Libro_Blanco_de_la_Prospectiva_de_las_Tecnologías_de_la_Información_y_la_Comunicación-Proyecto_2.020-Parte_3

8/3/2019 Libro_Blanco_de_la_Prospectiva_de_las_Tecnologías_de_la_Información_y_la_Comunicación-Proyecto_2.020-Parte_3

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hefedé`{ aà{nk`{& mj `sfnk`knûh& }q`h{rjq{`fj{< sqekq`hme djhjq`q mnqjk}qnkj{ qj{f}`me{ j{}q`}îdnke{ s`q` eq}`fjkjq jf mj{`qqeffe jf kqjkninjh}e }jkhefûdnkejkehûinke {ekn`f(

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Jf Inhn{}jqne mj Knjhkn`& ]jkhefed` j Nhher`knûh Sqemk}nr`& seq nh}jqijmne mj [jkqj}`q` mj Sf`hjìnjh}e ~ Sef}nk`{& qj`fnû jf ‖Fnaqe Af`hke mj f` Sqe{sjk}nr` mj f`]jkhefed`{ mj f` Nheqi`knûh ~ f` Keihnk`knûh? Sqe~jk}e 1313’(

J{ niseq}`h}j mj{}`k`q pj jf Inhn{}jqne mj Knjhkn`& ]jkhefed` j Nhher`knûh Sqemk}nr` j{}àfjkj sef}nk`{ ~ keeqmnh` `kknehj{ eqnjh}`m`{ ` eq}`fjkjq f` k`s`knm`m mj Qjsÿafnk` @qdjh}nh` s`q` m`q qj{sj{}` ` sqeafji`{ {jk}eqn`fj{ ~ {ekn`fj{ sqneqn}`qne

`{ keie keh}qnanq ` nhkqjijh}`q f` keisj}n}nrnm`m mjf {jk}eq sqemk}nre& {eaqj f` a`{mjf mj{`qqeffe mj h hjre s`}qûh mj sqemkknûh a`{`me jh anjhj{ ~ {jqrnkne{ keh i`~emjh{nm`m }jkhefûdnk`(

Mj{mj j{}j i`qke {j keheqiû jf ‖Fnaqe Af`hke mj f` Sqe{sjk}nr` mj f`{ ]jkhefed`mj f` Nheqi`knûh ~ f` Keihnk`knûh? Sqe~jk}e 1313’( Sqjkn{ìjh}j& j{}j mekijh}e ekn`f {j safnk` s`q` jwsehjq fe{ sqnhkns`fj{ fnhjìnjh}e{ mj h` sf`hnk`knûh ~ sqesehjfhj`{ mj `kknûh jh h }ji` rn}`f s`q` jf mj{`qqeffe ~ jf kqjkninjh}e mj f` h`knûh(

@ mnjqjhkn` mj e}q`{ safnk`knehj{ dajqhìjh}`fj{& pj {j keh{}n}~jh j{jhknìjh}j keie nheqij{ mj keh{f}`& jf ‖Fnaqe Af`hke’ {j keiseq}` }ìanîh keie h mn`dhû{}nke ~ h `hàfn{n{ }jià}nke jw}qèqmnh`qne pj mj{kqnaj jf j{}`me mj {n}`knûh ~ sf`h}jmnqjk}qnkj{ s`q` `fk`h`q qj{f}`me{ e s`q` djhjq`q sef}nk`{ sÿafnk`{ }q`{(

Bhmìjh}`fijh}j& {j keheqi` keie h }jw}e sqjkn{e& keh}hmjh}j j nhmn{sjh{àpj sjqin}j }ei`q mjkn{nehj{ ` ijmn`he ~ f`qde sfè& ` s`q}nq mj h `hàfn{n{ sqe{sjk}re(

F` }e}`fnm`m mj j{}` eaq` j{}à keisj{}` seq jf sqûfede& f` nh}qemkknûh ~ ekge k`s}fe{& pj {j mj}`ff`h ` keh}nh`knûh? jf qj{ijh jojk}nre& jf iî}eme sqe{sjk}nre& f`}jhmjhkn`{ djhjq`fj{& f`{ àqj`{ mj `sfnk`knûh& f`{ }jkhefed`{& f`{ àqj`{ }q`h{rjq{`fj

f`{ qjkeijhm`knehj{ mj `kknûh ~ f`{ kehkf{nehj{( Jh jf h`f mj j{}j }qàòe {j qj{`f}`fe{ `hjwe{(

Mjanme ` }eme fe i`hnj{}`me {j keh{nmjqû j{jhkn`f mnhmnq jf mekijh}e keisfj}e&}jhnjhme jh kjh}` { jw}jh{nûh j{}j }jw}e {j safnk` h}jdqìjh}j jh }qj{ s`q}j{< keh{}n}~jhme j{}` jmnknûh f` ÿf}ni` jh}qjd` mj f`{ s`q}j{(

F` sqnijq` s`q}j mj j{}j ‖Fnaqe Af`hke’ pj {j sqj{jh}û jh f` jmnknûh H³ 2> mjf [sfjijh}e @k}e{ mj Deanjqhe '0.& à`qkû jf sqûfede& f` nh}qemkknûh& jf qj{ijh jojk}nrejf iî}eme sqe{sjk}nre& f`{ }jhmjhkn`{ djhjq`fj{ ~ f`{ àqj`{ mj `sfnk`knûh(

Fjde mj mj{`qqeff`q sqehmìjh}j jf sqûfede& f` nh}qemkknûh ~ jf qj{ijh jojk}nre< jf iî}eme sqe{sjk}nre {j qjqnû ` fe{ eaoj}nre{ ~ ` f` j{}qk}q` mjf sqedqì@{nin{ie& jf k`s}fe {eaqj f`{ }jhmjhkn`{ djhjq`fj{ {j jws{e {eaqj f` a`{j mj knhkkj{}nehj{? f` nh}qemkknûh& f` sjq{sjk}nr` mj f` sqe{sjk}nr`& g`kn` mûhmj r` jf ihmeF`}nheìîqnk` ~ f` Qjsÿafnk` @qdjh}nh`& jh i`}jqn` mj f`{ ]jkhefed`{ mj f` Nheqi`knû~ f` Keihnk`knûh ']NK.(

Jh qjf`knûh ` f`{ àqj`{ mj `sfnk`knûh {j jisj`qeh ` sf`h}j`q knhke }ji`{ niseq}`h}j{? f`{ ]NK jh f` nhm{}qn`& jf @dqe]NK& fe{ {jqrnkne{ N] '1.& fe{ keh}jhnme{ mndn}`fj{ ~ f` {jdqnm`m( @f qj{sjk}e& j{ niseq}`h}j qjkeqm`q pj }jhnjhme sqj{jh}j f` fnin}`knûh j{s`kn

'0. Safnk`me jf = mj jhjqe s`{`me('1. 'N]. ]jkhefed` mj f` Nheqi`knûh(



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mjf [sfjijh}e @k}e{ mj Deanjqhe {ûfe {j jwsfnkû }eme fe kehkjqhnjh}j ` f`{ ]NK jh f`nhm{}qn`( Jf qj{}e mj fe{ keh}jhnme{ {j mnhmnjqeh jh f` {jdhm` s`q}j mj f` he}`(

Jh j{}j keh}jw}e {j safnkû f` {jdhm` s`q}j mjf ‖Fnaqe Af`hke’ jh jf [sfjijh}e@k}e{ mj Deanjqhe H³ 43 ';. pj keh}nhû mj{kqnanjhme jf k`s}fe qjf`kneh`me keh f`{àqj`{ mj `sfnk`knûh mj f`{ ]NK? jf @dqe]NK& fe{ {jqrnkne{ N]& fe{ keh}jhnme{ mndn}`fj{ ~ f`{jdqnm`m(

@mjià{& {j nhkf~û jf k`s}fe qjjqjh}j ` f`{ }jkhefed`{& pj `h`fnû k`}qe `{h}e{}q`{kjhmjh}`fj{? f` nhdjhnjq` mj {e}t`qj& f`{ {jð`fj{& f` }jkhefed` mj niàdjhj{ ~ jf{e}t`qj jiajanme(

F` }jqkjq` ~ ÿf}ni` s`q}j mjf ‖Fnaqe Af`hke mj f` Sqe{sjk}nr` mj f`{ ]jkhefed`{ mj f`Nheqi`knûh ~ f` Keihnk`knûh? Sqe~jk}e 1313’ {j safnk` jh j{}` hjr` sqj{jh}`knûhmjf [sfjijh}e @k}e{ mj Deanjqhe( ^ keisqjhmjqà jf ÿf}nie }ji mj f`{ }jkhefed`{? fìnkqe ~ f` h`hejfjk}qûhnk` '=.( Se{}jqneqijh}j& ` j{}j mj{`qqeffe& {j j{}mn`qàh fe{ k`s})fe{ h`fj{? f`{ àqj`{ }q`h{rjq{`fj{ 'jmk`knûh ~ k`sn}`f gi`he& nhher`knûh& ~ mnà{seq`.&f`{ qjkeijhm`knehj{ mj `kknûh 'f`{ ]NK jh f` nhm{}qn`& jf @dqe]NK& fe{ {jqrnkne{ N]& fe{keh}jhnme{ mndn}`fj{& f` {jdqnm`m& f` nhdjhnjq` mj {e}t`qj& f`{ {jð`fj{& f`{ niàdjhj{&jf {e}t`qj jiajanme& f` inkqe ~ h`hejfjk}qûhnk`& f` jmk`knûh ~ jf k`sn}`f gi`he& f`nhher`knûh& ~ f` mnà{seq`.& ~ f`{ kehkf{nehj{(

J{}j i`dhke }qàòe dajqhìjh}`f )mj k`q`k}jq{}nk`{ nh}jqmn{knsfnh`qn`{) {eaqj hàqj` j{}q`}îdnk` mj f` knjhkn` ~ f` }jkhefed`& keie {eh f`{ ]NK& kfinh`qà keh f` mn{nûhmj }qj{ `hjwe{? `. jGj`f}g ? h kìane mj s`q`mndi` hjkj{`qne& a. jmk`knûh ~ `sqjhmn)òj? `sqjhmjq jh f` {eknjm`m mjf kehekninjh}e& ~ k. deanjqhe jfjk}qûhnke(

Bnh`fijh}j& {j qj{`f}` pj }jhnjhme sqj{jh}j f` eqd`hn`knûh mjf }jw}e j{ hjkj{`qnekeh}nh`q keh jf {n{}ji` mj jhijq`knûh qei`he nhnkn`me jh f` sqnijq` s`q}j mj j{}`he}`(

R( J( Inkqe H`hejfjk}qûhnk` ':.

Aqjrj mj{kqnsknûh

F` nmj` mj jhk`s{f`q knqkn}e{ jfjk}qûhnke{ jh h {ûfe mn{se{n}nre {qdj ` sqnhknsne{mj f` mîk`m` mj 0>:3 keie qj{f}`me mj f` `sfnk`knûh mjf }q`h{n{}eq '0>=7.( Jf kehkjs}e{j }q`h{eqi` jh sqemk}e mj{}nh`me `f sÿafnke jh djhjq`f qjknîh jh fe{ `ðe{ {j}jh}`&k`hme fe{ sqedqj{e{ jh f` }jkhefed` mj {jinkehmk}eqj{ sjqin}jh jf mj{`qqeffe mjfknqkn}e nh}jdq`me(

Qàsnmìjh}j f` nhm{}qn` `mes}` j{}` hjr` }jkhefed`& ~ ` { rj j{}` g`kj se{nafjf` jrefknûh ~ kqj`knûh mj e}q`{? keihnk`knehj{& {`}îfn}j{& keis}`knûh iûrnf& }jfjeh`&{jdqnm`m& mndn}`fn`knûh mj f` nheqi`knûh jh mnrjq{`{ àqj`{ keie `mne ~ rnmje seq kn}`qf`{ ià{ mnhmnm`{( Ijheqj{ ke{}e{& i`~eqj{ sqj{}`knehj{& i`~eq qea{}j ~ kehànfn)m`m& qjmkknûh mj }ì`ðe ~ keh{ie {eh {ûfe `fdhe{ mj fe{ ajhjkne{ mnqjk}e{ mj f``sfnk`knûh mj f` inkqejfjk}qûhnk` jh f` nhm{}qn` mj keh{ie(

]eme{ jffe{& {n anjh niseq}`h}j{& he sjmjh keis`q`q{j keh jf jw}qèqmnh`qne ìjh)}e jh f`{ sqj{}`knehj{ ~ jh keisfjonm`m mj fe{ mn{jðe{ jfjk}qûhnke{ keh h ke{}e i`qdnh`fsqàk}nkìjh}j hfe( J{}` j{ h` mj f`{ qèhj{ hmìjh}`fj{ pj g`kjh pj f` inkqe)jfjk}qûhnk` {j keh{}n}~` jh he mj fe{ i`~eqj{ `k}eqj{ nisf{eqj{ mj fe{ sqekj{e{ mjnhher`knûh(

@ s`q}nq mj h`fj{ mj fe{ `ðe{ >3& f` }jkhefed` mj knqkn}e{ nh}jdq`me{ keinjh` ` nh)

kq{neh`q jh }ì`ðe{ mj k`h`f mj }q`h{n{}eqj{& seq mjaòe mj fe{ 033 h`hûij}qe{ 'hi.(

@k}`fijh}j& {j jhkjh}q`h jh sqemkknûh keijqkn`f sqekj{e{ mj =:hi( Jf N]Q['Nh}jqh`kneh`f ]jkghefed~ Qe`mi`s eq [jinkehmk}eq{. safnk` sjqnûmnkìjh}j ‖qe`m)i`s{’& pj mjhjh f`{ ij}`{ ` `fk`h`q ` }qe& j{sjknk`h fe{ {ndnjh}j{ `r`hkj{ s`q`f` mîk`m` {ndnjh}j 'rjq ]àf` @.(

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jh jf keq}e sfè

@ðe mj Sqemzkknûh 133: 1332 1334 1334 1337 133> 1303 1300 1301

]ì`ðe bé{nke mj ;1 17 1: 1; 13 07 02 0= 0;

keiszjq}` 'hi.

Jf mj{`qqeffe mj sqemk}e{ mj inkqejfjk}qûhnk` nhrefkq` djhjq`fijh}j r`qn`{ j}`s`{jh f`{ pj jf hnrjf mj r`feq `dqjd`me mn{inh~j ` fe f`qde mjf sqekj{e }e}`f 'N,M r{( i`)h`k}q`.(

Fe{ dq`hmj{ j{fàehj{ mjf sqekj{e {eh?

Mn{jðe mj knqkn}e{( Sqemk}e mj `f}e r`feq `dqjd`me qj{f}`h}j mj f` `sfnk`knûh‡

mj kehekninjh}e{ ~ jwsjqnjhkn` mjf mn{jð`meq(

Gjqqìnjh}`{ mj [e}t`qj mj mn{jðe 'K@M.& rjqnk`knûh ~ {nif`knûh(‡

Bàqnk`knûh mj sqe}e}nse{ ~ jh{`~e(‡

';. Safnk`me jf 00 mj jhjqe s`{`me('=. F`{ }jkhefed`{ jqeh jwsfnk`m`{ jh jf [sfjijh}e @k}e{ mj Deanjqhe H³ 43 'safnk`me jf

00 mj jhjqe s`{`me.( F` inkqe ~ h`hejfjk}qûhnk`& nh}jdq`h}j mjf k`s}fe ‖]jkhefed`{’& mjanme `h` fnin}`knûh j{s`kn`f he sme {jq mnhmnm` jh jf hÿijqe `h}jqneq& he ea{}`h}j& nhnkn` j{}` ÿf}ni`jh}qjd` mjf ‖Fnaqe Af`hke mj f` Sqe{sjk}nr` mj f`{ ]jkhefed`{ mj f` Nheqi`knûh ~ f` Keihnk`knûh ?Sqe~jk}e 1313’(

':. Sjq{eh`{ nhrefkq`m`{ jh f` kehjkknûh mj j{}j mekijh}e? Sjmqe Ofnàh 'ZH[.& SàfeI`hmefj{n 'ZH[.& @fjo`hmqe Efnr` 'ZH[.& O`rnjq Eqeke 'ZH[.& E{r`fme @dìjhhehn 'ZH[.& Fn{]efjme 'ZKK.& Sàfe Sj}q`{gnh 'ZKK.& T`f}jq F`hknehn 'ZKK.& I`hjf Dqjke 'WEF[@.& @fajq}e@hj{nhn 'NH]N.& M`hnjf Fsn 'NH]N.& I`wninfn`he Bn{kgjq 'KHJ@. ~ Djq`qme Iehqj`f '@ffjdqe Inkqe){n{}ji`{ [(@(.(

Bàqnk`knûh mj kgns{ keh sqja` jh fhj`(‡

Jhk`s{f`me ~ sqja` h`f mj nh}jdq`me{(‡

Nh}jdq`knûh mj kgns{& jfjk}qûhnk` ~ {e}t`qj jh {n{}ji`{ 'seq jojisfe? }jfîehe‡

kjff`qj{& SM@.(

Beke{ }jkhefûdnke{ keq}e%ijmn`he sfè '6 03 `ðe{.

Mj{`qqeffe mj f` nhm{}qn` mj sqesnjm`m nh}jfjk}`f jh mn{jðe mj knqkn}e{ nh}jdq`‡

me{ 'inkqejfjk}qûhnk` ~ h`hejfjk}qûhnk`.(

Mj{`qqeffe mj {e}t`qj `{ekn`me s`q` mn{jðe ~ rjqnk`knûh 'JM@)K@M.(‡

Mj{`qqeffe mj f` nhm{}qn` mj {jqrnkne mj mn{jðe(‡

Ijoeq`{ jh f` keisj}n}nrnm`m mj f` nhm{}qn` jfjk}qûhnk` h`kneh`f‡

Beke{ }jkhefûdnke{ f`qde sfè '8 03 `ðe{.

Mj{`qqeffe mj f` nhm{}qn` mj r`feq `dqjd`me a`{`m` jh se{}sqekj{ìnjh}e m‡

knqkn}e{ nh}jdq`me{ 'mehmj jf inkqekgns {j mn{jð` fek`fijh}j& {j jhk`qd` ` àaqnk`{ jq` mjf s`{& ~ {j `sfnk`h s`{e{ mj sqekj{ìnjh}e se{}jqneq jh jf s`{s`q` { nh}jdq`knûh gaqnm` keh?

) J{}qk}q`{ IJI[(

) H`he}ae{ ~ h`hes`q}kf`{(

) Inkqebmnk`(

) @kkneh`meqj{ mj QB ~ mj se}jhkn`< s`q` `sfnk`knehj{ jh?

/ Aneijmnknh`(

/ Iehn}eqje ìanjh}`f(

/ @dqnkf}q` ~ d`h`mjq`

/ Jhjqd`(

Mj{`qqeffe mj Jfjk}qûhnk` he)kehrjhkneh`f 'seq jojisfe& sfà{}nk`.(‡

Mj{`qqeffe mj f` k`mjh` mj r`feq keisfj}`& mn{jðe ~ àqnk`knûh mj knqkn}e‡

nh}jdq`me{(

Ijqk`me Fek`f

Zh qjknjh}j j{}mne jhk`qd`me seq jf Nh{}n} }e H`kneh`f mj ]jkhefed` Nhm{}qn`f 'NH]mjheinh`me ‖J{}mne {eaqj f` Nhm{}qn` Jfjk}qûhnk` @qdjh}nh`’& ` }q`rî{ mjf Sqe~jk}e mKeesjq`knûh Nh}jqh`kneh`f ‖Ijoeq` mj f` Jknjhkn` ~ mj f` Keisj}n}nrnm`m mj f` Jkehei@qdjh}nh`’ jhkj{}û =7= jisqj{`{& mj f`{ k`fj{ ;7= jqeh jisqj{`{ ejqjh}j{ ~ 03jisqj{`{ mji`hm`h}j{ mjf {jk}eq jfjk}qûhnke( J{}j j{}mne {j jhi`qk` `mjià{ mjh}qmj f`{ `k}nrnm`mj{ sqeiernm`{ seq jf sqe~jk}e mj @qj`{ J{}q`}îdnk`{ 'S@J. jh Inkqejfjk}qûhnk` mjf Inhn{}jqne mj Knjhkn`& ]jkhefed` j Nhher`knûh Sqemk}nr`(

Jf j{}mne j qj`fn`me seq Ijqk`me{ Geqneh}`fj{ û @qj`{ ]jkhefûdnk`{& keisqjmnjhme? ]jfjkeihnk`knehj{& Nheqià}nk`& Keh}qef @}eià}nke& Nh{}qijh}`f ~ e}qe{ jpse{& Jfjk}qûhnk` mj jh}qj}jhninjh}e ~ Keh{ie& Keisehjh}j{ ~ I`}jqn`fj{ j Nhdjhnjqmj Nh}jdq`knûh( [j keh{}`}û f` jwn{}jhkn` mj 4>4 jisqj{`{ mjf {jk}eq jfjk}qûhnke& peks`h jh sqeijmne 1: jisfj`me{ seq jisqj{` ‛qjsqj{jh}`hme 13(333 sjq{eh`{ jisfj`m`{ jh jf kehoh}e‛ keh h` `k}q`knûh sqeijmne mjf eqmjh mj -0&: inffehj{ seq jisqj{`& ~ h` `k}q`knûh }e}`f `h`f mjf eqmjh mj fe{ =33 inffehj{ mj mûf`qj{ 'Z-[13(33seq jisfj`me%`ðe& e {j` Z-[0(222 seq jisfj`me%ij{.(

Kàj mj{}`k`q pj& jf 47&2* mj f`{ jisqj{`{ }n fn` mn{jðe{ sqesne{ ~ jf 70&7* i`hj{}` mj{j`q sqe}jdjq { mn{jðe keh h nh}jdq`me sqesne& injh}q`{ pj jf 73&4* jwsqj{pj nh}jdq`q s`q}j e f` }e}`fnm`m mj {{ knqkn}e{ jfjk}qûhnke{ fj qj{f}`q` h` rjh}`keisj}n}nr` niseq}`h}j(

Jh s`q}nkf`q& jf {ndnjh}j dqse mj jisqj{`{ nhnknû dj{}nehj{ s`q` f` mjhnknûh msqe~jk}e{ kehkqj}e{?

