( Ciencias da Terra (UNL) Lisboa N"15 pp. 91 -I OO 2003 )2 PI.

Limnic ostracoda from Silveirinha, Portugal(? Late Paleocene - Lowermost Eocene)

Jean-Paul Colin (')& Misuel Telles Antunes (2.3. 4)o

Projecto "POCTII3653 1IPAU2000 - Stud ies on Portu guese Palaeontology (Post-Paleozo ic)", FCT Fundacao para a Ciencia e a Tecnolog ialMinisterio da Ciencia e das Universidades.

1. 3 Impasse des Biroulayres, 3361 0 Cestas, France.jean-paul.colin@wo rldon line.fr. 2. Academ ia das Cicncias de Lisboa. 3. European Academ yofArts, Sciences and Humanities. Paris. 4. Centro de Estudos Geologicos. Faculdade de Ciencias e Tecnologia (UNLVQuinta da Torre 2829-516

Caparica, Portugal. rnta@fct.unl.pt

Abstract

Key-words: Ostracoda; ?upper Paleocene/ lowermost Eocene; Silveirinha; Portugal.

Silveirinha, a rich site for mammals and other vertebrates, yielded some molluscs, charophytes and ostracods. The latter aredescribed here. Eight species were recognized. Two of them, Ilyocypris Iusitan tcus n. sp. and Cyp ris si lveirinhaensis n. sp. arc new.Other.unnamed species maybeascribedto Cyclocypris? andCypria? besides a further four undeterminate Cypridaeea.TheOstracodassociation is typical for limnic environments and is compatible with intertropical condit ions. Cypris si lvei rinhaensis suggests anEocene. and especiall y a lower Eocene age.

Resume

Patavras-cb ave: Ostracodos; ?Paleocenico superior! Eocenico basal; Silveirinha; Portugal.

A jazida de Silveirinha, rica de mamiferos e outros vertebrados, deu tarnbem moluscos, car6fitos e ostracodos, descritos nestetrabalho. Foram reconhecidas oito especies, duas novas: lli ocypris lusitanicus n. sp. e Cypris si lve irinhaensis n. sp. Alern destas,ocorrern especies atribui veis, possivelrnente, aos generos Cyclocypris (uma) e Cyp ria (uma) , ale rn de quatro de genero(s)indeterminado(s) da superfamilia Cypridacea. A associacao, tipicamente indicativa de meios lirnnicos, ecompativel com ambientesinter-tropicais. Do ponto de vista cronol6gico, Cypris si lveirinhaensls sugere idade do Eocenico, em particular do Eocenico inferior.

I. Introduction

Vertebrate remains have been col1ected by R. Pena dosReis (Un iversity of Coimb ra) in a clay pit at Silveirinha,lower Mon dego area, West-central Portuga l. T heconcerned lithostratigraphic unit is the "Areias e argilasde Taveiro", whose lower levels are late Cretaceous inage, mainly comp rises greenish, clayey beds crossed byfluviatile channels (Reis & Soares, 1981). Pelitic sedimentsare nearly sterile under a palaeonto logie viewpoi nt. Onthe other hand, the channels'infi l1ings are foss il-richmicroconglomerates .

Sedimentation occurred in an al1uvial plain, maybe inbogs that ofte n (seasona l1y?) were floode d throug hcrevasse-sp lay channels.

The first fossils were sent to M. T. Antunes, whoidentified some mammals that pointed out to lowermostEocene (Antunes, 198 1). That age was then recognizedfor the first time in Portugal (ibid.). A ful1er accou nt waspublished soon after (Antunes & Russel1 , 198 1).

