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10:00 AM – 11:30 AM
MONDAY, MARCH 5TH
BSE 2.102
**What They Didn't Teach You in Graduate School: 199 Helpful Hints for Success in Your Academic Career
by Paul Gray and David E. Drew
**
ACADEMIC CAREER PATH FOR PHD ENGINEERING STUDENTS
LIFE AFTER PHD: THE GOOD,
THE BAD, AND THE UGLY
Dr. Can SAYGINDr. Can SAYGIN
Mechanical Engineering DepartmentMechanical Engineering Department
University of Texas at San AntonioUniversity of Texas at San Antonio
DISCLAIMERDISCLAIMER
� Views, opinions, or strategies presented in this
workshop are what I personally think and believe
to reflect “Life After PhD”, and do not necessarily
reflect the views, opinions, or strategies of the
College of Engineering or UTSA… It is my story
and I am sticking to it. ☺
7 PHASES IN PHD
"Being a PhD student is like becoming all of the Seven Dwarfs. In the "Being a PhD student is like becoming all of the Seven Dwarfs. In the
beginning you're beginning you're Dopey Dopey and and BashfulBashful. While getting ready for the . While getting ready for the
qualify exam, you are usually sick (qualify exam, you are usually sick (SneezySneezy) and tired () and tired (SleepySleepy). After ). After
passing the qualify exam, you are passing the qualify exam, you are Happy Happy then you get then you get GrumpyGrumpy after after
you realize you still have a dissertation proposal to write and carry out you realize you still have a dissertation proposal to write and carry out
research. After your defense, we call you research. After your defense, we call you DocDoc." ."
(INSPIRED FROM: (INSPIRED FROM: http://www.cs.unc.edu/~azuma/hitch4.htmlhttp://www.cs.unc.edu/~azuma/hitch4.html))
| COURSE WORK | QUALIFY EXAM | DISSERTATION | DEFENSE |
ACADEMIA AS A BUSINES:
YOU ARE IN INTELLECTUALINTELLECTUAL CAPITALCAPITAL BUSINESSBUSINESS
McGinnis, L.F., "Life after the PhD: What I wish I had known sooner",
Proceedings of the 2010 Winter Simulation Conference
You, as an individual intellectual entrepreneur, need to
understand your strengths and weaknesses in this
business.
OUTLINE
� What is PhD?
� Fundamental Skills
� Performance Metrics: Research, Teaching, and Service
� Habits of Effective Academicians
� Job Hunting and Interview
� Non-Academic Jobs after PhD
� Dr. F. Frank Chen “Experience in Caterpillar”
� Dr. Randall Manteufel “Experience in Southwest Research Institute”
ACADEMIC LIFE: BASIC CONCEPTS
� PhD is an indication of survivorship. Public at large view PhD as a “superb intellectual achievement and reflection of brilliance”… Is it?Is it?
� In scientific experimentation, we seek a certain amount of data, replication, and sample size to make statistically meaningful conclusions.
� What is the general conclusion after you receive your PhD? “PhD is a certification of your research abilitybased on sample size of 1”… Not very scientific, is it? is it?
� Your PhD dissertation committee is making a large bet on your ability to do quality research again and again in the future ����
TRUE/FALSE
(Q1)(Q1) PhD is an indication of “superb intellectual achievement and
reflection of brilliance”? True or False?True or False?
(Q2)(Q2) PhD is a certification of your research ability that you can repeat
again and again in the future”? True or False?True or False?
YOUR OPTIONS WITH PHD
� Faculty
� Post-Doc/Research Associate
� Researcher at Non-Academic Research Lab
� Industry
� Start Up
� ?
WHAT DO FACULTY DO?
�Thanks God, it is Tuesday!!!(This is what typically people think outside academia…)
What does a professor say at the
end of a work week?
FIVE JOBS IN ONEFIVE JOBS IN ONE� TEACHING
� RESEARCH
� FUND RAISING – proposals/grants/contracts
� GRAD STUDENT ADVISING
� SERVICE/MANAGEMENT
HOUSE OF “FACULTY SUCCESS”
� Foundation
� Pillars*
�Roof
� If one of them is missing, the house cannot stand… Research Skills
and Research Tools
Fanatic
Disciplin
e
Productiv
e
Paranoia
Empirical
Creativ
ity
Passion
*Inspired from “Great By Choice” by J. Collins and M.T. Hansen
PhD is not the end… It is just the beginning. Now you have to do
quality research again and again… Can you do it? What skills are
essential to be able to do it?
Faculty
Advising
Grad Student D
evelopment
Diversified Investment: Don’t put all your eggs in one basket…
MOVIE TIME
Steve Jobs - rules for success
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=KuNQgln6TL0&feature=related
WHAT COUNTS FOR TENURE AND PROMOTION:
LEARN THE RULES BEFORE YOU PLAY!!!
� “Everything that can be counted does not necessarily count; everything that counts cannot necessarily be counted” Albert EinsteinAlbert Einstein
� THINK ABOUT BUILDING YOUR RESUME…
� WHAT ARE THE PERFORMANCE METRICS? DO YOU KNOW?