]QEHNL? àqnk`h}j mj jh}j{ ~ kehrjq}nmeqj{ mj jhjqd` jfîk}qnk`(‡

JK@IJK? àqnk`h}j mj nh{}qijh}e{ mj ijmnknûh mj jhjqd` jfîk}qnk`(‡

[^[]JF@A%@IQ? àqnk`h}j mj jpnse{ s`q` }jfjijmnknûh ~ dj{}nûh mj jhjqd‡

jfîk}qnk`(

QIN? àqnk`h}j mj q`mnejhf`kj{ mj inkqeehm`{ ~ qjsj}nmeqj{ j nhgnanmeqj{ s`‡

}jfjeh` iûrnf(JWJI^[? àqnk`h}j mj nh}jq`kj{ nhm{}qn`fj{(‡

GNAQNKEI? àqnk`h}j mj knqkn}e{ gaqnme{(‡

IJD@]JKG? àqnk`h}j EJI mj kjh}q`fj{ mj kehi}`knûh }jfjûhnk` NS(‡

NHR@S? mj{`qqeffe mj q`m`qj{& {`}îfn}j{& qj`k}eqj{ hkfj`qj{(‡

SJH]@KEI? dj{}nûh mj mn{}qnaknûh mj f` jhjqd`(‡

Ijqk`me Dfea`f

@ s`q}nq mj ijmnme{ mj fe{ `ðe{ 73 f` nhm{}qn` inkqejfjk}qûhnk` eqoû { kìnhe mj{sjkn`fn`knûh {js`qàhme{j jh me{ dq`hmj{ àqj`{ mj r`feq( F` sqnijq` àqj` keqqj{sehmj `f mj{`qqeffe mj f`{ }jkhefed`{ mj àqnk`knûh(

J{}` àqj` jw}qji`mìjh}j keisj}n}nr` ~ k`q` ffjrû ` f` j{sjkn`fn`knûh mj jisqj{`pj aqnhm`h `kkj{e ` f`{ }jkhefed`{ pj {j f`{ mjheinh` ‖ehmqnj{’(

Jh jf e}qe jw}qjie mj f` k`mjh` mj r`feq& h sqemk}e nh}jdq`me s`{û ` {jq {ûfe sqeafji` mj mn{jðe ~ mj {jqrnkne mj nh}jdq`knûh ~ keh f` kqjknjh}j mn{sehnanfnm`m mj gjqq`



Fz{ 07 m e m 1303 {siè{ m deane AEFJ]NH EBNKN@F H¿ ;0(71; ;

injh}`{ mj mn{jðe jf hÿijqe mj mn{jð`meqj{ kqjknû `{ keie f`{ ajh`{ nmj`{ qj{f}`hme{jq h ie}eq mj jisoj {e{}jhnme mj f` nhm{}qn`& mj{mj jh}ehkj{(

Jh f` `k}`fnm`m& ikg`{ mj f`{ dq`hmj{ jisqj{`{ nh}jqh`kneh`fj{ g`h qjkqqnme`f ‖e}{eqknhd’ mj {jqrnkne{& }`h}e mj àqnk`knûh keie mj mn{jðe( Jh jf sqnijq k`{ekeie qj{f}`me mj fe{ ke{}e{ qjpjqnme{ s`q` i`h}jhjq `k}`fn`m` h` sf`h}` mjàqnk`knûh mj ÿf}ni` }jkhefed`& {njhme jf k`{e mj ]JW@[ NH[]QZIJH][ jf ià{jiafjià}nke(

Jh jf k`{e mj mn{jðe& f`{ jisqj{`{ e ‖mj{ndh ge{j{’ {qjh ` hnrjf dfea`f mj h` j{)k`{j mj qjkq{e{ gi`he{ k`fnk`me{& fe k`f qj{f}` jh h` mji`hm` mj mn{jðe{ pjhe {j sjmj {`}n{`kjq seq keisfj}e( J{}e g`kj hjkj{`qn` f` }jqkjqn`knûh mj {jqrnkne{ è}q`{ keis`ð`{& e ` mn{jð`meqj{ qjjf`hkj & e ` dqse{ jh hnrjq{nm`mj{(

@ fe{ `k}eqj{ jwn{}jh}j{ jh jf sf`he nh}jqh`kneh`f& {j {i` Aq`{nf& keh f` `sjq}q` jh jf`ðe 1334 mjf Kjh}qe mj Bàqnk`knûh KJN]JK mj }jkhefed` mj {jð`f inw}` mj 3(2:i '2.(

@fqjmjmeq mj j{}j kjh}qe {j jhkjh}q`h ~` esjq`hme knhke k`{`{ mj mn{jðe& keh jfeaoj}nre mj sqemknq {efknehj{ s`q` f` nhm{}qn` fek`f& j{sjkn`fijh}j jh qaqe{ keie fe{{ndnjh}j{? `}ei`}n`knûh nhm{}qn`f ~ keijqkn`f& }jkhefed` mj f` nheqi`knûh& }jfjke)ihnk`knehj{& ]R mndn}`f& jfjk}qûhnk` `}eie}qn& jfjk}qûhnk` mj keh{ie& `jqehà}nk`& ~QBNM 'Nmjh}nk`knûh seq Q`mne Bqjkjhkn`.(

K`s`knm`mj{ fek`fj{ `k}`fj{

[jk}eq knjh}ébke

Mjh}qe mjf {jk}eq knjh}ke& {j j{}àh mj{`qqeff`hme keh îwn}e fhj`{ mj nhrj{}nd`knûhjh knqkn}e{ nh}jdq`me{ `h`fûdnke{ ~ mndn}`fj{& knqkn}e{ mj }jfjij}q` s`q` i`qk`{ nh}jfn)djh}j{ 'QBNM.& {jh{eqj{& knqkn}e{ mj aòe keh{ie j ni`djq{ & IJI[ s`q` {jh{`me mjr`qnàfj{ ìanjh}`fj{ ~ anefûdnk`{ j nh{}qijh}`knûh( J{}e {j j{}à ffjr`hme ` kàe jhfàeq`}eqne{ mj ZH[& ZKK& NH]N& ZHQ(

Fe{ fàeq`}eqne{ mj f` ZH[ ~ ZKK se{jjh dqse{ mj nhrj{}nd`knûh jh f` }jià}nk` mjmn{jðe mj knqkn}e{ nh}jdq`me{ `h`fûdnke{& mndn}`fj{ ~ mj {jð`f inw}`(

Dq`kn`{ ` kefàeq`knehj{ jh}qj kjh}qe{ mj mj{`qqeffe keie f` KHJ@& NH]N& ZH[@I&~ ZH[ {j j{}àh `sqerjkg`hme k`s`knm`mj{ mj f` Qjsÿafnk` @qdjh}nh` jh jf mn{jðe mjmn{se{n}nre{ inkqejfjk}qeijkàhnke{ ~ h`he}jkhefûdnke{ keie?

Keisehjh}j{ IJI[ mj q`mneqjkjhkn` ~ knqkn}e{ s`q` `h}jh`{ mj {`}îfn}j{‡

mj i~ aò`{ sîqmnm`{ mj {jð`f& pj he qjpnjqjh se{nknehìnjh}e ijkàhnke&fedq`hme h aòe keh{ie mj jhjqd` ~ rjh}ò`{ jh jf keh}qef mj `k}n}m mjf{`}îfn}j(

Ef`}j`me}j{ seq}à}nfj{ ~ mj sqj{}`knehj{ mnrjq{`{ s`q` fe{ {jk}eqj{ mj {jdqn)‡

m`m h`kneh`f j nhm{}qn`f& h`qnkj{ jfjk}qûhnk`{& {jh{eqj{ mj d`{j{ ~ mn{se{n}nre{`hj{(

[n{}ji`{ mj fnajq`knûh keh}qef`m` mj mqed`{ ijmnknh`fj{ jh jf kjqse gi`he&‡

keh {jh{eqj{ nh}jfndjh}j{ ~%e qj{jqreqne{ `}ekeh}qef`me{(

Ane{jh{eqj{ IJI[ s`q` mn`dhû{}nke{ nh{}`h}àhje{ keisj{}e{ seq knqkn}e{‡

`r`h`me{ ~ h`he}ae{& h`hekàfj{ e h`hegnfe{(

H`hes`q}kf`{ j{sjkk`{ s`q` jf `hàfn{n{ nh rnre mj }jonme s`hkqjà}nke {`hme‡

Se{n}qeh Jin{{neh ]eiedq`sg~ 'SJ].([jk}eq }îkhnke

Mj{èq}h`mìjh}j& jf {jk}eq }îkhnke mjaj qjkeh{}qnq{j ` hnrjf h`kneh`f ~ he jwn{}jmn{sehnanfnm`m jh f` `k}`fnm`m mj }îkhnke{ k`s`kn}`me{ jh f` }jià}nk`(

[jk}eq jisqj{`qne

Jf {jk}eq jisqj{`qne jh jf àqj` mj mn{jðe j{ k`{n nhjwn{}jh}j( [ûfe g`~ me{ jisqj{`{&@FFJDQE INKQE[N[]JI@[ 'Sqernhkn` mj Ajhe{ @nqj{.& ~ KF@QNSG^ @QDJH]NH@'Sqernhkn` mj Kûqmea`.& mjmnk`m`{ `f mn{jðe mj knqkn}e{ nh}jdq`me{ `h`fûdnke{& ~ mjkeihnk`knehj{& qj{sjk}nrìjh}j(

K`m` h` mj j{}`{ jisqj{`{ }njhj jh f` `k}`fnm`m he{ 13 jisfj`me{ sqeijmne& ~jisfj` `f dqj{e mj fe{ dq`m`me{ keh kehekninjh}e{ jh inkqejfjk}qûhnk` sqemknme{jh f`{ hnrjq{nm`mj{(

Zh` }jqkjq` jisqj{`& JI]JKG& mj ijheq }ì`ðe '= ` : jisfj`me{.& sqerjj {ef)knehj{ nh}jdq`m`{ a`{`m`{ jh BSD@ e jh nh}jdq`knûh qàsnm` mj kgns{ ijmn`h}j mn{jðemj f`{ k`s`{ {sjqneqj{ mj ij}`f ~ kjfm`{ j{}àhm`q& {jqrnkne sqern{}e seq f` jisqj{`‖KgnsW’(

[jk}eq dzajqhìjh}`f

Mjh}qe mjf {jk}eq dajqhìjh}`f& {j kjh}` keh fàeq`}eqne{ mj `f}` keisfjonm`mkeie fe{ pj se{jjh jf NH]N& f` KHJ@ ~ f` KEH@J( Jh s`q}nkf`q& jf NH]N }njhj f`{ k`s`)knm`mj{ s`q` mj{`qqeff`q inkqe{jh{eqj{ s`q` f` ijmnknûh mj r`qnàfj{ aneìanjh}`fj{&jhk`s{f`q& {efm`q ~ }j{}j`q knqkn}e{ nh}jdq`me{( Kjh}` `mjià{ keh h` {`f` fnisn` s`q`se{}sqekj{ìnjh}e mj knqkn}e{ nh}jdq`me{(

F` KHJ@)K@K j{}à }jqinh`hme { {`f` mj àqnk`knûh mj IJI[& ~ mj{`qqeff` ane){jh{eqj{ ~ mj}jk}eqj{ a`{`me{ jh h`hekeisehjh}j{( ]ìanîh mn{sehj mj jpnsìnjh}es`q` nqq`mn`knûh mj ij{}q`{ mj qjfjr`hkn` s`q` {nif`q f`{ kehmnknehj{ mj q`mn`knûh `f`{ pj {j rjh {eij}nme{ fe{ knqkn}e{ jh jf j{s`kne ~ jh jpnsìnjh}e iîmnke mj `f}`keisfjonm`m(

F` KHJ@)K@A }njhj fàeq`}eqne{ s`q` f` i`hnsf`knûh mj IJI[& h`hej{}qk}q`{&h`hes`q}kf`{& }ae{& gnfe{ ~ knh}`{& ~ s`q` jf j{}mne mj {{ sqesnjm`mj{ i`dhî}n)k`{(

'2. Rjq? g}}s?%%ttt(kjn}jkinkqe{{n{}ji`{(eqd(aq%seq}`f%(

@k}eqj{ kf`rj

Mjh}qe mj fe{ {ekne{ fek`fj{ {j sjmjh heiaq`q fe{ {ndnjh}j{?

Jh f` `k`mjin`& {j kjh}` keh fe{ dqse{ mj nhrj{}nd`knûh mj ZH[ ~ mj ZKK(‡

Mjh}qe mjf {jk}eq dajqhìjh}`f& eqd`hn{ie{ keie?

Jf NH]N& f` KHJ@ ~ f` KEH@J {eh `k}eqj{ mji`hm`h}j{ mj }jkhefed` s`q` `s‡

k`knehj{ j{sjkk`{(

Jh f` `k}`fnm`m& j{}`{ `sfnk`knehj{ nhkf~jh& knqkn}e{ nh}jdq`me{ k`fnk`me{ s`rjfe& nh}jq`kj{ s`q` {jh{eqj{ aneìanjh}`fj{& nh}jq`kj{ s`q` }jfjij}q` nh`fàiaqnk` jd`h`mjq`%`dqnkf}q`& knqkn}e{ mj f}q`)aò` }jisjq`}q`& nh}jq`{j{ s`q` h`he}ae{ m

k`qaûh ~ IJI[& nh}jq`{j{ s`q` {jh{eqj{ nhq`qqeoe{& j}k(Jh s`q}nkf`q& jf NH]N ojd` h qef hmìjh}`f jh f` `q}nkf`knûh mj h sqe~jk}e h`kne

h`f mj mj{`qqeffe mj f` nhm{}qn` mj mn{jðe mj inkqejfjk}qûhnk`(

Jf j{}àfjkninjh}e mj f` J{kjf` @qdjh}nh` mj Inkqejfjk}qûhnk`& ]jkhefed` ~ @sfnkknehj{ 'J@I]@? ttt(jì}`(kei(`q.& {j g` keh{}n}nme jh h kjh}qe hkfj`q mj jhkjh}mj }eme{ fe{ `k}eqj{ knjh}ke{& mj jisqj{`{ 'h`kneh`fj{ ~ jw}q`hojqe{. ~ j{}mn`h}jkeh mnhàink` sqesn` ~ pj ojd` h qef sqjsehmjq`h}j jh f` `k}`fnm`m(

[ekne{ fek`fj{ j nh}jqh`kneh`fj{

F` {eknjm`m fek`f ià{ niseq}`h}j {j m` jh }eqhe ` f` ZH[& ZKK& NH]N& KHJ@ KEH@J seq f` keisfjijh}`knûh jh}qj f` }jkhefed` pj j{}e{ `k}eqj{ {eh k`s`kj{ msqemknq& ~ jf mn{jðe mj inkqekgns{ mjmnk`me{( Jf NHR@S j{ h {ekne mj niseq}`hkn`& se{{ r`qne{ sqe~jk}e{ mj `f}e rjfe }jkhefûdnke(

F`{ jisqj{`{ KF@QNSG^ @QDJH]NH@ [( @( ~ @FFJDQE INKQE[N[]JI@[ {eme{ keis`ð`{ mj mn{jðe mj knqkn}e{ nh}jdq`me{& jh f`{ àqj`{ mj kehrjq}nmeqj{ mj m`}emj `f}` rjfeknm`m ~ mn{jðe `h`fûdnke s`q` jfjk}qûhnk` mj keh{ie& qj{sjk}nrìjh}j(

J{}`{ me{ jisqj{`{ j{}àh jh sfjhe sqekj{e mj kqjkninjh}e& ~ jisfj`hme mj 1 ` sjq{eh`{ seq `ðe& k`m` h`(

Jh f` `k}`fnm`m& j{}j kqjkninjh}e {j g`~` fnin}`me seq f` mn{sehnanfnm`m mj QQGG iàpj seq hnhdÿh e}qe `k}eq(

Jh jf sf`he nh}jqh`kneh`f& {j kjh}` keh fè{ keh{efnm`me{ keh iÿf}nsfj{ nh{}n}knehj{& keh f`{ k`fj{ {j g`h qj`fn`me%sqj{jh}`me sqesj{}`{ mj kefàeq`knûh( F`{ nh{}n}knehj{ {eh f`{ {ndnjh}j{?

Oegh{ Geslnh{ Zhnrjq{n}~ 'JJZZ.(‡

Zhnrjq{n}~ e K`fneqhn` `} [`h Mnjde 'JJZZ.(‡

Kjh}qe Inkqejfjk}qûhnk` mj [jrnff` 'J{s`ð`.(‡

J]G '[n`.(‡

Zhnrjq{nm`m mj [è S`fe 'Aq`{nf.(‡

Zhnrjq{nm`m Bjmjq`f mj Qne Dq`hmj me [f 'Aq`{nf.(‡

NH@EJ 'Iîwnke.(‡

Kgehal& H`}neh`f Zhnrjq{n}~ 'Keqj` mjf [q.(‡

H`}neh`f Kgnè ]hd Zhnrjq{n}~ ']`nt`h.(‡

Zhnrjq{nm`m mj f` Qjsÿafnk` 'Zqd`~.(‡

Qj{f}` mj s`q}nkf`q niseq}`hkn`& f` qjf`knûh pj {j i`h}njhj keh kjh}qe{ h`kneh`fjmj inkqe ~ h`hejfjk}qûhnk`( Mjh}qe mj jffe{& {j sjmjh mj{}`k`q?

Kjh}qe H`kneh`f mj Inkqejfjk}qûhnk` mj [jrnff` 'J{s`ð`.(‡

H`}neh`f [~{}ji eh Kgns Sqedqì Ekj e ]`nt`h ']`nt`h.(‡

KJN]JK 'Aq`{nf.(‡

FJ]N 'Dqjheafj.(‡

Eaoj}nre{ jh jf keq}e%ijmn`he sfè

Fe{ eaoj}nre{ jh jf keq}e ~ ijmn`he sfè ` keh{jdnq s`q` fedq`q h nis`k}e jh

{jk}eq sqemk}nre ` }q`rî{ mjf mj{`qqeffe mj inkqe ~ h`he}jkhefed`& {eh fe{ {ndnjh}j{?

Jh sqnijq fd`q& fedq`q h` i`{` kq}nk` mj knhkjh}` hjre{ mek}eqj{ j‡

f`{ hnrjq{nm`mj{ j nh{}n}knehj{ mj N,M mjf s`{( J{}e j{ jpnr`fjh}j ` i}nsfnk`q seq knhke& `sqewni`mìjh}j& f` k`h}nm`m mj nhrj{}nd`meqj{ `k}ìjh}j jh f` `k`mjin`( Fe{ hjre{ mek}eqj{ mjajq`h eqi`q{j jh mnrjq{ìem`fnm`mj{?