A Research Program has been deve lopped since underthe direction ofM. T. Antu nes. Field work and subsequentwashing and sieving at the Earth Sciences Department ofthe Faculdade de Ciencias e Tecnologia (Universidade

91

Cienciasda Terra(UNL). 15

Nova de Lisboa) of more than 10 thousand kg ofsedime ntsallowed us to gathe r an impressive collection. Silveirinhabecame one of Western Europe's richest sites for thosetimes. It yielded a rich mammalian fauna (for a synthesis,see Antunes et aI., 1997) that was reco gnized as olderthan Doormat's (in Belgium, the type site for the MP7mammal -unit). Lat er on, a few si milar mammalianfaunulas from the Pyrenean region were shown to laystratigraphically under marine Paleocene beds (Gheerbrantet al., 1997).An uppe r Paleocene age cannot therefo re beexcluded as far as Silve irinha is concerned.

Other groups are represented: birds, including a wader(Harris on, 1983), a small-si zed crocodili an, ge nusDiplocynodon (A ntunes, under pri nting), snakes andliza rds as well as amphibians (Rage, this volume),Pelomedusid che lonians (De Lappare nt de Broin, idem),percomorph fishes (Gauda nt & Antunes, idem), scarce(except Bythinia s gastropods and exceedi ng ly ra relamellibranchs (Callapez, idem), ostracods, worms or othertrace-fossil producers, scarce seeds, charophyte gyrogonites(identified by J. Riveline, Antunes & Colin, this volume),besi des coprolithes and a few amber fragments.

Most fossils unde rwent diagenetic silicification andwater transportation. They are often abraded.

I/yocypris conroe Mandelstam , 196 1 common in theEocene of China (Hou et 01.• 1978), which also lacks thepostero -ventral node.

Family Candonidae Kaufmann, 1900Subfamily Cyclocypridinae Kaufmann, 1900Genus Cyclocypris Brady & Norman, 1889

Cyclocypris ? sp.(PI. 2, fig. 8)

Dimensions: L = 0.5 1 mm; h = 0.46 mm.

Rem arks: This species, tentatively assigned to the genusCyclocypris , is morphologically close to Porpocyprissphaeroidalis Guan 1978 and Cyprois globra Chen, 1982(ill Hou et 01.) from the uppermost Cre taceous of China(Zhang, 1992).

Genus Cyp ria Zenker, 1854

Cypria? sp.(PI. 2, figs. 7,9, 10)

Dimension s: L = 0.43 mm; h = 0.29 mm.

Remarks: Rather small species, strong ly compressed. Arelated species, Cypris dorsalta Malz & Moyadepour, 1973from the Miocene and Oligocene (Carbonnel et 01., 1985)of respectively Germany and Switzerland, is higher.

2. T he Ostracoda

The limnic ostracode assemblage found in Silverinh ais we ll diversified, with 8 species recognized.

Illustrated materi al is provi sionally deposited in theco llec tions of the Ce ntro de Es tudos Geolcgicos,Faculdade de Ciencias e Tecnologia (UNL). Family

SubfamilyGenus

Cyprididae Baird, 1845Cypridinae Baird , 1845Cypris Muller, 1898

SubclassOrderSuborderSuperfamilyFamilyGenus

OS T RA C O DA Latreille, 1806PODO COPIDA Muller, 1894PODOCOPA Sars, 1866Cypridacea Baird, 1845Ilyocyprididae Kaufmann , 1900I/yocypris Brady & Norman, 1889

Ilyocypris lusitanicus n, sp.(PI. I, figs. 1-2, 4, 8)

Cyp ris silveirinhaensis n. sp.(PI. I , figs .3, 5-7)

Deriva tion of nam e: from the type locality Silveirinha.Holotyp e: Cara pace (PI. I, fig. 5).Paratypes: 3 carapaces.!\Iaterial: 12 speci mens.Type locality a nd horizon: Silveirinha, Portugal, LowerEocene.

Derivation of name: from Portugal.Holotyp e : I carapace (PI. I, fig. 2).Paratypes: 3 carapaces .Material: 5 carapaces.

Diagnosis: species of I/yocyp ris, strongly reticulate, with3 dorsa l, a sub-median and a postero-ve ntral nodes.

Dimensions: L = 0.73 mm - 0.75 mm; h = 0.40 mm;e =0.34 mm.