FROM:
http://www.brainyquote.com/quotes/quotes/a/alberteins162052.html#ixzz1o4xzCW3n
AL
TENURE AND PROMOTIONTENURE AND PROMOTION
UTSA’S HANDBOOK OF OPERATING PROCEDURES (HOP)
(HTTP://UTSA.EDU/HOP/CHAPTER2/2-10.HTML)
UTSA’S HANDBOOK OF OPERATING PROCEDURES (HOP)
(HTTP://UTSA.EDU/HOP/CHAPTER2/2-10.HTML)
One thing we definitely do not teach you is TEACHINGwe definitely do not teach you is TEACHING during your
PhD… then when we recruit a fresh PhD as an Assistant Professor,
we expect them to teach well… What is the logic here?
UTSA’S HANDBOOK OF OPERATING PROCEDURES (HOP)
(HTTP://UTSA.EDU/HOP/CHAPTER2/2-10.HTML)
UTSA’S HANDBOOK OF OPERATING PROCEDURES (HOP)
(HTTP://UTSA.EDU/HOP/CHAPTER2/2-10.HTML)
� Annual Review; 3rd Year Review; 6th Year P&T; +5
year P; +6 years post-Tenure,… ALL USE THE
SAME CRITERIA…
SAYGIN’S APPROACH TO BUILDING A STRONG
RESEARCH PROGRAM: LEVERAGE 3P’S
Publications Proposals
Projects
OVERLAP
3P’s
Publications Proposals
Projects
Publications Proposals
Projects
Unfunded Proposals
Unfunded Proposals;
Effort Publishable
Funded (competitive)
Proposals/Projects
Industry Contracts
(Non-competitive,
Not publishable)
Publishable Results from
Non-competitive projects
Publications from
Unfunded Effort
MAXIMIZE THE OVERLAP
Competitive Proposals
Funded Research Projects
Publications
IDEAL LEVERAGE
1:3
Publications
Proposals
Projects
MAXIMIZE THE OVERLAP
Competitive Proposals
Funded Research Projects
Publications
� “Only Thing We Have to Fear Is Fear Itself.” Franklin D. Roosevelt, First Inaugural Address, March 4, 1933 (79 years ago, yesterday)
�DO NOT BE AFRAID OF FAILURES…Learn from your failures… Smart people learn from others’ failures.
MOVIE TIME
Michael Jordan – “failures”http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=CgW48mBQJ14&feature=related
“I can accept failure, but I can't
accept not trying.” Michael Jordan
SO WHAT GETS YOU SO WHAT GETS YOU
“THERE”?“THERE”?
ANOTHER MOVIE…
Make yourself indispensibleDr. Rob Jenkins
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=6N3prkIASeM
(More: http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=e_ZHa_ahLqY&feature=related )
AL
A MORE A MORE
PHILOSOPHICAL PHILOSOPHICAL
APPROACH…APPROACH…
BALANCE: MIND-BODY-HEART-SPIRIT
1. http://sourcesofinsight.com/four-sources-of-strength/
2. “The 8th Habit” by S.R. Covey
[1][1][2][2]
TIME MANAGEMENT: LEARN TO PRIORITIZE
� Keep 3P model in mind… High Leverage – Low Leverage – No Leverage
�� Things you Things you love doinglove doing and things that and things that countcount and and can be countedcan be counted fall into this quadrant?fall into this quadrant?
THE 7 HABITS OF HIGHLY EFFECTIVE
PEOPLE… � Habit 1: Be Proactive - Take initiative in your
academic life: Decisions/Actions/Consequences
� Habit 2: Begin with the End in Mind – Have
long/medium/short term targets.
� Habit 3: Put First Things First - Plan, prioritize,
and execute your week's tasks based on importance and
leveraging rather than urgency.
� Habit 4: Think Win-Win – Learn to work with others
and provide them “value”.
THE 7 HABITS OF HIGHLY EFFECTIVE
PEOPLE… (CONT’D)
� Habit 5: Seek First to Understand, Then to be
Understood – First listen. Learn to listen. In
academia, people who “know” are people who “no”
(“Think Better” by Tim Hurson).
� Habit 6: Synergize - Combine strengths of people
(colleagues, students, etc) through positive teamwork,
so as to achieve goals no one person could have done
alone.
� Habit 7: Sharpen the Saw - Balance and renew your
resources, energy, and health to create a sustainable,
long-term, effective academic life. (Wood-chopper)
� Sounds trivial, right? How does it work? Be persistent…
stick with it… make it a “habit”, not a one-time activity.
MOVIE TIME
Michael Jordan – Persistence (To those great professors out there!!! They make it look so easy!!!)
