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LIF
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LIFE2 Conference
The Life Model
Paul Wheatley
Digital Preservation Manager
The British Library
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Summary and aims
Summary Introduction to the LIFE Model and a recap of LIFE Model v1.0 Development of the LIFE Model v1.1 Looking ahead to LIFE Model v2.0 Scope of lifecycle costs and aims of costing LIFE Methodology Generic Preservation Model Future work: LIFE3?
Aims: Summarise recent developments in the LIFE approach and costing tools Provide a foundation for the Case Study discussions later today Highlight some outstanding issues for discussion and debate
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Introducing the LIFE Model
Map of the digital lifecycle
Standard way of representing the key functions in a lifecycle
Mappings required from each unique lifecycle to the LIFE Model
Provides sufficient detail to enable useful analysis of lifecycles
Remains broadly high level to ensure relevance across different lifecycles and content types
Enables like with like comparison between different lifecycles
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LIFE Model v1.0
Acquisition Ingest Metadata Access Storage Preservation
Selection QA CharacterisationReference
linking
Bit-stream storage costs
Technology watch
IPR Deposit Descriptive User supportPreservation tool
cost
LicensingHoldings update
AdministrativeAccess
MechanismPreservation
metadata
Ordering and invoicing
Preservation action
ObtainingQuality
assurance
Check-in
Life
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tag
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Reviewing and refining the Model
Feedback from a variety of sources: Feedback from the LIFE1 Conference Results of LIFE1 Case Studies Feedback from third parties Review by independent economics consultant Mappings to related standards (OAIS, DRAMBORA, Cedars)
Internal review and production of LIFE Model v1.1 (Nov 07)
Further comment and feedback: Feedback from LIFE2 Conference Results of LIFE2 Case Studies Feedback from third parties Other lifecycle work (DCC Lifecycle Model, “Keeping Research Data Safe”
JISC Study)
Production LIFE Model v2.0 (August 08)
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Developing the LIFE Stages
AccessContent
PreservationBit-stream
PreservationMetadataCreation
IngestAcquisitionCreation
or Purchase
PreservationStorageAccessMetadataIngestAcquisition
LIFE Model V1.0
LIFE Model V1.1
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LIFE Model v1.1: Stages and Elements
•Check-in
InspectionObtaining
BackupReference
LinkingOrdering & Invoicing
....
User Support
RefreshmentMetadata Extraction
Holdings Update
IPR & Licensing
....
Access Control
Storage Provision
Metadata Creation
DepositSubmission Agreement
....
Access Provision
Repository Admin
Re-use Existing
Metadata
Quality Assurance
Selection....
Life
cy
cle
Ele
me
nts
Access
Re-ingest
Preservation Action
Preservation Planning
Preservation Watch
Content Preservation
Bit-stream Preservation
MetadataCreation
IngestAcquisitionCreation
or Purchase
Life
cy
cle
S
tag
e
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LIFE Model v1.1: Sub-elements
Ensuring the Model is clear and unambiguous to apply: Detailed definitions Sub-element descriptions
Sub-elements are suggested functions or activities only
Sub-elements of Quality Assurance Explanation / notes
QA Policy (policy/procedure)Description of quality requirements and required mitigation actions should quality requirements not be met. Policy for sampling of objects for QA (if appropriate)
QA Characterisation (action)Characterisation of the digital object. Identification of file format, and assessment of whether the object is valid, well formed, and/or renders correctly with current access software
Content Examination (action)Assessment of whether the content of the digital object is of an expected, agreed or sufficient level of quality. Typically, a manual process on a sample of the ingested objects
Mitigation (action)Action to mitigate quality issues (might include virus cleaning or re-ordering or obtaining the digital object)
QA Metadata (metadata) Record QA metadata
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Reference Linking
Disposal
LIFE Model v1.1 to 2.0 – key issues to resolve
•Check-in
InspectionObtaining
BackupHoldingsUpdate
Ordering & Invoicing
....
User Support
RefreshmentMetadata Extraction
DepositIPR &
Licensing....
Access Control
Storage Provision
Metadata Creation
Scoping, Reqs, Repair
Submission Agreement
....
Access Provision
Repository Admin
Re-use Existing
Metadata
Quality Assurance
Selection....
Life
cy
cle
Ele
me
nts
Access
Re-ingest
Preservation Action
Preservation Planning
Preservation Watch
Content Preservation
Bit-stream Preservation
MetadataCreation
IngestAcquisitionCreation
or Purchase
Life
cy
cle
S
tag
e
Scoping, Reqs, Repair
Metadata Extraction
Metadata Creation
Re-use Existing Metadata
MetadataCreation
Disposal
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Scope: Lifecycle or none-Lifecycle cost?
LIFE1: concept implicit but not explicit
Lifecycle costs are directly related to functions applied to the content considered in a particular lifecycle. Eg:
Purchase of content Deposit of content into a digital repository Quality assurance of the content Preservation action to migrate from one file format to another
Non-Lifecycle costs are supporting functions or miscellaneous costs not directly related to lifecycle activities. Eg:
Management Repository software Electricity costs Buildings/accomodation costs
How do we define this scope?
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Aim of costing digital preservation activity
Assessment of the various practical aims or purposes of costing digital preservation activity
Assessment of the usefulness of costing approaches for each aim
Two key approaches considered: Audit: a top down assessment of all infrastructure, staff and other
costs associated with a digital repository. As demonstrated by the Dutch National Archives, Digitale Bewaring Project, http://www.digitaleduurzaamheid.nl/bibliotheek/docs/CoDPv1.pdf
Lifecycle Costing: a bottom-up lifecycle costing of activities relating to a particular content stream. As demonstrated by the LIFE Project, http://www.life.ac.uk
Results useful for: informing adopters of where each approach will be useful decision making on scope of lifecycle and non-lifecycle costs
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Costing approaches vs aims
Costing Aim Costing approach
Audit Lifecycle Costing
Cost of new repository
Complete cost of existing repository
Repository running cost
Cost of new content stream
Evaluate efficiency of a content stream
Impact of new tool or process change
Comparison of analogue and digital
Plan for recurrent preservation activities
Useful approach
Difficult to achieve aim with this approach
Probable useful approach / some uncertainty / lack of evidence
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Methodology
A clearly defined step by step approach to costing a lifecycle
Provides guidance on how the LIFE Model should be applied
Standard approach to ensure consistency between studies of different lifecycles
Key aspects include: Developing a process flow diagram Mapping to the LIFE Model Assessing function/activity costs Scope of lifecycle and non-lifecycle costs Assessing recurrent and non-recurrent costs Generating estimates of future lifecycle costs
The Methodology will be published end of August 08
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Generic Preservation Model
No data available to assess in LIFE1 Case Studies
Generic Preservation Model created to estimate the costs of Content Preservation
Review conducted to refine, fix known issues and incorporate feedback from LIFE1 Conference (May/June 08)
Review by experts group led by Chris Rusbridge
Generic Preservation Model V2.0 to be released at the end of the Project
Basic Content Profile Predicted
Lifecycle Cost
CostEstimation
ToolOrganisational policy
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Looking ahead: “LIFE3”?
AccessContent
PreservationBit-stream
PreservationMetadataCreation
IngestAcquisitionCreation
or Purchase
Estimative models for each stage of the lifecycle
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Questions...?
www.life.ac.ukPaul Wheatley
Digital Preservation Manager
The British Library
