Life Science Life Science IntroductionIntroductionReview Sheet AnswersReview Sheet Answers

1. How did Louis Pasteur’s 1. How did Louis Pasteur’s experiment disprove the experiment disprove the

idea of spontaneous idea of spontaneous generation?generation?

The broth that had been boiled did not have The broth that had been boiled did not have bacteria. This proved that bacteria only bacteria. This proved that bacteria only grew from existing bacteria.grew from existing bacteria.

2. What are the 6 2. What are the 6 characteristics of living characteristics of living

things?things?Cellular OrganizationCellular OrganizationSimilar ChemicalsSimilar ChemicalsEnergy UseEnergy UseGrowth and DevelopmentGrowth and DevelopmentResponse to SurroundingsResponse to SurroundingsReproductionReproduction

3. 4 Basic Needs of All 3. 4 Basic Needs of All living Thingsliving Things

EnergyEnergyWaterWater Living SpaceLiving SpaceStable Internal ConditionsStable Internal Conditions

4. What is the difference 4. What is the difference between growth and between growth and

development?development?Grow = Get biggerGrow = Get biggerDevelop = Change into something differentDevelop = Change into something different

5. What is the difference 5. What is the difference between an autotroph and between an autotroph and

a heterotroph?a heterotroph?Auto = make their own foodAuto = make their own foodHetero = Cannot make their own foodHetero = Cannot make their own food

6. Give an example of a 6. Give an example of a stimulus and response.stimulus and response.

Answers will vary.Answers will vary. Stimulus: Bright LightStimulus: Bright Light Response: Squinting EyesResponse: Squinting Eyes Stimulus: The heat is on inside a buildingStimulus: The heat is on inside a building Response: You take your winter coat off.Response: You take your winter coat off.

MicroscopesMicroscopes1. What is the difference 1. What is the difference between a compound and between a compound and

simple microscope?simple microscope?Compound = 2 lensesCompound = 2 lensesSimple = 1 lensSimple = 1 lens

2. What did Robert Hooke 2. What did Robert Hooke discover with the discover with the

microscope?microscope?CellsCells

3. When you carry the 3. When you carry the microscope, where should microscope, where should

you place your hands?you place your hands?One on the arm, and one on the base.One on the arm, and one on the base.

4. When you turn the 4. When you turn the microscope off, which microscope off, which

objective lens should be objective lens should be directly above the stage?directly above the stage?

LowLow

5. Always start focusing 5. Always start focusing your microscope with your microscope with which objective lens?which objective lens?

Low powerLow power

6. When focusing on 6. When focusing on medium and high powers, medium and high powers,

you can only use which you can only use which adjustment knob?adjustment knob?

FineFine

Abiotic/BioticAbiotic/Biotic1. Define biotic and give 1. Define biotic and give

an example.an example. Living or was once living Living or was once living

Wooden DeskWooden Desk

2. Define abiotic and give 2. Define abiotic and give an example.an example.

Never, ever living.Never, ever living. Rock or mineralRock or mineral

3. If you are looking under 3. If you are looking under the microscope, what the microscope, what

would you see in a biotic would you see in a biotic sample?sample?

CellsCells

Cell Parts and Cell Parts and FunctionsFunctions

Cell WallCell Wall

Rigid layer of non-living material that Rigid layer of non-living material that surrounds the cellsurrounds the cell Plant and BacteriaPlant and Bacteria

Cell MembraneCell Membrane

Controls what substances enter and leave the Controls what substances enter and leave the cell. It also offers protection.cell. It also offers protection. All cell typesAll cell types

LysosomesLysosomes

Contains chemicals that break down large Contains chemicals that break down large food particles into smaller ones.food particles into smaller ones. Animal Cells (your book also says some plant)Animal Cells (your book also says some plant)

Golgi Apparatus (or Golgi Apparatus (or body)body)

The mailroomThe mailroomThis part receives proteins and other newly This part receives proteins and other newly

formed materials from the ER, packages formed materials from the ER, packages them, and distributes them to other parts of them, and distributes them to other parts of the cell.the cell. Plant and Animal CellsPlant and Animal Cells

NucleusNucleus

The Cell’s control center.The Cell’s control center. It directs all of the cell’s activitiesIt directs all of the cell’s activities

Plant and animal cellsPlant and animal cells

NucleolusNucleolus

Makes ribosomesMakes ribosomes Plant and animal cellsPlant and animal cells

ChromatinChromatin

Genetic material or instructions that direct Genetic material or instructions that direct the functions of the cellthe functions of the cell Plant and animalPlant and animal

RibosomesRibosomes

Factories that produce proteinsFactories that produce proteins All cell typesAll cell types

Endoplasmic Reticulum Endoplasmic Reticulum (ER)(ER)

A series of passageways that carry proteins A series of passageways that carry proteins and other materials from one part of the cell and other materials from one part of the cell to anotherto another Plant and AnimalPlant and Animal

CytoplasmCytoplasm

Region between the cell membrane and the Region between the cell membrane and the nucleus. Many organelles are found here.nucleus. Many organelles are found here. All CellsAll Cells

VacuoleVacuole

The storage are of the cellThe storage are of the cell Plant (your book has it that they are also in Plant (your book has it that they are also in

plants – we will talk about this discrepancy)plants – we will talk about this discrepancy)

ChloroplastsChloroplasts

Capture energy from sunlight and use it to Capture energy from sunlight and use it to produce energy for the cell.produce energy for the cell. Plant cellsPlant cells

MitochondriaMitochondria

Mighty MitochondriaMighty MitochondriaProduces most of the cell’s energyProduces most of the cell’s energy

Plant and animal cellsPlant and animal cells

Nuclear MembraneNuclear Membrane

Protects the nucleus and controls what goes Protects the nucleus and controls what goes into and out of it.into and out of it. Plant and Animal CellsPlant and Animal Cells

VesicleVesicle

Portions of the ER break off to form small Portions of the ER break off to form small packages called vesicles. Vesicles transport packages called vesicles. Vesicles transport processed materials to the golgi body.processed materials to the golgi body. Plant and AnimalPlant and Animal

OrganelleOrganelle

Tiny cell structures that carry out specific Tiny cell structures that carry out specific functions.functions. All cell typesAll cell types