ñh yd cqfia ;=ud újdy .súif.k isáh § t;=ñh .eíf.k isák nj
cqfia ;=ud ±k .;af;a h' i;a mqreIfhl= jQ cqfia ;=ud" t;=ñh m%isoaêfha kskaodjg
fkdmuqKqjk woyiska" ryiska t;=ñh w;ayer oukakg is;d .;af;a h' tfy;a
t;=ud fï ldrKh .ek l,amkd lrñka isáh § iñ|dKka jykafiaf.a ¥;fhla
isyskhlska t;=udg o¾Ykh ù fufia m%ldY lf<a h'
ußh ;=ñhg fÊiqia jykafiaf.a Wm; ±kqï §u
.dì%fh,a foaj ¥;hd .,S,fha kdifr;a kqjr úiQ odú;a rc mrmqfrka mej; tk
cqfia ;=udg újdy .súiqï § isá lkH ußh ;=ñh fj; meñK fufia mejiS h'
25
odú;af.a mq;a fcdafima" Tfí ìß| jk ußhd mdjd .kakg
ìh fkdjkak¦ ukao" wE .eíf.k we;af;a Y=oaOd;auhdKka
wkqyisks' wE mqf;l= ìys lrkakS h¦ Wkajykafiag fÊiqia
hk kduh ;eìh hq;= h¦ ukao ish fikÕ Tjqkaf.a mdmj,ska
uqod,kafka t;=udfKda h'
^uf;õ 1(20¡21&
cqfia ;=ud kskafoka wjÈ jQ úg iñ|dKka jykafiaf.a ¥;hd t;=udg wK l< f,i
ish ìß| lekaÞf.k .sfha h'
fÊiqia jykafiaf.a Wm;
l,lg fmr tA fn;af,fyfï ¡ Y=oaO jQ k.f¾
fÊiq fuf,djg ìys jqfKa ¡ mqxÑ .juvqfõ $$
Wÿjma udfia iS;, ojil ueÈhï ? hdfï
foõujq ;=ref,a WKqiqu ,nñka fï f,daflg wdfõ
iS; iq<x /<ss oi; yuoa§ ie;mS,hs Wkafka
ÿmam;a tfåre fï nj ±k f.k .jf,k fj; hkafka
ußh ;-=óf.a fmïnr uqyqfKa t<shla ÈiajQfha
cqfia ;=ud lsisodl;a kE foõ wKlg msgqmEfõ
jgmsg frdla ù WïnE .dñka yrl=ka lE .i;S
rc;=ka lÜgqj ì<s÷ <Õ jeà m~qre Tmamq lr;S
ñksia iudch mdfmka fírd .kakg fuys wdjd
Èjeiajreka fndfyda l,lg fmr lS foa bka bgqjQjd
by; .S;sldj ;d,hg .dhkd lrkak'
26
fÊiqia jykafiaf.a W;am;a;sh;a iu. Wkajykafia ms<sn| j Èjeisjre mjid ;snQ
Èjeia jels iM, úh' ußh ;=ñh foaj y~g lSlre ù ;uka uq¿ukska foúhka
jykafiag lem l<d h' cqfia ;=ud o foaj y~g ijka ÿkafka h' foúhka jykafiaf.a
y~g wm o lSlre úh hq;= h' foúhka jykafia úúO ud¾.j,ska wmg l;d lrk fial'
wms tA y~g weyqïlka Èh hq;= fjuq' fÊiqia jykafia È<skafol= f,i fn;af,fyfï
Wm; ,enQ w;r Wkajykafia È<skaokaf.a is;a ikik fial'
l%shdldrlu
1' my; i|yka nhsn,a mdGhkays wjia:d iïnkaOh fjk fjk
u ,shkak' ^ljfrl= úiska ldyg lshk ,oaola o@&
¸' —ud fuh ±k.kafka flfiao@ uu uy,af,lañ¦˜
¸¸' —úmq, m%ido ,;a W;a;ñh" Tng ux., fõ¦ iñ|dKka
jykafia Tn iu. h˜
¸¸¸' —'''' ukao ish fikÕ Tjqkaf.a mdmj,ska uqod,kafka
t;=udfKda h˜
Ôú;hg ì|la
foaj jpkh fufkys lsÍug;a tu.ska wkdjrKh jk foaj
y`vg wjk; j Ôj;a ùug;a lghq;= lruq'
tiufhys" wêrdcHfha ish¨ jeishkaf.a ix.Kkhla .ekSug
wf.dia;=ia wêrdchd fj;ska ksfhda.hla kslañ‚' fï jkdys l=f¾kshia
isßhdfõ wdKavqldrhd j isáh § lrk ,o m<uqjk ix.Kkh hs'
ish,af,da ,shdmÈxÑ jkq ms‚i ;u ;ukaf.a kqjrj,g .shy' fcdafima
o odú;af.a jxYh yd fm<m;g whs;s jQfhka" .,S,fha kdifr;a kqjß-
ka kslau cqofha fn;af,fyï kï odú;af.a kqjr n,d .sfha h' Tyq
.sfha" ;udg újdy .súiqï ÿka" .eíf.k isá ußh ;=ó iu. ,shdmÈxÑ
jk ms‚i h' ;j o" Tjqka tys isáh § wef.a m%ij ld,h iïmQ¾K
úh' wE l=¨÷,a mq;%hd ìys fldg frÈj,ska T;d" kjd;ekaf.hs bvlv
fkd;snqKq neúka" .j Trejl nEjQjd h'
^Æla 2(1¡7&
Ôú;hg ì|la
foaj jpkh fufkys lsÍug;a tu.ska wkdjrKh jk foaj
fÊiqia jykafiaf.a W;am;a;sh Y=oaO jQ Æla ;=ud jd¾;d lrkafka fufia h(
27
Y=oaO jQ iakdjl fcdyka ;=ud
8'1 rEmh ¡ Y=oaO jQ iakdjl fcdyka ;=ud
filßhia ;=ud iy t,sifn;a ;=ñh Y=oaO jQ iakdjl fcdyka ;=udf.a foudmsfhda
jQy' uj jQ t,sifn;a ;-=ñh foaj ud;djkaf.a {d;sjßhls' filßhia cqod mQcl
fm<m;g wh;a jQfjls'
iakdjl fcdyka ;=ud Wm; ,nd wgjk Èkfha § p¾uÉfþok ms<sfj; isÿ lsÍug
yd kï ;eîug iqodkï jQ wjia:dfõ filßhia ;=ud iajdóka jykafiaf.a ÿ;hd lS
ku m%ldY l< miq t;=udf.a f.d¿ nj ÿre úh'
Tyq ,shk ,E,a,la b,a,df.k" —Tyqf.a ku fcdyka h˜hs
,sù h' ish,af,da u uú; jQy' tflfKys u Tyqf.a l;d
Yla;sh ,eì‚'
^Æla 1(63¡64&
iakdjl fcdyka ;=ud ck;d fufyjr wdrïN lf<a fcd¾odka .fÕa tAfkdka
f;dgqm< wdY%s; m%foaYfha h' m<.eáhka yd jk ó t;=udf.a wdydrh úh' Tgq f,dï
jia;%hla we|" bK jgd yï máhla ne| isá fu;=udg mejreKq foaj ld¾hh jkafka
fuishia jykafiaf.a" tkï jäkakg isák ;ekeka jykafia jQ fÊiqia jykafiaf.a
fmru. iqodkï lsÍu h'
8
28
iakdjl fcdyka ;=udf.a foaYkh ^Æla 3(1¡14&
iakdjl fcdyka ;=ud yuq ù" foaj m‚jqvhlg ijka fokakg iudcfha ieu
;rd;srulg u wh;a ck fldgia meñ‚fhda h' wjYH j ;snqfKa .e,jqïlrejdKka
ms<s.ekSug ck;dj iqÞkï lsÍu h' tA i|yd ienE Ôú; fjkia ùula we;s l< hq;=
úh' fuf;la .; l< mdmldÍ" wd;au jxpksl" wd;aud¾:ldó" jxl ;;a;ajfhka
ñ§ kj;djlg m;a úh hq;= úh' fujka miqìul iakdjl fcdyka ;=ud fcd¾Þka
.Õ wjg m%foaYfha ießirñka" mõ ludj ms‚i miq;eù is;a yrjd f.k fn!;Siau
iakdmkh ,nkakehs m%ldY lf<a h ^Æla 3(3&'
tod iudcfha by< u uÜgfï jecUqK m%N+jreka wu;d fufia m%ldY lf<a h'
tïnd fmdf<dx jxYh" tkak ;sfnk Woyiska m,d hkak
kqU,dg wjjdo flf<a ljfrla o@ tneúka wdn%yï wfma
mshdfKda hhs is;ska lshd .kak mgka fkdf.k ukia:dm jQ
nj ±lafjk f,i yeisfrkak'
^Æla 3(7¡8&
wyxldrfhka msïî isá m%N+ ck;dj ks;r u is;=fõ ;uka l=uk fkdmk;alï
l<;a tAjd ish,a, Tjqkaf.a wdÈ mshd jQ wdn%yï ;=udf.a m%n, O¾ñIaGlu ksid uelS
hk nj h' tA ksid Tjqyq wdn%yï ;=udf.a ku úl=Kñka iudcfha fkdfhl=;a ¥Is;
l%shdjkays ksr; jQy' tA ksid wdn%yï ;=udf.a mrmqrg wh;a ùu ksid u .e,ùu
Tjqkg fkd,efnk nj;a" tA i|yd ukia:dmkh ùu w;HjYH nj;a iakdjl fcdyka
;=ud wjOdrKh lf<a h' tf,i u wmg o m%ido iakdmkh ,enQ mu‚ka .e,ùu
fkd,efí' tA i|yd wmf.a mõj,g ukia:dmkhla we;s lr f.k mdmfhka tf;r
ù foúhka jykafiag m%ikak j Ôj;a úh hq;= fõ'
iakdjl fcdyka ;=ud cqod kdhlhka ÿgqfõ fmd<Õ=ka f,i h' fmd<Õd neÆ ne,aug
ndysr j b;d ±l=ïl¨ j¾K rgd iys; iulska hqla; h' tfy;a we;=<dka;fha we;af;a
udrl úIls' iudchg wjYH jkafka fujeks wd;aud¾:ldó /já,sldr fjiauqyqKq
oud .;a ìysiqKq mqoa.,hka fkdfõ' Tjqka ;=< ñksi;alu ke;' iudchg wjYH
jkafka hym;a ñksiqka h' tA i|yd ienE is;a yeÍula wjYH h' is;ayeÍu we;s
jkafka wjxl miq;eú,a,lsks' miq;eú,s ùug ksy;udkS j ;u ÿ¾j,lï" wvqmdvq"
jerÈ ms<s.ekSu wjYH fõ' tfia fkdjqj fyd;a isÿ jk foa iakdjl fcdyka ;=ud
m%ldY lrkafka fufia h'
29
±kgu;a fmdfrdj .ia uq,aj,g t,a, lr we;' tneúka fyd|
m, fkdork ish¨ .ia lmd .skafkys fy<kq we;'
^Æla 3(9&
fuf,i udkj b;sydifha ;SrKd;aul fudfyd; Wodù we;s nj fmkajd fohs' fï
wkqYdikfhka fkdikaiqka jQ ck;dj" —±ka wm l=ula l< hq;= ±˜hs ke.+ m%Yakhg
fokafka b;d w.kd ms<s;=rls'
w|k folla we;s wh ke;s whg fo;a jd¦ lEu we;s
wh lEu ke;s whg fo;a jd¦
^Æla 3(11&
mqoa.,fhl=g wju jYfhka w|k folla wjYHh h' tlla fiaÿ úg wfkl Ndú;
l< yels h' fuhska iakdjl fcdyka ;=ud wmg wdrdOkd lrkafka wmg w;HjYH
foa mjd wka wh iu. fnod .ekSug h'
fcdyka ;=udf.a B<Õ wkqYdikh whleñhkag h'
kshñ; muKg jeäfhka wh nÿ fkd.kak'
^Æla 3(13&
tA ld,iSudfõ § m,ia;Skh frdau wêrdcHfha hg;a úð;hls' frdau md,lfhda hg;a
úð;j,ska úúOdldr nÿ wh l<y( tys § nÿ wh lrkakkag ;uka tl;= lrk
uqof,ka jÜgula ysñ úh' ;u wdodhï jeälr .ekSug muK blaujd nÿ tl;=
lsÍug whleñfhda lghq;= l<y' fcdyka ;=ud yuqod ks,OdÍkag o Wmfoia fokafka
fuf,i h(
lsisjl=f.ka n,y;aldrfhkaj;a fndre fpdaokd ke.Sfukaj;a
lsisjla meyer fkd.kak' Tng ,efnk jegqfmka iEyS isákak'
^Æla 3(14&
30
t;=ud n,dfmdfrd;a;= jQfha jxllñka lmálñka ¥Is; fkdjQ iudchla f.dvke.Su
i|yd ck;dj ;=< hym;a wdl,am j¾Okh lsÍu h' hï f,ilska wo iakdjl
fcdyka ;=ud Y%S ,xldjg meñ‚hfyd;a" Tng t;=ud tjeks Ôú;hlg m‚jqvhla
bÈßm;a lrkq we;'
fÊiqia jykafia ms<sn| j iakdjl fcdyka ;=udf.a idlaIsh
iakdjl fcdyka ;=ud fuishia jykafia o lshd fndfyda wh m%Yak l<y' tA whg
iakdjl fcdyka ;=ud ms<s;=re foñka fufia m%ldY lf<a h(
uu kï" Tn j;=frka nõ;Siau¡iakdmkh lrñ¦ tfy;a ug
jvd wdkqNdj iïmkak W;=fula tkafka h¦ t;=ukaf.a mdjyka
má uqokakg j;a uu fkdjáñ¦ t;=udfKda Y=oaOd;auhdKkaf.ka o
.skafkka o Tn nõ;Siau¡iakdmkh lrjk fial' lu; fyd|
yeá msßisÿ lrk ms‚i;a" OdkH fmd<d ish wgqfjys /ia lrk
ms‚i;a" Wkajykafiaf.a wf;ys l=,a, we;¦ tfy;a fnd,a
fkdksfjk .skafkka ojkq ,efí'
^Æla 3(16¡17&
iakdjl fcdyka ;=udf.a urKh ^uf;õ 14(1¡12&
tl, .,S,fha wdKavqldr fyfrdoa wekaámiaf.a jerÈ l%shd fy<d olsñka m%isoaêfha
l;d lsÍu ksid iakdjl fcdyka ;=ud fyfrdaoa úiska isr.; lf<a h' ;u
fidfydhqrdf.a Nd¾hdj jQ fyfrdaÈhia Tyq ;nd f.k isàug úreoaOj l;d lf<a h'
fyfrdaoa úiska iakdjl fcdyka ueÍug woyia l< kuq;a" ck;dj iakdjl fcdyka
Èjeisjrfhl= f,i ie,l+ ksid" Tyq Tjqkg ìh j isáfha h'
fyfrdoaf.a Wmka Èkh meñ‚ l, fyfrdaÈhiaf.a ÿj msßi
bÈßfhys rÕ md fyfrdoaf.a uk mskjQjd h' tfyhska weh b,a,k
ljr fohla fyda wehg §ug Èjqreulska Tyq fmdfrdkaÿ úh' wE
o ish ujf.a Wmfoia wkqj" —iakdjl fcdykaf.a ysi ;eáhl ,d
fuys § ug ÿk uekje˜hs lSjd h' tA weiQ rc w;sYhska fYdal úh'
tfy;a" ;udf.a Èjqreu ksid;a" ;ud iu. isá wuq;a;ka ksid;a" Tyq
ta b,a,Su bgq lsÍug wK § flfkl= hjd ysrf.or § fcdykaf.a
ysi is| ù h' tA ysi ;eáhl ,d f.keú;a ;re‚hg fok ,oafoa h'
^uf;õ 14(6¡11&
31
iakdjl fcdyka ;=ud fuka wm o i;Hhg idlaIs ±ßh hq;= h' i;Hjd§ nj hkq
yDo idlaIshg tlÕ j lghq;= lsÍuhs' wmf.a l;dj iy l%shdj ieu úg u hqla;sh
yd i;Hh iu. .e<msh hq;= h' wka whf.a úYajdih Èkd .ekSfï moku i;Hjd§
nj hs'
l%shdldrlu
1' fuishia jykafia ms<s.ekSu i|yd ck;dj iqÞkï lsÍfï §
iakdjl fcdyka ;=ud úúO ckfldgiaj,g ,ndÿka wkqYdikd
fjk fjk u ,shd olajkak'
2' iakdjl fcdyka ;=udf.a Ôú;fhka Tfí Ôú;hg .; yels
wdo¾Y myla ,shkak'
3' i;Hjd§ nj hkq l=ula±hs ioyka lr Tn Ôú;fha § i;Hjd§ j
lghq;= l< wjia:djlg ksoiqkla ,shkak'
Ôú;hg ì|la
² hqla;sh yd idOdrK;ajh fjkqfjka lghq;= lruq'
² wm i;= foa wka wh iu. fnod .ksuq
32
fÊiqia jykafiaf.a ¥; fiajdj
9'1 rEmh ¡ fÊiqia jykafia fn!;Siau iakdmkh ,enQ wjia:dj
fÊiqia jykafia fcd¾odka kÈfha § iakdjl fcdyka ;=ud w;ska fn!;Siau iakdmkh
,nd m%isoaO Ôú;h yd ¥; fiajdj wdrïN l< fial' Y=oaO jQ Æla ;=ud lrk úia;rh
wkqj tA wisßu;a wjia:dfõ § iaj¾.h újD; úh' Y=oaOd;auhdKka jykafia mrúfhl=
fuka fÊiqia jykafia flfrys my< jQ fial' —Tn udf.a m%shdor mq;%hdfKda h¦ Tn
flfrys b;d m%ikak ù isáñ˜hs wyiska y~la kslañ‚'
tod fÊiqia jykafia fcd¾odka kÈfha m%ido iakdmkh ,enQ fudfydf;a § fuka
u wm m%ido iakdmkh ,noa§ Y=oaOd;auhdKka jykafia wm tlsfkld u; my< jQ
fial' wm tlsfkld o foaj orejka f,i ms<s.eks‚'
fcd¾odka kÈfha § isÿ jQ tA wmQre w;a±lSfuka miq j fÊiqia jykafia md¿lrfha §
Èk y;,syla hdÉ[dfjka" ksrdydr YS,fhka yd mÍlaId ch .ksñka ¥; fiajdj
i|yd iqÞkï jQ fial' th Y=oaO jQ Æla ;=ud fufia jd¾;d lrhs(
9
33
fÊiqia jykafia Y=oaOd;audkqNdjfhka mQ¾K j fcd¾odfkka
wdmiq wd úg" wd;auhdKka jykafia úiska Wkajykafia
md¿lrhg f.k hkq ,enQ fial' tys § Èk i;<sila uq¿,af,a
hlaIhd Wkajykafia mÍlaId lf<a h'
^Æla 4(1¡2&
md¿lrfha § fÊiqia jykafia hlaI mÍlaId ;=klg uqyqK ÿka fial'
fÊiqia jykafia Y=oaOd;audkqNdjfhka mQ¾K j fcd¾odfkka wdmiq wd
úg" wd;auhdKka jykafia úiska Wkajykafia md¿lrhg f.khkq ,enQ
fial' tys § Èk i;<sila uq¿,af,a hlaIhd Wkajykafia mÍlaId lf<a h'
tA ojiaj, § Wkajykafia lsisjla fkdje<ÿ fial' tA ld,h ksu jQ miq
Wkajykafiag l=i.sks we;s úh'
tl, hlaIhd l;d lrñka" —Tn foúhka jykafiaf.a mq;%hd kï" fï .,a