) Jh sqedqì`{ mj se{dq`me jh jf s`{(

) Jh sqedqì`{ mj se{dq`me jh jf s`{ sjqe keh sjqeme{ nh}jqijmne{ jh jf j}jqneq(

) Jh sqedqì`{ mj se{dq`me jh jf jw}jqneq(

F`{ }jià}nk`{ mj eqi`knûh mj j{}e{ QQGG {eh? mn{jðe `h`fûdnke& mn{jðe jq`mneqjkjhkn` 'QB.& mn{jðe mndn}`f& mn{jðe inw}e& mn{jðe }efjq`h}j ` q`mn`knûhK@M)JM@ ~ {e}t`qj mj {eseq}j& nh}jq`kj{ anefûdnk`{ ~ aneiîmnk`{& nh}jq`kj{ {jh{eqj{& {jh{eqj{& IJI[& HJI[& i`hjoe mj jhjqd`& [n{}ji`{ jh kgns '[eK.& iûmfe{ gaqnme{& [n{}ji`{ jh Jhk`s{f`me '[eS.& jhk`s{f`me& }j{}je ~ rjqnk`knûh(



Fz{ 07 m e m 1303 {siè{ m deane AEFJ]NH EBNKN@F H¿ ;0(71; =

Jh {jdhme fd`q& fedq`q h` i`{` kq}nk` mj i`d{}jq{ }jkhefûdnke{ jh kehmnkne)‡

hj{ mj nh}jdq`q{j `f {jk}eq sqemk}nre& jh me{ iem`fnm`mj{( F` sqnijq` iem`fn)m`m keh{n{}j jh f` eqi`knûh mj h refijh `sqewni`me mj 1: i`d{}jq{ seq `ðe'jh = `ðe{. jh jf jw}jqneq jh }jià}nk`{ mj `f}e nh}jqî{ keijqkn`f& jh jf i`qke mjh sqedqì` {gekl mj `k}nr`knûh mjf {jk}eq sqemk}nre }jkhefûdnke( F` {jdhmìem`fnm`m `sh}` ` djhjq`q h` sqemkknûh keh}nh` mj i`dn{}jq{%j{sjkn`fn{}`{jh jf s`{& ` q`ûh mj knhke mj jffe{ seq k`m` nhrj{}nd`meq seq `ðe& jh f`{ hn)rjq{nm`mj{ j nh{}n}knehj{ mj N,M( Jh }eme{ fe{ k`{e{& jf eaoj}nre sqnhkns`f mj j{)}e{ i`d{}jq%j{sjkn`fn{}`{ j{ refk`q{j `f ijmne sqemk}nre& jh f`{ keis`ð`{ mjmn{jðe jwn{}jh}j{& jh f`{ keis`ð`{ }q`{& jh jisqjhmninjh}e{ sqesne{& ~ jhjisqjhmninjh}e{ keh jisqj{`{ mjf qaqe jfjk}qûhnke nh}jqj{`m`{ jh nhkeqseq`q}jkhefed` mj knqkn}e{ nh}jdq`me{(

Jh }jqkjq fd`q& keh}`q keh h Nh{}n}}e H`kneh`f mj Mn{jðe& pj keeqmnhj ~ `q)‡

}nkfj j{jqe{& pj `{n{}` ~ `}njhm` f`{ hjkj{nm`mj{ mj f`{ S~IJ{& sqeij)r` ~ mnhm` f` nhkeqseq`knûh mj `f}` }jkhefed` jfjk}qûhnk`& hjdeknj fnkjhkn`{ ~`kjqme{ keh jisqj{`{ j nh{}n}knehj{ jw}q`hojq`{( Jf nh{}n}}e mjajq` }ìanîhkeeqmnh`q j{}mne{ hjkj{`qne{ s`q` h` mjhnknûh kf`q` mj f`{ se{nafj{ hnm`mj{mj hjdekne jh }eqhe ` h hjre {jk}eq keie {jq` jf mj f` nhm{}qn` `qdjh}nh` mjf{jinkehmk}eq( Ià{ `ÿh& j{}j nh{}n}}e mjajq` mjfnhj`q h sf`h nh}jdq`f mj mj){`qqeffe mjf hjdekne mjf mn{jðe inkqe ~ h`hejfjk}qûhnke jh f` @qdjh}nh`& j{}àfj)knjhme s`}`{ {eaqj jf i`hjoe mj f` sqesnjm`m nh}jfjk}`f& f` {jdqnm`m oqmnk` ~kj{}nehj{ `m`hjq`{(

Jh k`q}e fd`q& se{nkneh`q f` ni`djh mj f` @qdjh}nh` keie sefe mj djhjq`knûh‡

}jkhefûdnk`& ijmn`h}j h jq}j `se~e fed{}nke mjf J{}`me 'qjf`knehj{ jw}jqneqj{.jh f` jojkknûh mj h sf`h nh}jdq`f mj keihnk`knûh( S`q` jffe {j mjajh }nfn`qjknjh}jijh}j {{ qjkq{e{ {nke{ 'jiaò`m`{ ~ keh{f`me{. ~ gi`he{ '`dqj)d`me{ keijqkn`fj{ ~ kf}q`fj{. mj i`hjq` mj fedq`q sjhj}q`q `f}e{ kjh}qe{ mjmjkn{nûh 'jisqj{`{ ~ hnrjq{nm`mj{. ~ `{ {jmknq nhrjq{nehj{ djhnh`{ ` f`qdesfè(

Jh pnh}e fd`q& ~ keisfjijh}`hme jf sh}e `h}jqneq& keh}`q keh h` mjkjh`‡

mj keis`ð`{ mj mn{jðe nh{}`f`m`{ jh f` @qdjh}nh`& `fqjmjmeq mj fe{ kjh}qe{

mj nhrj{}nd`knûh ~ mj{`qqeffe pj kjh}`h keh i`{` kq}nk`( J{ mj{jàfj fedq`qnhkeqseq`q jh}qj j{}`{ keis`ð`{ f` s`q}nkns`knûh mj jisqj{`{ j{sjkn`fn`m`{mj qjheiaqj nh}jqh`kneh`f( J{}`{ jisqj{`{ mjajqàh {jq }jh}`m`{ keh jf îh`{n{sj{}e jh f` djhjq`knûh mj qjkq{e{ gi`he{ 'h anjh j{k`{e jh jf ihme. ~jisfje& keh ijmnm`{ pj `kjfjqjh f` q`mnk`knûh mj f`{ in{i`{( Jf jjk}e mj}q`kknûh pj j{}e djhjq`q` qjkeisjh{`q` f` nhrjq{nûh qjpjqnm`(

Eaoj}nre{ jh jf f`qde sfè 'mj{`qqeffe mj féhj`{ jpnse{ mj N,M& mj{`qqeffejisqj{`qne keijqkn`f& mj{`qqeffe mj qjkq{e{ gi`he{.

Jf eaoj}nre sqnhkns`f mj f`qde sfè j{ jf mj{`qqeffe mj h ijmne sqnr`me mj `f}e sjqf}jkhefûdnke& pj djhjqj }qàòe keh h nis`k}e `sqjknàfj jh f` jkehei` mj f` @qdjh)}nh`(

Zhe mj fe{ eaoj}nre{ sqnhkns`fj{ j{ f` djhjq`knûh mj sjpjð`{ ~ ijmn`h`{ jisqj{`{pj sqemk`h sqemk}e{ 'hÿkfje{ mj sqesnjm`m nh}jfjk}`f& {n{}ji`{ jh kgns& {jh{eqj{nh}jfndjh}j{& {n{}ji`{ jfjk}qûhnke{ keisfjoe{. s`q` jf ijqk`me jw}jqhe j nh}jqhe( E}qe& j{f` nh{}`f`knûh mj jisqj{`{ }jkhefûdnk`{ ~` keh{efnm`m`{ jh }jqqjhe h`kneh`f(

E}qe eaoj}nre j{ if}nsfnk`q fe{ dqse{ mj nhrj{}nd`knûh ~ mj{`qqeffe& ~ fe{ dqse{ }jk)hefûdnke{ ` fe f`qde mjf s`{& mj i`hjq` pj jf {jk}eq knjh}ke kjh}j keh h` i`{`

kq}nk` {knjh}j s`q` `se~`q ~ jhqnpjkjq ` }q`rî{ mj f` nhher`knûh jf mj{`qqeffe mj f``k}nrnm`m sqnr`m`(

[j mjajq` keh}`q keh ià{ mj mnj kjh}qe{ mj N,M ~ }jkhefûdnke{& keh h` i`{`kq}nk` he ijheq ` mnj mek}eqj{ jh k`m` he mj jffe{(

[j mjajq` keh}`q keh h` nhq`j{}qk}q` mj jpnsìnjh}e mj `r`h`m` s`q` jf mj){`qqeffe mj IJI[& h`hej{}qk}q`{& keihnk`knehj{ mj `f}` qjkjhkn` 'DG. ~ {n{}ji`{inw}e{ ane)jfjk}qûhnke{& {knjh}j s`q` fnmjq`q mj{`qqeffe{ }jkhefûdnke{ jh j{}`{ àqj`{(

@mjià{ g`q` `f}` h` fhj` mj àqnk`knûh mj knqkn}e{ nh}jdq`me{ mj aò` j{k`f` 'hemj `r`h`m`. ‛i`~eqijh}j s`q` mn{jðe{ `h`fûdnke{‛ pj {nqr` s`q` ìsfn`q f` a`{j mjkehekninjh}e jh }jkhefed`{ mj àqnk`knûh& sqerjjq f` jfjk}qûhnk` mj keh{ie h`kneh`f&f` eqi`knûh mj }jkhûfede{& i`d{}jq{ ~ SgM„{& ~ fnmjq`q f` àqnk`knûh mj sqe}e}nse{ mjf{n{}ji` jmk`}nre(

B`k}nanfnm`m mj `fk`h`q fe{ eaoj}nre{

Jh h j{kjh`qne i~ es}nin{}`& jf J{}`me sqerjj h `se~e nhnkn`f mjkn{nre ` f` eqi`)knûh mj QQGG keh kefàeq`knûh nh}jqh`kneh`f ~ `}q`j h ajh hÿijqe 'ià{ mj knhke. mjjisqj{`{ mj mn{jðe(

Jh j{}j j{kjh`qne& qj{f}` i~ `k}nafj j{sjq`q pj {j fedqj h hÿijqe mj dq`m`me{mj i`d{}jq pj {j rjfpjh ` f` `k}nrnm`m sqnr`m`& }`h}e jh f`{ jisqj{`{ `}q`m`{& keiejh jisqjhmninjh}e{ sqesne{ jwseq}`hme }jkhefed`(

@{nin{ie& f`{ keis`ð`{ h`kneh`fj{ mj jfjk}qûhnk` `kjs}`h jf {`f}e }jkhefûdnke& ~fe h`hkn`h& sqemknjhme h` ejq}` mj jisfje& nhkeqseq`hme knqkn}e{ nh}jdq`me{& ~ jfj)r`hme jf r`feq `dqjd`me mj {{ sqemk}e{( Jh j{}j j{kjh`qne& }ìanîh j{ i~ `k}nafj hmj{`qqeffe mj f` k`s`knm`m `k`mîink` pj fedq` h` i`{` kq}nk` jh f`{ hnrjq{nm`mj{&{knjh}j keie s`q` à`{}jkjq jf refijh qjpjqnme mj i`dn{}jq{ jh jf {jk}eq sqnr`me& ~s`q` jhqjh}`q fe{ mj{è{ }jkhefûdnke{ }qe{(

F` @qdjh}nh` `s`qjkj jh jf i`s` nh}jqh`kneh`f keie h jwseq}`meq mj sqemkknûh mj}jkhefed`& mnhìn` ~ `k}`fn` { nhm{}qn` h`kneh`f jh }jkhefed`(

Jh h j{kjh`qne es}nin{}`& jf J{}`me sqerjj h `se~e ijmn`he& aqnhm`hme h hÿijqe{`}n{`k}eqne mj ajk`{ mj i`d{}jq ~ mek}eq`me& keh `fdh`{ mj jff`{ mj{}nh`m`{ ` f` j{)sjkn`fn`knûh jh jf jw}jqneq( [j `}q`jh h s`q mj jisqj{`{ mj mn{jðe( Jh j{}j j{kjh`qne&{j fedq` h` i`{` kq}nk` mj }jkhûfede{%nhrj{}nd`meqj{ jh f`{ hnrjq{nm`mj{( [j sqemkj}ìanîh h hÿijqe `mjk`me mj i`j{}q`{(

F`{ jisqj{`{ }ei`h h ajh hÿijqe mj fe{ j{sjkn`fn{}`{ eqi`me{& fe k`f i`h}njhj h qn}ie mj kqjkninjh}e {e{}jhnme }`h}e `f hnrjf mj eqi`knûh mj QQGG keie mjisfje(

F` `f}` mj eqi`knûh jh jf jw}jqneq& g`kj pj he {j mj nhnkn`fijh}j h` k`h}nm`h}qnm` mj jisqjhmninjh}e{ s`q` f` jwseq}`knûh mj }jkhefed`( [qdjh jisqjhmninjh}efek`fj{ jh kehohknûh keh jisqj{`{ h`kneh`fj{ mj jfjk}qûhnk`& f`{ k`fj{ mnhìn`h sqemkknûh mj }jkhefed` ~ jisfje(

F` @qdjh}nh` mnhìn` ~ `k}`fn` { nhm{}qn` h`kneh`f mj }jkhefed`( Keh{ndj fà`{j{ {knjh}j{ s`q` jhk`q`q h` `{j {ndnjh}j ~ }q`h{eqi`q{j jh jwseq}`meq mj in{i`(

Jh h j{kjh`qne sj{nin{}`& he g`~ h `se~e mjkn{nre& {j keh{ndj h hÿijqqjmknme mj ajk`{& {efìjh}j mek}eq`fj{( F`{ ajk`{ mj i`j{}q`{ {eh sqern{}`{ jhÿijqe{ aòe{ seq f`{ jisqj{`{ jwn{}jh}j{ jh jf ijmne( He {j fedq` `}q`jq hnhdhjisqj{`(

Jh j{}j j{kjh`qne& f` eqi`knûh mj QQGG {j }eqh` fe {knjh}jijh}j fjh}` keis`q` he sqemknq jf jjk}e if}nsfnk`}nre( [j sqemkjh `fdh`{ i`j{}q`{& f`{ k`fjea}njhjh }qàòe{ àknfijh}j jh f`{ jisqj{`{ h`hkn`meq`{& he ea{}`h}j& î{}`{ h`fk`h`h ` {`}n{`kjq {{ hjkj{nm`mj{ mj nhkeqseq`knûh mj sjq{eh`f(

Jf kqjkninjh}e jh f` `k`mjin` j{ fjh}e& ~ he `fk`h` ` se}jhkn`q jf {jk}eq sqnr`me( Hg`~ i`{` kq}nk` s`q` sqerjjq f` mji`hm` mj f`{ nhm{}qn`{ h`kneh`fj{ mj jfjk}qûhnk`& {j djhjq` jh jff`{ h nh}jqî{ he}àfj( He {j jwseq}` }jkhefed`(

µSeq pî f` Qjsÿafnk` @qdjh}nh` mjajqé` nhrjq}nq qjkq{e{ jh j{}` àqj`5

Beq}`fj`{

Nhmjsjhmjhkn }jkhefûdnk`(

@sqerjkgìnjh}e mj qjkq{e{ g`{}` `geq` nhrjq}nme{(

K`s`knm`mj{ mn{}qnanm`{(

Hnrjf jmk`}nre mj fe{ j{}mn`h}j{ mj nhdjhnjq`(

Ke{}e{ keisj}n}nre{(

Eseq}zhnm`mj{

@ian}e nhm{}qn`f beqjknjh}j(

J}`s` gn{}ûqnk` jh [mìîqnk`(

QQGG jh eqi`knûh(

Kjh}qe{ `k`mîinke{ ~ mj k`s`kn}`knûh qea{}e{(

Fàeq`}eqne{ }jkhefûdnke{ j{}`}`fj{ mj `f}` keisfjonm`m(

Se{nafj `keis`ðìnjh}e mj inkqejfjk}qûhnk` keh jf kqjkninjh}e mj N] jh f` @

djh}nh`(

Mjanfnm`mj{

B`f}` mj keihnk`knûh ~ mj{kehekninjh}e nhm{}qn`)`k`mjin`(‡

B`f}` mj i`{` kq}nk` mj QQGG(‡

@{jhkn` mj h ijmne sqemk}nre pj sqerj` nhrjq{nehj{ mj qnj{de ~ jisfje(‡

@ijh``{

B`ff` jh f` `{ekn`}nrnm`m jh}qj jf {jk}eq mj mn{jðe ~ fe{ {jk}eqj{ mj sqemkknû‡

mj }jkhefed` ~ {e}t`qj (

B`f}` mj nh}jqî{ mj nhdjhnjqe{(‡

Behme{ nh{knjh}j{ s`q` f` sqemkknûh mj h` i`{` kq}nk` mj QQGG(‡

Ijmnm`{ kehkqj}`{

Bnh`hkn`q h sqedqì` mj eqi`knûh mj I`j{}q`{ ~ Mek}eqj{& keh f` bjwnanfnm`‡

`mjk`m` s`q` f` kehkqjknûh mj fe{ eaoj}nre{ mj{j`me{& keh}jisf`hme f` eqi`knûh jh jf jw}jqneq(

Keisfj}`q f` eqi`knûh mjf Nh{}n}}e mj Mn{jðe keh h` j{}qk}q` djedqàk` mn{‡

}qnanm`( D`q`h}n`q jf h`hknìnjh}e s`q` f` ea}jhknûh mj fnkjhkn`{ keijqkn`fj~ {jqrnkne{ mj àqnk`knûh(

Kqj`q h sqedqì` j{sjkn`f pj h`hknj fe{ sj{}e{ mj fe{ j{sjkn`fn{}`{ djhjq‡

me{ jh jisqj{`{ }jkhefûdnk`{ jwn{}jh}j{ ~ jh hjre{ jisqjhmninjh}e{(

Beijh}`q f` nh{}`f`knûh mj ; jisqj{`{ jw}q`hojq`{ keh jq}j{ fè{ ` fe{ sqe‡

~jk}e{ mj djhjq`knûh mj qjkq{e{ gi`he{ ~ j{}àfjkninjh}e mj mj{`qqeffe }jhefûdnke jh f` @qdjh}nh`(

RN( @QJ@[ ]Q@H[RJQ[@FJ[

RN( @( Jmk`knûh K`sn}`f Gi`he

‖]jkghefednk`f k`sànfn}nj{ g`rj `ft`~{ ajjh ` zhmìjh}`f keisehjh} e jkeheidqet}g `hm tjf`qj’ '‖ F`{ k`s`knm`mj{ }jkhefûdnk`{ {njisqj g`h {nme h keisehjhhmìjh}`f mjf kqjkninjh}e jkehûinke ~ mjf anjhj{}`q’ '4..

@qkgnazdn " Keke '133=?1

'4. F` }q`mkknûh keqqj{sehmj ` f` jmnknûh mjf [sfjijh}e @k}e{ mj Deanjqhe(



Fz{ 07 m e m 1303 {siè{ m deane AEFJ]NH EBNKN@F H¿ ;0(71; :

Jh h` jkehei` k`m` rj ià{ meinh`m` seq fe{ {jqrnkne{ }jkhefûdnke{ he j{ se){nafj qj`fn`q h` sqe{sjk}nr` jh jf àqj` mj ]jkhefed`{ mj f` Nheqi`knûh ~ f` Kei)hnk`knûh ']NK. {nh keh{nmjq`q f` eqi`knûh mj K`sn}`f Gi`he keie h` mj f`{ àqj`{j{}q`}îdnk`{(

Jf K`sn}`f Gi`he j{ he mj fe{ `k}eqj{ mj sqemkknûh kf`rj{ jh f` jkehei` mjfkehekninjh}e jh djhjq`f ~ jh f` nhm{}qn` ]NK jh s`q}nkf`q(

Jh jf ÿf}nie pnhpjhne f` jrefknûh mj f` nhm{}qn` ]NK jh f` @qdjh}nh` g` jwsjqnijh)}`me h mj{ò{}j jh}qj f` ejq}` ~ f` mji`hm` mj qjkq{e{ gi`he{( Jh }`h}e f` mji`h)m` keh}nh` kqjknjhme sjq{n{}jh}jijh}j& f` ejq}` he fedq` bjwnanfn`q { kqjkninjh}e(

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Sjqbfj{ nheqià}nke{ s`q` f` jmzk`knûh ijmn`

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Fn{}`me mj Sjqbfj{ 'KJ[[N& 133:.