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=9zSVu76AX3I&feature=related
TEACHING…TEACHING…
LEARNINGLEARNING
LEARNING STYLESLEARNING STYLESLEARNING STYLESLEARNING STYLESLEARNING STYLESLEARNING STYLESLEARNING STYLESLEARNING STYLESBy Professor Richard FelderBy Professor Richard FelderHoechst Celanese Professor Emeritus of Chemical Engineering at North Carolina State University
Co-Director of the National Effective Teaching Institute
For more info, see:
http://www4.ncsu.edu/unity/lockers/users/f/felder/public/RMF.html
BLOOM’S TAXONOMY OF EDUCATIONAL OBJECTIVES
5. Synthesis
Propose, create,
invent, design, improve
4. Analysis
Classify, predict,
model, derive
interpret
6. Evaluation
Judge, select,
critique, justify,
optimize
1. Knowledge
List, recite
2. Comprehension
Explain, paraphrase3. Application
Calculate, solve,
determine, apply
START
BLOOM’S TAXONOMY OF EDUCATIONAL OBJECTIVES
5. Synthesis
Propose, create,
invent, design, improve
4. Analysis
Classify, predict,
model, derive
interpret
6. Evaluation
Judge, select,
critique, justify,
optimize
1. Knowledge
List, recite
2. Comprehension
Explain, paraphrase3. Application
Calculate, solve,
determine, apply
ME 3263ME 3263
� Focus on sensory input
� Practical
� Observant
� Concrete: Facts and Facts and
datadata
� Repetition
� Focus on subconscious
� Imaginative
� Look for meanings
� Abstract: Theory and Theory and
modelsmodels
� Variety
Sensing Learners Intuitive Learners
� Methodical
� Detail work
� Complaint: “Not real
world.”
� Tests: Run out of time.
� Quick
� Concept work
� Complaint: “Plug and
chug.”
� Tests: Carelessness
Sensors... Intuitors...
Which are you--sensor or intuitor? How strong
is your preference? (Strong, moderate, mild)
� “Show meShow me.”� pictures
� diagrams
� sketches
� schematics
� flow charts
� plots
� “Explain it to me.”
� spoken words
� written words
Which are you--visual or verbal? How
strong is your preference? (Strong,
moderate, mild)
Visual Learners Verbal Learners
� Process actively
� Think out loud
� “Let’s try it out.”
� Jump in prematurely
� Like group work
� Process introspectively
�Work quietly
� “Let’s think about it.”
�Delay starting
� Like solo or pair work
Which are you -- active or reflective? How
strong is your preference? (Strong, moderate,
mild)
Active Learners Reflective Learners
��Function with Function with partial partial understandingunderstanding
� Steady progress�Explain easily
�Analysis, details
(the trees)
��Need big picture to Need big picture to functionfunction
� Initially slow, then major leaps
�Can’t explain easily
� Synthesis, systems-ecological thinking(the forest)
Sequential Learners Global Learners
Which are you--sequential or global? How
strong is your preference? (Strong, moderate,
mild)
WHAT IS BEST?
� Professionals (“You and Students in Your Class”) need to function as sensors and intuitors, visual and verbal learners,… all of them…
� You need to improve your weak side…
� Balance: Teaching style must match the learning styles in a class…
� How: Content material & its format and active involvement by students
% INFO RETAINED VS TIME
% Info
Retained
70%
20%
0 10 min 50 min
Active LearningAL
JOB HUNTING: A RESEARCH PROJECT
� Make Well-Informed Career Choices: Search broadly and start early (not right before you defend… things take time)
� Be prepared:
� Research and Teaching Statements;
� Resume with publication (published, in-print, in-review, under preparation), proposal writing experience, project experience, teaching experience, MS student (co)supervising experience.
� References beyond your dissertation committee (attend conferences and meet people)
� YOUR PRESENTATION
� Pick a place where you (and your family) would like to live.
� Interview is a two-way street…
WHAT ELSE?� Professional Societies and Networking (future external reviewers)
� Get to know top 50 people in your area. Keep an eye on what they
are working on.
� Be a good teacher. Learn to communicate well. Practice.
� Attend “Grants/Proposal Writing Workshops”. It takes time to learn
how to write good proposals.
� Serve on NSF, NIH,… review panels.
� Review papers for journals and conferences.
� Every paper can be published if the right target is determined.
� Conferences papers, maybe, not that important but conferences are.
� Do not get involved in department politics (at least as an asst prof).
� E-mails!!! Do not waste time responding to emails in a synchronous
manner. If possible, turn off e-mail when it is research time.
� Form a research group & facilitate interaction among your students.
� Learn new things over time.
PhD inPhD in
NonNon--Academic AreasAcademic Areas
“Experience in
Caterpillar”Dr. F. Frank Chen
Lutcher Brown Distinguished Chair in Advanced Manufacturing
Director, Center for Advanced Manufacturing and Lean Systems
Department of Mechanical Engineering
Before returning to academia in 1991, he was with Caterpillar Technical
Center and held positions as a Manufacturing Systems Engineer in the
Machining & Automation Division, a Senior Manufacturing Systems
Engineer in the Metrology and Process Control Division, and a Project
Manager leading a corporate research and technical services group with
specialization in design and control of manufacturing cells.
� Senior Research Engineer (1991-1997)
� Center for Nuclear Waste Regulatory Analyses at
Southwest Research Institute
“Experience in
Southwest Research
Institute”Dr. Randall D. Manteufel
Associate Professor
Department of Mechanical Engineering
Any Questions?Any Questions?