Liberty, not communism, is the most contagious force in the world. – Earl Warren

DemocratizationBy Tauqir Abdullah

Democratic Regime

• Definition: A set of institutions that allow the citizens to choose the makers of public policy in free, competitive elections.

• Procedural Democracy: Follow minimum requirements.

• Substantive Democracy: Political Rights and Civil Liberties

Procedural Democracy

• Meets the requirements of a Democracy• Guarded Democracy / Illiberal Democracy• Electoral Authoritarianism

Substantive Democracy

•Freedom• True Democracy• Impossible

Democratization

• Transformation from nondemocratic regime to procedural democracy to substantive democracy.

• Three “Waves” of Democracy

First wave1820s-1926

29 democracies in the world

Reverse Wave1942 only 12 democracies

Second WaveAlly win in WWII

By 1962 : 36 Democratic Countries

Second “reverse wave” due to economic problems

30 democracies

Third WaveLate 1970s

Europe, Latin America, Asia and Africa

190 procedural democracies

Why Democratization does or doesn’t occur

Occurs• Loss of Legitimacy• Middle Class• Human Rights• “Snowball” effect

Doesn’t Occur• Cultural clash• Economy• Reverse “Snowball”

effect

Preconditions of Democratization

• Level of Economic Development– Modernization

• Movement to cities• Technology• Education• Etc.

• International Environment of Democracy– Prohibit/impose– Prestige– Incentives

Outcome of Democratizations

• Democratic Consolidation• Or Others

Sources• http://apcentral.collegeboard.com/apc/public/repository/ap05_comp_go

vpol_demo_42252.pdf• http://www.rickweil.com/s4421/Readings/Huntington.pdf• http://www.un.org/en/events/democracyday/pdf/An_agenda_for_democratization[1].pdf• http://

www-cshs.stjohns.k12.fl.us/teachers/keefet/Downloads/FOV1-00050122/AP%20Comparative%20Study%20Guide.pdf

• http://www.ushistory.org/gov/1c.asp• http://www.britannica.com/EBchecked/topic/157304/democratization• http://www.journalofdemocracy.org/sites/default/files/Stepan-24-2.pdf• http://www.nytimes.com/ref/college/coll-china-politics-006.html• http://www.foreignaffairs.com/articles/64462/eva-bellin/democratization-and-its-discontents• http://www.freedomhouse.org/report-types/freedom-world• http://www.theatlantic.com/technology/archive/2012/07/can-technology-make-democracy-better/25949

5/• http://anitaborg.org/news/archive/democracy/• http://www.counterpunch.org/2011/02/04/democracy-capitalism-and-technology/• http://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/election-2010/7457965/General-Election-2010-The-history-of-British-d

emocracy.html