Kf{}jq Mj{`qqeffe mj [e}t`qj?‡

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) J{sjkn`fn{}` jh [jdqnm`m mj @sfnk`knehj{(

Kf{}jq Nhq`j{}qk}q` ]jkhefûdnk`?‡

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) @minhn{}q`meq mj A`{j mj M`}e{(

Kf{}jq Bhkneh`f?‡

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) Jojk}nre Keijqkn`f(

Kf{}jq K`fnm`m?‡

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Sjqbfj{ géaqnme{

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Sqejk}e{ mj eqi`knûh `f}jqh`}nr` mj QQGG

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Kûqmea` ]jkghefed~? Sqedqì` mj Ajk`{ mjf Kjh}qe mj Qj{nmjhkn`{

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Ajk`{ ‖:33w:33’ ~ ‖:33w;33’? Deanjqhe mj f` Sqernhkn` mj Kûqmea`

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Sqedqì`{ jw}q`kzqqnkzf`qj{ jh jf [n{}ji` Jmzk`}nre

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NAI)@qj` mj Dfea`f Mjfnrjq~ Kjh}jq mj NAI @qdjh}nh`

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'0=. Rjq? g}}s?%%ttt(keqmea`}jkghefed~(kei%nhmjw(`{s(

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j{ fe ià{ ozhneq pj g`~ jh f` keis`ð`(DFEA@H] Zhnrjq{n}~ 'DFEA@H] Z.

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@ s`q}nq mjf se{nknehìnjh}e ea}jhnme& f` jisqj{` pnjqj mj{`qqeff`q h` k`qqjq` àdmehmj fe{ `fihe{ }eme{ fe{ `ðe{ qjkna`h `fdh` kjq}nk`knûh pj kìan`q` ` ijmm` pj f`{ }jkhefed`{ kìan`h( Jf sqe~jk}e jisj`qà keh `mefj{kjh}j{ mj =³ `ðe m{jkhm`qne& keh }qhe{ `keiem`me{( [j fj{ snjh{` jh{jð`q }ji`{ kjh}q`fj{ ~ h 43*kehekninjh}e{ ‖qj`m~ }e aj {jm’& seq jojisfe& keie {`q f`{ deedfj sn{ & jf deedfj i`kqj`q ojde{ w jfjk}qehnk`q}{ & j}k( [j j{sjq` qjknanq ` 0:3%133 kgnke{ mq`h}j jf sqnij`ðe( F` nhrjq{nûh s`q` kqj`q f` DFEA@H])Z j{ mj `sqewni`mìjh}j ; e = inffehj{ mmûf`qj{(

‖J{}j sqe~jk}e pj ij sqj{jh}à{ he{ nh}jqj{` 'Bhm`knûh AN. seqpj pnà{ sjm`h kefàeq`q e sfjd`q{j ` f` Dfea`f Z( Pjqjie{ mj{`qqeff`q h` k`qqjq` àdnf 'fe keh}q`qne ` }jhmjhkn` mj f`{ k`qqjq`{ t`}jq`ff .( Sjh{ìe{ pj f` k`qqjq` }njhj pj {jq h` {jkjhkn` ½}eme{ fe{ `ðe{ ij qjknae mj `fde½( ]ìseke pjqjie{ j{sjq`q pj }jhd`h 07 `ðe

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Kfnjh}nhd Dqezs

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KN[KE

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INKQE[EB]? Fàeq`}eqne{ mj k`s`kn}`knûh ~ jisfje

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EQ@KFJ

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Keh}nhÿ`h f`{ qj{}qnkknehj{ `f `kkj{e `f kqîmn}e jw}jhmnme pj {j hjkj{n}` s`q`‡

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Seq {sj{}e pj jf kqjkninjh}e& d`h`hme r`feq `dqjd`me seq jf R[& qjpnjqj mj

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Mnà{seq`

Mj{kqnsknûh mjf Dqzse

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Zh ìjh}e jh f` }`{` mj mj{jisfje ~ {ajisfje mj qjkq{e{ gi`he{ mj `f‡

k`fnk`knûh(

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Beke{ }jkhefûdnke{ f`qde sfè '8 03 `ðe{.

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Ijqk`me fek`f

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@h`fn`q kûie {j keh{}q~j qnpj` ` s`q}nq mjf kehekninjh}e& ~ f`{ r`fnm`knehj{‡

pj î{}j }njhj pj }jhjq s`q` ffjd`q `f ijqk`me(

Ijqk`me dfea`f F` mnà{seq` keie sjh}j jh}qj f` mji`hm` dfea`f ~ f` ejq}` fek`f `~m` ` qj)‡

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@ sj{`q mj sqedqj{e{ qjknjh}j{& f` mn{}`hkn` jh}qj `k`mjin` j nhm{}qn` j{ dq`h)‡

mj& ~ j{ `ÿh i`~eq jh f` i`~eq` mj àqj`{ kq}nk`{ j{ f` `f}` mj kehjwnûh keh f`mji`hm` dfea`f(

Nmjh}nk`q ~ sqeierjq k`{e{ mj îwn}e djhjq`meqj{ mj sqàk}nk`{ pj `kjqpjh ` f`‡

qeh}jq` }jkhefûdnk`& jh s`q}nkf`q jh hnkge{ jh {a{jk}eqj{ mj f` nhm{}qn`& {eaqj}eme jh ane}jkhefed`(

Fe{ qjkq{e{ gi`he{ }îkhnke{ mj jfjr`me hnrjf pj {j djhjq`h jh jf àian}e‡

knjh}ke ~ }jkhefûdnke j{}àh ià{ rnhkf`me{ ` fe{ sqemk}e{ ~ {jqrnkne{ pj f`@qdjh}nh` niseq}` pj ` fe{ pj sqemkj& m`hme seq qj{f}`me jf mj{`qqeffe mjfsqekj{e mj d` mj kjqjaqe{ 'e aq`nh mq`nh .& pj g` m`me h sqekj{e mj jindq`)knûh mnqndnme sqnhkns`fijh}j ` JJ(ZZ( ~ f` Zhnûh Jqesj`(

Jh}ehkj{ {n anjh f` @qdjh}nh` keis`q` anjh keh e}qe{ s`{j{ f`}nheìjqnk`he{ jh }îinhe{ mjf hnrjf jmk`}nre mj {{ qjkq{e{ gi`he{& }njhj h` jknjhkn` i`f` jh }îqinhemj f` }nfn`knûh mj j{}e{ `k}nre{ mjanme `f sqjmeinhne mj h sjqf mj j{sjkn`fn`knûh hnh}jh{nre jh kehekninjh}e& ` f` `f}` mj keeqmnh`knûh jh}qj jf {n{}ji` jmk`}nre ~ jf sqemk}nre& ~ ` f`{ mnkf}`mj{ s`q` {sjq`q f`{ fnin}`knehj{ mjf iemjfe fnhj`f mj nhher`knû~ semjq rnhkf`q ` knjhkn`& }jkhefed` ~ mj{`qqeffe sqemk}nre ~ {ekn`f(

@k}eqj{ kf`rj

@k`mjin` 'hnrjq{nm`mj{ sÿafnk`{ ~ sqnr`m`{& nh{}n}}e{ mj nhrj{}nd`knûh& j}k‡

Deanjqhe 'IK~]& Jkehei`& ]qàòe& KEHNKJ]& KHJ@& j}k(. Nhm{}qn` 'H`knh`f? ]JKGNH]& j}k( DFEA@F? KN[KE& j}k(.& [}`q}zs{ 'KEQJ [JKZQN]^& BZJDEANE[KNJHKJ& j}k(.& Nhka`meq`{& deanjqhe{ sqernhkn`fj{ ~ fek`fj{(

Fe{ injiaqe{ mj f` mnà{seq` pj }njhjh nhbjhkn` jh f`{ eqd`hn`knehj{ jh f`‡

pj }qàò`h%keh f`{ pj {j qjf`kneh`h jh jf jw}jqneq( Jf s`{e mj fe{ `ðe{& f` j{sjkn`fn`knûh ~ jf ``hìnjh}e keh f` keihnm`m knjh}k` ~ sqej{neh`f mj fes`{j{ qjkjs}eqj{ g`kjh pj j{}e{ sqej{neh`fj{ {j`h hmìjh}`fj{ ` f` gemj djhjq`q fe{ fè{ s`q` mj{`qqeff`q nhnkn`}nr`{ ~ hjdekne{ jh}qj f` ejq}` `qdj}nh` ~ f` mji`hm` mj fe{ ijqk`me{ mj{`qqeff`me{( [j j{}ni` pj h 43* mj fe`qdjh}nhe{ qj{nmjh}j{ jh jf jw}jqneq }njhjh h` nhbjhkn` jh}qj iemjq`m` ~ `f}jh f`{ eqd`hn`knehj{ jh f`{ pj }qàò`h(


[ekne{ k}nre{?‡

) @S@QZ& @H@KN]JK& JKEM@Q keie qjmj{ mj sqej{neh`fj{ ~` jwn{}jh}j{ j{{ qj{sjk}nre{ s`{j{ 'JJZZ ~ Qjnhe Zhnme. ~ e}q`{ qjmj{ mj f` mnà{seq`(

) Q@NKJ[? qj}jhknûh& sqeieknûh mj qj}eqhe ~ rnhkf`knûh keh f` mnà{seq` knjh}k`(

[ekne{ se}jhkn`fj{?‡

) Inhn{}jqne mj Jkehei`? djhjq`q rjh}ò`{ keisj}n}nr`{ j nhkjh}nre{() K`hknffjq`? keeqmnh`knûh keh f`{ jiaò`m`{ mjf jw}jqneq( @djh}j keh rn{nanfnm`

s`q` f` mnà{seq` `qdjh}nh`(

) NH]N& NH]@& KHJ@& KEHNKJ]? eqd`hn`knehj{ pj eijh}`h jf N,M s`q` rnhkf`f` }jkhefed` ` f` sqemkknûh(

) Jisqj{`{ `qdjh}nh`{ e keh `fdÿh keisehjh}j `qdjh}nhe s`q` mj{`qqeff`q sqemk}e{ keh `f}e keh}jhnme }jkhefûdnke ~ sqeierjqfe jh mn{}nh}e{ ijqk`me{(

) S~IJ{ ~ [}`q})zs{ ? j{}àh ` f` aÿ{pjm` mj hjr`{ }jkhefed`{ pj jwseq}`sqemk}e{%{jqrnkne{(

) KJS@F? jh { eke seq jf mj{`qqeffe }jkhefûdnke ~ jkehûinke mj @iîqnk` F`h`(


Nhrjq}nq jh eqi`q jwsjq}e{ jh jf jw}jqneq ~ qjs`}qn`qfe{ hjrìjh}j `f s`{ ` s`q‡

mj h` sef}nk` mj eqi`knûh pj keh}jisfj jf qj}eqhe `f s`{( @sqerjkg`q fàjk`{ mj k`s`kn}`knûh eqjknm`{ jh jf jw}jqneq mjiekq`}n`hme jf `kkj{e fek`f j{`{ eseq}hnm`mj{(

Beqi`knûh mj qjkq{e{ s`q` g`kjq‡ {kez}nhd }jkhefûdnke? mj{`qqeff`q j{}q`}jdn`{}`fjh}e{ k`s`kj{ mj mj}jk}`q f` }jkhefed` ~ fe{ kehekninjh}e{ qjpjqnme{(

Sqeierjq h` nmjh}nk`knûh kf`q` mj fe{ {a{jk}eqj{ mjh}qe mj f` nhm{}qn` m‡

]NK? aneiîmnk`& `dqehjdekne{& i`}jqn`fj{& jhjqd` fnisn`& h`he}jkhefed`(

G`kjq h i`}kg mj keisj}jhkn`{ jh}qj f` ejq}` jh f` @qdjh}nh` ~ f` mji`hm‡

ihmn`f s`q` jr`f`q f` mn{}`hkn` jh}qj ìae{& ~ fe{ sh}e{ ià{ kjqk`he{ jh femnrjq{e{ {jk}eqj{ sqemk}nre{ j nhm{}qn`{(

@sqerjkg`q fe{ rnòj{ qjf`}nrìjh}j qjkjh}j{ mj f` mnà{seq` knjh}k` ~ }jkhefû‡

dnk` `qdjh}nh` s`q` qjf`kneh`q{j keh f`{ qjmj{ mj nhrj{}nd`knûh fek`fj{( K`{n me}jqkne{ mj fe{ qj{nmjh}j{ jh jf jw}jqneq rn{n}` jf s`{ `f ijhe{ h` rj seq `ðe& f`{ rnhkf`knehj{ he ìnfn`qj{ {j sqemkjh ` s`q}nq mjf nh}jqkìane `k`mîinke f` `{n{}jhkn` ` kehjqjhkn`{ ~ kq{e{( Zh sqe~jk}e pj h`hknj f` j{}`m` mj hmj j{}e{ `qdjh}nhe{ mj f` mnà{seq` mq`h}j { rn{n}` `f s`{ s`q` `{n{}nq ` h` kehjqjhkn` e ` rn{n}`q ` knjh}ke{ ~ ` kehekjq {{ sqe~jk}e{ mj nhrj{}nd`knûh semq{jq h` i`hjq` h`}q`f mj sqerjkg`q jf nisf{e pj ~` jwn{}j jh j{}` keihnm`s`q` eijh}`q f`{ nh}jq`{j{ keh fe{ {jk}eqj{ knjh}ke{ ~ }jkhefûdnke{ fek`fj{(

Mj{`qqeff`q h` rn{nûh ià{ kf`q` {eaqj f`{ s`}jh}j{ ~ f` niseq}`hkn` mj s`}jh}‡

jh JJ(ZZ(

Kqj`knûh mj h` qjm ~ h` sf`}èqi` s`q` keh}qnaknûh mj f` mnà{seq`? eqi`knû‡

mj qjmj{ mj sqej{neh`fj{ jws`}qn`me{ j nh}jqkìane mj nheqi`knûh& s`q}njhme mf`{ jwsjqnjhkn`{ jwn{}jh}j{ 'Q@éKJ[& @H@KN]JK& @S@QZ& j}k(.(

Sqeierjq k`{e{ iemjfe{ s`q` j{}nif`q fe{ jojisfe{ jwn}e{e{ mj jisqj{`{& kj‡

}qe{ mj nhrj{}nd`knûh& fàeq`}eqne{ `qdjh}nhe{ pj g`h mj{`qqeff`me nhher`knehjjh f` knjhkn` ~ f` }jkhefed`(

Nhkfnq ` f` mnà{seq` keie qjkq{e kq}nke& nhrefkq`hme ` f`{ qjmj{ mj f` mnà{seq‡

sqej{neh`f jh fe{ sqe~jk}e{ h`kneh`fj{(

Eaoj}nre{ jh jf f`qde sfè

Nh}qemknq sqehm`{ iemnk`knehj{ jh jf {n{}ji` sqemk}nre j nh{}n}kneh`f& ‡

jh f` `k}`f nh{jqknûh nh}jqh`kneh`f mj i`hjq` mj ieme mj djhjq`q h szff mmji`hm` mj kehekninjh}e{(




Nh}qemknq kìane{ jh jf {n{}ji` jmk`}nre s`q` djhjq`q h‡ sz{g mj ejq}` pj}jhd` mjqqìj{ jh f` {eknjm`m& }`fj{ keie me}`q i`~eq sqj{sj{}e ` f` nhrj{)}nd`knûh& kìan`q jf qîdnijh mj nhkjh}nre{ mj fe{ nhrj{}nd`meqj{ s`q` j{}ni)f`q jf mj{`qqeffe mj s`}jh}j{ ~ mj }q`h{jqjhkn`{ `f {jk}eq sqemk}nre& nmjh}nk`)knûh mj àqj`{ }jià}nk`{ kf`rj{ jh f`{ pj kehkjh}q`q f` nhrj{}nd`knûh aà{nk` ~`sfnk`m`(

Mj{`qqeff`q ijk`hn{ie{ mj }q`mkknûh ~ kqj`knûh mj mnrjq{`{ eqi`{ mj nh}jq)‡

ijmn`knûh pj `knfn}jh f` rnhkf`knûh jh}qj knjhkn`& }jkhefed` ~ jf iemjfe mjmj{`qqeffe jfjdnme(


F` `k}nanfnm`m s`q` j{}j sh}e mjsjhmj j{jhkn`fijh}j mj f` k`s`knm`m mjf J{}`me mj`q}nkf`q sef}nk`{ dfea`fj{ ~ keisqjh{nr`{ mjf }ji`& pj fj sjqin}` `mjià{ ` f`{ nh{}n})knehj{ 'sÿafnk`{ ~ {ekn`fj{. ~` jwn{}jh}j{ esjq`q keie aqeljq{(

Zh sh}e hmìjh}`f j{ f` `q}nkf`knûh jh}qj ejq}` ~ mji`hm`& ~ sqe~jk}e{ kehkqj)}e{ ~ mj f`qde `fk`hkj s`q` pj f` mnà{seq` knjh}k` jh ]NK `qdjh}nh` {j rnhkfj hjr`)ijh}j keh jf s`{(

Aòe h j{kjh`qne es}nin{}`& {j jhkeh}q`q`?

Zh` sef}nk` mj J{}`me jh jf àqj` jmk`}nr`& knjh}k` ~ }jkhefûdnk` pj sqe)‡

ijrj nhnkn`}nr`{ mj f`qde `fk`hkj( Ge~ jh m` }em`{ f`{ sef}nk`{ mj J{}`me {ehs`qkn`fj{& àeqm`h h sqeafji` j{sjkke sjqe {nh semjq qj{efrjq fe{ }ji`{ mjehme( Jh }`f {jh}nme& f` kqj`knûh mjf hjre Inhn{}jqne Nhher`knûh Knjhkn` ~ ]jk)hefed` j{ h` {jð`f se{n}nr` mj h` rn{nûh dfea`f mjf sqeafji`(

Zh` `q}nkf`knûh ià{ qea{}` jh}qj knjhkn`& }jkhefed`& nhher`knûh ~ mj{`qqeffe‡

mj hjdekne{(

Mj{`qqeff`q `k}nrìjh}j sef}nk`{ mj qjs`}qn`knûh jh mj}jqinh`me{ k`{e{& `{ ‡

keie f` kehkqjknûh qj`f mj kehrjhne{ mjf deanjqhe ~ `djhkn`{ sÿafnk`{ keh qj)kq{e{ jw}jqhe{(

Mj{aqekq`}n`knûh mj f` k`qqjq` knjh}k`(‡

µSeq pzî f` Qjsÿafnk` @qdjh}nh` mjajqé` nhrjq}nq qjkzq{e{ jh j{}` àqj`5

F` `}q`kknûh mj f` mnà{seq` sqej{neh`f `qdjh}nh`& jh s`q}nkf`q `pjff` rnhkf`m` `f{jk}eq mj f` knjhkn`& f` }jkhefed` ~ f` nhher`knûh j{ h keisehjh}j hmìjh}`f mjr`qn`{ gn{}eqn`{ mj îwn}e{ h`kneh`fj{( S`{j{ }`h mn{s`qj{ keie Nhmn`& @qijhn`& N{q`jf eHjr` zjf`hm` ij{}q`h jwsjqnjhkn`{ jfekjh}j{ mjf kqjkninjh}e mj {{ jkehei`{ `s`q}nq mj sqemk}e{ e {jqrnkne{ mj a`{j }jkhefûdnk`(

Beq}`fj`{ Eseq}zhnm`mj{

Mjanfnm`mj{ @ijh``{

Mnà{seq` kehjk}`m` keh @qdjh}nh` 'rnòj{

bqjkzjh}j{& fè{ bìnfn`qj{ ~ keh}`k}e{ jw)

}q`bìnfn`qj{.

Mnà{seq` kehjk}`m` sqj{}ndne{`{ qjmj{ knjh)

}é k`{ ~ sqemzk}nr`{ nh}jqh`kneh`fj{

R`qn`{ djhjq`knehj{ mj mnà{seq`

Nh}jqî{ seq kehkqj}`q nh}jqkìane{ knjh}é ke{

Nh{}n}zkneh`fn`q réhkzfe{ ~` jwn{}jh}j{(

Q`{de{ mj fe{ sqebj{neh`fj{ `qdjh}nhe{ 'kqj`}n)

rnm`m& k`s`knm`m s`q` }qàò`q jh {n{}ji`{ seke

j{}qzk}zq`me{& jfjr`me hnrjf mj k`fnk`knûh.