Remarks: Related species are Ilyocypris essertinesensisCarbonnel et 01. 1985 from the Chattian (Oligocene) ofSwi tzerland , which differs by the ab sence of apo st ero-ventral tubercle and is slightly larger; and

92

Diagnosis: Species ofthe genus Cypris with the followingcharacters: moderate size carapace, finely reticulated, weakanterior lip.

Dimensio ns: L = 1.22 - 1.39 mm; h = 0.76-0.90 mm;e =0.89 mm.

Remarks: Cypris silveirinhaensis is closely related tothe followin g species:

- Cypris sp. Tambareau et 01. 1991, from the Ilerdian ofthe Montagne-Noire (Southern France ), is smooth or veryfine ly pun ctated , higher, with the greatest height in amedian position.

- Cypris pseudodecaryi Guemet 1981 from the Spam acianof the Paris Basin has a more com pressed anterior margin,its dors al margin is more inclined and the oma mentionmuch finer .- Cypris decaryi Gauthier, 1933, a recent intertropical species,is large r, high er and finely punctate (Neale, 1976b).• Cypris henanensis Guan & Sun 1978 (= Cypris cf.decaryi auct.) from the Eocene of China (Guan, 1984;Guan & Sun, 1978; Zheng, 1983; Hou et 01. 1978, 1982;Hao, 1988; Hao et a/., 1988; He & Zhang, 1982; He etal.,1988), has a higher and more symmetrical carapace and avery finely punctate carapace.- Cypris f avosa Ye (in Hou et 01., 1978) from the Eoceneof China has a similar micro-reticu late ornamentation butthe carapace is narrower and more elongated.- Cypris subglobosa Sowerby, 1840 senSli Neale, 1976a ,a recent species from India, Sri Lanka and Eastern Europe ,is more elongated and the recticulation meshes are larger.

Indet. Cypridacea

Indet, Cypri dacea sp. I(PI. 2, fig. 5)

Dimen sions: L = 1.45 ; h = 0.93 mm.

Rem a r ks: outline comparable to Hebeina ovata Boj e,1978 from the Oligocene of China.

Indet, Cypridacea sp. 2(PI. 2, fig. 6)

Di mensio ns : L = 1.23 mm; h =0.92 mm .

Indel. Cypridacea sp . 3(PI. I, figs. 8, 10; PI. 2, figs. 1, 2)

Dimensio ns: L = 0.78- 0.8 1 mm; h =0.4 6·0.50 mm.

Re mar ks : morphol ogicall y re lat ed fo rm s from th eCenozoi c o f Ch ina have been referred to th e genusEucypris by many Chinese authors (Hou et a/., 1978,1982).

Indet , Cypridacea sp. 4(P I. 2, figs. 3, 4)

Ciencias da Terra(UNL), 15

Dimensions: L =0.96 - 0.98.

Remarks: the same as for Cyp ridacea sp . 3.

3. C onclusions

I) T he ostracod associat ion from Silveirinha comprisesthe following spec ies (absence of loose valves hampersgeneric attribution of some):

lIiocypris lusitanicus n. sp.Cyclocypris ? sp.Cypria? sp.Cypris silveirinhaens is n. sp.Inde l. Cyp ridacea sp. IIndel. Cyp ridacea sp. 2Indet, Cypr idacea sp. 3Indet, Cypridacea sp. 4.

2) Th e most diagnostic spec ies are l/yocypris Iusitanicusn. sp.and Cypris silveirinhaensis n. sp.

3) Th e presence of Cypris silverinhaensis n. sp. suggestsan Eoce ne age as this species is very closely related to:Cypris sp., described by Tambareau et 01., 1991 from theIlerd ian of Sou thern France; Cyp ris ps eudodecaryiGuem et, 198 1 from the Spam acian of the Pari s Basin;and Cypris henanensis Guan & Sun , 1978, from the Eoceneof China.

4) Th e Silveirinha's association ofostracods clearly pointsout to limnic environments.