f.äh mdka f.ähla jkakg wK l< uekje˜hs Wkajykafiag lSh' fÊiq-
ia jykafia ms<s;=re foñka" —ñksid lEfuka muKla Ôj;a fkdjkafka h
lshd ,shd we;e˜hs Tyqg jod< fial'
túg hlaIhd Wkajykafia Wia ;eklg muqKqjd" laIKhlska f,dalfha
ish¨ rg rdcHhka Wkajykafiag fmkajd" —fïjd flfrys uq¿ wdêm;Hh
o tAjdfha hi biqre o Tng fokafkñ¦ tAjd ug mjrd § we;s fyhska ud
leue;s flfkl=g tAjd foñ¦ tneúka Tn u bÈßfhys kuialdr lrkafkys
kï tA ish,a, u Tn ika;l jkafka˜ hehs Wkajykafiag lSh' fÊiqia
jykafia ms<s;=re foñka"—kqfò foú jk iñ|dKka jykafiag kuialdr
lrkak¦ Wkajykafiag muKla fiajh lrkak lshd ,shd we;e˜hs Tyqg
jod< fial'
bkamiq Tyq Wkajykafia fcrei,ug f.k f.dia" foaj ud,s.dfõ fld;
uqÿfka isgqjd" —Tn foúhka jykafiaf.a mq;%hd kï fu;ekska my;g
mkskak' tfia lshkafka" Tng /ljrKh i,ikq jia Wkajykafia ish
¥;hka yg wK fokq we;e˜hs o hï f,ilska Tfí mh .,l fkdjÈk
ms‚i Tjqka ish foda;ska Tn Wiq,kq we;ehs o lshd ,shd we;s neúke˜hs
Wkajykafiag lSh' fÊiqia jykafia ms<s;=re" foñka—kqfò foú jk
iñ|dKka jykafia mÍlaId fkdlrkak" lshd o ,shd we;e˜hs jod< fial'
^Æla 4(1¡12&
34
fuu mÍlaId ch .ekSfuka miq j fÊiqia jykafia Y=oaOd;audkqNdjfhka mQ¾K j
.,S,hg fmr<d jevu lr ish,a,kaf.ka m%Yxid ,nñka" Tjqkaf.a O¾u Yd,dj,
b.ekajQ fial'
kdifr;ays foaYkdj
fÊiqia jykafia ;uka we;s ±ä jQ kdifr;a kqjr O¾uYd,djg isß;a mßÈ in;a Èk
jevu lr Èjeisjr fhidhdf.a .%ka:h fmr<d ;u ¥; ld¾hh ms<sn| j i|yka j
;snQ mdGh lshjQ fial(
iñ|dKka jykafiaf.a wd;auh ud flfrys we;' ulaksid
o È<s÷ka yg iqn wdrxÑh foaYkd lrkq jia" Wkajykafia ud
wdf,am l< fial' jy¨kag ñ§u o wkaOhkag fmkSu o ,efnk
nj okajkakg;a" mSä; jQjka uqokakg;a" iñ|dKka jykafiaf.a
m%idoh ,;a jir m%ldY lrkakg;a ud tjd jod< fial'
^Æla 4(18¡19&
by; Y=oaO ,shú,s mdGfha ±lafjk mßÈ fÊiqia jykafiaf.a ¥; ld¾hfha wruqK
jkafka È<sÿ" jy,a" mSä; yd wkaO ieug iqnfi; Wodlr §u;a foúhka jykafiaf.a
wdYs¾jdoh ,;a .e,ùïodhl jir m%ldY lr ish¨ ck;djg .e,ùu w;alr §u;a h'
wm o wmf.a fn!;Siau le|ùug úYajdiS j Ôj;a úh hq;= h' tÈfkod Ôú;fha §
uqyqK fok mÍlaId ch .ekSug lghq;= l< hq;= fjuq' tA i|yd hdÉ[dfjka mÍlaId
ch .ekSug iqodkï úh hq;= fõ' wm ix>hla f,i O¾u¥; fiajdjg iydh Èh
hq;= h'
35
l%shdldrlu
1' fÊiqia jykafiaf.a foaj mq;%Ndjh wkdjrKh jQ wjia:djla kï
lrkak'
2' kdifr;ays O¾uYd,dfõ § fÊiqia jykafia lshjk ,o fhidhdf.a
.%ka:fha i|yka mdGh ,shkak'
3' Tn Ôú;fha § uqyqK ÿka mÍlaIdjla kï lr th ch .;a wdldrh
úia;r lrkak'
4' —mÍlaId ch .;a fÊiqia jykafia fhdjqka Tng wdo¾Yhls'˜ ^Æla
4(1¡13& wkqj fï ud;Dldjg wod< l;djlg lreKq f.dkq lrkak'
^jpk 100la muK&
Ôú;hg ì|la
² fn!;Siau le|ùug úYajdiS j Èú f.juq'
² foaj jpkh wka wh fj; f.k hdug Wmßufhka odhl fjuq'
² hlaI mÍlaId ch .ekSug hdÉ[dfjka iúh ,nuq'
36
foaj rdcHh
foaj rdcHh hkq
foúhka jykafiaf.a md,khg k;=ùu hs
mdmh bj; ,d foaj jrm%idoh ;=< Ôj;a ùu hs
foaj wNsu;hg ñksia iudch k;= ùu hs
fm%auh" i;Hh" hqla;sh" idOdrK;ajh yd
.=K O¾u wkqj Ôj;a ùu hs
fÊiqia jykafia foaj rdcHh m%ldY l< fial' Wkajykafiaf.a jpk yd l%shdj,
yrh jQfha foaj rdcHfha Wodj h' foaj rdcHh Wreulr .ekSug ish¨ fokd u
le|jd we;' foaj rdcHh Èkd .ekSug lemùfuka lghq;-= l< hq;= fjuq' foaj rdcHh
;=< ±lsh yels jákdlï fÊiqia jykafia Wmud u.ska b.ekajQ fial'
² jmqrkakd ms<sn| Wmudj ^Æla 8(5¡8&
² ksOdkh" uq;= wegh iy ±, ms<sn| Wmud ^uf;õ 13(44¡50&
² jmqrkakd ms<sn| Wmudj
10'1 rEmh ¡ jmqrkakd
10
37
fuu Wmudj u.ska foaj rdcHfha j¾Okhg we;s ndOd iy foaj jpkh ms<sn| j
;sìh hq;= wdl,am úia;r lrhs' wm foaj jpkhg idjodkj weyqïlka Èh hq;= fjhs'
Y=oaOd;auhdKkaf.a l%shdldß;ajhg újD; jk ;rug wm ;=< kj Ôjkfha îc ire
f,i j¾Okh fjhs'
îc jegqKq ìu îcj,g isÿ jQ foa Wmudfõ újrKh
u. Èf.a jegqKq îc l=re,af,da tAjd wyq,d
f.k lEy'
îc kue;s foaj jpkh is;
kue;s flf;ys jemqre kuqÿ
hlaIhd weú;a meyer .kshs'
mia ke;s .,a ìfï
jegqKq îc
jyd me< jQ kuq;a ysre
ke.=Kq úg uq,a ke;s
neúka úh<S .sfha h'
foaj jpkh i;=áka ms<sf.k
ál l,la tA wkqj lghq;= lr
mÍlaId ld,fhys foaj jpkh
wu;l lr lghq;= lrhs'
lgq w;r jegqKq îc lgq .ia jeù tAjd hg lr
±ó h'
foaj jpkh wid Ôú;fha ÿla
lïlfgd¨j,ska o jia;=fjka
o b÷rka mskùfuka o jpkh
hgm;a ùu ksid flfkla M,
fkdor;s'
ire ìfuys jegqKq
îc
tllska ish .=Khla M,
±Í h'
wjxl" msßisÿ is;lska jpkh
wid" ms<smeo" fkdmiqng
ù¾hfhka m, ork wh fj;s'
² ksOdkh ms<sn| Wmudj
10'2 rEmh ¡ ksOdkh
38
iaj¾. rdcHh" fl;l iÕjd ;snqKq ksOdkhlg iudk h'
tla;rd ñksfil=g th iïn úh' Tyq;a th iÕjd ;nd" uy;a
m%S;sfhka f.dia ;ud ika;l ish,a, úl=Kd tA fl; ñ, §
.;af;a h'
^uf;õ 13(44&
fuu Wmudj u.ska fmkajd fokafka foaj rdcHh ,nd .ekSug wm i;= ieu foa u
mß;Hd. lsÍug wm iqodkï úh hq;= nj h' ksOdkh ieÕù we;s l=vd fohla jqj o
th b;d jákd ñ, l< fkdyels fohls' foaj rdcHh hkq úYd, f,!lsl rdcHhla
fkdjqj o tys jákdlu ;lafiare l< fkdyels fohla nj wm wjfndaO lr .;
hq;= h'
² uq;= wegh ms<sn| Wmudj
10'3 rEmh ¡ uq;= úl=Kk fjf<kaod
iaj¾. rdcHh" w.kd uq;= fidhd .sh fjf<kafol=g
iudk h' b;d w.kd uq;= weghla iïn jQ úg Tyq f.dia
;ud ika;l ish,a, úl=Kd th ñ,g .;af;a h'
^uf;õ 13(45¡46&
39
iaj¾. rdcHh jkdys" uqyqfoa fy<k ,o" ish¨ j¾.j, uiqka
yiq lr .;a ±,lg iudk h' tA ±, msreKq l," ëjrfhda th
fjr<g weo" ys|f.k" fyd| uiqka Ndckj,g tl;= fldg
krl uiqka bj; ±uQy' hq.dhka;fha § tfia u jkafka h' foaj
¥;fhda kslau wjq;a" oñgqjka flfrka woñgqjka fjka fldg"
woñgqjka .sks Wÿfkys fy<kafkda h' tys je,mSu o o;añá
lEu o jkafka h'
^uf;õ 13(47¡50&
fuu Wmudj u.ska wmg fmkajd fokafka iaj¾. rdcHfha we;s jákdlu hs'
fjf<kaod ;ud i;= ish,a, úl=Kd wñ, jQ uq;= wegh ñ, § .;af;a tneúks' tA wkqj
foaj rdcHh fidhkafkl=g ;uka i;= foa ;Hd. lsÍfï wNsfhda. mj;shs'
² oe, ms<sn| Wmudj
10'4 rEmh ¡ uiqka msreKq ±,
40
ëjrhka úiska msreKq ±, fjr<g weo" fyd| uiqka Ndckj,g tl;= fldg krl
uiqka bj;a lrkakd fia u foaj rdcHfha meñŒu;a iu. u isÿ jkakd jQ wjidk
úksYaph fya;= fldg f.k oñgqjkaf.ka woñgqjka fjka fldg" Tjqkag ,eìh hq;=
M, úmdl fokq ,nk nj fuu Wmudj wmg W.kajhs'
Y=oaO jQ Æla ;=ud muKla i|yka lrk Wmud lsysmhla¦
² hym;a iudßhd ms<sn| Wmudj ^Æla 10(25¡37&
² ke;sjqKq mq;%hd ms<sn| Wmudj ^Æla 15(11¡22&
² Okm;shd iy ,diria ms<sn| Wmudj ^Æla 16(19¡31&
Wmudfõ ku ,efnk m‚jqvh
hym;a iudßhd ms<sn|
Wmudj
foaj rdcHhg ysñlu ,efnkafka cd;s" l=," wd.ï
hkdÈ fNao mfil oud ieug fm%au lrñka fiajh
l< fyd;a mu‚'
ke;sjqKq mq;%hd ms<sn|
Wmudj
;u mdmhkag ukia;dm ù kej; foúhka
jykafia fj; yeÍ tkakd foúhka jykafia
idorfhka ms<sf.k ;u mq;%Ndjfhys ia:dms;
lrk fial'
Okm;shd yd ,diria ms<sn|
Wmudj
Okj;alu ksid iqfLdamfNda.S Ôú; .; lrk wh
ÿmam;=ka wu;l fkdl< hq;= h' foaj rdcHh Èkd
.ekSug kï wirKhkag msysg úh hq;= h' wmg
,eî we;s yelshd yd l=i,;d ÈhqKq lr f.k wka
whf.a hym; ms‚i fhduq lsÍu ls;=kq wmf.a
j.lSu hs'
41
l%shdldrlu
1' foaj rdcHfha jákdlï ms<sn| j b.ekafjk Wmud
y;rla kï lrkak'
2' bka tla Wmudjla ¨yqçka ,shd thska ,efnk m‚jqvh
úia;r lrkak'
Ôú;hg ì|la
² foaj rdcHfha .=Kdx. wm ;=< j¾Okh lr .ksuq'
42
fÊiqia jykafia isÿ l< m%d;syd¾hhka
m%d;syd¾h hkq iajNdj O¾uh ;=< idudkHfhka isÿ fkdjk mqÿu l%shd h'
fÊiqia jykafia isÿ l< m%d;syd¾h j¾. y;rls'
iajNdj O¾uh yd
iïnkaO m%d;syd¾h
Wod(¡ udre; oukh
frda.Ska iqj lsÍu
Wod(¡ l=ÿ ia;%sh in;a
Èkfha § iqj lsÍu
ÿIagd;auhka ÿre lsÍu
Wod(¡ f.rfiakfha
ÿIagd;audfõY jQjl= iqj
lsÍu
u<jqka W;a:dkh lsÍu
Wod(¡ cdhsriaf.a ÿj
W;a:dk lsÍu
1 2
3 4
11'1 ¡ fÊiqia jykafia l< m%d;syd¾h
11
43
1' iajNdj O¾uh yd iïnkaO m%d;syd¾h ¡ udre; oukh
tla Èkla fÊiqia jykafia ish Y%djlhka iu. Trejlg ke.S" —wms
tf.dvg huq˜hs Tjqkag jÞ< fial' túg Tjqyq Trej Èh;a l<y' Tjqka
hd;%d lroa§ Wkajykafia ksod .;a fial' tl, pKav udre;hla keÕS ú,
u; yeó h¦ Trejg j;=r msfr;a u Tjqyq uy wk;--=rlg m;a j isáhy'
Tjqyq wjq;a Wkajykafia mqnqÿjd" —iajdóks" iajdóks" wm úkdY fjkak
<Õ h˜hs lSy' Wkajykafia msìo" udre;hg o r¿ ;rx.j,g o ;¾ckh
l< fial' túg udre;h ixis§ ksYap,;ajhla we;s úh' —Tfí weoys,a,
fldhs ±˜hs Wkajykafia Tjqkaf.ka weiQ fial' Tjqyq ìh j" úiauhg m;a
ù" —fï fudk úÈfha flfkla o@ iq<Õg yd c,hg mjd fu;=udfKda
wK fo;s" tAjd o lSlre jkafka h˜hs tlsfkldg lshd .;ay'
^Æla 8(22¡25&
udre; oukfha m%d;syd¾hfhka wmg fmkajkafka
³ fÊiqia jykafia ienE foaj mq;%hdKka nj;a
³ iajNdj O¾uh mjd Wkajykafiag lSlre jk nj;a h
tu ksid wm o fÊiqia jykafia úYajdi l< hq;= w;r Wkajykafiaf.a wKg lSlre
úh hq;= h' foaj jpkhg tlÕ j ks;r u ksjerÈ foh muKla lsÍug W;aidy l<
hq;= h' wmf.a úYajdih ySk ù f.k hk wjia:dj, § ksr;=re hdÉ[d lsÍfuka
kej; úYajdih f.dvk.d .ekSug wm W;aidy l< hq;= h'
2' frda.Ska iqj lsÍu iïnkaO m%d;syd¾h ¡ in;a Èk l=ÿ ia;%sh iqj lsÍu
Wkajykafia in;a Èkl tla O¾u Yd,djl wkqYdikd lrñka isá
fial' tys oiwg jila ;siafia wY=oaOd;auhla ksid ÿ¾j,lñka
fm¿Kq" fldhs wkaoulskaj;a fl<ska fjkakg neß ia;%shla jQjd h'
fÊiqia jykafia wE ±l le|jd" —ia;%sh" Tfí ÿ¾j,lñka Tn ñÿfKys
h˜hs lshd wE msg w;a ;enQ fial' tflfKys u wE fl<ska isg"
foúhka jykafiag m%Yxid l<d h'
^Æla 13(10¡13&
44
fuu m%d;syd¾h u.ska fmkakqï lrkafka fÊiqia jykafia tA ia;%shf.a fõokdj ±l
msysg jQ wdldrh hs' wm o wka whf.a ÿl fõokdj yuqfõ oEia mshd f.k fkdisg
tA whg msysg úh hq;= h' wehf.a lsis u b,a,Sula fkdue;s wehg fÊiqia jykafia
ohdj ±lajQ fial'
wm ks;r u frda.Ska i|yd hdÉ[d l< hq;= h' YdÍßl yd udkisl frda.j,ska
fmf<k ck;dj fjkqfjka wmf.a ksrka;r hdÉ[dj fhduq l< hq;= h' Tjqkaf.a
tu frda.S ;;a;ajhka blaukska iqjm;a lrk f,i wheÈh hq;= h'
3' ÿIagd;auhka ÿre lsÍu iïnkaO m%d;syd¾h ¡ f.rfiakfha ÿIagd;audfõY
jQfjl= iqj lsÍu
Tjqyq .,S,h bÈßfhys jQ f.rfiakhkaf.a rgg meñ‚hy'
Wkajykafia f.dv nis;a u" kqjßka wd ÿIagd;audfõY jQ
ñksfila Wkajykafiag yuq úh' Tyq fndfyda l,la u ks¾jia;% j"
f.hl fkdj" fidfydka f.j, jdih lf<a h' Tyq fÊiqia jykafia
±l" fudr.id" Wkajykafia bÈßfhys je| jeà —mrfuda;a;u foúhkaf.a
mq;% jQ fÊiqia jykai" Tn;a" ud;a w;r fudk .kqfokqjla o@ ug jo
fkdfok fuka whÈñ˜hs uy yçka lSfõ h' fufia lSfõ" tA ñksidf.ka
ÿrejkak Wkajykafia wY=oaOd;auhg wK l< neúks' tA wY=oaOd;auh
fkdfhla jr Tyqg wdfõY jQ neúka" hoïj,ska o ú,x.=j,ska o ne| Tyq
uqr lrk ,oafoa h¦ tfy;a Tyq tA ne÷ï lvd ±ó h' ÿIagd;auh úiska Tyq
md¿lrhg m,jd yßk ,oafoa h' —;df.a ku l=ula oe˜hs fÊiqia jykafia
Tyqf.ka weiQ fial' fndfyda ÿIagd;au wdfõY j isá ksid" Tyq —fiakd˜hs
lS h' túg ÿIagd;aufhda md;d,hg hk mßÈ ;uka yg wK fkdlrk
f,i Wkajykafiaf.ka b,aÆy' t;ek lkafoa uyd W!re /<la f.dÿre
lñka isáfhda h' W!rkag jefyk ms‚i ÿIagd;aufhda Wkajykafiaf.ka
wjir b,aÆy' Wkajykafia wjir ÿka fial' ÿIagd;aufhda tA ñksidf.ka
ÿre j f.dia W!rkag wdfõY jQy¦ tl, W!re /< m%md;fhka my< ú,g
fõ.fhka Èj f.dia .s,S uf<da h' W!re f.dõfjda isÿjQ foa ±l" m,d
f.dia kqjfrys o .ïudkfhys o tmj;a ±kajQy' tA isoaêh n,k ms‚i
ñksiaiq msg;a j wjq;a" fÊiqia jykafia fj; meñK" ÿIagd;auhka ÿre