Mjanfnm`mj{ nh{}n}zkneh`fj{ sjqi`hjh}j{( Ke)

qqzsknûh

B`f}` mj nhrjq{nûh

J{k`{` nh{jqknûh jh f` jkeheié` dfea`f

B`f}` mj sefé}nk`{ h`kneh`fj{ mj f`qde sfè jh

knjhkn` ~ }jkhefedé`

B`f}` mj rn{nûh {eaqj f` mji`hm` mjf ijqk`me

dfea`f ~ mj f` djhjq`knûh mj f` k`mjh` mj r`feq

Nhjwn{}jhkn` mj `se~e ` f` mnà{seq` sqebj{ne)

h`f `qdjh}nh` s`q` `~zm`q jh {z{ àqj`{ mj

jwsjqnjhkn`

J{k`{e qjkehekninjh}e seq s`q}j mjf J{}`me ~

f`{ jisqj{`{ jh f` niseq}`hkn` mj f` mnà{seq`

knjh}é k` ~ sqebj{neh`f

Ijmnm`{ kehkqj}`{ s`q` `fk`h`q fe{ eaoj}nre{

Eknh` mj }q`h{jqjhkn` }jkhefûdnk` keh h` a`{j jh‡

[nfnkeh R`ffj~ s`q` pj`k}ÿj keie h` jq}j kehjwnûh keh f` mji`hm` dfea`f(

Kehkjh}q`knûh jh knjq}`{ àqj`{ mj jwkjfjhkn` a`{`m`{ jh rjh}ò`{ fek`fj{ ~ jh‡

mji`hm` dfea`f(

Qjfjr`q f`{ àqj`{ mj j{sjkn`fn`knûh ~ mj ‖r`k`hkn`’ pj {j mjajq`h mj{`)‡

qqeff`q jh fe{ sqûwnie{ `ðe{< jf dq`me mj mj{`qqeffe mjf lhet)get ~ mj fe{qjkq{e{ gi`he{ jh f`{ àqj`{ jfjdnm`{< jf hnrjf mj f` nhq`j{}qk}q` mjjpnse{(

@{n{}nq jh f` eqi`knûh mj qjmj{ mj sqej{neh`fj{ jws`}qn`me{ '~` jqeh ijh)‡

kneh`m`{ `fdh`{ mj f`{ sqnhkns`fj{ qjmj{. ~ h` sf`}èqi` mj kefàeq`knûh(J{}` j{ hmìjh}`f s`q` mj{`qqeff`q f`{ }q`h{`kknehj{ ~ jf nh}jqkìane& keief` keijqkn`fn`knûh mj }jkhefed`{& nhrjq{nehj{ jh {}`q}zs{& oenh} rjh}zqj{&s`q}hjq{gns{ & kefàeq`knehj{ jh sqe~jk}e{ mj N,M& nmjh}nk`knûh `r`h`m` mjeseq}hnm`mj{ mj nh}jqkìane{ }îkhnke{ ~ knjh}ke{& `kkj{e ` }`fjh}e{ ~ kefj)d`{( Jf {n}ne mjajq` keh}`q keh h` a`{j mj m`}e{ j nhq`j{}qk}q` mj kefàeq`)knûh s`q` `knfn}`q jf nh}jqkìane mj nheqi`knûh ~ kehekninjh}e( F` jwsjqnjhkn`

mj e}q`{ keihnm`mj{ g` mjie{}q`me pj jf `kkj{e ` j{}` keihnm`m mj kehkninjh}e{ ~ qjkq{e{ {jfj {jq h nhkjh}nre i~ `f}e pj ffjr` ` f`{ mnà{seq`{ s`q}nkns`q ~ ` keh{}qnq qjf`knehj{ ià{ mq`mjq`{( Zh sqe~jk}e mj j{}` h`}q`fjmjaj keh}`q keh h`hknìnjh}e{ sÿafnke{ s`q` d`q`h}n`qfj keh}nhnm`m ~ h jj}nre kisfninjh}e mj {{ eaoj}nre{(

Qj`fn`q jrjh}e{ sh}`fj{ jh jf jw}jqneq s`q` eijh}`q jf‡ hj}teqlnhd jh}qj feinjiaqe{ mj f` mnà{seq` sqej{neh`f `qdjh}nh` jh jf jw}q`hojqe ~ s`q` sqeierjf` sf`}èqi`(

Mj{`qqeff`q k`{e{ jwn}e{e{ mj f` @qdjh}nh` jh jf {jk}eq mj f`{ ]NK jh eqi` m‡

sqemk}e{ 'fnaqe{& `mnern{`fj{ s`q` ie{}q`q jh jrjh}e{.(

Nhrefkq`q ` f` K`hknffjq` jh f` sqeieknûh mj f`{ nhnkn`}nr`{ mj f` mnà{seq‡

`qdjh}nh`(

Mj{`qqeff`q sef}nk`{ mj sqeieknûh mj f` Sqesnjm`m Nh}jfjk}`f s`q` `keq}`q ‡

aqjkg` jh}qj f` @qdjh}nh` ~ jf ihme(

Mj{`qqeff`q sjh}j{ jh}qj jf jisqjhmjmeq ~ fe{ kjh}qe{ mj }q`h{jqjhkn` }jkhe‡

fûdnk` 'sqnhkns`fijh}j f`{ hnrjq{nm`mj{.& jh fe{ eqd`hn{ie{ sÿafnke{ ~ jh f`jisqj{`{ ~ sjpjðe{ jisqjhmninjh}e{(

Qjfjrìnjh}e jh kjh}qe{ mj jwkjfjhkn` jh }jkhefed`? hnrjq{nm`mj{& fàeq`}‡

qne{& `sh}`qfj{ ~ djhjq`qfj{ h` rn{nûh j{}q`}îdnk` fek`f%dfea`f(

B`reqjkjq fe{ kf{}jq{ j{seh}àhje{& keie jf mj jisqjhmjmeqj{ Nh}jqhj} ‖S`fj‡

ie R`ffj~’& Tja 1(3 s`q` keihnm`mj{& ane}jkhefed`& hjre{ i`}jqn`fj{& jhjd`{ fnisn`{(

Ijoeq`q f`{ eknh`{ mj }q`h{jqjhkn` mj }jkhefed` pj he j{}àh eqnjh}`m`{ ‡

sjh{`m`{ s`q` aqnhm`q {jqrnkne{ ` fe{ nhrj{}nd`meqj{( G`~ sqeafji`{ mj qjk{e{& mj k`fnm`m& sqeafji`{ kf}q`fj{(

Mj{`qqeff`q ià{ nhkjh}nre{ s`q` s`}jh}`q& pj {ij ià{ sh}e{ jh f` k`qqjq` m‡

nhrj{}nd`meq h` s`}jh}j jh fd`q mj h s`sjq s`q` `~m`q ` qj{efrjq jf mnfjijh}qj safnk`q ~ s`}jh}`q {ndj {njhme i~ jq}j(

Mj{`qqeff`q sef}nk`{ mj }q`h{jqjhkn` mj }jkhefed`( F` djhjq`knûh mj qnpj‡

`{ keie h` eafnd`knûh mj f` knjhkn` aà{nk`( I`~eq qjq`knehìnjh}e jh}qj fknjhkn` aà{nk` ~ f` `sfnk`m`& {eaqj }eme s`q` f` ane}jkhefed` ià{ pj s`q` f`]NK(

Nhdjhnjqé` [ekn`f

]jhjq h` mnqjkknûh ` f`qde sfè? nmjh}nk`q ~ djhjq`q mj ; ` : àqj`{ mj j‡

kjfjhkn` 'knjh}k`& }jkhefûdnk`,hjdekne{. jh f` pj f` @qdjh}nh` {j` kìsjûh ihmn`f 'e j{}î jh}qj fe{ sqnijqe{ ; e =. ‛keie j{ jf k`{e mj HELN@ jBnhf`hmn`)(

Qjkehekjq jf r`feq mj f` mnà{seq` sqej{neh`f `qdjh}nh` s`q` jf mj{`qqeffe mj ‡

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J{}àfjkjq h` sef}nk` knjh}k` ` hnrjf h`kneh`f& keh eqi`knûh mj jpnse{ ` f`‡

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Mj{`qqeffe jisqj{`qne ~ keijqkn`f?‡

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Mj{`qqeffe mj qjkq{e{ gi`he{?‡

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) F`h`q h sqedqì` mj nhkjh}nre{ {jk}eqn`fj{ ` f` {{}n}knûh mj niseq}`knehj{~ kehkq{e{ mj nhher`knûh }jkhefûdnk` jh }ji`{ kf`rj jh a`{j `f mj{`qqeffemj h ijhÿ mj hjkj{nm`mj{ ~ eseq}hnm`mj{ jh jf àqj` mj @dqe]NK{ ` keq}e ~ijmn`he sfè '}jkhefed`{ mj `r`h`m`< }jkhefed`{ s`q` {{}n}nq niseq}`kne)hj{< }jkhefed`{ mn{sehnafj{ sjqe ijoeqàfj{.(

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) J{}mne ~ mj{`qqeffe mj j{pji`{ se{nafj{ s`q` `reqjkjq f` mn{nûh mj f` }q`)ànfnm`m mj anjhj{ ~ {jqrnkne{ jh }eme jf {jk}eq ~ f` `mesknûh mj heqi`{ ~j{}àhm`qj{ s`q` `reqjkjqf`( [j }q`}` mj keh{nmjq`q he {ûfe jh jf {jdijh}emj f` d`h`mjq` aernh`& {nhe }eme{ fe{ qj{}`h}j{ {jdijh}e{ mjf {jk}eq `dqesj)k`qne ~ `dqenhm{}qn`f keh fe pj {j }q`}`q` mj nisfjijh}`q f` }q`ànfnm`m jh}eme }nse mj `hni`fj{& mj snj`{ mj{se{}`m`{& mj sf`h}`knehj{& ijqk`mjq` `dq`hjf e nhmnrnm`f& j}k( J{}j j{jqe mjaj keh{nmjq`q f` se{nanfnm`m mj rnhkf`qhkneh`fijh}j jh}qj { f`{ nh}jq`{j{ jh}qj }em`{ f`{ j}`s`{ mj f`{ k`mjh`{`dqe`fnijh}`qn`{ sqj{}`hme `}jhknûh }`h}e ` f` }jkhefed` i`}jqn`f ~ {ekn`f pj{j qjpnjqj& keie f`{ fnin}`knehj{ sef}nk`{ ~ jkehûink`{ pj j{ mj j{sjq`qpj j{}`{ `kknehj{ `k`qqjjh(

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) [jk}eq Jmk`knûh?

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/ A{k`q jf j{}àfjkninjh}e mj h ijqk`me qjdneh`f mj keh}jhnme{ ~ {jqrnkne{mndn}`fj{& pj nhkf~` f` qj`fn`knûh mj eqe{& ` }q`rî{ mj h` `fn`h` sÿafnke)sqnr`m` keh sqerjjmeqj{ keijqkn`fj{(

/ @ijh}`q jf nh}jqkìane mj jwsjqnjhkn`{ ~ keh}jhnme{ mj `f}` k`fnm`m jh f`{qjmj{ qjdneh`fj{ mj seq}`fj{ jmk`}nre{& nhkfnm`{ `sfnk`knehj{ mj Tja 1(3 ~e}qe{ k`h`fj{ mj mn{}qnaknûh& keie f` }jfjrn{nûh ~ f` q`mne(

/ Mnhmnq jwsjqnjhkn`{ jh jf {e mj gjqqìnjh}`{ mj qj`fnm`m rnq}`f kei`sfnk`knehj{ mj f`{ ]NK jh sqedqì`{ jmk`}nre{ s`q` eijh}`q f` mnrj{nm`m kf}q`f& f` }efjq`hkn` ~ keia`}nq f` mn{kqninh`knûh seq keh{nmjq`knehj{ mj q``& dîhjqe& qjfndnûh& j}hn`& jhjqijm`m ~%e mn{k`s`knm`mj{& jh}e}q`{(

) [jk}eq Jijqdjhkn`{?

/ Eqjkjq {n{}ji`{ mj qj{sj{}`& keie a`{j{ mj m`}e{ mj mìhnk`me{& {n{}ji`{ mj dj{}nûh mj qjkq{e{ s`q` f` qj{sj{}` ` jijqdjhkn`{& jh}qj e}qepj {j`h mj{`qqeff`me{ keh ehme{ sÿafnke{& ~ sqeierjq { }nfn`knûh jh fes`{j{ mj f` qjdnûh }`h}e ` hnrjf h`kneh`f keie fek`f(

) [`fm?

/ @{jdq`q pj jf 43* mj fe{ kjh}qe{ mj {`fm ~ ge{sn}`fj{ }qàòjh ke{e}t`qj e `sfnk`knehj{ s`q` f` dj{}nûh ~ sf`hnk`knûh mj sqekj{e{& d`q`h`hme { nh}jqesjqànfnm`m& e msfnk`q jf hÿijqe `k}`f(

/ Jhf``q seq}`fj{ h`kneh`fj{ mj {`fm keh inq`{ ` j{}àfjkjq h` qjm qjdneh`s`q` keis`q}nq jwsjqnjhkn`{& nh}jqkìan`q keh}jhnme{ ~ sqeierjq { mj{qqeffe& `m`s}`knûh ~ sjq}nhjhkn`& }ei`hme jh kjh}` f` mjanm` sqe}jkknûh mm`}e{(

/ Sqeierjq f` ijoeq` mj f`{ qjmj{ qjdneh`fj{ mj {`fm ijmn`h}j f` `mesknûmj j{}àhm`qj{ pj rnànfnkjh f` nh}jqesjqànfnm`m mj fe{ {n{}ji`{ mndn}`fj{& jnh}jqkìane mj {e}t`qj & f` nh}jq`kknûh mj `sfnk`knehj{ ~ f` nh}jqkehjwnûh mseq}`fj{ ~ anafne}jk`{ rnq}`fj{ mj {`fm(

) Deanjqhe?

/ @{jdq`q pj jf :3* mj f`{ jh}nm`mj{ mj f` `minhn{}q`knûh sÿafnk` nhkf~`jh {{ seq}`fj{ nheqi`knûh qjfjr`h}j& ÿ}nf ~ eseq}h`& nhkf~jhme nheqi`knû{eaqj fe{ sqekj{e{ mj `mesknûh mj mjkn{nehj{& keh jf eaoj}e mj `knfn}`q f` qf`knûh mjf deanjqhe keh fe{ knm`m`he{ ~ e}q`{ s`q}j{ nh}jqj{`m`{& e msfnk`

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/ Beijh}`q ijk`hn{ie{ mj keh}q`}`knûh jfjk}qûhnk` jh jf {jk}eq sÿafnke(

/ Sqeierjq f` kqj`knûh mj ijk`hn{ie{ mj j{}`hm`qn`knûh ~ keh{efnm`knûh mf` nheqi`knûh djeqjjqjhkn`m`& keh jf eaoj}e mj pj jf deanjqhe& jf {jk}esqnr`me ~ mjià{ s`q}j{ nh}jqj{`m`{ kjh}jh keh gjqqìnjh}`{ s`q` f` }eimj mjkn{nehj{(

) Nhm{}qn`?

/ Sqeierjq f` kqj`knûh mj }jfj}qàòe& }qàòe iûrnf ~ e}q`{ eqi`{ mj }qà` oe seq qjmj{ jfjk}qûhnk`{& {eaqj }eme s`q` fe{ dqse{ ià{ rfhjqàfj{& nkfnm`{ f`{ sjq{eh`{ keh mn{k`s`knm`m& ` }q`rî{ mjf jpnsìnjh}e `sqesn`m'{e}t`qj ~ {jqrnkne{ mndn}`fj{.& f` k`s`kn}`knûh kjq}nk`m` ~ f` r`fnm`knûh mjwsjqnjhkn`< `{ keie i`h}jhjq jf dqse mj }qàòe {eaqj }jfj}qàòe ` h mqj`fn`q {djqjhkn`{ s`q` `fk`h`q h i`qke heqi`}nre ~ `minhn{}q`}nre p

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Jmk`knûh mj Se{dq`me‛Sqej{{neh`f Mjdqjj{?‡

) Nisfjijh}`knûh mj ‖sqej{{neh`f mjdqjj{’ jh Nhdjhnjq` mj [e}t`qj s`q``~m`q ` f` qjkehrjq{nûh mj qjkq{e{ `k}`fj{ ~ eqi`q h` hjr` k`s` mjfnmjq`de s`q` hj{}q` nhm{}qn`( Jojisfe{ mj k`qqjq`{ mj j{}`{ k`q`k}jq{)}nk`{ {eh jf I[J 'I`{}jq e [e}t`qj Jhdnhjjqnhd. mj K`qhjdnj Ijffeh ~ jfI[k Nhm( 'I`{}jq nh [e}t`qj Jhdnhjjqnhd eq Nhm{}q~. mj Nisjqn`f Keffjdjmj Fehmqj{(

Jmk`knûh mj Se{dq`me‛Mek}eq`me{?‡

) Sqeieknûh mj mek}eq`me{ keh eqnjh}`knûh jh Nhdjhnjq` mj [e}t`qj ` }q`rî{ mjajk`{ keisj}n}nr`{( Mjaj }jhjq{j jh kjh}` jf mnjqjhkn`f mj {jfme `f pj fe{mek}eq`hme{ sjmjh `kkjmjq keh h }qàòe jh nhm{}qn`( [n j{}j mnjqjhkn`f j{i~ {ndhnk`}nre keie jh f` `k}`fnm`m& mnknfijh}j {j sjm` eq}`fjkjq j{}j{jk}eq( [j a{k`q` m`q eqnjh}`knûh 'he jwkf~jh}j. ` fe{ }ji`{ ijhkneh`me{jh f` sqe{sjk}nr`(

J{kjf`{ mj Rjq`he jh Nhdjhnjq` mj [e}t`qj?‡

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) Nisfjijh}`q h` kehjqjhkn` `h`f eqnjh}`m` ` mek}eq`hme{ keh kq{e{mj h` {ji`h`& ajk`hme ` `fihe{ mj k`qqjq`{ mj }eme jf s`{( J{}e {j)q` {ninf`q ` f` jwn}e{` jwsjqnjhkn` mj f`{ j{kjf`{ S@R( [n jwn{}njq` h`nhnkn`}nr` ià{ ìsfn`& nisfjijh}`q h ‖}q`kl’ mj Nhdjhnjq` mj [e}t`qj(

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Beijh}`q jf mj{`qqeffe mj dqse{ mj nhrj{}nd`knûh ijmn`h}j {a{nmne{ pj aqnh)‡

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Beijh}`q f`{ `k}nrnm`mj{ mj }q`h{jqjhkn` mj }jkhefed` jh hnrjq{nm`mj{ 'j{}‡

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Beijh}`q jf nhdqj{e `f {n{}ji` knjh}ke }jkhefûdnke ` qjkq{e{ gi`he{ ke‡

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E}q`{ Nhnkn`}nr`{ j Nmj`{ Sqesj{}`{

Qef mjf J{}`me keie Beqi`meq mj f` Nhmz{}qn` ~ Keisq`meq mj ]jkhefedé`

]qàò`q keh f` EH]N 'Eknh` H`kneh`f mj ]jkhefed`{ mj f` Nheqi`knûh& mjsjh‡

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Beijh}`q pj jf J{}`me @qdjh}nhe keisqj‡ {e}t`qj mj nhm{}qn` h`kneh`f& ~ ke

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[za{nmne{ ` f` ‖kjq}nbk`knûh mj k`fnm`m’

Keh}nh`q jh f` fhj` `k}`f mj e}eqd`q `seq}j{ he qjjiaef{àfj{ ` jisqj{`‡

pj {nd`h iemjfe{ mj k`fnm`m ~ sjm`h mjie{}q`q gàjq kisfnme keh h gn}niseq}`h}j keie seq jojisfe h` ‖kjq}nk`knûh’ e {ninf`q(

Iemnbk`knehj{ ` f` Fj~ mj [e}t`qj

Beijh}`q f` kefàeq`knûh j nhrjq{nûh mnqjk}` jh kjh}qe{ hnrjq{n}`qne{ e mj nh‡

rj{}nd`knûh knjh}k` seq s`q}j mj f`{ jisqj{`{ ajhjkn`m`{ seq f` Fj~ mj[e}t`qj(

Nhkjh}nre{ ` f` keisq` mj ‖[e}t`qj @qdjh}nhe’

Beijh}`q pj jisqj{`{ `qdjh}nh`{ keisqjh ‖{e}t`qj `qdjh}nhe’( J{}j sjm‡

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Nhkjh}nre{ ` f` Nh{}`f`knûh mj Kjh}qe{ mj Nhrj{}nd`knûh ~ Mj{`qqeffe

