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Life Cycle of Second-Hand Clothing. Jessica Burke Ciara Isley Amanda Mast. What Is Second-Hand Clothing. Any apparel, shoes, handbags, belts, and hats used again after initial consumer Also called: Used clothing Recycled textiles or clothing Post-consumer textiles. - PowerPoint PPT Presentation
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Life Cycle of Second-Hand ClothingJessica BurkeCiara IsleyAmanda Mast
What Is Second-Hand Clothing Any apparel, shoes,
handbags, belts, and hats used again after initial consumer
Also called: Used clothing Recycled textiles or
clothing Post-consumer textiles
Some Scary Statistics Average American disposes of 70 lbs of
apparel annually 24.8 billion lbs total
Apparel waste makes up 5% of landfills On football field, would reach 2 miles high
3.8 billion lbs (15%) recycled annually
History Always been around “Thrifting” began during Renaissance Increased with RTW boom 1950s: Charitable organizations open stores 1980s: For-profit organizations open stores 1980s: Overseas shipments increasing 1990s: Second-hand retail becomes popular
lifestyle choice
Disposal Channels Domestic Second-
Hand Retail Textile Recyclers Overseas
Shipments
Domestic Second-Hand Retail Charitable Donation
Sites Goodwill Salvation Army
Consignment Stores Buffalo Exchange Plato’s Closet
Other Retail Channels Specialty Shops Online Auction Sites
Charitable Donation Sites Largest source of global
trade in second-hand clothing
People donate unwanted apparel to be sold in retail establishments that help raise money for various causes
Most well-known: Goodwill Industries & Salvation Army
Consignment Stores Newer concept than
charitable donation sites Operate as for-profit
organizations Sell product in similar manner
as charitable donation sites, but consignors receive portion of sales
Consumer interest on the rise
Other Retail Channels Garage Sales Flea Markets Estate Sales Specialty Boutiques
Vintage Shops Costume Shops Eco-friendly Shops
Online Auction Sites Ebay
Textile Recyclers Firms that purchase unwanted apparel to
convert and/or distribute for other purposes Breakdown of Recycled Goods:
30 % converted to wiping materials/rags 20% sold in fiber market as stuffing and
upholstery materials 45 % shipped overseas on a wholesale basis as
usable apparel 5 % (considered vintage or popular sought after
product) shipped to different import destinations
Overseas Shipments Remaining unwanted apparel from
retailers and recyclers shipped to primarily developing countries
African countries are largest importers Mitumba markets Debates on benefit
Japanese high-end markets
Economic Status Profitable business but
fluctuates with economic trends Currently fairly stable due to
recession So profitable that leads to fraud Greater potential as second-
hand becomes life style choice not necessity
It All Comes Together Levels of Trade Imports/Exports Trade Regulations Sustainability Level of
Development for Countries
Potential Employment Retailers
Salespeople/Cashiers Managers Visual Merchandisers
Textile Recyclers Salespeople Marketers Engineers Equipment Operators
Overseas Shipments Logistics Operators
Who Knows
Barry, R. (2012). So your second-hand clothes are sold to Africa—don’t stop donating them. The Guardian. Retrieved from
http://www.theguardian.com/commentisfree/2012/may/09/second-hand-clothes-africa
Bradley, A. (2013). Second-hand clothing undermines Africa’s economy. Acton Institute Power Blog. Retrieved from
http://blog.acton.org/archives/53203-second-hand-clothing-undermines-africas-economy.html
Chalupa, A. (2010). What happens to all of those clothes retailers can’t sell?. Daily Finance. Retrieved from
http://www.dailyfinance.com/2010/04/02/what-happens-to-all-of-those-clothes-retailers-cant-sell/
Claudio, L. (2007). Waste couture: Environmental impact of the clothing industry. National Center for Biotechnology
Information. Retrieved from http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC1964887/
Cline, E. L. (2012). The afterlife of cheap clothes. Slate Magazine. Retrieved from
http://www.slate.com/articles/life/fashion/2012/06/the_salvation_army_and_goodwill_inside_the_places_your_clothes_go_
when_you_donate_them_.html
Council for Textile Recycling. (2013). Retrieved from http://www.weardonaterecycle.org/
Curnow, R. & Kermiliotis, T. (2013). Is your old t-shirt hurting African economies?. CNN. Retrieved from
http://www.cnn.com/2013/04/12/business/second-hand-clothes-africa/
Ethical style: Where do my used clothes go?. (2012). Good Is. Retrieved from http://www.good.is/posts/ethical-style-where-
do-my-used-clothes-go
Gaynor, T. & Stoddard, E. (2009). Second-hand retailers score during recession. Reuters. Retrieved from
http://www.reuters.com/article/2009/10/05/us-usa-retailers-secondhand-idUSTRE59400220091005
Godelnik, R. (2012). H & M launches first global clothing collection recycling program. Triple Pundit. Retrieved from
http://www.triplepundit.com/2012/12/sustainable-hms-new-global-clothes-collecting-initiative/
Goodwill Industries. (2011). Retrieved from http://goodwillncw.org/
Goodwill Q&A. (n.d.). Goodwill Industries. Retrieved from Goodwill.