lrkq ,enQ ñksid we÷ï we|" fyd| isys l,amkdfjka fÊiqia jykafiaf.a
mduq, b¢kq ±l" ìh jQy' th isheiska ÿgq wh" ÿIagd;audfõY j isá
ñksid iqjh ,enQ ieá Tjqkag lSy'
^Æla 8(26¡36&
45
fuu m%d;syd¾hfhka wmg fmkajkafka foaj mq;% fÊiqia jykafiaf.a n,hg hlaIhd
mjd fu,a, jk nj;a Wkajykafia ks;r u hlaI n,fõ.j,ska ukqIHhd fírd
.kakd nj;a h' wm ks;r u hlaI n,fõ.j,g wiq fkdù isàug fÊiqia jykafiag
hdÉ[d l< hq;= h' wm ks;r u foaj wdrlaIdjg Ndr Èh hq;= h'
4' u<jqka W;a:dk lsÍu ¡ cdhsriaf.a ÿj W;a:dk lsÍu
O¾u Yd,d m%Odksfhl= jQ cdhsria kï flfkla wjq;a fÊiqia jykafiaf.a
mduq, jeà ish ksjig jäk f,i Wkajykafiaf.ka Wola u b,a,S h'
tfia lf<a fÞf<dia jila muK jhia jk Tyqf.a tl u Èh‚hka
urKdikak j isá neúks' Wkajykafia jvkd l, iuQyhd Wkajykafia
f;rmñka .shy' O¾uYd,d kdhlhdf.a f.oßka flfkla wjq;a" —Tfí
ÿj u<d h¦ .=refoajhka fkdfjfyikake˜hs lS h' fÊiqia jykafia tA
wid" —ìh fkdjkak" weoys,af,ka u isákak" wE iqj jkq we;e˜hs W;a;r
ÿka fial' Wkajykafia f.org msúis l," fmaÿre o fcdyka o cdfldí
o ±ßhf.a mshd o uj o yer wka lsisfjl=g ;uka iu. we;=¿ jkak
wjir kqÿka fial' ish,af,da u wE .ek y~ñka je,fmñka isáhy'
tfy;a Wkajykafia l;d fldg" —kdvkak" wE ueÍ ke;" wE ksokakS
h˜hs jÞ< fial' Tjqyq wE u< nj ±k Wkajykafia Wmydihg ,la
l<y' tfy;a Wkajykafia wef.a w; w,a,d" —±ßh" keÕsákake˜hs Yío
k.d jÞ< fial' túg wef.a m%dKh kej; wdfha h' wE tflfKys u
ke.sÜgd h' wehg hula lkak fok f,i Wkajykafia wK l< fial'
wef.a ujqmsfhda úiañ; jQy¦ tfy;a fï isoaêh lsisfjl=g fkdlshk
f,i Wkajykafia Tjqkag wK ÿka fial'
^Æla 8(40¡42" 49¡56&
urKh fÊiqia jykafiag kskaola fuks' kskafoka wjÈ lrkakdla fuka fÊiqia
jykafia úYajdi lrk wh o Wkajykafia W;a:dk lrk fial' tu úYajdih we;s
j fuf,dj hym;a j yd ksfodia j Ôj;a ùu wmf.a hq;=lu h'
wmf.a Ôú;j, m%d;syd¾h w;a±lSug kï¦
³ ish,a, foúhka jykafiag l< yels nj úYajdi l< hq;= h'
³ úYajdifhka hdÉ[d l< hq;= h'
46
l%shdldrlu
1' fÊiqia jykafia isÿ l< m%d;syd¾h j¾.j,g WÞyrKh ne.ska
,shd olajkak'
2' Tnf.a Ôú;h ;=< m%d;syd¾hla w;aÿgq wjia:djla ,shd olajkak'
3' f,v frda.j,ska fmf<k whg blauka iqjh m;d lsj yels
hdÉ[djla ,shkak'
Ôú;hg ì|la
² Ôú; wNsfhda.j, § úYajdifhka foúÿka fj; yefruq'
² Ôú; m%Yak yuqfõ úYajdifhka hq;= j hdÉ[d lruq'
² tÈfkÞ lghq;=j, § foaj y~g ijka § tA wkqj l%shd lruq'
² úúOdldr f,v frda.j,ska fmf<k wh fjkqfjka iqjh m;d
hdÉ[d lruq'
47
ÈjH i;am%ido jykafia
fÊiqia jykafia wka;su rd;%S fNdackfha § ÈjH i;am%ido jykafia ia:dms; l< fial'
ÈjH mQcdj mj;ajk úg fÊiqia jykafia wka;su rd;%s fNdackfha § isÿ l<
ms<sfj;g wms iyNd.s fjuq' thg lf;da,sl ck jkaokdfõ flakaøia:dkh ysñ fõ'
ukao h;a wka;su rd;%S fNdackfha § fuka u ÈjH mQcdfõ § o wm j fÊiqia jykafia
ÈjH i;am%idofhka Wkajykafiaf.a u Y%S YÍrfhka yd Y%S reêrfhka fmdaIKh lrk fial'
12'1 rEmh ¡ wka;su rd;%S fNdackh
kshu fõ,dj meñ‚ l," Wkajykafia lEug ys|.;a
fial' fm%aß;fhda ^wfmdaia;=¨jre& o Wkajykafia iu.
ys|.;ay' Wkajykafia mQm f.k ;=;s mqod" tAjd lvd" Tjqkag §"
—Tn Wfoid fokq ,nk udf.a YÍrh fï h¦ ud isys lsÍu ms‚i
fuh lrkake˜hs jod< fial' tf,i u fNdackfhka miq l=i,dk
§" —fï l=i,dk Tn Wfoid j.=rjkq ,nk udf.a reêrfhka l<
kj .súiqu h'
^Æla 22(14" 19¡20&
12
48
12'2 rEmh ¡ Ôjudk fÊiq wmf.a yoj;aj,g ,nd .;suq
ÈjH i;am%idofha ,laIK
1' foaj m%ido ksOdkhls
2' fNdackhls
3' hd.hls
4' .súiquls
5' ia;+;s lsÍuls
6' isys lsÍuls'
ÈjH i;am%ido jykafia ;=< Wkajykafia Ôjudk j jev isák fial' tneúka wms
Wkajykafia Nla;sfhka ,nd .; hq;= fjuq' ÈjH i;am%ido jykafia ,nd .ekSug
hk úg oE;a je|f.k f.dia Wkajykafia ,nd f.k oE;a je|f.k wdmiq meñK
oK .id úkdä lsysmhla Nla;sfhka hdÉ[d lsÍug wu;l fkdlrkak' Tn m<uq
jrg ÈjH i;am%ido jykafia ,nd .;a Èkh kej; isyshg k.d .kak' tÈk Tn ;=<
;snQ Nla;sh yd f.!rjh wo;a ;sfí±hs fufkys lrkak'
49
ÈjH i;am%idohg mQ¾j i,l=Kq
1' fu,alsfifolaf.a hd.h
mQcl rc;=ul= jQ fu,alsfifola m%:u jrg mQm yd ñÈhqi f.k foúhka jykafiag
hd.hla Tmamq lf<a h'
;j o idf,dïys rc jQ mrfuda;a;u foúhka jykafiaf.a mQcl
jQ fu,alsifola frdá iy ñÈhqi f.keú;a Tyqg wdYS¾jdo
lrñka" —wyi;a fmdf<dj;a ujd jÞ< mrfuda;a;u foúhka
jykafia wdn%ïg wdYs¾jdo lrk fialajdæ Tfí i;=rka Tn w;g
mdjd ÿka mrfuda;a;u foúhka jykafiag ;=;s meiiqï fõjdæhs
lsfõ h' wdn%ï o ish,af,ka oifhka tlla Tyqg ÿkafka h'
^W;am;a;s 14(18¡20&
2' ukakd fNdackh
foúhka jykafia ldka;drfha § wdydr fkdue;s j l=i.skafka isá bYardfh,a
ck;djg ukakd fNdackh ,nd § Tjqka fmdaIKh l< fial ^kslauhdu 16&'
3' bYardfh,a ck;djf.a mdial= fNdackh
Bðma;=fõ jy,alñka ñ§ fmdfrdkaÿ foaYhg msg;a ùu isys lsÍu i|yd ieu
jirla mdid u mdial= fNdackh meje;aùfï § bYardfh,a ck;dj kquqyqka mQm
wkqNj l<y¦ l=i,dfkka mdkh l<y ^kslauhdu 12&'
4' mQm jeä lsÍfï m%d;syd¾h
mkaoyilg mQm fnod §fï m%d;syd¾h kj .súiqfï ÈjH i;am%ido jykafiag
mQ¾j i,l=Kls'
12'3 rEmh ¡ mkaoyilg mQm fnod §fï m%d;syd¾hh
50
Y%djlfhda wdmiq meñK" ;uka l< ish¨ foa Wkajykafiag ±kajQy' túg
Wkajykafia Tjqka iu. úfõl iqjh i|yd fn;aihsod kï kqjrlg
bj;a j .sh fial' tfy;a iuQyfhda tmj;a wid" Wkajykafia miq mi
.shy' Wkajykafia Tjqka ms<sf.k" foúhka jykafiaf.a rdcHh .ek
Tjqkag jodrd" iqjh wjYH jQ wh iqj l< fial' ijia fõ.k t;a
u" fÞf<dia fokd Wkajykafia fj; wjq;a" —fuys wm isákafka md¿
fmfoil neúka" wjg kshï .ï yd f.dú ckmoj,g f.dia kjd;eka
yd lEu imhd.kakd ms‚i iuQyhka yeßh uekje˜hs lSy' Wkajykafia"
—Tn Tjqkag lEug hula fokake˜hs jÞ< fial' —wm <Õ kï frdá
mylg yd uiqka fofofkl=g jvd ke;¦ l< hq;= foa kï" wm f.dia fï
uq¿ fikÕg lEu ñ, § .ekSu h˜hs Tjqyq lSy' tfia lSfõ mqreIhka
mkaoyil a muK tys isá neúks' túg Wkajykafia" —Tjqka mKia fokd ne.ska
ldKav jYfhka ys÷jkake˜hs Y%djlhkag jÞ< fial' Tjqyq tfia fldg"
yeu fok u ys|.kakg ie,eiaiQy' tl, Wkajykafia frdá my;a uiqka
fofokd;a f.k" iaj¾.h foi n,d" wdYS¾jdoh mjid" tAjd lvd" iuQyhd
bÈßfhys ;nk ms‚i Y%djlhkag ÿka fial' ish,af,da u ld ;Dma;shg
meñ‚hy' Tjqka lE miq b;sß jQ len,sj,ska l+vd fof<dila /ia lr
.kakd ,È'
^Æla 9(10¡17&
wka whf.a l=i.skafka § fÊiqia jykafia Tjqka fmdaIKh lsÍug lghq;= l< fial'
wm o wka whf.a l=i.skafka § wms i;= foa wka wh iu. fnod .ksuq' tA i|yd fÊiqia
jykafia wmg wdrdOkd lrk fial'
l%shdldrlu
1' ÈjH i;am%idofha ,laIK ;=kla ,shkak'
2' ÈjH i;am%ido jykafia ms<sn| mQ¾j i,l=Kq ;=kla ,shkak'
3' mQm jeä lsÍfï m%d;syd¾h Tfí jpkfhka ,shd olajkak'
4' ÈjH i;am%idofhka Ôjudk jQ fÊiqia jykafia ,nd .;a" Tn lrk
hym;a l%shd ;=kla ,shkak'
5' ÈjH i;am%ido jykafia ,enqjdg miq j lsjyels flá heÿula ,shkak'
Ôú;hg ì|la
ÈjH i;am%idoSh fNdackfha jákdlu ;u Ôú;h ;=<ska Ôj;a
lrùug W;aidy lrkak' tA i|yd Ôjudk fÊiqia l%sia;=ka
jykafiag hdÉ[d lrkak'
51
ÈjH i;am%idoSh fNdackhg iQodku
fu;=Ia ( ug .sh bßod ÈjH mQcdjg tkak neß jqKdfk' wo fÊiq ,nd .kak
neß fjkjd'
fY*dka( uu wdfj;a keyefka' ta;a uu fÊiq ,nkjd' fÊiq ,enQfõ ke;akï
ÈjH mQcdjg wd tflka jevla keyefka'
fï l;dj wid isá oyï mdi,a .=re;=ñh fufia mejiqjd h'
.=re;=ñh ( mq;d,d fokakd fuydg tkak' ÈjH mQcdjg wdmq ke;s tl mdmhla'
mQcdjg fmr msh;=ud úkdä 10la yeuodu mdfmdaÉpdrKh wykjd'
Thd,g mq¿jka tA fõ,dfõ mdfmdaÉpdrKh lr f.k iudj ,nd
.kak' Bg miafia Th fokakg u fÊiq ,nd .kak mq¿jka'
fu;=Ia yd fY*dka ( ia;+;shs àp¾'
fu;=Ia ( wms fokakd mQcdjg fmr msh;=udf.ka mdfmdaÉpdrKh lr .ksuq'
u;l o wmsg b.ekakqjd msßisÿ is;lska fÊiq ,nd .kak ´fka lsh,d'
mõ l<d u is; wmsßisÿ fjkjd' t;fldg mõ iudj ,nd .kak ´fka'
fY*dka ( uu lsis u mdmhla lr,d kEfka'
fu;=Ia ( wehs ±ka àp¾ lsõfõ" ÈjH mQcdjg wdmq ke;s tl mdmhla lsh,d' bßod
mQcdjg wdj ke;s tl oi mkf;a ;=kajk mk;g úreoaO j lrk
mdmhla'
fY*dka ( ug nv.skshs' uu blaukg ld,d tkakï' Th;a tkak frda,aia folla
;sfhkjd'
fu;=Ia ( ÈjH mQcdj mgka .kak mehlg l,ska lEu .;a;g lula keye' ±ka
Thd lkak tmd' mQcdfjka miafia lkak'
fY*dka ( Thd yeuodu ÈjH mQcdjg toaÈ ld,d tkafk keoao@ uu kï m%:u jrg
ÈjH i;am%idoh ,nk fldg ú;rhs lEfj ke;af;a'
13
52
fu;=Ia ( uu kï ÈjH mQcdjg mehlg fmr ;ud lEu lkafka' mQcdjlg mehla
ke;akï lkafka kE' thska lshkafka wms ÈjH i;am%ido jykafia
,nkakg l=i.sks j isákjd lshk tlhs' YdÍßl l=i.skak wd;añl
l=i.skafka ixfla;hla'
fY*dka ( Thd ksid uu wo fyd| mdvula bf.k .;a;d' wms fokakd blaukg
m,a,shg .sys,a,d mdfmdaÉpdrKh lr. ksuq'
wd;añl iQodku
wd;añl iQodku hkqfjka woyia lrkafka mdmfhka f;dr ùu h' wd;añl iQodkfï
wjYH;dj Y=oaO jQ mdjq¨ ;=ud fufia olajd we;'
kqiqÿiq f,i iñ|dKka jykafiaf.a fï frdá j<ok" fï l=i,dfkka
mdkh lrk ljfrla jqj o" tfia je<§fuka yd mdkh lsÍfuka iñ|dKka
jykafiaf.a YÍrhg yd reêrhg úreoaO j mõ lsÍfï jrolrefjla jkafka
h' tneúka fï frdá je<§ug;a" fï l=i,dfkka mdkh lsÍug;a fmr
tla tlaflkd ;u ;ud fidaÈis lr .; hq;= h' iñ|dKka jykafiaf.a
YÍrh hkafkys f;areu fkdúuid" frdá j<ok" l=i,dfkka mdkh lrk
;eke;af;a tfia je<§fuka yd mdkh lsÍfuka ;ud u jrolrefjla lr
.kafka h' fï ksid Tn w;r fndfyda fofkl= ÿn, j" frda.S j isá;s'
iuyr fofkla urKhg f.dÿre ù isá;s'
^1 fldfrka;s 11(27¡30&
urŒh mdmhla lr we;akï ÈjH i;am%ido jykafia ,nd .ekSug fmr
mdfmdaÉpdrKh lr .; hq;= h' iq¿ mdmhla lr we;s wh ÈjH mQcdj wdrïNfha ;u
mdmj,g ukia:dm ù iudj ,nd f.k ÈjH i;am%ido jykafia ,nd .ekSug iqÿiail=
úh hq;= h' urKSh mdmhla lr we;s flfkla ÈjH mQcdjg fmr iu.s ikaOdkfha foaj
m%ido ksOdkh ,nd .ekSug wjia:djla fkdue;s kï ;u mdmj,g ÿla ukia:dm ù
wjia:dj ,o ú.i iu.s ikaOdkfha foaj m%ido ksOdkh ,nd .ekSug is;d f.k
ÈjH i;am%ido jykafia ,nd .; yels h'
53
YdÍßl iQodku
YdÍßl iQodku hkqfjka woyia lrkafkaa ÈjH i;am%ido jykafia ,nd .ekSug fmr
wju jYfhka mehlaj;a ish¨ wdydrmdkj,ska je<lS ksrdydrYS, j isàu h' ;uka
leu;s kï Bg jvd jeä ld,hla jqj o ksrdydrYS, j isáh yels h' mehl ld,h
we;=<; c,h yd fí;a Ndú; lsÍug ;ykula ke;' mehl ksrdydrYS,h frda.S whg
uy¨ whg yd uy¨ whg Wmia:dk lrk whg wjYH fkdfõ'
frda.S ùu" jhia.; ùu" ÈjH mQcdj meje;aùug msh;=ful= fkdue;s ùu jeks
idOdrK fya;= u; ÈjH mQcdfjka mßndysr j ÈjH i;am%ido jykafia ,eîug wjir
we;' tla Èkl § ÈjH mQcd lsysmhlg iyNd.s jk mqoa.,fhl=g wjia:d foll §
muKla ÈjH i;am%ido jykafia ,nd .ekSug wjir we;' fojk jrg ÈjH i;am%ido
jykafia ,nd .ekSug kï fojk ÈjH mQcdfõ wdrïNfha isg wjidkh olajd u
iyNd.s ùu wksjd¾h h' yÈisfha frda.S ù msh;=ful= frda.Skaf.a wdf,amh Þkh
lsÍug meñ‚hfyd;a tÈk ÈjH mQcdfõ ÈjH i;am%ido jykafia ,nd ;snqK o ÈjH
i;am%ido jykafia fojk jrg jqj o ÈjH mQcdjlska mßndysr j ,nd .; yels h'
ls%hdldrlu
1' ÈjH i;am%ido jykafia ,eîug wd;añl iqodku hkak
fláfhka meyeÈ,s lrkak'
2' ÈjH i;am%ido jykafia ,eîug ksrydrYS,h /lsh hq;=
ld,h fldmuK o@
Ôú;hg ì|la
ksis iqodkñka hq;= j ÈjH i;am%ido jykafia
,nd .ksuq'
54
wNsjDoaê wdf,amh
Y=oaOd;afuks $$$$ jiajd,ñka Tfí jrï
ud Ôúf;a mqrjka Tfí wdf,dalfhka $$
msßmqka fm%auh ;=< jev jikd Y=oaOd;afuks"
i;ajrñka wm fmdfydks lrkq uek Y-=oaOd;afuks
Tn wNsu; wm ie,iqï l< uek
wdf,dalh ù hfkkd u. È.