[n anjh j{}e nmj`fijh}j mjajq` m`q{j }`h}e s`q` jisqj{`{ fek`fj{ keie jw}q`‡

ojq`{& f` }jhmjhkn` g`kn` f` kehkjh}q`knûh jh f` Nhm{}qn` mjf [e}t`qj g`kj p{j` ià{ qj`fn{}` sjh{`q jh `kjqme{ keh fe{ dq`hmj{ ‖ sf`~jq{ ’ mj f` nhm{}qs`q` pj& `mjià{ mj nh{}`f`q kjh}qe{ mj mj{`qqeffe jh f` @qdjh}nh` 'keie ~` gekqqnme keh EQ@KFJ seq jojisfe.& nh{}`fjh kjh}qe{ mj nhrj{}nd`knûh& pj semq`h }qàò`q jh eqi` kehoh}` keh f`{ hnrjq{nm`mj{ 'j{}e mjajq` qjf`kneh`q{keh fe{ ‖Kjh}qe{ mj Jwkjfjhkn`’ sqesj{}e{ `h}jqneqijh}j.(

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@mjià{ mj f`{ kjq}nk`knehj{ mj k`fnm`m s`q` jisqj{`{& j{ niseq}`h}j he sj‡

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Mj{mj f` sjq{sjk}nr` mj f` nhm{}qn`& f`{ nhnkn`}nr`{ qjf`kneh`m`{ keh j{}` }jià‡

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Nisf{`q f` nhrj{}nd`knûh jh àqj`{ r`k`h}j{? j{}` `kknûh {j j{}àfjkj ` s`q}nq mjf‡

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Keh}`q keh nh{}qijh}e{ mj h`hknìnjh}e `mjk`me{? f` }q`h{jqjhkn` mj }jk)‡

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Beke{ }jkhefûdnke{

[jdijh}`knûh ~ k`h}nk`knûh mj eaoj}e{ ~ }jw}q`{ jh niàdjhj{? jf sqeafji`‡

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Qjkehekninjh}e& nmjh}nk`knûh& j nh}jqsqj}`knûh `}eià}nk` mj niàdjhj{? jf qj)‡

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Iî}eme{ nh}jfndjh}j{ mj‡ }q`klnhd jh {jkjhkn`{ mj rnmje? jf }q`klnhd jh rnmje

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B{nûh ~ keqqjdn{}q`knûh if}nj{s`kn`f& if}n}jiseq`f& ~ if}niem`f? j{}j sqeafj)‡

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Qjhmjqnhd&‡ iemjfe{ mj nfinh`knûh& qj`fn{ie& ~ `hni`knûh? jf sqeafji` mjfqjhmjqnhd jh keis}`knûh dqàk` sjmj mjhnq{j keie jf mn{jðe mj j{}qk}q`{

mj m`}e{ ~ `fdeqn}ie{ pj sjqin}`h f` qjsqj{jh}`knûh rn{`f mj iemjfe{ djeiî}qnke{ mj fe{ eaoj}e{& ~ mjf }q`h{seq}j mj f jh f` {sjqknj mj fe{ in{ie{( F`hni`knûh `dqjd` ` j{}j sqeafji` f` mnijh{nûh }jiseq`f( Fe{ jojisfe{ mj j{}sqeafji` fe{ semjie{ jhkeh}q`q jh f` }jkhefed` mj keis}`knûh dqàk` 'ode{& rnmje{ mj `hni`knûh.& f` qj`fnm`m rnq}`f ~ ìjh}`m`& f` }jfjsqj{jhkn`& j}

Qjhmjqnhd mj refÿijhj{? jf‡ qjhmjqnhd jh iemjfe{ ;M {j mnjqjhkn` mjf qjhmjqnhjh keis}`knûh dqàk` seq jf gjkge mj pj {j a{k` qjsqj{jh}`q rn{`fijhm`}e{ refiî}qnke{ 'seq jojisfe? jf nh}jqneq mj eaoj}e{.& seq fe pj he {j jif`fj~j{ {nk`{ keheknm`{( Jf jojisfe ià{ niseq}`h}j mj j{}j sqeafji` j{ f` rn{`fn`knûh mj m`}e{ iîmnke{ '}eiedq``{& SJ]& K@]. mj i`hjq` }`f mj semjq qjsqj{jh}`q fe{ m`}e{ `mpnqnme{ keie h {ûfnme }q`{fÿknme pj sjqin}` `f j{sjkn`fn{q`mnûfede nmjh}nk`q ~ mn`dhe{}nk`q `sqesn`mìjh}j( Jojisfe{ {ninf`qj{ sjmj

jhkeh}q`q{j jh jf mn{jðe nhm{}qn`f& mehmj fe{ m`}e{ ` qjsqj{jh}`q sjmjh sqerhnq mj {nif`knehj{ keis}`kneh`fj{ mj f` sqesnjm`mj{ mj h eaoj}e 'seq jojisfe? f` }qafjhkn` mj h eaoj}e `jqemnhàinke jh h }ÿhjf mj rnjh}e rnq}`f.(

DSDSZ? {n anjh g`~ jh f` @qdjh}nh` dqse{ nhrj{}nd`hme f` sqedqì`knûh m‡

`qpn}jk}q`{ if}nkeqj& keis}`knûh dqnm& ~ kf{}jq mj keis}`meq`{& f`{ DSZ'Dq`sgnk Sqekj{{nhd Zhn}{. qjsqj{jh}`h jh f` `k}`fnm`m f` ijoeq `f}jqh`}nr` jke{}e ~ sqj{}`knehj{ s`q` jf kûis}e kehkqqjh}j ~ s`q`fjfe& {njhme j{}` }jhmjhkn` k`m` rj ià{ `kjh}`m`( Jf {e mj j{}j g`qmt`qj sesf`q s`q` {e{ knjh}ke{ {j kehekj keie DSDSZ 'Djhjq`f Sqse{j DSZ.& àqj` pj j{}à kehkn}`hme f` `}jhknûh mj h kqjknjh}j hÿijqe mj dqse{ mj nhrj{}nd`knûh nh}jqh`kneh`Jh}qj f`{ `sfnk`knehj{ mjf DSDSZ {j sjmj keh}`q f` {nif`knûh ~ iemjf`me j}njise qj`f mj dq`hmj{ j{}qk}q`{& f` qj{efknûh nh}jq`k}nr` mj sqeafji`{ hiîqnke{ mj dq`h keisfjonm`m& j}k(

Nh}jdq`knûh mj a`{j{ mj m`}e{ ;M 'djej{s`kn`fj{& iîmnk`{& j}k(. jh {nif`meqj‡

~ rn{`fn`meqj{? f`{ a`{j{ mj m`}e{ j{s`kn`fj{ 'djedqàk`{& iîmnk`{& j}k(. ei`h s`q}j kqjknjh}j mjf `k}nre mn{sehnafj s`q` {e{ ~ `sfnk`knehj{( Seq e}qe f`mef` }jkhefed` mj {nif`meqj{ 'mj rjfe& brn`fj{& mj sn{}`& j}k(. he g` }jhnme jkjh}` mj{mj { nhnkne f` se{nanfnm`m mj i`hjo`q{j mjh}qe mj }jqqjhe{ e jh}eqhepj he j{jh {nif`me{( F` nh}jdq`knûh mj j{}`{ me{ }jkhefed`{ sjqin}nqà j

}q`jq jf iàwnie sqerjkge mj k`m` h`& g`knjhme se{nafj jf mj{`qqeffe mj `sfnk`knehj{ g`{}` `geq` nisjh{`m`{(

Ie}neh k`s}zqj& g`s]NK& sen{j j{}ni`}neh ‡ ? j{}j sqeafji` sjmj mjhnq{j keiqj`fn`q f` k`s}q` mj nheqi`knûh dj{}`f e knhjià}nk` mj sjq{eh`{ eaoj}e{S`q` jffe {j kjh}` keh mn{se{n}nre{ j{sjkke{& e sjmjh mj{`qqeff`q{j iî}ememj k`s}q` a`{`me{ jh rn{nûh keis}`kneh`f 'ijhe{ jknjh}j{ sjqe mj ijheke{}e.( Jojisfe{ mj j{}` sqeafjià}nk` sjmjh jhkeh}q`q{j jh mjseq}efed` 'jh}qjhìnjh}e ~ jr`f`knûh mj mjseq}n{}`{.& ojde{ 'mj}jqinh`knûh mj {jkjhkn`mj ierninjh}e{ s`q` sjq{ehòj{.& keh}qef dj{}`f mj `sfnk`knehj{& j}k(

Mj{kqnsknûh mj f`{ àqj`{ mj `sfnk`knûh

[n{}ji`{ mj rn{nûh nhm{}qn`f?‡

) ]nse{ mj sqemk}e{ e ijqk`me?

/ Fek`fn`knûh mj eaoj}e{ iûrnfj{ jh sf`h}`{(

/ Mj}jkknûh mj `ff`{ jh fình`me{(

/ Iehn}eqje mj keia{}nûh jh `f}e{ geqhe{(/ Iehn}eqje jh geqhe{ mj kq`klnhd(

/ Iehn}eqje rn{`f mj k`fnm`m(

/ Nh{sjkknûh rn{`f mj s`qàqn{`{& qemìnjh}e{& s`q}j{ ijkàhnk`{(

) [}`ljgefmjq{ & kfnjh}j{& {jk}eqj{ nh}jqj{`me{?

/ Nhm{}qn` `}eie}qn(

/ @kjq`{ j nhm{}qn` ij}`fÿqdnk`(

/ Qjhjq`{ ~ `f}e{ geqhe{(

/ Bq}ngeq}kef`{(

/ Jisqj{`{ mj }q`h{seq}j jqqern`qne(

/ Nhm{}qn` mj `fnijh}e{(

Ojde{ j nhm{}qn` mjf jh}qj}jhninjh}e?‡


/ Sf`}èqi`{ mj {nif`knûh '`îqj`& h`r`f& j}k(.(

/ Fàeq`}eqne mj ie}neh k`s}zqj(

/ Sqedqì`knûh mj DSZ ~ Keis}`knûh mj i~ `f}` sjqeqi`hkj(

/ Qj`fnm`m rnq}`f e ìjh}`m`(

/ ]jfjsqj{jhkn`(

/ [snh)e mj sf`}èqi`{ ~ jhdnhj{(

/ Ez}{ezqknhd mj sqemk}e{(


/ Jisqj{`{ mj{`qqeff`meq`{ mj ojde{(

/ Jisqj{`{ mj mn{jðe nhm{}qn`f(



Fz{ 07 m e m 1303 {siè{ m deane AEFJ]NH EBNKN@F H¿ ;0(71; 1:

/ Mjseq}efed`(

/ J{}mne{ mj `qpn}jk}q`(

/ Jisqj{`{ mj }qn{ie(

/ BB@@& mjjh{`(

/ Jisqj{`{ seq}`qn`{(

/ @jqefhj`{(

]jfjmj}jkknûh ~ DN[?‡

) ]nse{ mj sqemk}e{ e ijqk`me?/ Iehn}eqje nh}jfndjh}j keh niàdjhj{ mj {jh{`me qjie}e(

/ [jh{eqj{ Nhq`qqeoe{(

/ K`q}edq`` ~ k`}`{}qe mndn}`f(

/ Djem`}à`{j{ ~ Djern{`fn`knûh(

/ Iehn}eqje nh}jfndjh}j keh {n{}ji`{ jiajanme{(


/ [jk}eq sÿafnke 'ihnkns`fnm`mj{& {jkqj}`q`{& inhn{}jqne{.(

/ EHD½{(

/ Jisqj{`{ mj iehn}eqje(

/ Keis`ð`{ mj {jdqe{(

/ Jisqj{`{ `{ekn`m`{ ` f` nhm{}qn` mjf sj}qûfje(

/ Nh{}n}}e{ mj nhrj{}nd`knûh(

/ Jisqj{`{ mj {jqrnkne{ mj k`q}edq``(

/ Jisqj{`{ mj }q`h{seq}j& dj{}nûh ~ fed{}nk`(

Niàdjhj{ Iîmnk`{?‡


/ Q`mnefed` keis}`kneh`f(

/ Mn`dhû{}nke seq niàdjhj{ ~ mn`dhû{}nke `{n{}nme seq keis}`meq`(

/ Iemjf`me `h`}ûinke ;M(

/ Sf`hnk`knûh pnqÿqdnk`(

/ Mn{jðe mj sqû}j{n{(


/ Nh{}n}}e{ mj mn`dhû{}nke seq niàdjhj{(

/ [jqrnkne{ mj niàdjhj{ ~ q`mnefed` jh ge{sn}`fj{(

/ Nh{}n}}e{ mj nhrj{}nd`knûh iîmnk`(

/ [`fm sÿafnk`(

/ Sqej{neh`fj{ q`mnûfede{(

Rnmje Mndn}`f ~ [n{}ji`{ mj Iehn}eqje?‡


/ @sfnk`knehj{ mj rnmje seq NS(

/ ]jfjrn{nûh mndn}`f(

/ ]jfjsqj{jhkn`(

/ Jhkqns}`knûh(

/ T`}jqi`qlnhd(

/ Keisqj{nûh(

/ ]q`klnhd j nmjh}nk`knûh(

) [}`ljgefmjq{& kfnjh}j{& {jk}eqj{ nh}jqj{`me{?

/ Jisqj{`{ mj }qn{ie rnq}`f(

/ Jisqj{`{ djhjq`meq`{ mj keh}jhnme{(

/ Mj{`qqeff`meqj{ mj ojde{(

/ Jisqj{`{ mj rndnf`hkn` ~ {jdqnm`m(

RNN( N( [e}t`qj Jiajanme

@qj`{ kqé}nk`{

Zh `{sjk}e niseq}`h}j {jqà f` ìsfn`knûh mj f`{ k`s`knm`mj{ `k`mîink`{ ` hnrjf‡

mj mek}eq`me qj`fn`me{ }`h}e ` hnrjf fek`f keie nh}jqh`kneh`f jh }ji`{ mj iemj)

f`me& {nh}j}n`me ~ rjqnk`knûh mj `qpn}jk}q`{ ~ {n{}ji`{ iemf`qj{& ij}emefed`{ mj {e}t`qj eqnjh}`m`{ ` {n{}ji`{ jiajanme{& gjqqìnjh}`{ mj nh}jdq`knûmj {n{}ji`{ keisfjoe{& {n{}ji`{ mj }njise qj`f& `qpn}jk}q`{ qjkehdqàfjke)mn{jðe g`qmt`qj%{e}t`qj% {n{}ji` ~ keihnk`knehj{& jh}qj e}q`{ àqj`{ mnh}jqî{( S`q` jffe qj{f}` hjkj{`qn` f` kqj`knûh mj j{s`kne{ mj }qàòe if}nmn{ksfnh`q jh f`{ hnrjq{nm`mj{ j nh{}n}}e{ mj nhrj{}nd`knûh keh dqse{ sqerjhnjh}jmj f`{ knjhkn`{ j nhdjhnjq` mj g`qmt`qj ~ {e}t`qj keh h` nhq`j{}qk}q` mjpnsìnjh}e mj `r`h`m`(

RNN( O( Inkqe H`hejfjk}qûhnk`

@qj`{ kqé}nk`{

Bnh`hkn`q h sqedqì` mj eqi`knûh mj I`j{}q`{ ~ Mek}eqj{& keh f` bjwnanfnm`‡

`mjk`m` s`q` f` kehkqjknûh mj fe{ eaoj}nre{ mj{j`me{& keh}jisf`hme f` eqi`knûh jh jf jw}jqneq(

Keisfj}`q f` eqi`knûh mjf Nh{}n}}e mj Mn{jðe keh h` j{}qk}q` djedqàk` mn{‡

}qnanm`( D`q`h}n`q jf h`hknìnjh}e s`q` f` ea}jhknûh mj fnkjhkn`{ keijqkn`fj~ {jqrnkne{ mj àqnk`knûh(

Kqj`q h sqedqì` j{sjkn`f pj h`hknj fe{ sj{}e{ mj fe{ j{sjkn`fn{}`{ djhjq‡

me{ jh jisqj{`{ }jkhefûdnk`{ jwn{}jh}j{ ~ jh hjre{ jisqjhmninjh}e{(

Beijh}`q f` nh{}`f`knûh mj ; jisqj{`{ jw}q`hojq`{ keh jq}j{ fè{ ` fe{ sqe‡

~jk}e{ mj djhjq`knûh mj qjkq{e{ gi`he{ ~ j{}àfjkninjh}e mj mj{`qqeffe }jhefûdnke jh f` @qdjh}nh`(

Mj{`qqeffe mj f` nhm{}qn` mj sqesnjm`m nh}jfjk}`f jh mn{jðe mj knqkn}e{ nh}jdq`‡

me{ 'inkqejfjk}qûhnk` ~ h`hejfjk}qûhnk`.

Beke{ }jkhefûdnke{

Mj{`qqeffe mj {e}t`qj `{ekn`me s`q` mn{jðe ~ rjqnk`knûh 'JM@K@M.(‡

Mj{`qqeffe mj f` nhm{}qn` mj {jqrnkne mj mn{jðe(‡

Ijoeq`{ jh f` keisj}n}nrnm`m mj f` nhm{}qn` jfjk}qûhnk` h`kneh`f ~ mj{`qqeffe m‡

f` nhm{}qn` mj r`feq `dqjd`me a`{`m` jh se{})sqekj{ìnjh}e mj knqkn}e{ nh}jdq`me{ 'mehmj jf inkqekgns {j mn{jð` fek`fijh}j& {j jhk`qd` ` àaqnk`{ jq` mf` @qdjh}nh`& ~ {j `sfnk`h s`{e{ mj sqekj{ìnjh}e se{}jqneq jh jf s`{. s`q` {nh}jdq`knûh gaqnm` keh?

) J{}qk}q`{ IJI[(

) H`he}ae{ ~ h`hes`q}kf`{(

) Inkqebmnk`(

) @kkneh`me}j{ mj QB ~ mj se}jhkn`< s`q` `sfnk`knehj{ jh?

/ Aneijmnknh`(

/ Iehn}eqje ìanjh}`f(

/ @dqnkf}q` ~ d`h`mjq`(

/ Jhjqd`(Mj{`qqeffe mj Jfjk}qûhnk` he)kehrjhkneh`f 'seq jojisfe& sfà{}nk`.(‡

Mj{`qqeffe mj f` k`mjh` mj r`feq keisfj}`& mn{jðe ~ àqnk`knûh mj knqkn}e‡

nh}jdq`me{(

RNN( L( Jmk`knûh K`sn}`f Gi`he

@qj`{ kqé}nk`{

Nh}jdq`knûh mj ]NK jh f` Jmk`knûh?‡

) {j qjkeinjhm` mj{`qqeff`q sqedqì`{ mj `se~e ` f`{ sqernhkn`{ s`q` eqi`fn`sf`hj{ mj nh}jdq`knûh mj ]NK jh f` kqqkf`( J{}e{ sqedqì`{ {j sjmjh mj{`qqeff`q jh r`qn`{ iem`fnm`mj{?

Nhrj{}nd`knûh {eaqj f` nh}jdq`knûh mj ]NK?‡

) Ijmn`h}j f` qj`fn`knûh mj snfe}e{ pj sjqin}`h jwsjqnijh}`q ~ sehjq ` shmn{se{n}nre{ mj nh}jqrjhknûh nh{}n}kneh`f( J{}` ijmnm` {j sjmj qj`fn`q keh j{eseq}j kehoh}e mj fe{ Inhn{}jqne{ mj Jmk`knûh ~ mj Knjhkn`& ]jkhefed`

Nhher`knûh Sqemk}nr`(F` eqi`knûh mekjh}j jh ]NK?‡

) @k}`fn`q f`{ kqqnkf`{ mj fe{ sqej{eq`me{ ~ àqnq j{s`kne{ mj nhher`knûh jf` sqàk}nk` mekjh}j(

Jf mj{è mjf `kkj{e?‡

) Mj{`qqeff`q ij}`{ mj kehjwnûh ~ jpnsìnjh}e {{}jh}àfj{ jh jf }njise(

Mj{`qqeffe mj J{}àhm`qj{?‡

) Mj{mj jf Inhn{}jqne mj Jmk`knûh `se~`q f` dj{}nûh mj fe{ inhn{}jqne{ sqernhkn`fj{ kqj`hme j{}àhm`qj{ mj keisj}jhkn`{ ]NK s`q` mekjh}j{(

Beqi`knûh s`q` jf }qàòe keh ]NK

J{kjf` ijmn` nh}jdq`m`{ ` f`{ ]NK?‡

) Nhkeqseq`q ` f`{ ]NK keie gjqqìnjh}` mj sqjs`q`knûh s`q` jf }qàòe jh }em`f`{ j{sjkn`fnm`mj{ mj f` j{kjf` ijmn`( S`q` aqnhm`q ` fe{ `fihe{ h` eqi`




knûh s`q` jf }qàòe keh jf meinhne mj gjqqìnjh}`{ nheqià}nk`{ s`q` }nfn`q jheks`knehj{ he nheqià}nk`{(

) Qjher`knûh ~ qjsf`h}je mj f`{ kqqnkf`{ mj f` j{kjf` ijmn` pj nhkeqseqj `fe{ ‖hjre{’ ekne{ ~ fe{ sjqfj{ gaqnme{(

]jqkn`qne{ nh}jdq`me{ ` f`{ ]NK?