http://www.goodwill.org/wp-content/uploads/2011/01/QandA.pdf
Hoopes, S. (2013). Out with the old: Rising disposable income post-recession will hurt industry revenue. IBIS World. Retrieved
from http://www.ibisworld.com/industry/default.aspx?indid=1101
Le Blanc, R. (2013). Social implications of exporting second-hand clothing to developing countries. About.com. Retrieved
from http://recycling.about.com/od/Resources/a/Social-Implications-Of-Exporting-Second-hand-Clothing-To-Developing-
Countries.htm
Odell, A. (2010). H&M destroys and throws out perfectly good unworn clothing. The Cut. Retrieved from
http://nymag.com/thecut/2010/01/hm_destroys_and_throws_out_per.html
Our story. (2013). Buffalo Exchange. Retrieved from http://www.buffaloexchange.com/story
Paul, H. (2009). Dell, Goodwill partner to recycle computers. Earth 911. Retrieved from
http://earth911.com/news/2009/07/06/dell-goodwill-partner-to-recycle-computers/
Plato’s Closet. (2013). Entreprenuer. Retrieved from http://www.entrepreneur.com/franchises/platoscloset/282703-0.html#
Poretsky, S. (n.d.). Where do companies sell their unsold inventory?. AZCentral. Retrieved from
http://yourbusiness.azcentral.com/companies-sell-unsold-inventory-23619.html
References
Raiti, T. (2010). The clothing life cycle comes full circle. Textile World. Retrieved from
http://teach.itg.emerson.edu/surviveandthrive/2010/12/the-clothing-life-cycle-comes.html
The recycler’s exchange. (2013). Recycler’s World. Retrieved from http://www.recycle.net/Textile/jobs/
The Salvation Army. (2013). Retrieved from http://www.use.salvationarmy.org/USE/www_usn20.nsf/vw-dynamic-index/
57676AE263474A608825767400686622?openDocument
Secondhand clothing. (n.d.). Fashion Worldwide. Retrieved from
http://www.bergfashionlibrary.com/staticfiles/Encyclopedia/Secondhand-Clothing-Global-Fashion.pdf
Second-hand goods in-store retail trade statistics. (2009). Eurostat. Retrieved from
http://epp.eurostat.ec.europa.eu/statistics_explained/index.php/Second-hand_goods_in-store_retail_trade_statistics_-
_NACE_Rev._1.1
Shell, H. R. (n.d.). Spreadable Media. Retrieved from http://spreadablemedia.org/essays/shell/#.Um2pUvlJOxI
Treanor, Z. (2011). Sustainable apparel: Integrating global commerce and increasing consumer awareness. California State
University. Retrieved from http://www.dbsthriftconnection.com/PDF/Integrating%20Global%20Value%20Chains%20and
%20Consumer%20Awareness%20for%20Sustainabl....pdf
What happens to your donations?. (2011). Goodwill Industries. Retrieved from
http://www.goodwillakron.org/about/environmental/what-happens-to-your-donations
Wills, A. (2010). How much ‘Goodwill’ is your donation worth?. Earth 911. Retrieved from
http://earth911.com/news/2010/06/29/how-much-goodwill-is-your-donation-worth/