Y=oaOd;afuks ''''''''''
Ôú; u. myÞ fokq uek iñ÷fka¦
Èh W,a núkq;a .,jd .kq uek iñ÷fka
keK kqjkska Tn u jgyd §
wdf,dalh ù wm Èú .ukg
Y=oaOd;afuks '''''''''
14'1 rEmh ¡ wNsjDoaê wdf,amh
14
55
i;H úYajdifha wm iaÓr fldg mQ¾K l%sia;= Nla;slhka lsÍu ms‚i Y=oaOd;auhdKka
wm fj; jevu lrjk úfYaI foaj m%ido ksOdkh wNsjDoaê wdf,amh hs' m%ido
iakdmkfha § wm ;=< cks; jQ úYajdih mßK; lrkafka wNsjDoaê wdf,amh kue;s
foaj m%ido ksOdkh hs'
.e,ùfï b;sydih ;=< wNsjDoaê wdf,amh
—Y=oaOd;auhdKka jykafia˜ hk fhÿu mqrdK .súiqfuys Ndú; lr ke;' tA i|yd
my; i|yka fhÿï Ndú; lr we;'
³ wd;audkqNdjh
³ foajd;audkqNdjh
³ Y=oaOd;auh
iñ|dKka jykafia j,dl=<lska nei" wjq;a fudafiiag
l;d fldg" Tyq u; jQ wd;audkqNdjfhka fldgila
f.k uQ,slhka ye;a;E fokdg ÿka fial'
^.Kka 11(25&
fmdf<dj ysia j md¿ j ;sì‚' uy ihqr u;
wkaOldrhla úh' foajd;audkqNdjh c,h u;= msg
yeiqrefKa h'
^W;am;a;s 1(2&
Tn yuqfhka ud m,jd fkdyeßh uekj¦ Tfí
Y=oaOd;auh ud flfrka bj;a fkdl< uekj'
^.S;dj,sh 51(11&
l%sia;=ka jykafiaf.a Ôú;h ;=< Y=oaOd;auhdKka jykafia
fÊiqia jykafia ms<sis| .;af;a Y=oaOd;auhdKka jykafiaf.a wdkqNdjfhks'
foaj ¥;hd wEg ^ußh ;=ñhg& W;a;r foñka"
—Y=oaOd;auhdKka jykafia Tn flfrys my< jk fial'
mrfuda;a;uhdKkaf.a wdkqNdjh o Tn jid .kafka h'
^Æla 1(35&
56
iñ|dKka jykafiaf.a ¥;fhla isyskhlska Tyqg ^cqfia
;=udg& o¾Ykh ù" —odú;af.a mq;a fcdafima Tfí ìß| jk
ußhd mdjd.kakg ìh fkdjkak' ukao wE .eí f.k we;af;a
Y=oaOd;auhdKka wkqyisks'
^uf;õ 1(20&
foúhka jykafia Y=oaOd;auhdKka jykafia iSud rys; j fÊiqia jykafia fj;
Þkh lrk fial' tfia odkh lsÍfuka fÊiqia jykafiag m%d;syd¾h mEug o O¾uh
foaYkd lsÍug o Yla;sh ,enq‚'
fÊiqia jykafia nõ;Siau¡iakdkh ,en" tflfKys u Èfhka f.dv
wd fial' túg iaj¾.h újr úh' foúhka jykafiaf.a wd;auhdKka
mfrúfhl= fuka nisñka ;uka msg meñfKkq Wkajykafia ÿgq
fial'
^uf;õ 3(16¡17&
;jo" fcdyka idlaIs orñka" —wd;auhdKka mfrúfhl-= fuka wyiska nei
Wkajykafia u; jev ys¢kq uu ÿáñ¦ uu Wkajykafia fkdye¢k
isáfhñ¦ tfy;a" j;=frka nõ;Siau¡iakdmkh lrkag ud tjd jÞ<
;ekeka jykafia u ug l;d fldg" —wd;auhdKka hful= msg nei ú;a
jev ys¢kq Tn olskafkys o" tA jkdys Y=oaOd;auhdKkaf.ka nõ;Siau¡
iakdmkh lrk ;ekeka jykafia h˜hs jod< fial' tA foa uu u
Èáñ¦ ±l" Wkajykafia foúhka jykafiaf.a mq;%hdfKda hhs idlaIs
oerefjñ˜hs lSfõ h'
^fcdyka 1(32¡34&
foúhka jykafia tjd jÞ< ;ekeka jykafia foúhka
jykafiaf.a joka mjik fial' tfia jkafka foúhka
jykafia Y=oaOd;auh iSud rys; j Þkh lrk neúks'
^fcdyka 3(34&
57
mdial= bre Èk wfmdaia;=¨jrekag Y=oaOd;au odkh
fÊiqia jykafia Tjqka ^wfmdia;=¨jreka& msg yqiau fy<d¦
Y=oaOd;auhdKka ms<s.kak'
^fcdyka 20(22&
mdial= bre Èk fÊiqia l%sia;=ka jykafia wfmdaia;=¨jrekag o¾Ykh ù Y=oaOd;auhdKka
jykafiaf.ka Tjqka m%dKj;a l< fial' wmg m%ido iakdmkfha § Y=oaOd;au jrï
,efnk f,i Tjqkag tÈk Y=oaOd;au jrï ,enqfKa úYajdifha Ôú;hlg Wm;
,eîug h'
fmka;fldia; ojfia Y=oaOd;au odkh
14'2 ¡ wfmdia;=¨jreka fj; Y=oaOd;auhdKka jykafia jevu lsÍu
iev iq<Õla yukakdla jeks y~la yÈisfhka wyiska kslauqfKa h'
Tjqka ys|f.k isá f.h uq¿ukska u thska msÍ .sfha h' .sks o¨ jeks
Èõ fnÈ f.dia Tjqka tlsfkld u; msysgkq Tjqkag fmks‚' Tjqyq
ish,af,da u Y=oaOd;auhdKkaf.ka mQ¾K ù wd;auhdKka Tjqkag ÿka
l;d Yla;sh f,i wkH NdIdj,ska l;d lrkakg mgka .;ay'
^l%shd 2(2¡4&
58
wfmdaia;=¨jre wka whg Y=oaOd;au Þkh
m%ido iakdmkh iy wNsjDoaê wdf,amh i|yd ms<sfj;a folla wfmdaia;=¨jrekaf.a
ld,fha isg mej; f.k wd nj my; Y=oaO ,shú,s mdG u.ska ;yjqre fõ'
iudÍhhka foúhka jykafiaf.a jpkh ms<s.;a nj
fcrei,fï isá fm%aß;jrhkag ie< jQfhka Tjqyq
fmaÿre yd fcdyka Tjqka fj;g hejQy' Tjqyq tys
f.dia Tjqkag Y=oaOd;auhdKka ,efnk f,i hdÉ[d
l<y' ukao Tjqka fÊiqia jykafiaf.a kduhg
nõ;Siau iakdmkh lrkq ,enqjd ñi tA jk;=re;a
Y=oaOd;auhdKka Tjqka lsisfjl= flfrys meñK ;snqf-
Ka ke;' fm%aß;jreka Tjqka msg w;a ;enQ l," Tjqkag
Y=oaOd;auhdKka ,eì‚'
^l%shd 8(14¡17&
Tjqyq tA wid iajdñka jk fÊiqia jykafiaf.a
kdufhka nõ;Siau¡iakdmkh lrkq ,enqy' mdjq¨
Tjqka msg w;a ;enQ l, Y=oaOd;auhdKka jykafia
Tjqka flfrys meñ‚ fial' Tjqyq wkH NdIdj,ska
l;d lrñka Èjeia jels mejiQy'
^l%shd( 19(5¡6&
Tn Y=oaOd;auhdKka jykafia ,nd .ekSug hk neúka Èkm;d u Y=oaOd;auhdKka
jykafiag hdÉ[d lrkak' ksr;=re j u Y=oaOd;auhdKka jykafiaf.a msysg whÈkak'
Tnf.a Ôú;fhka Y=oaOd;auhdKka jykafia w;a olskak' hdÉ[d lsÍfuka Y=oaOd;au
§ukd wmg ,nd .; yels fõ' wNsjDoaê wdf,amh ,nd .ekSu u.ska wm mßK;
ls;=kqjka njg m;a fõ'
59
l%shdldrlu
1' Y=oaOd;auhdKkaf.ka mQ¾K jQ wfmdaia;=¨jreka
;=< we;s jQ fjkialï fudkjd o@
2' Y=oaOd;au jrï m;d hdÉ[djla ,shkak'
Ôú;hg ì|la
ksr;=re Y=oaOd;au jrï m;d hdÉ[d lrkak'
60
wNsjDoaê wdf,amh ,eîug iQodku
ls;=kq Ôú;h .; lrk úg" úYajdihg tfrys j meñfKk wNsfhda. yd ÿIalr;dj,g
id¾:l j uqyqK § tajd ch .ekSug wjYH Yla;sh wNsjDoaê wdf,amh u.ska ,efí'
tu Yla;sh ,efnkqfha hï mqoa.,hl= ;=< Y=oaOd;au jrï úfYaIdldrfhka ls%hd;aul
ùfï m%;sM,hla f,isks' Y=oaOd;au jrï ,nd .ekSug kï wm ksis iQodkulska hq;=
j wNsjDoaê wdf,amh kue;s foaj m%ido ksOdkh ,nd .; hq;= h'
wNsjDoaê wdf,amh kue;s foaj m%ido ksOdkh ,nd .ekSu i|yd wjYH
iqÿiqlï
1' m%ido iakdmkh ,nd ;sîu
2' jhi wjqreÿ 14 iïmQ¾K lr ;sîu
3' bIag jrm%idoh we;s j isàu ^mdmfhka f;dr ùu" tA i|yd mdfmdaÉpdrKh
l< hq;= h&
4' ksis O¾fudamfoaYhla ,nd iQodkï ùu
5' fuu m%ido ksOdkh ,nd .ekSug we;s wdYdj yd Wkkaÿj'
wNsjDoaê wdf,amfha foaj m%ido ksOdkh ,nkakkag ,efnk §ukd
³ foúhka jykafiag zzwínd mshdfKksZZ hkqfjka weu;Sug yels ùu
³ ls%ia;=ka jykafiag jvd;a .eUqßka iïnkaO ùug yels ùu
³ Y=oaOd;au §ukd j¾Okh ùu
³ Y=oaO jQ iNdfõ mQ¾K iyNd.s;ajh ,eîu'
³ mßK; ls;=kqjl= yd ls%ia;=ka jykafiaf.a ienE idlaIslrefjl= f,i jpkfhka
yd ls%hdfjka úYajdih m%p,s; lsÍug yd wdrlaId lsÍug Y=oaOd;auhdKka
jykafiaf.a Yla;sh ,eîu
³ wd;auh ;=< fkdueflk ,dxPkhla iksgqyka lsÍu'
15
61
Y=oaOd;au
§ukd 7
m%{dj ¡ - fuf,dj fjkqjg iaj¾.Sh jia;=j yd iem
iïm;aj,g we¨ï lsÍu
±kque;slu ¡ foaj uysuh yd ;u .e,ùu i|yd wjYH
foa ksjerÈ j f;areï .ekSu
ffO¾hh - ¡ ;u wd.ñl lghq;= bgq lsÍfï § uqyqK fok
ndOl yd .eg¨ yuqfõ fkdief,k wêIaGdkhlska
isàu
oek.ekau -¡ iaj¾. rdcHh lrd .uka lsÍfï § uqyqK fok
wk;=rej,ska je<lSug u. ±k .ekSu
foaj Nla;sh- ¡ foúhka jykafiag ysñ jkaokdj yd
fiajh §u
foaj Nh- - ¡ foúhka jykafiag W;=ï u f.!rjh §u yd
Wkajykafia wleue;s foa fkdlsÍu
f;areï .ekSu ¡ úYajdifha i;H;d f;areï .ekSu
Y=oaOd;au M, 12ls'
1' iafkayh
2' mS%;sh
3' iudodkh
4' bjiSu
5' lreKdj
6' hym;alu
7' fkdìfok Èßh
8' idka;odka;lu
9' úYajdijka;lu
10' u¾hodj
11' jD;Ndjh
12' msßisÿlu
62
wNsjDoaê wdf,amh ,enQjkaf.a hq;=lï
1' ;udf.a úYajdih .eUqre lr .ekSu i|yd Wkajykafia ms<sn| ±kqu j¾Okh
lr .ekSu
2' ls%ia;=ka jykafia flfrys iaÒr fm%auhla we;s lr f.k tf,i Ôj;a ùu
3' wjYH wjia:dj, § ls%ia;= fm%auh i|yd keÕS isg thg idlaIs ±Íu
4' ls%ia;=ka jykafia yd tla ù f,dalh Y=oaOjka;Ndjhg m;a lsÍu i|yd ieu
W;aidyhla u ±Íu
5' mßK; ls;=kqjka f,i
¸' jpkfhka idlaIs ±Íu
¸¸' ls%hdfjka idlaIs ±Íu'
wNsjDoaê wdf,amh odkh lrkakd
1' rdc.=rem%id§ka jykafia ¡ idudkHfhka wNsjDoaê wdf,amh odkh lrkq
,nkafka ro.=re;=uka úisks'
2' jeäysáhkag m%ido iakdmkh Þkh lrk úg óiï fiajl msh;=ud úiska
3' rdc.=rem%id§ka jykafiaf.a úfYaI wjir ,;a mQcdm%idÈ;=ful= úiska
4' urKdikak mqoa.,fhl=g ¡ ´kEu msh;=ful= úiska
ls%hdldrlu
1' wNsjDoaê wdf,amh ,eîu i|yd wjYH iqÿiqlï my
,shkak'
2' Y=oaOd;au §ukd y; kï lrkak'
Ôú;hg ì|la
Y=oaO jQ iNdfõ jeäysáfhl= f,i ks;r u wka
whg wdo¾Yj;a j Ôj;aùug W;aiy lruq'
63
wNsjDoaê wdf,amh odkh lsÍfï ms<sfj;
fuu mska;+rh flfrys Tnf.a wjOdkh fhduq lr" Tn iyNd.s jQ wNsjDoaê wdf,amh
odkh lsÍfï ms<sfj;la ms<sn| j isyshg k.d .kak'
Tn fmr mdvïj, § wNsjDoaê wdf,amh ms<sn| j" wNsjDoaê wdf,amh ,eîug iQodkï
úh hq;= wdldrh yd wNsjDoaê wdf,amh ,eîfuka ,nk Y=oaOd;au §ukd yd M, ms<sn|
j W.;af;ys h' fuu mdvfuka wNsjDoaê wdf,amh ,eîfï WÉp;u wjia:dj jk
zzwNsjDoaê wdf,amh odkh lsÍfï ms<sfj;ZZ ms<sn| lreKq bf.k .; yels h'
wNsjDoaê wdf,amh odkh lsÍfï ÈjH hd.h
wdrïNl ms<sfj;
wfmalaIlhka fmrgq fldg .;a ro.=re;=uka we;=`M msßi fmryeßka foajia:dkhg
we;=`M fj;s' wk;=re j bre Èk ÈjH mQcdjl fuka wdrïNl ms<sfj; isÿ lrhs'
16'1 rEmh ¡ wNsjDoaê wdf,amh odkh lsßu
16
64
foaj jdlH ms<sfj;
m<uq jk foaj m%ldYkh" ms<s;=re .Sh" fojk foaj m%ldYkh" iqmqj;a chko
^idOqldrh& yd iqúfYaIh m%ldY lsÍu fuu fldgiska isÿ jk w;r foaj jpkfhka
wfmalaIlhka we;=`M uq`M ix>h u fmdaIKh lrñka O¾udkqYdikh meje;afõ'
wNsjDoaê wdf,amh odkh lsÍu i|yd wfmalaIlhka bÈßm;a lsÍu
;u óifï wNsjDoaê wdf,amh il%fïka;=j ,nd .ekSug iQodkï ù isák ore ±ßhka
fjkqfjka óiï Ndr mQcdm%idÈ;=ud wNsjDoaê wdf,amh il%fïka;=j ,nd fok fuka
rc.=rem%id§ka jykafiaf.ka b,a,hs' tu orejka ta i|yd kshudldrhg iQodkï ù
weoao@ iqÿiq o@ hk j. rdc.=re m%id§ka jykafia mQcdm%id§ka jykafiaf.ka úuihs'
msh;=ud ms<s;=re ÿka miq ro.=re;=ud tu wfmalaIlhka f;dard .;a nj m%ldY lrhs'
fufia f;dard .ekSfuka miq m%ido iakdmk fmdfrdkaÿ w¨;a lrhs'
m%ido iakdmk fmdfrdkaÿ w¨;a lsÍu
fuys § kmqr m%;slafIam lr" úYajdifha m%n, idlaIslrejka ùug;a ls;=kq le|ùu
;=< Èú f.jkakg;a m%ido iakdmkfha § foujqmshka yd wd;añl ujqmshka uÕska