) Nhkeqseq`q ` f`{ ]NK keie gjqqìnjh}` mj sqjs`q`knûh s`q` jf }qàòe(

) Z{e mj ]NK jh }em`{ f`{ }jkhnk`}q`{ pj {j sjm`h ajhjkn`q mj }nfn`qf`{(

Keihnk`knûh?

) Mj{`qqeff`q sf`hj{ mj keihnk`knûh ` h mj pj f` `mnjhkn` oerjh sjqkna` f`mnjqjhkn` mj nhdqj{`q jh f` nhm{}qn` [[N ~ g`d` }`hdnafj ajhjkne{(

Knjhkn` ~ ]jkhefed`?

) Kehjk}`q ` f` j{kjf` ijmn` keh f` `f}` }jkhefed`& jh s`q}nkf`q keh nhrj{}nd`)meqj{ hnrjq{n}`qne{(

Beqi`knûh s`q` f` Nh{jqknûh fàeq`f?

) Nh}jh{nk`q fe{ sqedqì`{ mj `se~e ` f`{ sqernhkn`{ s`q` f` eqi`knûh mj }îkhn)ke{ [[N& ijmn`h}j f` eqi`knûh jw}q`kqqnkf`q jh {jkhm`qne{ ~ fe{ kq{e{ mjeqi`knûh sqej{neh`f(

Beqi`knûh s`q` jf }qàòe jh ]NK

Mj{`qqeff`q f` J{kjf` ]îkhnk` jh Nheqià}nk` jh }eme{ fe{ mn{}qn}e{ mj f`‡

@qdjh}nh`?

) [n anjh f` J] jh Nheqià}nk` ~` jwn{}j he }njhj f` mnijh{nûh jh k`h}nm`m mj j{)}àfjkninjh}e{ pj mjajq` s`q` ò{}`q{j ` f`{ hjkj{nm`mj{ mj f` {eknjm`m(J{ hjkj{`qne eq}`fjkjq f`{ ejq}`{ `k}`fj{ `k}`fn`hme ~ eqi`hme ` fe{ me)

kjh}j{& eijh}`hme { rnhkf`knûh keh jf {jk}eq& ijoeq`hme { jpnsìnjh}e&sqjeksàhme{j seq ijoeq`q f` mnmàk}nk` mj kehkjs}e{ keisfjoe{ keie f` sqe)dqì`knûh& ~ `dqjd`hme ejq}`{ jh eh`{ pj k~`{ kehmnknehj{ {eknejkehû)ink`{ f`{ qjpnjq`h e hjr`{ j{sjkn`fnm`mj{ pj r`~`h {qdnjhme(

@k}`fn`knûh ~ qjsf`h}je mj kqqkf`{?‡

) @k}`fn`knûh ~ qjsf`h}je mj fe{ sqedqì`{ mj j{}mne ` h mj `kjqk`qfe{ ` f`sqàk}nk` fàeq`f(

Keihnk`knûh?‡

) Mj{`qqeff`q sf`hj{ mj keihnk`knûh ` h mj pj f` `mnjhkn` oerjh sjqkna` f`mnjqjhkn` mj nhdqj{`q jh f` nhm{}qn` [[N ~ g`d` }`hdnafj ajhjkne{(

Ajk`{ keisfj}`{?‡

) Sqedqì` nh}jh{nre mj ajk`{ pj j{}nifj jf j{}mne mj ]NK jh fe{ {jk}eqj{ijhe{ `reqjknme{(

Mj{jqknûh ~ mj{dq`hìnjh}e?‡

) Sqedqì` mj `se~e s`q` jrn}`q f` mj{jqknûh ~ jf mj{dq`hìnjh}e jh f`{ k`qqj)q`{ mj nheqià}nk`(

Bfjwnanfn`knûh mj sf`hj{?‡

) Kqj`knûh mj }}fe{ nh}jqijmne{& qjmkknûh mj `ðe{ mj k`qqjq`{ mj dq`me(

RNN( F( Nhher`knûh

@qj`{ kqé}nk`{

Kqj`q jf ianjh}j mj hjdekne{ fqjmjmeq mj f`{ hnrjq{nm`mj{? f`{ jisqj{`{‡ {}`q}zs ]NK {eh f`{ pj ijoeq qjÿhjh f`{ k`q`k}jq{}nk`{ ie}qnkj{ s`q` f` nhher`knûh }jkhe)fûdnk`? f` nmjh}nk`knûh mj hjre{ ijqk`me{ ~ }jkhefed`{ herjme{`{& bjwnanfnm`mj{}qk}q`f& k`s`knm`m mj nh}jdq`knûh mj }`fjh}e& sqjmn{se{nknûh f qnj{de ~ rek`knûhmj {sjq`knûh( J{}`{ jisqj{`{ djhjq`fijh}j h`kjh kjqk` mj àian}e{ hnrjq{n}`)qne{ s`q` fe k`f j{ hjkj{`qne kqj`q fe{ ianjh}j{ sqesnkne{ j nh{}n}kneh`fn me{(

Beijh}`q f` nhrj{}nd`knûh `sfnk`m` kìan`hme fe{ {n{}ji`{ mj jr`f`knûh mj fe{‡

nhrj{}nd`meqj{? {n anjh jf ajh s`sjq kehmkj ` f` }q`h{jqjhkn`& j{ knjq}e s`q`fe{ s`{j{ kjh}q`fj{ ~ he {j }q`}` mj h` qjdf` djhjq`f s`q` s`{j{ sjqnîqnke{( Jh

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Bnh`hkn`knûh mj f` nhher`knûh? j{}j }ji` j{ niseq}`h}j he {efe s`q` sqeiekneh`q‡

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Jmk`knûh g`kn` f` nhher`knûh ~ jf jisqjhmjmqn{ie? jf jisqjhmjmeqn{ie j{‡

hjkj{`qne seqpj f`{ hjr`{ jisqj{`{ pj g`d`h N,M iemjqhe h`kjh mj j{)

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@se~e ` f` nh}jqh`kneh`fn`knûh mj jisqj{`{? seqpj f`{ jisqj{`{ pj g`kj‡

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@qj`{ kqé}nk`{

Qjfjr`q f`{ àqj`{ mj j{sjkn`fn`knûh ~ mj ‖r`k`hkn`’ pj {j mjajq`h mj{`qqeff`‡

jh fe{ sqûwnie{ `ðe{< jf dq`me mj mj{`qqeffe mjf lhet)get ~ mj fe{ qjkq{e{ g

i`he{ jh f`{ àqj`{ jfjdnm`{< jf hnrjf mj f` nhq`j{}qk}q` mj jpnse{(

@{n{}nq jh f` eqi`knûh mj qjmj{ mj sqej{neh`fj{ jws`}qn`me{ '~` jqeh ijh‡

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Qj`fn`q jrjh}e{ sh}`fj{ jh jf jw}jqneq s`q` eijh}`q jf‡ hj}teqlnhd jh}qj feinjiaqe{ mj f` mnà{seq` sqej{neh`f `qdjh}nh` jh jf jw}q`hojqe ~ s`q` sqeierjq sf`}èqi`( Mj{`qqeff`q k`{e{ jwn}e{e{ mj f` @qdjh}nh` jh jf {jk}eq mj f`{ ]NK jeqi` mj sqemk}e{ 'fnaqe{& `mnern{`fj{ s`q` ie{}q`q jh jrjh}e{.(

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jh f` sqeieknûh mj f`{ nhnkn`}nr`{ mj f` mnà{seq` `qdjh}nh`(

Mj{`qqeff`q sef}nk`{ mj sqeieknûh mj f` Sqesnjm`m Nh}jfjk}`f s`q` `keq}`q ‡

aqjkg` jh}qj f` @qdjh}nh` ~ jf ihme( Mj{`qqeff`q sjh}j{ jh}qj jf jisqjhmjme~ fe{ kjh}qe{ mj }q`h{jqjhkn` }jkhefûdnk` 'sqnhkns`fijh}j f`{ hnrjq{nm`mj{.& jfe{ eqd`hn{ie{ sÿafnke{ ~ jh f`{ jisqj{`{ ~ sjpjðe{ jisqjhmninjh}e{(

Qjfjrìnjh}e jh kjh}qe{ mj jwkjfjhkn` jh }jkhefed`( Zhnrjq{nm`mj{& fàeq`}‡

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Ijoeq`q f`{ eknh`{ mj }q`h{jqjhkn` mj }jkhefed` pj he j{}àh eqnjh}`m`{ ‡

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Mj{`qqeff`q ià{ nhkjh}nre{ s`q` s`}jh}`q& pj {ij ià{ sh}e{ jh f` k`qqjq` m‡

nhrj{}nd`meq h` s`}jh}j jh fd`q mj h s`sjq s`q` `~m`q ` qj{efrjq jf mnfjijh}qj safnk`q ~ s`}jh}`q {ndj {njhme i~ jq}j(

Mj{`qqeff`q sef}nk`{ mj }q`h{jqjhkn` mj }jkhefed`( F` djhjq`knûh mj qnpj`‡

keie h` eafnd`knûh mj f` knjhkn` aà{nk`( I`~eq qjq`knehìnjh}e jh}qj f` knjhkaà{nk` ~ f` `sfnk`m`& {eaqj }eme s`q` f` ane}jkhefed` ià{ pj s`q` f`{ ]NK(

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Jh f` @qdjh}nh`& ~ jh jf ffì`me ‖]jqkjq Ihme’& f`{ ]NK he g`h kisfnme f`{ sqei{`{ mj jpnm`m ~ mj{`qqeffe eqif`m`{ ‛s`q}nkf`qijh}j seq fe{ eqd`hn{ie{ if}nf`}jqfj{‛ g`kj h s`q mj mîk`m`{& ià{ anjh f` ‖aqjkg` mndn}`f’ {j g` ìsfn`me g`kn` jf jw}jqne~ `f nh}jqneq& `f keisà{ mjf kqjkninjh}e mj f` mj{nd`fm`m ~ f` nho{}nkn`(

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@aeqm`q j{}`{ kj{}nehj{ j{ kehmnknûh {nhj pz` heh s`q` keh{jdnq djhjq`q fe{ kehekninjh}e{& qj{f}`me{& {efknehj{& qjkq{e{ gi`he{& i`qke fjd`f& j}k(& hjkj{`qne{ s`semjq `sqerjkg`q f` eseq}hnm`m `h}j{ ijhkneh`m`(




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S`q` fedq`qfe j{ hjkj{`qne?

J{}nif`q sqnhkns`fijh}j f` nhrj{}nd`knûh jh f` ‖sh}`’ mj f` knjhkn` ~ f` }jkhe)‡

fed`& s`q` `fk`h`q jf ijoeq hnrjf ihmn`f jh j{sjkn`fn`knehj{ keisj}n}nr`{ jhàqj`{ ‖kf`rj’ '07.& j{}q`}îdnk`{ ~ rnàfj{ jh }îqinhe{ knjh}ke{& }îkhnke{ ~ jisqj){`qn`fj{& `se~àhme{j jh f`{ k`s`knm`mj{ fek`fj{& f` keesjq`knûh nh}jqh`kneh`f&f`{ eseq}hnm`mj{ mj ijqk`me fek`f j nh}jqh`kneh`f& `{ keie jf ‛ikg`{ rjkj{

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Sqeierjq f` eqi`knûh mj qjkq{e{ gi`he{ k`s`kj{ mj ffjr`q mjf`h}j f`{ fhj`{‡

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Jf J{}`me& jh }eme{ {{ hnrjfj{& mjaj nh}jqrjhnq jwsfkn}ìjh}j he {efìjh}j jh‡

{ qef mj sqerjjmeq mj jmk`knûh ~ mj h`hkn{}` mj knjhkn` ~ }jkhefed`( Qj{f}`nisqj{knhmnafj pj }nfnkj { jheqij semjq mj mji`hm` s`q` eqnjh}`q ~ h`hkn`qsqe~jk}e{ j{}q`}îdnke{ ~ keisfjoe{ jh àqj`{ kf`rj{ pj djhjqjh mj{è{ i`~e)qj{ s`q` jf {jk}eq knjh}ke ~ f`{ jisqj{`{ mj }jkhefed`( Seq knjq}e& jf mj{`qqeffemj f`{ àqj`{ }jkhefûdnk`{ ~ mj `sfnk`knûh sqesj{}`{ jh j{}j nheqij qjpnjqjhmj h` s`q}nkns`knûh sqe}`dûhnk` mjf J{}`me(

Nh}jqh`kneh`fn`q jisqj{`{ ~ kjh}qe{ mj N,M( J{}e j{& g`kjqfe{ keisj}n}nre{ `‡

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Beijh}`q f` kqj`knûh mj hjr`{ jisqj{`{ ~ kf{}jq{ }jkhefûdnke{ `{ keie se)‡

}jhkn`q fe{ jwn{}jh}j{& {eaqj f` a`{j mj ijoeq`q f` keisj}n}nrnm`m ~ f` j{sjkn`fn`)knûh& sqeiernjhme `k}nrìjh}j f` `{ekn`knûh jh}qj jf {jk}eq knjh}ke)}îkhnke ~jmk`}nre keh jf {jk}eq sqnr`me& mj{}nh`hme {a{nmne{ ~ fhj`{ mj kqîmn}e{ `kkj){nafj{ s`q` jffe( J{ i~ niseq}`h}j `se~`q f` kqj`knûh mj {snh e{ ` s`q}nq mj f`{hnrjq{nm`mj{ ~ kjh}qe{ knjh}ke{(

Kìan`q f` kf}q` mj f` jr`f`knûh knjh}k` ~ }jkhefûdnk`& keh{n{}jh}jijh}j‡

keh f` aÿ{pjm` mjf kìane mj s`q`mndi`(

Nhrjq}nq fe{ qjkq{e{ hjkj{`qne{ s`q` jf `hàfn{n{& sf`hnk`knûh& sqeieknûh ~‡

sqe{sjkknûh jh knjhkn` ~ }jkhefed`& ~ {e{}jhjq fe{ sf`hj{ ~ jpnse{ jh jf}njise(

J{}àfjkjq& sqnrnfjdn`q ~ {e{}jhjq sqedqì`{ mj N,M if}nmn{knsfnh`qne{ eqnjh}`)‡

me{ ` f`{ j{sjkn`fn`knehj{ {jfjkkneh`m`{( He s`q}nq mj f` ‖ejq}` knjh}k`’ {nhe

sqnhkns`fijh}j mj f` mji`hm` mj kehekninjh}e{ ~ {efknehj{ qjpjqnm`{ seq f`{j{sjkn`fn`knehj{(

Djhjq`q fe{ ijk`hn{ie{ jjk}nre{ ~ jknjh}j{ s`q` a{k`q& jhkeh}q`q ~ `se~`q‡

sqe~jk}e{& jisqj{`{& jpnse{& sjq{eh`{& qjdnehj{ nhher`meq`{( He j{ qèhàfj`se{}`q }eme{ fe{ qjkq{e{ ` ‖kehkq{e{ ànjq}e{ ~ }q`h{s`qjh}j{’& hn ` kehrek`)}eqn`{ {eaqj }ji`{ djhjq`fj{(

Djhjq`q f`{ kehmnknehj{& j nh}jqrjhnq jq }jijh}j mj{mj jf J{}`me& s`q` f` kqj`knûh‡

~ {e{}jhninjh}e mj h ijqk`me mj k`sn}`f mj qnj{de eqnjh}`me ` f` }jkhefed`(

@mes}`q sef}nk`{ `k}nr`{ jh k`h}e ` fe{ mjqjkge{ mj sqesnjm`m nh}jfjk}`f& }`h}e‡

jh jf eqmjh fek`f keie jh fe{ àian}e{ qjdneh`fj{ j nh}jqh`kneh`fj{(

Mj{`qqeff`q `kknehj{ jjk}nr`{ ~ jknjh}j{ mj mnrfd`knûh& sqeieknûh j nh{jqknûh‡

mj f` }jkhefed` jh f` {eknjm`m( B`reqjkjq f` }nfn`knûh sqemk}nr` ~ j{}nif`q f`mji`hm` mj }jkhefed`(

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f`{ ]NK( Jh keh{jkjhkn`& j{ hjkj{`qne qj`fn`q j{jqe{ j{sjkke{ s`q` `{jdq`pj }eme{ sjm`h `mpnqnq f`{ hjkj{`qn`{ keisj}jhkn`{ mndn}`fj{ jh f` {eknjm`m mj nheqi`knûh `{ keie `sqjhmjq ~ mj{`qqeff`q e}q`{ keisj}jhkn`{ kf`rj{ ` }q`rî{ mj f`]NK s`q` { s`q}nkns`knûh sfjh` jh f` {ek njm`m(

F` eqif`knûh mj fe{ eaoj}nre{ mjf `sqjhmnòj jh j{}` mnqjkknûh {eh sqjkehmnknehj{ j{jhkn`fj{ s`q` f` nhkf{nûh& anjhj{}`q ~ îwn}e nhmnrnm`f ~ kefjk}nre jh f` {eknjm`mjf kehekninjh}e(

F`{ ]NK jf `sqjhmnòj

Jh h` mnqjkknûh keisfjijh}`qn`& ikg`{ herjme{`{ `sfnk`knehj{ mj f`{ ]NK `sqjhmnòj {j }nfn`h ~ semq`h {jq jisfj`me{ jh fe{ }qe{ ìanjh}j{ jmk`}nre{seq j{}` r` j{ se{nafj keh}qnanq djhjq`q ijoeqj{ sqekj{e{ mj sqjhmnòj& mnjqjh}jià{ nh}jqj{`h}j{& jh}qj}jhnme{& `}q`k}nre{ ~ ià{ qjfjr`h}j{ pj fe{ mj ge~ jh m`( [}q`}` hmìjh}`fijh}j mj `sqjhmnòj{ a`{`me{ jh f` jwsjqnjhkn` ` }q`rî{ mj ‖nhij{nûh’ jh ihme{ rnq}`fj{& `sqjhmnòj jwsjqnijh}`f r` {nif`knehj{ djhjq`m`{ sekeis}`meq`{& ‖sjm`dednk rjnf{’ 'j{ mjknq& sqemk}e{ pj jh{jð`h keie {j fe{ {`~ eaoj}e{ sjm`dûdnke{ mj `sqjhmnòj< `se~e s`q` sjq{eh`{ keh hjkj{nm`mj{ j{sj



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Jf se}jhkn`f mj j{}e{ {n{}ji`{ j{ jheqij& {nh jia`qde& {jqàh sfjhìjh}j jjk}n)re{ {efìjh}j {n {j fe{ nhkeqseq` ` h` rn{nûh mjf `sqjhmnòj jh jf }qe pj }eij jhkjh}` f` i`qkg` g`kn` h` {eknjm`m mjf kehekninjh}e mndn}`fn`m` ~ jh qjm& jh f` k`fpnjh sqjhmj mjaj {jq h sqemk}eq jh jf sqekj{e ~ he {nisfjijh}j h qjkjs}eq mj fe{keh}jhnme{ mjf `sqjhmnòj< jh f` pj {j mjajh keianh`q bjwnanfnm`m& ìndànfnm`m ~ mn)jqjh}j{ j{}nfe{ mndn}`fj{ mj jh{jð`h`)`sqjhmnòj< ~& h`fijh}j& mehmj jf sqjhmnòj{j kehkqj}` keie h sqekj{e {ekn`f ~ he h` `k}nrnm`m nhmnrnm`f {nh nh{}qk}eq& djhjq`)m` seq h` keis}`meq`( ‖F`{} a} he} fj`{}’ & j{ hjkj{`qne qjn}jq`q pj }`f se}jhkn`f }jk)hefûdnke {efìjh}j sjmj sfnk`q{j keh îwn}e {n r` keis`ð`me seq fe{ nhmn{sjh{àfj{kìane {ekn`fj{ j nh{}n}kneh`fj{ `h}j{ ijhkneh`me{(

Zh` keh}q`mnkknûh eaoj}nr` meinh`qà {jdqìjh}j jf sqekj{e mj }q`h{nknûh g`kn`f`{ hjr`{ eqi`{ mj sqjhmnòj& ~ j{ se{nafj pj j{}j sqekj{e {j` keisfjoe ~ sqeafj )ià}nke? jf kìane }jkhefûdnke j{ qàsnme ~ sfjhe mj eseq }hnm`mj{ sjqe }ìanîh nisqj)mjknafj ~ ffjhe mj nhkjq}nmiaqj{< jh }`h}e f` sjm`ded` ~ f`{ nh{}n}knehj{ jmk`}nr`{qjpnjqjh mj j{}ànfnm`m ~ kjq}nmiaqj s`q` sqerjjq k`fnm`m ~ jpnm`m jh jmk`knûh(

J{}` {n}`knûh kqj` }jh{nehj{ pj mnkf}`h he}eqnìjh}j jf mn{jðe j nisfjijh}`)knûh mjf kìane jh jf àian}e mj f` jmk`knûh nh{}n}kneh`fn`m`& ~ qji`qk` f` niseq}`h)kn` mj qjkehekjq ~ }jhjq jh kjh}` pj f` }jkhefed` sjq {j& }`h semjqe{` keie s`qjkj&he sjmj kìan`q f`{ ke{`{(

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F`{ nh{}n}knehj{ ~ f`{ sjq{eh`{ he {eh nhgjqjh}jijh}j ge{}nfj{ f kìane& sjqe mj)ajh jwn{}nq nhkjh}nre{ {knjh}j{ s`q` pj jf kìane {j` fe {knjh}jijh}j `}q`k}nre(

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Fe{ nh{}qk}eqj{ mjajh `sqjhmjq ` jh{jð`q mj i`hjq` mnjqjh}j jh }`h}e jf `sqjh)mnòj {j rjfrj k`m` rj ià{ bjwnafj& mnhàinke ~ sjq{eh`fn`me(

F` `djhm` mj nhrj{}nd`knûh mj{`qqeffe

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Jf qef ~ f` keh}qnaknûh mj f`{ ]NK jh qjf`knûh keh fe{ eaoj}nre{ mjf `sqjhmnòj‡

mjf }qe(

Jf nis`k}e mj f`{ ]NK {eaqj jf kehekninjh}e ~ f`{ gànfnm`mj{ kedhn}nr`{(‡

F`{ qjf`knehj{ jh}qj‡ j)nmjh}nm`m & `}ej{}ni`& sqnr`knm`m ~ `sqjhmnòj(

Jf sqjhmnòj keh}nhe fe f`qde mj f` rnm` ~ f`{ hjr`{ eqi`{ mj sqjhmnòj‡

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F` qjf`knûh jh}qj f`{ hjr`{ eqi`{ mj `sqjhmnòj a`{`m`{ jh f`{ ]NK ~ f`‡

nhkf{nûh {ekn`f(

Seq e}q` s`q}j& f` nhrj{}nd`knûh }jkhefûdnk` mjajq` j{}`q qjf`kneh`m` keh f`{ hj)r`{ eqi`{ ~ keh}jhnme{ mjf `sqjhmnòj ijmn`me{ seq f`{ ]NK?