jQ fmdfrdkaÿj" ksoyia leue;af;ka w¨;a lrñka" ls%ia;shdks le|ùu wkqj Ôj;a
ùug ±ä wêIaGdkhlska hq;= j ;u ol=K; È.= lr wfmalaIlfhda fmdfrdkaÿ fo;s'
bka wk;=re j rdc.=re m%id§ka jykafia iqo;=ï jrï m;d hdÉ[d lrhs'
rdc.=re m%id§ka jykafia wfmalaIlhska u; oE;a úysod Y=oaOd;au jrï m;d he§u
fuu wkqms<sfj; fufyfha jeo.;a ;ekla .kshs' mõ fidaod yer c,fhka yd
Y=oaAOd;auhdKkaf.ka kj Ôjkh ,nd ÿka foú iajdóka jykafiaa iekis,s
odhlhdKka jk Y=oaOd;auhdKka orejka u; jiajd" m%{dfõ yd wjfndaOfha o
úpdrfha yd ffO¾hfha o ±k.ekafï yd foaj Nla;sfha o wd;auhdKka tjk f,ig
rdc.=re m%id§ka jykafia hÈhs' ;j o foú mshdKkaf.a ufyda;a;uNdjh bÈßfha ksis
f.!rjh ±laùug jrï m;ñka o hdÉ[d lrhs'
l%siaud ff;,fhka wdf,am lsÍu
rdc.=re m%id§ka jykafia l%siaud ff;,fhka wfmalaIlhdf.a k<, wdf,am lrhs' tu
wjia:dfõ § {dk ujqmsfhda wfmalaIlhskaf.a Wrysia u; w;a ;n;s' rdc.=re m%id§ka
jykafia" —Y=oaOd;auhdKkaf.a uqÞdj ,nd .kakeZZhs mjiñka tla tla wfmalaIlhdf.a
k,, ls%iaud ff;,fhka wdf,am lrhs' fuh wNsjDoaê wdf,amh keu;s foaj m%ido
ksOdkh Þkh lsÍfï ndysr i,l=K hs'
65
fï u.ska wd;aufhys fkdueflk ,dxPkhla ,efnk nj;a wÞ< ls;=kqjd ls%ia;=
fyajd Ngfhl= lsÍu;a ixfla;j;a lrhs' rdc.=re m%id§ka jykafia úiska ls%iaud
ff;,h wdf,am lsÍfuka miq j we;eï úg iq¿ lïuq,a myrla fokq ,efí' ;ukg
meñfKk wNsfhda.j,g uqyqK foñka" O¾u¥; ld¾hh lsÍug ne£ isák nj thska
ixfla;j;a lrhs'
úYajdilhskaf.a heÿï
wNsjDoaê wf,amh il%fïka;=j w¾:j;a j ,nñka mßK; Ôú;hlg md ;enQ ish,a,ka
Wfoid foõ wdisß m;ñka hdÉ[d flf¾'
m~qre ms£u
wNsjDoaê wf,amh ,enQ ish¨ fokd u ;u Ôú; foú ufyda;a;uhdKkag Ndr lrñka
m~qre ms§fï ms<sfj;g iyNd.S fj;s'
l%shdldrlu
1' wNsjDoaê wdf,am ms<sfj; fidhd th we;=<;a lrñka
fmd;a msxpla ilia lrkak'
Ôú;hg ì|la
wNsjDoaê wdf,amh ,eîug ms<sfj; fyd¢ka
wOHhkh lruq'
66
tAl foaj jkaokdj
by; i|yka Y=oaO ,shú,s mdGh lshjd my; i|yka mska;+r kï lrkak'
Èkla Y=oaO jQ w.ia;Skq uqks;=ud fjr<l weúÈñka Y=oaO ;%s;ajh ms<sn| wNsryi jgyd
.ekSug W;aidy lrñka isáfha h' tu wjia:dfõ § fjrf<ys isá l=vd orefjl=
Tn fudn ÿjñka uqyqfoa we;s c,h ismams lgqjlska /f.kú;a uqyqÿ fjrf<a we;s
l=vd j<lg j;alrk wdldrh w.=ia;Skq uqks;=ud ÿgqfõ h' tflfKys u t;=ud" l=vd
orejd wu;d" zzorejd Tn lrkafka l=ula ±ZZhs weiS h' l=vd orejd W;a;r foñka
—Tn f.dia" il, cd;Ska f.da,hka lrkak¦ mshdKkaf.a
o mq;%hdKkaf.a o Y=oaOd;auhdKkaf.a o kdufhka Tjqka
nõ;Siau¡iakdmkh lrkak'˜
^uf;õ 28(19&
17
67
zzuu fï uy uqyqfoa c,h ish,a, fuu j<g mqrjkak W;aidy lrkafkñZZhs ms<s;=re
ÿkafka h' w.=ia;Skq uqks;=ud W;a;r foñka zzfuh Tng l< yels ld¾hhla o@ fuu
uyd id.rfha j;=r fï l=vd j<lg ±ñh yels o@ th Tng lsis lf,l l< fkdyels
hZZhs mjiñka iskdiqfKa h' orejd W;a;r foñka zzTn is;k foa;a tnkaols' Tng
fuu wNsryi jgyd .ekSu wmyiqhe˜hs mjid fkdfmkS .sfha h' ;s%;aúl foúhka
jykafiaf.a uysudkaú; nj yd W;alDIag nj lrK fldg f.k Tjqka jykafia
jgyd .ekSu ñksia ukig l< fkdyels fohls'
Y=oaO ,shú,af,ka ;%s;aúl foúhka jykafiag jkaokdj
túg hlaIhd Wkajykafia Wia ;eklg muqKqjd" laIKhlska
f,dalfha ish¨ rg rdcHhka Wkajykafiag fmkajd" —fïjd flfrys
uq¿ wdêm;Hh o tAjdfha hi biqre o Tng fokafkñ' tAjd ug mjrd
§ we;s fyhska" ud leue;s flfkl=g tAjd foñ' tneúka Tn ud
bÈßfha kuialdr lrkafkys kï tA ish,a, u Tn ika;l jkafka
h˜hs Wkajykafiag lS h' fÊiqia jykafia ms<s;=re foñka" —kqfò
foú jk iñ|dKka jykafiag kuialdr lrkak¦ Wkajykafiag
muKla fiajh lrkakZ lshd ,shd we;e˜hs Tyqg jod< fial'
^Æla 4(5¡8&
fuu Y=oaO ,shú,s mdGfhka l%sia;=ka jykafia wmg fmkajd fokafka foaj jpkh
fyd¢ka wjfndaO lr f.k foúhka jykafiag muKla jkaokd l< hq;= nj hs'
tfuka u" n,h fyda hi biqrej,g jy,a fkdù tl u weoys,a,lska" tl u foúhka
jykafiag muKla jkaokd l< hq;= nj ls%ia;=ka jykafia ;rfha fmkajd fok fial'
ud yer wka lsis u foú flfkl= kqUg fkdisáh hq;=
h' kqU i|yd fk¿ rEmhla fyda by< wyfiysj;a" my<
fmdf<dfjysj;a" fmdf<dfjka hg c,fhysj;a we;s lsis u
jia;=jlg iudk fohla fyda idod fkd.kak' kqU tAjdg
kuialdr fkdlrkak' tAjdg fkdj¢kak'
^kslauhdu 20(3¡5&
68
Y=oaO ;%s;ajfhys fuys jykafia,d ;sfofkla isáh;a jev isákafka tl u foú
flfkls' Wkajykafia ;%s;aúl foúhka jykafia h' fuh lf;da,sl úYajdih hs'
Y=oaO ;s%;ajh wNsryils' th jgyd .; yelafla úYajdifhka mu‚'
wms iefjdu ;%s;aúl foúhka jykafiag muKla jkaokd kuialdr l< hq;= h'
mqrdK .súiqfï kslauhdu .%ka:fha i|yka jk oi mkf;ys m<uq jk mk;ska
olajkqfha o tAl foaj jkaokdj ms<sn| j h' ls;=kqjkaf.a Ôú;fha flakaøSh wNsryi
jkqfha Y=oaO ;s%;ajh h' foaj mq;%hd udxY.;ùfuka ukqIHhdg foúhka jykafiaf.a
fm%auh fmkakqï lrhs' ;j o mshdKka jykafia" mq;%hdKka jykafia yd
Y=oaOd;auhdKka jykafia tl u foúhka jykafia h' ls%ia;=ka jykafiaf.ka miq
mshdKka jykafia úiska Y=oaOd;auhdKka jykafia tjk ,È' tneúka Y=oaOd;auhdKka
jykafia mshdKka yd mq;%hdKka jykafia iu. jkaokdj;a uysuh;a ,nk fial'
;%s;aúl foúhka jykafiaf.a ld¾hhka
ms;d" mq;%hd yd Y=oaOd;auhdKka hk jykafia,dg úúO ld¾hhka mejÍ we;'
mshdKka jykafiaf.a ld¾hNdrh
mshdKka jykafiag úYajh ujd mßmd,kh lsÍfï ld¾h mejÍ we;' W;am;a;s
fmdf;a ueùfï l;dfjka th meyeÈ,s flf¾'
foúhka jykafia ;uka ujd jÞ< ish¨ foa krUd" th
b;d ukyr nj ÿgq fial'
^W;am;a;s 1(31&
úYajfha md,lhdfKda o Wkajykafia h'
mq;%hdKka jykafiaf.a ld¾hNdrh
mq;%hdKka jykafiag úYajh .,jd .ekSfï ld¾hh ysñ h' ñksidf.a m%:u wlSlrelfï
mdmh fya;= fldg f.k .e,ùfï ld¾h i|yd fÊiqia jykafia foaj wNsu;h mßÈ
fuf,djg jeäh fial' ;u ÿla ú§u yd urKh ;=<ska ñksid mdmfhka .,jd .;a
fial' tA ;=<ska ñ§u;a mõ ludj;a wmg ,eî we;'
69
Y=oaOd;auhdKka jykafiaf.a ld¾hNdrh
Y=oaOd;auhdKka jykafiag úYajh Y=oaOj;a lsÍfï ld¾hh ysñ úh' m%ido iakdmkh
,enQ ish,a,ka ;=< u Y=oaOd;auhdKka jykafia l%shd;aul fjñka Y=oaOj;a lrk
fial' Y=oaOd;auhdKka jykafia wmf.a yoj;aj, jev jdih lrk fial' tu ksid
m%ido iakdmkh ,enQj;a Y=oaOd;auhdKka jykafia jev jdih lrk foaj ud,s.d fõ'
;%s;aúl foúhka jykafia yd m%ido iakdmkh
wm m%ido iakdmkh ,enqfõ o Y=oaO ;s%;ajfha kdufhks' —''''''''''''''^ku& mshdKkaf.a o
mq;%hdKkaf.a o Y=oaOd;auhdKkaf.a o kdufhka uu Tn fn!;Siau lrñ˜ lshñka Tn
m%ido iakdmkh lrkq ,eì‚' tfuka u m%ido iakdmk fmdfrdkaÿfjka o ;%s;aúl
foúhka jykafia úYajdi lrk nj Tn fjkqfjka foujqmsfhd;a {dk ujqmsfhd;a
fmdfrdkaÿ jQy'
mQcdm%idÈ;=ud ( wyi;a fmdf<dj;a ujd jÞ< ish¨ n,e;s foú mshdKka jykafia
flfrys Tn úYajdi lrkakyq o@
ish,af,da ( wms úYajdi lruq'
mQcdm%idÈ;=ud ( lkH ußfhda;audjkaf.ka bmso" l=reisfhys urKfhka yd
uysudkaú; W;a:dkh u.ska wm .<jd .;a" foúhka jykafiaf.a
tl u mq;% jQ wmf.a iajdñka jQ fÊiqia jykafia flfrys Tn
úYajdi lrkakyq o@
ish,af,da ( wms úYajdi lruq'
mQcdm%idÈ;-=ud ( Y=oaOd;auhdKka jykafia flfrys o Y=oaO jQ iNdj flfrys o
idka;=jrhkaf.a ifudaiO¾u,dNh flfrys o Tn úYajdi lrkakyq
o@
ish,af,da ( wms úYajdi lruq'
fuu fmdfrdkaÿj,ska fmkajkq ,nkafka ;%s;aúl foúhka jykafia úYajdi lrk
nj h'
70
ñysmsg fjfik mjq,aj, fiajdjka
;%s;aúl foúhka jykafiaf.a fiajdj fuka" mjqf,a o tlsfkldg wkkH jQ fiajd
rdYshla we;' ls;=kq mjq, tlai;a j tlais;a j isáh hq;= h' tfuka u ls%ia;=ka jykafia
fuka wkHhkag fm%au lrñka Ôj;a úh hq;= h' Y=oaO ;s%;ajfha isák ;ekeka jykafia,d
;sfokd fuka fkdìf|k idx>sl Ôú;hla .; l< hq;= h' jykafia,d ;sfofkla
isáh;a tl u foúhka jykafia fuka mjqf,a o ish¨ fokdf.a ls%hdldß;ajhka
tlsfkld yd iyfhda.fhka iudodkfhka bgq l< hq;= h' ñysmsg Y=oaO ;s%;ajfha
ixfla;h ls;=kq mjq, úh hq;= h'
l%shdldrlu
1' mshdKka jykafiaf.a mq;%hdKka jykafiaf.a yd Y=oaOd;auhdKka
jykafiaf.a ld¾hhka fjk fjk u ,shkak'
2' Y=oaO ;s%;ajh ms<sn| wNsryi fláfhka myokak'
3' mjq, ;=< ;s%;aúl foúhka jykafiaf.a wdorh fmkaúh yels
wdldrh ±lafjk l;djla fláfhka ,shkak'
Ôú;hg ì|la
tl u foúhka jykafiag muKla jkaokd
lruq'
mjqf,a idudcslhka w;r we;s tluq;=lu Y=oaO ;%s;ajfha tluq;=lu
fmkakqï lrhs' orejka ìys lsÍu yd we;s ±ä lsÍu u.ska foúhka
jykafiaf.a ueùfï ld¾hh fouõmshka l%shdjg k.hs' ÈjH mQcdjg
iyNd.s ùu" Èkm;d hdÉ[dj yd foaj jpkh lshùu mjq, ;=< we;s
fm%auh Yla;su;a lrhs' O¾uodkh yd O¾u¥; fiajh mjq,g mejfrk
j.lSï fõ'
^l'i'O'2205&
;%s;aúl foúhka jykafia yd mjq,
71
tl u foúhka jykafia ;=< úYajdifha Ôú;hla
y;rjk wekaá´lia tmsmdfkia md,k iufha § úcd;sl j;a ms<sfj;a bgq lsÍug
ujg iy ore y;a fokdg n, lrk ,È' tkuqÿ tl u foúhka u; hemqKq Tjqka" tu
j;a ms<sfj;aj, fkdfhÿKq ksid Tjqka urd ouk ,È' tu urKh wNsuqj uj orejka
Yla;su;a lf<a" —Tn uf.a l=i isáh;a" uu lsß ÿkak;a" yeÿj;a" jevqj;a Tn whs;s
foúhka jykafiag h' tA ksid fkdìh j urKhg bÈßm;a jkak' túg wm ieug
úksYaph ojfia § iajdóka jykafia uqK .efihs˜ lshd h' ^2 ulì 7&
fuu l;d mqj; by; nhsn,a mdGh lshùu uÕska Tng ;j ÿrg;a jgyd.; yels h'
thska ñ:Hd weoys,sj,g hg;a fkdúh hq;= nj;a thska wNsfhda. yuqfõ fkdìh j
iaÓr j isàug Yla;sh foúhka jykafiaf.ka ,efnk nj;a wjOdrKh lrhs'
ñ:Hd weoys,s foúhka jykafiag m%ikak l%shd fkdfõ' tfuka u tAjd m<uqjk foaj
mk;g úreoaO l%shd h' ñ:Hd weoys,sj,ska m%ido iakdmkh ,o ls;=kqjka wE;a úh
hq;= h'
rEm jkaokdjg úreoaO wjjdo
Tfí foú iñ|dKka jykafia Tn whs;s lr .kakg hk
foaYfhys cd;Ska jkid ±uQ l,ays Tn Tjqka mkakdoud" Tjqkaf.a
foaYfhys mÈxÑ jQ l, Tng l,ska úkdY ù .sh Tjqka miqmi hEug