Nh}jq`{j{ ~ keh}jhnme{ s`q` `sqjhmnòj nh}n}nre ~ bjwnafj(‡

Keianh`knûh mj ìanjh}j{ s`q` `sqjhmnòj {nke{ ~ rnq}`fj{(‡

Keh}jhnme{ ‖{jh{nafj{ f keh}jw}e’(‡

Mn{se{n}nre{& keihnk`knehj{ ~ {e}t`qj s`q` `sqjhmjq ‖jh k`fpnjq fd`q& jh‡

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J{}` {n}`knûh nhkf~j jh sqnijq fd`q h jwìjh sqehme mj f`{ kqqkf`{ ~ fe{ijk`hn{ie{ mj jr`f`knûh ~ `kqjmn}`knûh& `{ keie h` aÿ{pjm` s`q` nmjh}nk`q fe{`djh}j{ mj kìane ~ fe{ se}jhkn`fj{ fmjqj{& ~ `h`fn`q f`{ j{}qk}q`{ nh{}n}kneh`fj{s`q` `m`s}`qf`{ ` f`{ hjr`{ hjkj{nm`mj{ qjf`kneh`m`{ ` djhjq`q ikg`{ eseq}hnm`)mj{ s`q` ià{ ~ ijoeq `sqjhmnòj& jmk`knûh ~ jh}qjhìnjh}e jh f` {eknjm`m a`{`m`jh jf kehekninjh}e(

Kìane [ekn`f& Jmk`knûh ]NK

F` rnaq`h}j }q`h{eqi`knûh {eknejkehûink` pj r` m`hme fd`q `f h`kninjh}e mj f`{eknjm`m mjf kehekninjh}e }jhmqà h nis`k}e i~ sqehme jh f`{ nh{}n}knehj{ jmk`)}nr`{ ~ jh fe{ sqekj{e{ mj `sqjhmnòj(

F`{ }jkhefed`{ mj f` nheqi`knûh ~ f`{ keihnk`knehj{ j{}`qàh ià{ ~ ià{ nh}jdq`m`{ ` f` rnm` mn`qn` mj f`{ sjq{eh`{( Fe{ }qàò`meqj{ ~ j{}mn`h}j{ {`qàh f`{ ]Nkeie jw}jh{nehj{ h`}q`fj{ mj { kedhnknûh& ~ f` fhj` mnrn{eqn` jh}qj fe{ àian}e{ i`}jqn`f& nheqi`kneh`f ~ ijh}`f {jqà k`m` rj ià{ mnknf mj }q``q(

Jf `sqjhmnòj j{ jf jfjijh}e mn{}nh}nre jh}qj f` {eknjm`m mjf kehekninjh}e ~ f` {eknjm`m mj f` nheqi`knûh( @{& sqjhmnòj& nhher`knûh ~ kqj`knûh mj kehekninjh}e j{}àjh jf hÿkfje mjf h`knjh}j eqmjhìnjh}e {eknejkehûinke(

Jf hjre ihme jijqdjh}j j{ dfea`f& if}nkf}q`f j nh}jqkehjk}`me& jh j{}j keh}jw}e& j{ i~ mnknf sjh{`q f` hknûh mj f` jmk`knûh keie f` }q`h{jqjhkn` mj kehekinjh}e{ ~ {n{}ji`{ kf}q`fj{ sqjjwn{}jh}j{(

Jh jf }qe& jf qef `m`s}`}nre ~ knrnfn`meq mj f` jmk`knûh mjajqà keianh`q{j mhjr`{ eqi`{ keh { qef kqj`}nre& }q`h{eqi`meq ~ mj gjqqìnjh}` s`q` jf mj{`qqeff~ }ìanîh gàqà pj sqjdh}`q{j pî {n dhnk` jw`k}ìjh}j mj{`qqeffe jh j{}j keh}j}e(

Jf kìane nh{}n}kneh`f j{& jh }eme{ fe{ {sjk}e{& mnknf& ~ h` mj f`{ kf`rj{ mjf îwnjh j{}j sqekj{e mj }q`h{eqi`knûh {eknejkehûink` j{ pj f`{ sqesn`{ nh{}n}knehj{ {n{}ji`{ jmk`}nre{ `sqjhm`h ` kìan`q& ~ pj fe{ deanjqhe{ fe g`d`h se{nafj( J{}j jjf mj{è i`~eq s`q` fe{ jmk`meqj{ jh fe{ sqûwnie{ 0: `ðe{(

S`q` àeqm`q j{}j kìane j{ hjkj{`qne ni`dnh`q h ihme jh jf k`f f`{ nh{}n}knehj{ jmk`}nr`{ {j `fnhjjh keqqjk}ìjh}j keh f`{ hjkj{nm`mj{ mj f`{ sjq{eh`{ jf`{ mnjqjh}j{ j}`s`{ mj f` rnm`& `{ keie keh fe{ eaoj}nre{ sef}nke{ keis`q}nme{ mj f`]NK {jdqìjh}j }jhmqàh h` nhbjhkn` qjfjr`h}j }`h}e jh f` mji`hm` mj jmk`knû~ }q`nhnhd keie jh fe{ sqekj{e{ mj `sqjhmnòj( Eseq}hnm`mj{ q`mnk`fijh}j hjr`~` j{}àh jijqdnjhme ~ qjpnjqjh j{kjh`qne{ nhher`meqj{ ~ qjbjwnûh kq}nk` s`q` jrn}`kqn{n{ nhhjkj{`qn`{ ~ ajhjkn`q{j mj f`{ eseq }hnm`mj{ jijqdjh}j{(

F`{ ]NK f` Jmk`knûh jh f` Qjsÿafnk` @qdjh}nh`

Jh }îqinhe{ djhjq`fj{ f` @qdjh}nh` g` }jhnme h` gn{}eqn` j{s`{iûmnk` jh k`h}ef` sqeieknûh mj f`{ ]NK keie gjqqìnjh}` s`q` f` jmk`knûh ~ jf `sqjhmnòj(

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Jh r`qn`{ hnrjq{nm`mj{ {j nhnkn`qeh jh mn{}nh}e{ ieijh}e{ k`qqjq`{ mj dq`me sèqi`q mekjh}j{ jh nheqià}nk` s`q` f` jmk`knûh aà{nk` ~%e ijmn`( [nh jia`qde& j{}`k`qqjq`{ }rnjqeh seke e hnhdÿh îwn}e seq ie}nre{ mnrjq{e{< seq h` s`q}j& he g`h }jhnmh` {`fnm` fàeq`f niseq}`h}j h}j f` `f}` kq{e{ kqqnkf`qj{ jh f` jh{jð`h` ijmn` j`fdh`{ sqernhkn`{& seq e}qe f`me& {j g`h keh{nmjq`me k`qqjq`{ ‖ijheqj{’ qjh}j ` f`fnkjhkn`}q`{ e nhdjhnjq`{ jh keis}`knûh ~%e {n{}ji`{(

Jh jf kìse mj f` nhrj{}nd`knûh ~ mj{`qqeffe& jf àqj` mj j)fj`qhnhd ~ mj jmk`knûrnhkf`m` keh f` }jkhefed` jh djhjq`f g` {nme keh{nmjq`m` ‛nd`f pj jh jf k`{e mf`{ k`qqjq`{ ‛ h ‖}ji` ijheq’ mjh}qe mjf { n{}ji` knjh}ke ~ }jkhefûdnke rnhkf`me kef`{ ]NK( Seq knjq}e& h` hjr` ij{}q` mj mjsjhmjhkn`& j{}` rj jh f` kàj` mj feknjh}ke{ ~ qj{seh{àfj{ mj f` knjhkn` ~ f` }jkhefed`(

Seq knjq}e& ~ ` sj{`q mj }eme& jwn{}jh `fdh`{ ajh`{ jwsjqnjhkn`{ jh jf kìse mf` `sfnk`knûh mj f`{ ]NK jh f` jmk`knûh(

F` i`~eq s`q}j mj jff`{ rnhkf`m`{ keh f` ‖jmk`knûh ` mn{}`hkn`’ ~ f` }nfn`knûh jf mj{`qqeffe mj sf`}èqi`{ mj j)fj`qhnhd & keie jh jf k`{e mj f` Zhnrjq{nm`m ]jkhefûdnk` H`kneh`f& Zhnrjq{nm`mj{ mjf Fn}eq`f& Ajhe{ @nqj{& F` Sf`}`& Pnfij{& jh}qj e}q`]ìanîh jwn{}jh jwsjqnjhkn`{ jwn}e{`{ jh jf kìse mj j)fj`qhnhd mj{`qqeff`m`{ sejisqj{`{ ‛jh j{}j sh}e& mjaj mj{}`k`q{j f` mj ‖Keisj}nq(kei’ pj ea}re h sqjinh}jqh`kneh`f jh f` Kiaqj mj f` [eknjm`m mj f` Nheqi`knûh jh ]ÿhj jh 1332‛(

@f nd`f pj jh f` i`~eq s`q}j mj f`{ àqj`{ mj f`{ ]NK& f` @qdjh}nh` jwgnaj qj}q`{e keh{nmjqàfj ~ kjh}` keh qjkq{e{ gi`he{ j{k`{e{& `hpj qjf`}nrìjhk`s`kn}`me{ ~ }`fjh}e{e{( ]`h}e ` hnrjf `k`mîinke keie jisqj{`qne j{ `k}nafj m`q {`f}e k`fn}`}nre pj anpj f` @qdjh}nh` jh h fd`q mj keh{nmjq`knûh jh}qj fe{ s`{jsjqnîqnke{(

Mj gjkge& `fdh`{ jwsjqnjhkn`{ }`h}e mjf {jk}eq hnrjq{n}`qne keie `k`mîinkij{}q` pj j{ `k}nafj g`kjqfe& Zh `qdijh}e he ijheq s`q` jffe j{ f` qnp{ni` }q`mknûh jmk`}nr` ~ mj sqemkknûh mj keh}jhnme{ pj g` }jhnme ‛~ `ÿh keh{jqr` jh s`q}jseq mîk`m`{ jf s`{ ~ pj& mj ikg`{ i`hjq`{ j{}à sqj{jh}j j nhb~j se{n}nrìjh}j jfe{ sqedqì`{ ~ sqe~jk}e{ pj {j g`h mj{`qqeff`me jh j{}j kìse(

Jf qjknjh}j `hhkne {eaqj f` `mgj{nûh mj f` @qdjh}nh` `f sqe~jk}e mj IN] mjheih`me Ehj F`s}es Sjq Kgnfj 'EFSK. sjmj keh{}n}nq h s`{e niseq}`h}j {n j{ pj {}ei`h f`{ mjkn{nehj{ ~ ijmnm`{ keqqjk}`{& ~ {n {j fe keh{nmjq` jw`k}ìjh}j j{e? s`{e jh jf keh}jw}e mj h` {efknûh djhjq`f& seq knjq}e `ÿh he j{kf`qjknm` seq keisfj}e( Kf`qìjh}j& sjmj }ìanîh {jq h q`k`{e keie }`h}e{ e}qe{(

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]`f kehkjs}e {j sqj}jhmj qjf`kneh`me }`h}e keh mj{`qqeffe{ mqe{ keie {eh sfnk`}n)re{ e inmmfjt`qj{ & keie keh mj{`qqeffe{ af`hme{ keie {eh f`{ eh}efed`{& f`{ fnkjhkn`{s`q` f` }q`h{jqjhkn` mj {e}t`qj ~ f` geiefed`knûh mj {e}t`qj fnaqj% esjh {ezqkj (

Fnhjìnjh}e{ j{}q`}îdnke{ jh Deanjqhe Jfjk}qûhnke

[j sf`h}j`h `p f`{ fhj`{ mj `kknûh hjkj{`qn`{ mj jojk}`q s`q` sqeierjq hmj{`qqeffe mjf Deanjqhe Jfjk}qûhnke jh f` @qdjh}nh`& mj `kjqme ` fe{ sqjkjs}e{ ~`sf`h}j`me{?

Mj{`qqeff`q sfnk`knehj{ qj}nfnàfj{ ~ keis`}nafj{ hkneh`fijh}j mnjqjh}j{‡

àqj`{ mj f` `minhn{}q`knûh sÿafnk`(

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Mj{`qqeff`q nh{}qijh}e{ }jkhefûdnke{ ~ sqeierjq f` eqi`knûh mj qjkq{e{ g)‡

i`he{ pj `knfn}jh f` nh}jdq`knûh j nh}jqkìane mj nheqi`knûh& sjqin}njhme`fk`h`q f` {nisfnk`knûh qjdn{}q`f ~ f` j{}qk}q`knûh mj rjh}`hnff`{ ÿhnk`{ `hnrjf mj }em` f` `minhn{}q`knûh sÿafnk` ~ mj k`m` keihnm`m mj nheqi`knûh(

[jh}`q f`{ a`{j{ s`q` f` eqi`knûh mj qjkq{e{ gi`he{ jh ‖dj{}nûh mj f` Nh)‡

eqi`knûh’ jh eqd`hn`knehj{(

Beke{ }jkhefûdnke{ mj `sfnk`knûh

Rjq}nk`fj{

Jmk`knûh?

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[`fm?‡

) [n{}ji` H`kneh`f Nh}jdq`me mj nheqi`knûh(

) Gn{}eqn` kfhnk` ÿhnk`(

@minhn{}q`knûh Djhjq`f mjf J{}`me?‡

) Mj{`qqeffe mj JQS& KQI& M`}`t`qjgez{j& teqlbet{ jh fe{ eqd`hn{ie{ mJ{}`me(

) [n{}ji` `r`h`me s`q` f` r`fnm`knûh j nmjh}nk`knûh mj sjq{eh`{ s`q` jf Deanjqhe Jfjk}qûhnke(

) Mn{nûh j nh}jdq`knûh mj [n{}ji`{ mj Dj{}nûh mj QQGG(

) [n{}ji` nh}jdq`me mj [jdninjh}e mj Jwsjmnjh}j{ ~ ]qàin}j

'teqlbet ,mekijh}e jfjk}qûhnke.(

) [n{}ji` nh}jdq`me mj nheqi`knûh h`hknjq`(

) Qjdn{}qe mj [jqrnkne{ mj Nheqi`knûh mjf J{}`me(

) Qjdn{}qe Zhnke mj [e}t`qj mj f` @minhn{}q`knûh Sÿafnk`(

) Mj{`qqeffe mjf [n{}ji` mj k`s`kn}`knûh mj f` @minhn{}q`knûh Sÿafnk` }nfn`hmgjqqìnjh}`{ Tja 1(3 ~ `sqerjkg`hme f`{ eseq}hnm`mj{ mj f` ]R mndn}`f }jfjrn{nûh NS(

) Mj{`qqeffe mj j{}àhm`qj{ s`q` jf deanjqhe jfjk}qûhnke(

) Mj{`qqeffe mj gjqqìnjh}`{ ~ sqedqì`{ mj ‖iderjqhijh'kjff`qj{,mn{se{n}nre{ mj i`he.(

Mj{`qqeffe ~ Sqjrn{nûh [ekn`f?‡

) [n{}ji` nh}jdq`me mj dj{}nûh mj f` `{n{}jhkn` {ekn`f(

) Rjh}`hnff` ÿhnk` mj }qàin}j{ s`q` f` `{n{}jhkn` ~ { {jdninjh}e(

O{}nkn`?‡

) [n{}ji` Nh}jdq`me mj Nheqi`knûh mj O{}nkn`(

) [n{}ji`{ fek`fj{ mj dj{}nûh omnkn`f(

Jkehei` ~ Sqemkknûh?

) Rjh}`hnff`{ Zhnk`{ s`q` S~IJ{(

) Rjh}`hnff` ÿhnk` s`q` jwseq}`meqj{(

) [n{}ji`{ fek`fj{ mj dj{}nûh omnkn`f(

Geqneh}`fj{

Ij}`m`}e{ ‡

s`q` Deanjqhe Jfjk}qûhnke? kehoh}e mj ij}`m`}e{ pj sjqin}`h k`}`fed`knûh mj f` nheqi`knûh jwn{}jh}j jh {eseq}j jfjk}qûhnke?

) Gjqqìnjh}`{? mj{`qqeffe& `m`s}`knûh mj {e}t`qj s`q` dj{}nûh mj ij}`m`}es`q` f` @minhn{}q`knûh Sÿafnk`(

) Mj{`qqeffe mj Kehoh}e Ihnie mj Ij}`m`}e{ Keihj{ ~ Sjqfj{ mj @sfnk`knûh(

Mj{`qqeffe mj h` Kqqkf` s`q` f` Beqi`knûh mj Dj{}eqj{ mj Nheqi`knûh(‡

Mj{`qqeffe mj Rekàf`qne{ Keh}qef`me{ s`q` jf [jk}eq Sÿafnke?‡

) Eh}efed`{& ]j{`qe{& ]`wehei`{(

Keihnm`mj{ mj Nheqi`knûh?

) J{}mne mj { h`}q`fj`(

) Mjhnknûh mj Iemjfe{ mj Dj{}nûh ~ mj kehoh}e mj gjqqìnjh}`{ s`q` f`{ ke

ihnm`mj{ mj Nheqi`knûh(

Qj}nfn`knûh mj [e}t`qj Fnaqj e mj Sqesnjm`m J{}`}`f?‡

) Iemjfe{ mj Fnkjhknìnjh}e mj [e}t`qj(

) Mj{`qqeffe mj h K`}àfede%Qjse{n}eqne mj [e}t`qj s`q` f` @minhn{}q`knûh Safnk`(

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) Fàeq`}eqne mj Geiefed`knûh mj [F(

jMj{`qqeffe ‡ mj Qjdn{}qe{?

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