fkd/jfgk f,i fyd¢ka j. n,d .kak' ;jo" fï cd;Ska Tjqkaf.a
foúfoaj;djkag je÷ï msÿï flf<a flfia o zuu;a tfia lrñZ
lshd Tjqkaf.a foúfoaj;djka .ek úia;r fkdfidhkak' Tn tfia
lf<d;a" Tn Tjqka fuka jkq we;' Tn kï Tfí foú iñ|dKka
jykafiag tf,i fkdl< hq;-= h' iñ|dKka jykafia ffjr lrk
ieu ms<sl=,a fohla u Tjqka ;ukaf.a foúfoaj;djka iïnkaOfhka
lr we;' Tõyq ;ukaf.a foúfoaj;djka i|yd Tjqkaf.a ore ±ßhka
mjd .skafka ms,siaiQy'
^oaú;Sh 12(29¡31&
fï mdGh u.ska bYardfh,a ck;djg wjjdo lrkafka fmdfrdkaÿ foaYfha Ôj;a úh
hq;= wdldrh ms<sn| j h' tys § ldkdksjrekaf.a ñ:Hd weoys,sj,ska neyer jk f,i
Wkajykafia wjjdo lrk fial'
18
72
fuhska fmkajd fokafka" ñ:Hd weoys,s foúhka jykafia m%;slafIam lrk nj h'
foú÷kag ms<sl==,a lrk fohska" je<lS isáh hq;= h' ienE jQ tl u foúhka jykafiag
muKla jkaokd l< hq;= h' nìf,dakshdfõ jy¨ka jQfha ñ:Hd weoys,s wkq.ukh
l< ksid h'
fndre foaj ms<su fj; fkdyefrkak¦ f,dayfhka jd;a;= l<
foújreka idÞ fkd.kak" kqU,df.a foú iñ|dKka jykafia
uu fjñ'
^f,ù 19(4&
fjk;a wd.ñlhka Ndú; lrk ms<su foúhka jykafia m%;slafIam lrk nj fuu
mdGh fmkajd fohs'
Tn w;r Èjeisjrfhl= fyda iajmak f;darkafkl= fyda my< ù"
Tng ydialula fyda wreu mqÿu fohla fyda mdkakg fhdackd
fldg" Tyq lS whqßka tA ydialï fyda wreu mqÿu foa fyda isÿ ù
Tn fkdy÷kk wka foú foaj;djka miqmi f.dia" —wms Tjqkag
je÷ï msÿï lruq˜hs lSfjd;a" tjeks Èjeisjrfhl=f.a fyda iajmak
f;darkafkl=f.a fyda lSïj,g Tn ijka fkdÈh hq;= h' fujeks
foaj,ska Tfí foú iñ|dKka jykafiag Tfí uq¿ yDofhka iy
ukqIH mq;%h" fï ukqIHhka ;ukaf.a foaj rEmj,g ish is;a fhduq
lr we;¦ Tjqkaf.a jeàug fya;= jk mdmsIaG foa foig fk;a fhdud
we;' udf.ka úuikak Tjqkag fldfy;a u bv Èh hq;= o@ tneúka
Tjqka iu. l;d lr Tjqkag lshkak" ufyda;a;u foú iajdóka jykafia
fufia jÞrk fial' foaj rEmj,g ish is;a fhduq lr .;a" Tjqkaf.a
jeàug fya;= jk mdmsIaG fohg fk;a fhduq lr .;a hï bYardfh,a
cd;slfhl= Èjeisjrhd fj; meñ‚h fyd;a" Tyqf.a foaj rEm nyq, ùu
ksid iajdóka jk uu u Tyqg ms<s;=re fokafkñ' fufia lrkafka" uq¿
bYardfh,a jxYh ;ukaf.a foaj rEm lrK fldg f.k udf.ka fjka j
.sh neúka Tjqka wdmiq ud fj; Èkd .kakd ms‚i h'
^tilsh,a 14(3¡6&
73
Tfí uq¿ is;ska fm%au lrkakyq ± hs Wkajykafia Tn mÍlaId lrk
fial' Tn yeu" foú iñ|dKka jykafia wkqj f.dia" .reìh olajd"
Wkajykafiaf.a wd× wdrlaId fldg" y~g lSlre ù Wkajykafiag je÷ï
msÿï fldg" we¿ï j isáh hq;= h'
^oaú;Sh 13(1¡4&
by; mdGhg wkqj fndre Èjeisjrfhl=f.a fyda iajmak f;darkafkl=f.a fyda
lSïj,g ijka fkdÈh hq;= h' uq¿ yDofhka o uq¿ is;ska o foúhka jykafiag
muKla .reìh ±laúh hq;= h' foúhka jykafiaf.a wd{d wdrlaId l< hq;= h' Tjqka
jykafiaf.a y~g lSlre ù" Wkajykafiag muKla jeÿï msÿï fldg" fm%au l<
hq;= h'
úYajdihg úreoaO j ksrka;rfhka mek k.sk mÍlaId ms<sn| j o wjOdkh fhduq
l< hq;= h' uqo," n,h" jia;=j wdÈ f,!lsl foaj,g foúhka jykafiag Èh hq;=
;ek §u kqiqÿiq h' foúhka jykafiag yd f,!lsl foaj,g wdorh l< fkdyels h'
m%dKmß;H.Sjreka fndfyda fofkl=g Èú ms§ug isÿ jQfha tAl foajjd§ úYajdihla
u; Ôj;a jQ ksid h' rEm jkaokdfjka tAl foajjdoh m%;slafIam flf¾'
lf;da,sl úYajdihg wkqj kele;a ne,Su" n,s f;dú,a" ,.ak m,dm," hka;% uka;%"
Ydia;% weiSu" .=relï" fmak ne,Su" yQkshï yd foys lemSu wdÈh o ñ:Hd weoys,s
fõ' tfuka u ;j ÿrg;a tÈfkÞ Ôú;fha mj;sk ñ:Hd úYajdi jk" .ukla hk
úg fyda iqn fohla l;d lrk úg yQkd —Ñla Ñla˜ hehs lE .eiSu wiqn hehs lSu"
.ukla hk úg ysia l<hla" orñáhla" fldiaila fyda bo,la w;e;s flfkla ÿgq
úg wiqn nj úYajdi lsÍu" jekaoUqjla iqn lghq;= i|yd iyNd.s lrjd .ekSu
wiqn hehs úYajdi lsÍu" .ukla hk úg mQfil= hk uÕ yryg mekSu wiqn hehs
is;Su" wÕyrejdÞ" isl=rdÞ jeks Èkj, fuka u u<jqkaf.a udih hehs kï lrk
,o fkdjeïn¾ udifha iqn lghq;= lsÍu wiqn hehs is;Su jeks lreKq foúhka
jykafiag wm%ikak l%shd h' fmnrjdß udifha iqn lghq;=j, fkdfh§u" Okh"
n,h" iqL úyrKh" cd;sjdoh" l=,h" mrïmrd ms<sn| mïfmdaß lSu wdÈh foúhka
jykafia úiska m%;slafIam lrk foaj,a h' Y=oaO nhsn,fhka fndre Èjeisjrekaf.a
ydialï yd iajmakj,g fkd/jfgk f,i foúhka jykafia Wmfoia ÿka fial'
74
foúhka jykafiag ióm ùug l< hq;= oE¦
² tl u foúhka jykafiag muKla jkaokd l< hq;= h'
² tAl foaj jkaokdfjka foaj in|;dj j¾Okh lr .; hq;= h'
² ñ:Hd weoys,sj,ska je<lS" wka wh o bka fírd .; hq;= h'
² foúhka jykafia u; muKla hefmñka Ôú; wNsfhda.j,g uqyqK §ug j.n,d
.; hq;= h'
² hlaI" N+; udhï we;s nj úYajdi fkdl< hq;= h'
² fuf,dj we;s ish¨ u oE foúhka jykafia bÈßfha ¥ú,a,lg iudk nj ms<s.;
hq;= h'
l%shdldrlu
1' tl u foúhka jykafiag muKla jkaokd lsÍu i|yd l< hq;=
oE ,ehsia;= .; lrkak' ^lreKq myla iEfya&
2' tÈfkÞ Ôú;fha § Tn m%;slafIam l< hq;= ñ:Hd weoys,s myla
,shkak'
3' —ñ:Hd weoys,s msgq olsuq˜ hk uefhka fmdaiagrhla ks¾udKh
lrkak'
Ôú;hg ì|la
ñ:Hd weoys,sj,ska je<lS foúhka
jykafia muKla úYajdi lruq'
75
idka;=jr ne;sh
19'1 rEmh ¡ Y=oaO jQ wkaf;daks uqks;=ud
1' Y=oaO jQ wkaf;daks uqks;=ud ms<sn| Tn okakd lreKq ;=kla ,shkak'
2' t;=udf.a Ôú;fhka Tnf.a Ôú;hg .; yels jeo.;a u wdo¾Yh l=ula o@
rEm jkaokdj hkq mqoa.,fhla fyda rEmhla fyda f,!lsl jia;=jla fyda foaj;ajfhka
i,ld" Tyqg fyda wehg fyda thg fyda jkaokd lsÍu hs' m%;sud" rEm fyda mska;+r
u.ska isÿ jkqfha tAjd u.ska ms<sônq jk mqoa.,hd wmf.a u;lhg f.k tAu hs' ;j
o fuu m%;sudj,g fyda rEmj,g fyda m%d;syd¾hh mEfï n,h we;s nj úYajdi
fkdl< hq;= h' m%;sud" fndr,slalï fyda fjk;a m,|kd wdÈh foaj wdYS¾jdofhka
Y=oaOj;a lr we;' tAjd f.!rjfhka mßyrKh l< hq;= h' idka;=jre ;u Ôú;
ld,h u foúhka jykafia fjkqfjka Ôj;a ù" Tjqka jykafia fjkqjka idlaIs orñka
fuf,dúka iuq .;a wh jQy' m%;sudjlg fyda rEmhlg fyda .re nqyquka olajk
úg" thska ms<sônq jkafka tu rEmfha isák mqoa.,hdg .re lrk njhs' m%;sudj,
mrud¾:h tu mqoa.,hd isysm;a lsÍu hs' foúhka jykafiaf.a ñ;%;ajh Èkd .;a
mqoa.,fhl=g .re nqyquka ±laùfuka foúhka jykafiag jkaokd lrk nj woyd .;
hq;= h' idka;=jrekag .re l< hq;af;a" Tjqkaf.a wdo¾Yj;a Èúh Wfoid h' tneúka
19
76
Tjqkag hdÉ[d lrñka" Tjqkaf.a Y=oaO jQ Od;=j,g yd m%;sudj,g .re nqyquka ola-
jkafkuq' Tjqkaf.a wdo¾Y wkq.ukh lrñka wmf.a Ôú; f.dvkÕd .; yels h'
—Wkajykafiaf.a i¿jg muKla w; ;enqj fyd;a" ug iqjh ,efnkq we;e˜hs i¿jg
w; .eiQ ia;%sh úYajdi l<d h' fuhska fmkakqï flfrkqfha fÊiqia jykafiaf.a
i¿j Y=oaO jQ jia;=jla f,i weh ie,l= nj hs'
mer‚ .súiqfï o m%;sud Ndú; flß‚"
³ flreíjre ^foaj ¥;hka& ^kslau hdu 25(18¡22& - .súiqï lr~qj w,xldr
lrk msKsi idok ,o rEmh
³ f,dalv i¾mhd ^.Kka l:dj 21(8¡9& - i¾mhka oIag l< whg iqjh ,nk
ms‚i idok ,È' fïjd idok ,oafoa foúhka jykafif.a u Wmfoia wkqj h'
Y=oaOjka;hska
kqU i|yd fk¿E rEmhla fyda by< wyfiysj;a" my<
fmdf<dfjysj;a" fmdf<dfjka hg c,fhysj;a we;s lsis u
jia;=jlg iudk fohla fyda idÞ fkd.kak" kqU tAjdg
kuialdr fkdlrkak¦ tAjdg fkdj¢kak' ukao" kqfò foú
iñ|dKka jykafia jk ud m%;sjd§ka fkdbjik foú-
flfkl= jk neúks' ug ffjr lrk mshjrekaf.a mdmh
ksid ;=ka jk" i;r jk mrïmrdj olajd Tjqkaf.a orejkag
uu o~qjï lrñ'
^kslau hdu 20(4¡5&
foúhka jykafia —m%;sjd§ka˜ fkdbjik fial' m%;sjd§ka hkq fjk;a foú foaj;djka
h' tu ksid Y=oaOjka;fhda hkq m%;sjd§yq fkdfj;s' Y=oaOjka;hka lf;da,sl wmg
wdo¾Yhls' Y=oaOjka;hskag" Y=oaO jQ øjHhkag" Y=oaO jQ ia:dkj,g wf.!rj lsÍu
mdmhls' Tjqyq ±kgu;a iaj¾.Sh iem; ysñlr f.k isá;s' Y=oaOjka;fhda foaj
wNsuqLfha isákafkda h' Tjqyq wm fjkqfjka hdÉ[d lr;s'
Y=oaOjka;hskaf.a wdo¾Yh wkqj Tng l< yels oE
² Ôú;fha ieu lghq;a;l § u foúhka jykafiag uq,a;ek ,nd §u
² foaj jpkhg uq,a ;ek foñka Èkm;d Y=oaO nhsn,h lshjd fufkys lsÍu
77
² idka;=jreka wka whg Woõ ùug ueoy;a jk wdldrhg wm o wka whg Woõ
ùug fkdmiqng úh hq;= h
² idka;=jr pß; l;d lshjñka tajd ;u Ôú;hg wdo¾Yhla lr .ekSu
² idka;=jreka foaj kshuhka wkqj Ôj;a jQ wdldrh ms<sn| lreKq fidhd f.k
tA wkqj Ôj;a ùu
² foajia:dkfha idka;=jr ux.,H wjia:dj, meje;afjk kqjdk yd ÈjH mQcdjg
iïmQ¾Kfhka u iyNd.s ùu'
l%shdldrlu
1' idka;=jr ne;sh ms<sn| lreKq we;=<;a lr fonila
ks¾udKh lrkak'
2' Tn leu;s idka;=jr Ôú; l;djl idrdxYh ,shkak'
3' tu idka;=jr Ôú;fhka Tng .; yels wdo¾Y ;=kla
,shkak'
Ôú;hg ì|la
idka;=jr Ôú; wkqlrKh lruq'
78
foaj kdufha Y=oaO;ajhg .re lsÍu
kqU foú iñÞKka jykafiaf.a kduh w.re f,i Ndú;
fkdlrj' hfula tA kduh w.re f,i Ndú; lrkafka o Tyqg
uu o~qjï lrñ'
^kslau hdu 20(7&
fuu mdGh fyd|ska lshjd" fudfyd;la fufkys lrkak' thska lshefjk oE ms<sn|
is;kak'
foúhka jykafia w;s Y=oaOjka; jk fial' ;uka jykafia flfrys úYajdih
;nkakkag ;u kduh t<sorõ lrk fial' foúhka jykafiaf.a kduh o w;s
Y=oaOjka; h' tneúka Tjqka jykafiaf.a kduh f.!rjfhka Ndú; l< hq;= h'
wdYS¾jdo lsÍug" m%Yxid lsÍug" hdÉ[d lsÍug fyda uysuhg m;a lsÍug yer
wkjYH f,i foaj kduh WÉpdrKh fkdl< hq;= h' oi mkf;a fojk mkf;ka
fmkajd fokqfha" foúhka jykafiaf.a Y%S kduh ks.re f,i Ndú; fkdl< hq;= nj
hs' foaj kduh WÉpdrKh lrk úg th Nla;sfhka yd f.!rjfhka l< hq;= h'
mqrdK .súiqfï b.ekaùï
Wkajykafiaf.a kdufhka muKla Èjqreï Èh
hq;= h'
^oaú;Sh 10(20&
uqid fodvkakjqkaf.a uqj mshfjk úg iñ÷ka kñka
Èjqrkafkda m%S;su;a jkafkda h'
^.S;dj,sh 63(11&
20
79
mQrdK .súiqfï Èjqreu wkqu; lr we;s nj by; i|yka Y=oaO nhsn,a mdGj,ska
meyeÈ,s fõ'
l%sia;=ka jykafiaf.a b.ekaùu
uu Tng lshñ" fldfy;a u fkdÈjqrkak' iaj¾.h foúhka
jykafiaf.a isxydikh neúka" tA kñka j;a" fmdf<dj foúhka
jykafiaf.a md mqgqj neúka tA kñka j;a" fcrei,u uy rcqf.a
rdcOdksh jk neúka tA kñkaj;a fkdÈjqrkak' tl ysi flila
iqÿ lr .kak fyda l¿ lr .kak fyda Tng kqmq¿jka neúka ysi
kñka j;a fkdÈjqrkak' Tfí woyi —tfia h˜ lSu kï" —tfia h˜
lshd o" —ke;˜ lSu kï" —ke;˜ lshd o fõjd' Bg jeä hula weoao
th tkafka kmqrdf.ka h'
^uf;õ 5(34¡37&
fuu Y=oaO ,shú,s mdGfhka wmg fmkajd fokafka ÈjqÍu l%sia;=ka jykafia ;rfha u
fy<d olsk njhs'
mdjq¨ ;=udf.a b.ekaùu
ud fldßka;shg kdfõ Tng we;s wkqlïmdj
ksid njg" yo m;af,ka Èjqrñka" foúhka
jykafia udf.a idlaIslre jYfhka le|jñ'
^2 fldßka;s 1(23&
fï ,shk foa ienE nj foúhka jykafia bÈßfha
iy;sl lr lshñ'
^.,d;s 1(20&
fuhska mdjq¨ ;=ud Èjqreu wkqu; lrk nj meyeÈ,s fõ'
80
nhsn,Sh b.ekaùu o i,ld n,d Y=oaO jQ iNdfõ b.ekaùu fufia bÈßm;a lrhs'
Èjqreu ms<sn| Y=oaO jQ iNdfõ b.ekaùï
kS;sh bÈßfha ;uka mjik foa i;Hh nj okafkys kï" tjka wjia:djl Èjqßh
yels h' tkï nrm;, lreKl § Èjqreï Èh yels nj Y=oaO jQ iNdj W.kajk w;r"
tjka wjia:djl i;Hh muKla m%ldY l< hq;= h' fndre fmdfrdkaÿ fkdÈh hq;=
h' th fojk mk;g úreoaO mdmhls'
oi mkf;a wg jk mk; jk —fndre idlaIs fkdlshj˜ mk;g wkqj o fndre lSu
;ykï lr we;' hï fohla fkd±k tA ms<sn| j idlaIs ±Íu foaj mk;g úreoaO j
hduls'
ndrydr ms<sn| Y=oaO jQ iNd b.ekaùu
ndrhla hkq foúhka jykafiag m%ikak wu;r hula lrkakg iajlSh leue;af;ka
u fok fmdfrdkaÿjls' tu ksid ndrhla úh hq;af;a mQ¾jfhka tA ms<sn| j fyd¢ka
is;d u;d h' ndrhla lvlsÍu nrm;, jrola úh yels h'
ndrhla fkdùu Tng mdmhla fkdfõ'
^oaú;Sh 23(22&
j¾;udkfha § ndrh hï .kqfokqjla ke;skï w,a,ia §ula njg m;a j we;'
tkï" zTn hula fokafka kï uu;a Tng hula foñZ hk ;;a;ajhg m;a jQjls'
ndrydr foúhka jykafia iu. lrk .kqfokqjla fkdfõ' foúhka jykafiaf.a
whs;sh foúhka jykafiag mjrd §uls' fuh W;a;Í;r wdl,amhls' ndr Tmamq lsÍfï
§ Tmamq lrkakdf.a wdl,amh jeo.;a fõ' hï mqoa.,fhl=g foúhka jykafia ,nd
ÿka fohlg yo m;af,ka u l<.=K ie,lSula" mS%;sh m< lsÍula " m%Yxid lsÍula
fyda úYajdih m%ldY lsÍula jYfhka hula Tmamq lrkafka o hkak is;d ne,sh
hq;= h'
wmg l< yels hym;a oE
² foaj kduh f.!rjfhka Ndú; lrkak'
² wm wka whg ÿka fmdfrdkaÿ bgq lr tAjdg úYajdi mlaI úh hq;= h'
81
l%shdldrlu
1' kslau hdu 20(7g wkqj" oi mkf;a fojk mk; ,shkak'
2' —foúhka jykafiaf.a kduh W;alDIag h˜ hk ud;Dldj
hgf;a ì;a;s mqj;a m;lg ,smshla ,shkak'
Ôú;hg ì|la
foaj kduh Nh Nla;sfhka hq;= j
WÉpdrKh lrkak'
82
bre Èk Y=oaOjka; j .; lsÍu
ojia yhla ;=< jev l< yel" tfy;a y;ajk Èk" iñ|dKka
jykafia jk ug fjka l< ksjdvqfõ in;a Èkhhs'
^kslau hdu 31(15&
foúhka jykafia Èk yhlska f,dalh ujd y;ajk Èk ksjdvq .;a fial' Èk yhla
jev lrkd ukqIHhdg o i;ajk Èk ksjdvq Èkhla h' tneúka úYajh ujd wmg
.e,ùu Èkd ÿka foúhka jykafia fjkqfjka fuu Èkh .; lsÍug ls;=kq wm l%shd
l< hq;= h' tu Èkh fjkodg jvd O¾udkql+, j .; l< hq;= h' fjkodg jvd
foúhka uq,a lr f.k Ôj;a jk ukqIHd foaj jkaokdfõ yd hym;a l%shdjkays ksr;
ùug lghq;= lsÍu jeo.;a h'
tneúka iajdóka jykafiaf.a Èkh jk breÈk Y=oaOj;a lrñka ls;=kqfjda pdß;%dkql+,
j;ams<sfj;a tu Èkfha § isÿ lr;s' iajdóka jykafiaf.a Èkh jk breÈk mj;ajk
ÈjH mQcdj ish¨ jkaokdfõ W,am; yd uqÿkalv f,i i,l;s'
cqod iïm%odfha in;a Èk O¾uYd,djg tla j foaj jpkh fnod .ekSu isÿ úh'
l%sia;=ka jykafia o wfmdia;=¨jreka o fuu iïm%odhg .re lrñka lghq;= l< nj
kj .súiqfï i|yka fõ ^udla 6(1¡6&'
l%sia;=ka jykafia W;a:dkh jQ Èkh jk breÈk j¾;udkfha wm foú÷kag lem
lr we;s Èkh hs' wdor foú mshdKka jykafia wm tk;=re n,d isákafka wm foaj
jpkfhka iy ;u mq;Kqjkaf.a Y%S YÍrfhka fmdaIKh lr Yla;su;a lsÍug h'
breÈkh
² fÊiqia jykafia W;a:dk jQ Èkh hs ^Æla 24(1¡12&
² W;a:dk jQ fÊiqia jykafia jeämqr u o¾Ykh jQ Èkh hs
¡ u.ao,dfõ ußhdg o¾Ykh ùu ^fcdyka 20(11¡18&
¡ Y%djlhkag o¾Ykh ùu ^fcdyka 20(19¡23&
¡ f;dauia ;=udg o¾Ykh ùu ^fcdyka 20(24¡29&
² Y=oaOd;aud.ukh isÿ jQ fmka;fldia; Èkh hs ^l%shd 2&
in;a Èk jeo.;alu ;=kajk foaj mk;ska wmg fufia olajhs'
21
83
in;a oji Y=oaO f,i meje;aùug is;g .kak'
ojia yhla ;=< kqU fjfyi ù kqfò ish¨ jev
l< hq;= h' tfy;a" y;ajk oji kqfò foú
iñ|dKka jykafiag lem jQ in; h'
^kslauhdu 20(8¡10&
fï wkqj ls;=kq wm breÈk wmf.a foaj jkaokduh hq;=lï iajdóka jykafia yuqfõ
bgq l< hq;= h' tA wkqj bßod Èk uq¿ ÈjH mQcd hd.hg iyNd.S úh hq;= h' uq¿ ÈjH
mQcdjg u iyNd.s ùu hkq ÈjH mQcdfõ wdrïNl .S;sldfõ isg wjidk .S;sldj
olajd u iyNd.S ùu hs'
breÈk ÈjH mQcdjg wm wksjd¾fhka u iyNd.s úh hq;= h' thska wm ksoyia jkafka
widOH f,i .s,ka j tla;eka ù isàu" frda.sfhl= n,d .ekSu jeks wjia:djkays
§ mu‚' is;d u;d fuu Kh hqla;sh meyer yeÍfuka ls;=kq wm nrm;, mdmhla
lrhs' mdi,a ksjdvq ld,fha oyï mdi,a fkdmeje;ajQj o breÈk ÈjH mQcdjg iyNd.s
úh hq;= h' breÈk úfkdao pdßldjla .sh o w;ru. § fyda foajia:dkhlg f.dia
ÈjH mQcdjg iyNd.S ùug wu;l fkdl< hq;= h'
tfuka u breÈk ÈjH mQcd hd.h kue;s idx>sl cfhda;aijhg iyNd.S ùfuka
l%sia;=ka jykafiag yd Wkajykafiaf.a iNdjg olajk ne£u yd úYajdijka;Ndjhg
wm mx.=ldr fõ' tA wkqidrfhka .súiqï iudðl;ajh wm w¨;a lr .kshs'
foúhka jykafiaf.a Y=oaOjka;Ndjhg;a .e,ùfï n,dfmdfrd;a;=jg;a idlaIs
orñka Y=oaOd;auhdKka jykafiaf.a fufyh ùu u; foaj ck;dj f,i wms Yla;su;a
jkafkuq'
breÈk Y=oaOj;a lsÍu i|yd l< yels ld¾hhka
² breÈk uq¿ ÈjH mQcdjg w¾:dkaú; j iyNd.S ù ÈjH i;am%ido jykafia ,nd
.ekSu
² tÈkg kshñ; foaj jdlH fldgia lshjd fufkys lsÍu
² oyï mdi,g iyNd.s ùu
² yels;dla ohdfõ l%shdjkays ksr; ùu
² frda.Ska neye±lSu
² óifï fyda .fuys meje;afjk Y%uodk" fmdÿ hym;a lghq;=j,g iyNd.S ùu
² óifï meje;afjk iñ;s iud.ïj,g iyNd.S ùu
² ;u mjqf,a whf.a fuka u {d;s ñ;%d§kaf.a wjYH;d yuqfõ msysg ùu
fuf,i iñ÷kaf.a ch ux., Èkh Y=oaO f,i .; lrñka iajdóka jykafia ;=<
m%S;sh w;aolskakg fhduq ùu ls;=kq wmf.a mru hq;=luls'
84
l%shdldrlu
1' kslauhdu 31(15 wkqj in;a Èkh ld fjkqfjka .; lrk
Èkhla o@
2' oi mkf;a f;jk mk; ,shd olajkak'
3' ls;=kq wmf.a bre Èk Kh hqla;sh jkafka l=ula o@
4' bre Èk Y=oaOj;a j .; lsÍug Tng l< yels l%shd myla
,shd olajkak'
Ôú;hg ì|la
bre Èk ÈjH mQcdjg iyNd.S ù
oji Y=oaOj;a lr.kak'
85
foaj jkaokdj
ls;=kq ck;dj tAlrdYs ù uq¿ úYajfha uejqïldr foúhka jykafiag l%sia;=ka
jykafia u.ska lrk W;=ï u jkaokdj foaj jkaokdj ^ck jkaokdj& f,i w¾:
±laúh yels h' —foúhka jykafiaf.a uOHia:lhdfKda˜ hk úYaj f,aLkfha wxl
20ys ck jkaokdj ms<sn| j w;s W;=ï º¸¸ jk mshqia Y=oafOda;a;u msh;=ud fufia
w¾: l:kh lrhs'
w;SkaøSh l%sia;= foayfha ysi jk fÊiqia l%sia;=ka jykafia;a
tys wjhj jk Y=oaO jQ iNdj;a foúhka jykafiag lrk
m%isoaO mQ¾K jkaokdj ckjkaokdj fõ'
w;SkaøSh l%sia;= foayh hkq Y=oaO jQ iNdj hs' tys ysi l%sia;=ka jykafia h' tys wjhj
jkafka m%ido iakdmkh ,nd Y=oaO jQ iNdfõ iudðlhka jQ ls;=kq wm h' ysi u.ska
YÍrfha ish¨ wjhj md,kh lrhs' tfia u Y=oaO jQ iNdfõ wjhj jQ wm tys ysi jk
fÊiqia l%sia;=ka jykafia úiska fufyhjkq ,nk fial' foúhka jykafiag m%ikak
f,iska Èú f.jñka wmf.a uq¿ Ôú;h u foaj jkaokdjla lr .ekSug fÊiqia
l%sia;=ka jykafia wmg wdrdOkd lrk fial'
fojk j;sldk uka;%K iNdfõ ck jkaokdj ms<sn| jHjia:dfõ wxl 07
ck jkaokdj ms<sn| j fun÷ ú.%yhla lrhs'
ck jkaokdj l%sia;=ka jykafiaf.a mQcl ld¾h bÈßhg
f.k hhs' l%sia;= foayh ^Y=oaO jQ iNdj& l%sia;=ka jykafia
;=<ska mshdKka jykafiag mqok mQ¾K m%isoaO jkaokdj
ck jkaokdj fõ'
fuu.ska wre;a .ekafjk uQ,sl lreKla jkafka wm ieu tluq;=j tlg tlaj
mqo lrk foaj jkaokd ms<sfj; foúhka jykafiag m%ikak m~qrla f,i mqo lrk
;eke;a;dfKda l%sia;=ka jykafia u nj h' tfuka u wms ieu Èk fÊiqia l%sia;=ka
jykafia l=reish hd.h u; ms¥ Ôú; mQcdjg foaj jkaokdfõ § iyNd.S jkafkuq'
tys È tl u YÍrhl ysi jk fÊiqia l%sia;=ka jykafia u.ska mshdKka jykafiag
wmf.a W;=ï kuialdrh;a jkaokdj;a mqo lr isákafkuq'
22
86
ckjkaokdj i|yd Ndú; jk bx.%sis jpk ,sg¾ð (LITURGY) h' th ,sgq¾ðhd
(LEITOURGIA) hk .%Sl jpkfhka ì¢ tkakls' th ,d´ia (LAOS) yd t¾f.dka
(ERGON) hk jpkj,ska ieÿï ,oaols'
,d´ia } ck;dj
t¾f.dka } fiajhls" jevls'
fï wkqj ck;dj fjkqfjka Tjqka Wfoid lrk fiajh —,sgq¾ðhd˜ hkqfjka uq,a
ld,fha § y÷kajk ,È' .%Sl iudcfha fuu jpkhg úúO w¾: l:k mej;=‚' ish
iajdñhdg jegqmla fkd,nd jy,a fiajlfhl= lrkd ld¾hhka i|yd o ish ñ;=frl=
fjkqfjka lrkakd jQ ohdfõ l%shdjka i|yd o iudcfha m%N+ wh úiska bgq lrkq
,nk rdcldßuh fiajdjka i|yd o fuu jpkh Ndú; flre‚'
ls;=kq wm o ohdj fiajdfõ § wka wh fjkqfjka lefvñka ìfoñka wmf.a uq¿
Ôú;h u ckjkaokdjla lr .ekSug wÈgka lr .; hq;= h' tneúka uu"
² ieu úg u foúhka jykafiag ia;+;s m%Yxid lrñ'
² mdif,a yd óifï iñ;s iud.ïj,g ne£ wirK jQjkag irK fjñ'
² wka whf.a ÿla fõokd yuqfõ ixfõ§ ù msysg fjñ'
² uf.a f,!lsl iemf;a § muKla fkdj wka whf.a iemf;a § o i;=gq fjñ'
² mdif,a wirK jQ yd fldka jQ ieug lreKdj olajñ'
² ud i;= foa wka wh yd fnod .ksñ'
² ckjkaokd lghq;= ixúOdkfha § iydh fjñ'
87
l%shdldrlu
1' ckjkaokd ms<sn| jHjia:dfõ wxl 07 wkqj —ckjkaokdj˜
ks¾jpkh lrkak'
2' w;s W;=ï º¸¸ jk mshqia Y=oafOda;a;u msh;=ud ckjkaokdj ms<sn|
t<s±lajQ úYaj f,aLkfha ku l=ula o@
3' —,sgq¾ðhd˜ hkak ieÈ we;s .%Sl jpk fol ,shkak'
4' Tn wka wh fjkqfjka lem ù lghq;= l< wjia:d ;=kla úia;r
lrkak'
Ôú;hg ì|la
wka wh fjkqfjka mß;Hd.S ù i;=gq jkak'
88
foaj jkaokdfõ m%Odk wx.
uq¿ úYajfha u uejqïldr foúhka jykafiag ls;=kq ck;dj tla /ia ù mqo fokq
,nk W;=ï u jkaokdj foaj jkaokdj ^ckjkaokdj& f,iska wms W.;af;uq' foaj
jkaokdfõ ^ck jkaokdfõ& m%Odk wx. ;=kls'
1' ÈjH mQcdj
2' foaj m%ido ksOdk
3' hdu heÿu
ÈjH mQcdj
foaj jkaokdfõ W;=ï u ms<sfj; ÈjH mQcd hd.h fõ' l%sia;=ka jykafiaf.a mdial=
wìryi mQ¾K f,i iurkq ,eîu fuys § isÿ fõ' ÈjH mQcd hd.hg iyNd.s jk
ie±yej;a ieu fokd u tu W;=ï wjia:djg mx.=ldr fõ'
ÈjH mQcdj"
1' foaj jdlH ms<sfj;
2' iaf;da;% hd.sl ms<sfj; hk m%Odk fldgia folska iukaú; h'
23'1 rEmh ¡ ÈjH mQcdj meje;afjk wjia:djla
m<uq foaj m%ldYh" ms<s;=re .Sh" fojk foaj m%ldYh" iqmqj;a ch ko ^idOqldrh&"
iqndrxÑ m%ldYh" foaj jpkh ;=< hym;a Èúhla .; lsÍug u. fmkajkq ,nk
23
89
O¾udkqYdikdj úYajdi ,laIKh yd úYajdilhskaf.a heÿïj,ska foaj jdlH
ms<sfj; iukaú; h'
iaf;da;% hd.sl ms<sfj;" iaf;da;% hd.sl heÿu" uyd idOqldrh" iajdñjdla wdrdOkdj
iduh me;Su" mQm leãu" ÈjH i;am%ido jykafia odkh lsÍu hk fldgiaj,ska
iukaú; h' fuu ieu ms<sfj;la u isÿ lsÍfï § Y=oaO jQ iNdj ms<s.;a i,l=Kq"
ixfla;" hdÉ[d yd j;ams<sfj;a Ndú; lrhs' fuu W;=ï foaj jkaokd ms<sfj;g
ieu breÈkl § u fuka u Kh ux.,Hh Èkl § yels wjia:djkays Èkm;d;a
w¾:dkaú; j yd f.!rjdkaú; j iyNd.S ùu ls;=kq wmf.a hq;=luls'
foaj m%ido ksOdk
23'2 rEmh ¡ ÈjH i;am%ido jykafia kue;s
m%ido ksOdkh odkh lsÍu
W;a:dk j jev isák foú iñ÷ka iïuqL ùu i|yd we;=<;ska wm fj; odkh
lrkq ,nk foaj jrm%ido ndysr jYfhka i,l=Kq jk wdldrfhka l%sia;=ka jykafia
úiska ia:dms; lr we;s ix{d ms<sfj;a foaj m%ido ksOdk fõ' ta wkqj foaj m%ido
ksOdk i;la we;' m%ido iakdmkh" ÈjH i;am%ido jykafia" wNsjDoaê wdf,amh" iu.s
ikaOdkfha foaj m%ido ksOdkh" frda.Skaf.a wdf,amh" mQcljrh yd wdYs¾jdoldr
nkaOkh tAjd h' fï ieu foaj m%ido ksOdkhla u l%sia;=ka jykafiaf.a mdial=
wNsryi ;=<ska .,d ths'
ndysr j fuka u wdOHd;añl j ksis iqodkulska ,nd .kakd fuu foaj m%ido
ksOdkj,ska foaj jrm%ido /ila wm fj; .,d tk w;r ls;=kq wmf.a Ôú; meje;aug
th uy;a wdYs¾jdohla o jkafka h'
90
hdu heÿu
23'3 rEmh ¡ hdu heÿfuys ksr;jk wjia:djla
Y=oaO jQ iNdfõ ks, heÿu f,i hdu heÿu yÿkajkq ,nhs' ojfia ksYaÑ; ld,j, §
^hduj, §& .S;dj,sfha .S;sld yd Y=oaO nhsn,Sh .S;sld weiqßka foaj ck;dj tla ù
foúhka jykafiag isÿ lrk m%Yxid;aul hdÉ[d ms<sfj;la f,i hdu heÿu b;d
ir, j yÿkajd Èh yelsh' ojfia ksYaÑ; hduj, § fuh isÿ flfrk fyhska —hdu
heÿu˜ f,i th y÷kajkq ,nhs' ^Wfoa" Èjd" iji yd rd;%s hk ld,hkays& Y=oaO jQ
iNdfõ fuu ks, heÿu ;=< mQcl" meúÈ yd .sys msßi m%ido iakdmkfhka ;uka ,o
mQcl j.lSï l%shdjg kxjhs'
ish¨ ld,h foúhka jykafiag whs;s h' tu ksid ieu hduhl § u foúhka
jykafiag m%Yxid lsÍu hdu heÿfï mrud¾:h hs'
mQcl yd meúÈ msßi Èkm;d hdu heÿu isÿ lrhs' .sys ie±yej;=ka foajia:dkfha
jd¾Isl ux.,Hhg fmrÈk meje;afjk ikaOHd hdu heÿu wjia:dfõ § óg tla fõ'
fuu foaj jkaokdfõ wx. ;%S;ajhg wm w¾:dkaú; j iyNd.s úh hq;= h' tfyhska
ÈjH mQcdj wdrïNfha isg u wjidkh olajd buy;a ne;sfhka fuka u w¾:dkaú;
j o thg iyNd.s úh hq;= h'
tfuka u ls;=kq wm kshñ; jhia iSudfõ § ksis iqodkulska yd mQ¾K wjfndaOhlska
hq;= j foaj m%ido ksOdk ,nd .ekSug Wkkaÿ úh hq;= h'
tmuKla fkdj úYajh ujd Æ foú mshdKka jykafiag hdu heÿfuka Èkm;d ;=;s
m%Yxid lsÍug o wm fhduq úh hq;= h' ffoksl j th tfia l< fkdyels jQj;a
óifï ikaOHd fufyh mj;ajk wjia:dfõ § mQ¾K jYfhka yd w¾:dkaú; j
iyNd.S ùfuka ie|E hdu heÿug wmg tldnoaO úh yels h'
91
fuf,i foaj jkaokdfõ m%Odk wx. fj; keUqre fjñka wmf.a m%Yxidj yd
jkaokdj iajdóka jykafiag mqo lrkakg wms ksr;=rej u lemfjuq'
l%shdldrlu
1' foaj jkaokdfõ m%Odk wx. lShla ;sfí o@
2' ÈjH mQcdfõ m%Odk fldgia fol kï lrkak'
3' foaj jkaokd m%Odk wx. kï lr tA tla tla wx. fláfhka
úia;r lrkak'
4' foaj jkaokd wx. i|yd w¾:dkaú; j Tng odhl úh yels
wdldr myla ,shkak'
Ôú;hg ì|la
ksis jhfia § foaj m%ido ksOdk ,nd
.ekSug Wkkaÿ jkak'
92
ÈjH mQcdj
mqk .ehqu( foú÷ mqog mqoiqk fj; kÕñ fomd m%S;s fjñka
iñ÷ jrï ,en .kakg fokake wdisß
1' wfmhs lshd iqrlsk lsis fohla we;af;a kE
uf.a fyd| ys; Tng fokak uu meñfKkjd
2' uqo,a yo,a j;=msá oE lsisue fohla kE
tA lsisjla iñf|a Tng wejeis lfula kE
3' mjq,la f,i ud wo Èk mqoiqk yuqfõ
je| jeá,d f.kd m~qre Tng mqokjd
¸' fuu .S;sldj .dhkd lrkafka l=uk wjia:dfõ o@
¸¸' fuu .S;sldfjka werhqï lrkafka l=ulg o@
¸¸¸' tu werhqug Tn olajk m%;spdrh l=ula o@
ls;=kq Ôú;fha flakaøh ÈjH mQcdj h' fÊiqia l%sia;=ka jykafia l,ajdßfha § l=reish
u; foúhka jykafiag mqo l< hd.h ÈjH mQcdj ;=< il%fïka;= wdldrhg wms
iqmßiaurKh ^isys& lrkafkuq' tneúka fuu W;=ï wjia:djg iyNd.S ù l=reisfha
hd.hg wms o mx.=ldrhka jkafkuq' tu.ska foúhka jykafia yd wm w;r in|;dj
f.dvkef.hs'
ÈjH mQcdj ms<sfj;a lsysmhlska iukaú; h' tA ms<sn| ukd wjfndaOhlska isàfuka
thg w¾:dkaú; j iyNd.s úh yels h' tu ksid tu ms<sfj;a ms<sn| j fuu mdvfï
§ wms wOHhkh lruq'
ÈjH mQcdfõ ms<sfj;a
1' wdrïNl ms<sfj; ^tla/iaùfï ms<sfj;&
2' foaj jdlH ms<sfj;
3' mqoiqk iqodkï lsÍfï ms<sfj;
4' iaf;da;% hd.sl ms<sfj;
5' O¾u ¥; ld¾h i|yd msg;a lr heùfï ms<sfj;
24
93
1' wdrïNl ms<sfj; ^tla/iaùfï ms<sfj;&
24'1 rEmh ¡ wdrïNl ms<sfj;
we;=¿ ùfï .S;sldfjka wdrïN jk
fuu ms<sfj; wkqfldgia lsysmhlska
iukaú; h'
1' we;=¿ ùfï .S;sldj yd fmryer
2' wdpdrh
3' ye¢kaùu
4'mYap;a;dms; ms<sfj;
5' iajdókS lreKd l< uekj
6' iqr¥; .Sh
7' fmdÿ heÿu
2' foaj jdlH ms<sfj;
1' m<uq jk foaj m%ldYh
2' ms<s;=re .Sh
3' fojk foaj m%ldYh
4' iqmqj;a ch ko ^idOqldrh&
5' iqndrxÑ m%ldYh
6' O¾udkqYdikdj
7' úYajdi ,laIKh
8' úYajdilhskaf.a heÿï
24'2 rEmh ¡ foaj jdlHh lshjhs
94
3' mqoiqk iqodkï lsÍfï ms<sfj;
m~qre fmryer iu.ska fuu ms<sfj;
wdrïN fõ'
1' m~qre fmryer yd mqoiqk iQodkï
lsÍu
2' m~qre u; heÿu
24'3 rEmh ¡ m~qre fmryer
4' iaf;da;% hd.sl ms<sfj;
1' iaf;da;% hd.sl heÿu yd uyd
idOqldrh
2' iajdñjdla wdrdOkdj" iduh
me;Su yd mQm leãu
3' ÈjH i;am%ido jykafia odkh
lsÍu
4' fndÿfkka miq heÿu
24'4 rEmh ¡ ÈjH i;am%ido jykafia odkh lsßu
5' O¾u¥; ld¾h i|yd msg;a lr heùfï ms<sfj;
we;=<dka; is;a fidaÈishlska hq;= j
foaj jpkhg ijka ÿka wms fÊiqia
l%sia;=ka jykafiaf.a Y%S YÍrfhka yd
Y%S reêrfhka fmdaIKh jkafkuq'
bka wk;=rej foaj jpkh wkqj Ôú;
fjkilg ,lafjñka fÊiqia l%sia;=ka
jykafia wm Ôj;a jk iudchg
/f.k hdfï O¾u¥; ld¾h i|yd
msg;alr heùu fuys § isÿ fõ' tA wkqj
fÊiqia jykafia jÞ< jpkh wkqj
Ôj;a fjñka Ôú;do¾Yfhka fÊiqia
jykafia f,dalfha Ôjudk lsÍfï
Ndr¥r j.lSu wmg mejfrhs'
24'5 rEmh ¡ O¾u¥; ld¾h i|yd msg;alr heùu
95
l%shdldrlu
1' ÈjH mQcdfõ m%Odk ms<sfj;a my kï lrkak'
2' my; wkqfldgia ÈjH mQcdfõ l=uk ms<sfj;aj,g wh;a jkafka ±hs
fjk fjk u i|yka lrkak'
¸' wjidk wdYS¾jdoh
¸¸' m~qre u; heÿu
¸¸¸' úYajdi ,laIKh
¸¹ iqr¥; .Sh
¹ iaf;da;% hd.sl heÿu
3' ÈjH mQcd fufyhg w¾:dkaú; j iyNd.S ùu i|yd Tng l< yels
ld¾h ;=kla olajkak'
4' ,nk bre Èk ÈjH mQcdfõ foaj jdlH mdG óiï fiajl msh;=udf.ka
úuid" tAjd Y=oaO nhsn,fhka lshjd my; lreKq we;=<;a fmd;a msxpla
ilia lrkak'
¸' ÈjH mQcdj ye¢kaùu ¸¸' ÈjH mQcdfõ úYajdilhkaf.a hdÉ[d
¸¸¸' ÈjH mQcdfõ .ehSu i|yd .S;sld
Ôú;hg ì|la
foõ jokska yd isß isrefrka fmdaIKh ù
Ôú;do¾Yfhka l%sia;=ka jykafia f,djg m%ldY
lrkak'
96
fjk;a foaj jkaokd;aul l%shd
täuka ( msh;=uks" l%siafgdam¾g fmdä m%Yakhla ;sfhkjd¨ Tn;=udf.ka wykak'
msh;=ud ( fudlla o l%siafgdam¾@
l%siafgdam¾ ( msh;=uks" Bfha wfma wdÉÑ wïud jkaokdfõ .syska f.or wdjd' tA tk-
fldg ug fndr,slalula odmq ud,hla f.k;a ÿkakd' uu tAl lf¾
od.kak yok fldg u yd ''''' yd ''''' mqf;a ''''' fnkaidre fkdlr udf,a
lf¾ odkak tmd lsõjd' t;fldg wïud lsõjd" wdÉÑ wïud ÿkak
foaj uE‚hkaf.a iqreju;a" udf,a;a bßog fnkaidre lr.ksuq lsh,d'
msh;=uks" wehs wms tfyu lrkafka@
msh;=ud mqf;a" fndr,slalï" wd.ñl m,okd" iqrejï jf.a ;j;a f.dvdla foaj,a
wms fnkaidre lr,d tfyu ke;akï wdYS¾jdo lr,d ;uhs Ndú;hg
.kafka' tA yeu fohla u Y=oaO jQ iNdfõ fjk;a foaj jkaokd;aul
ms<sfj;aj,g iïnkaO hs'
l%siafgdam¾ ( msh;=uks" —fjk;a foaj jkaokd;aul fufyhka˜ lshkafka fudkjg
o@
msh;=ud ( fyd|hs" uu Thd,g fyg oyï mdif,a § fï .ek lsh,d fokakï'
ls;=kq Ôú;fha M, fk,d .kakg;a Ôú;fha úúO wjia:d Y=oaOj;a lsÍug;a fjk;a
foaj jkaokd;aul fufyhka WmldÍ fõ' mqoa.,hka" wd.ñl NdKav wdydr yd ia:dk
wdYS¾jdo lsÍu" molalï me,|ùu" Y=oaO jQ Od;=j,g .re lsÍu hkdÈh óg wh;a h'
tu l%shdj, úfYaI ,laIK
² rdc.=rem%id§jreka" mQcdm%id§jreka fyda f;ajdpd¾hjreka úiska ks, jYfhka
fuh l%shdjg kxjhs'
² we;eï wjia:djkays .syshka o fuys uQ,sl;ajh .kq ,nhs'
² we;eï wdYS¾jdo È.= ld,Skj jeo.;a fõ' ̂ ksoiqka ( mqoa.,hka lem lsÍu" wd.ñl
NdKav yd m,okd ck jkaokd lghq;= i|yd fjka lrñka wdYS¾jdo lsÍu&
25
97
² fuu wdYS¾jdo lsÍïj, § w;a ;eîu" Y=oaO jQ l=reih i,l=Kq lsÍu" wdYS¾jdÈ;
meka biSu hkdÈ i,l=Kq lrñka wdYS¾jdo lsÍu yd thg iïnkaO ks, hdÉ[d
Ndú; lrhs'
² wdOHd;añl m%;sM, odkh lrkq ,eîu
^l'i'O 1667¡1690&
l%sia;shdks Ôú;h fmdaIKh lrñka ;u foaYhg" ixialD;shg .e<fmk wdldrfhka
fuu ms<sfj;a mj;ajd f.k hkq ,nhs' tfia mj;ajd f.k hkq ,nk j;ams<sfj;a
lsysmhls'
wdYS¾jdo lsÍu
² mqoa.,hka yd wd.ñl NdKav wdYS¾jdo lsÍu fuys § isÿfõ'
² wjux.,H ms<sfj;a
wjux.,H fufyhg iyNd.s jk ix>fha tluq;= iyNd.s;ajh uÕska yd tu
ix>hg wkka; Ôú;h ms<sn| j m%ldY lsÍu uÕska" ñh.sh ;eke;a;d;a iu.
id¾:l iïnkaO;djla m%ldY lsÍu" iNdfõ O¾u fiajdj wruqK lrhs'
Y=oaO jQ Od;=j,g .re lsÍu
ls;=kq Ôú;fha wdOHd;añl;ajh fmkajk wjia:d f,i fuh ±laúh yels h'
molalï me,|ùu
molalï me,|ùu ls;=kq Ôú;h yd ne£ mj;sk úYajdifha l%shdj,shls'
fuys§ molalï me<|ùu ú,dis;djla lr fkd.; hq;= h'
m%ido iakdmkh kï il%fïka;=j ,nd .ksñka ls;=kq Ôú;hg m%fõY jQ wm
ieuf.a úYajdih ;j ÿrg;a Yla;su;a lsÍug fuu l%shd bjy,a fõ' tfuka u fuu
j;ams<sfj;a wdY%s; j isÿ lrkq ,nk ieu wdYS¾jdohlska u foúhka jykafiag
m%Yxid lsÍu yd Wkajykafiaf.a jrm%ido m%d¾:kd lsÍu isÿ fõ'
foúhka jykafia o l%sia;=ka jykafia ;=<ska ls;=kq wmg ieu wdldrhl u wdYS¾jdo
nyq, j odkh lrk fial' tneúka ls;=kq wm fuu ms<sfj;aj,g úYajdifhka yd
ne;sfhka iyNd.S ùug;a tAjd mj;ajd f.k hdug;a is;ays ;nd .; hq;= h'
98
l%shdldrlu
1' fjk;a foaj jkaokd;aul l%shdj, olakg ,efnk ,laIK
;=kla ,shkak'
2' tu l%shd ;=kla kï lrkak'
3' —ls;=kq Ôú;h Yla;su;a lsÍug bjy,a jk fjk;a foaj
jkaokd;aul fufyh˜ hk ud;Dldj hgf;a ì;a;s
mqj;am;lg ,smshla ilia lrkak'
Ôú;hg ì|la
Y=oaO jQ jia;=kag .re lsÍug fhduq jkak'
1'1" 8'1" 9'1" 10'1" 10'2" 10'3" 10'4" 11'1" 12'1" 12'3" 14'2" 19'1" hk rEm igyka
wka;¾cd,h weiqfrks'