5) The s am e as soc ia ti o n seems co mpat ib le w ithintertropical condit ions.

Acknowledgeme n ts

We are plea sed to express ou r sincere ackn owledgement s to Dr. P. Carbonel (Talence, France) and C. Guerne t(Paris, France) for the SEM phot ograms, Dr. E. Kempf(K iel, Ge rmany) for bibliographic he lp , and Dr. ANascimento (Monte de Caparica, Portugal) for preliminaryexamination of the Silveirinha ostracodes.

93

Ciencias da Terra (UNLJ. 15

References

Antunes, M. Telles (198 1) - As areias e arg ilas de Si lveirinha II - Aspectos paleontologicos. Memories e Noticias, Pubt. Mils. Lab.Mineral. Geol.. Univ: Coimbra, 91-92: 255-267.

Antunes, M. Telles; Casanovas, M.L.; Cuesta, M.A.; Checa, LI.; Santafe, J.V. & Agusti, J. (1997) - Eocene mamma ls from theIberian Peninsu le. Actes du Congres BiochroM'97, J.-P. Aguilar, S. Legendre & J. Michaux (Eds.). Mem. Trav. E.P.H.E.. Inst.Montpellier, 21: 337-3 52,2 fig.

Antunes , M. Telles & Russell , D. E. (198 I) - Le gisement de Silveirinha (Bas Mondego, Portugal ): la plus ancieone faune deVertebres eocenes con nue en Euro pe . C. R. Acad. Sci . Paris. 293 (2 1 Decernbre 1981), Ser ie II: 1099-1102 .

Boij e, (1978) - Early Tertiary ostracod fauna from the coastal region ofBohai, Nanjing: 1-242.

Ca rbonnel, G ; Weidmann, M. & Berger, J.-P. (1985) - Les ostracodes lacustres et saumatres de la Mo lasse de Suisse occ identale.Revil e de Paleobiologie, Ge neve , 4, 2: 215-251.

Gheerbrant, E.; Abr ial, C. & Cuenca, G (1997) - Nouveau Mammifere condylarthre du Paleocene superieur de Campo (Pyreneesaragonaises, Espag ne). C. R. Acad. Sci . Paris , 324, Serie IIa: 599-606, 3 fig., I pI.

Guan Shao-Ze ng (1984) - Early Tertiary ostracods from Liguanqiao basin in the border area ofHenan and Hubei, with a note on theontogeny of Cypris henaensis. Acta Micropaleontol. Sintca , Beijing. I, I: 90-98.

Guan Shao-Zeng (1988) - Palaeocene non-marine ostracods in Ch ina. III : Hanai, T., Ikeya, N. & lshizaki, K. edits. EvolutionaryBiology afOstracoda. Its fundamentals Gildapplications . Elsevier-Kodansha, Amsterdam-Tokyo: 1147-1152

Gueme t, C. (198 I ) - Ostracodes spamaciens du Bassi n de Paris (F rance) . Revue de Micropa leontologie, Paris, 24, I : 51-66 .

Haoyi-Chun (1988) - Cretaceous and Palaeogene ostracod biostrati graphy in Xining and Minhe basins ofChina . III : Hanai, T., lkeyaN. & Ishizaki, K. edits. Evolutionary Biology of Ostracoda. Its fundamentals and applications . Elsev ier-Koda nsha,Amsterdam-Tokyo: I163-I1 71.

Hao Yichun; Zhou Xiugao; Song Qushan ; Yang Guodong; Cheng Sguwei & Wei Zhenxin ( 1988) - Middle Jurassic-Tert iary depositsand ostracod-charophyra fossil assemblages of Xining and Minh e basins . Journal IVllhall College Geology, 23: 1-210.

Harrison, C. J. O . ( 1983) - A new wade r (Charadriiforrnes) from the ea rly Eocene of Portugal. Ciencias da Terra rUNL) , Lisboa ,7: 9-16, 2 fig.

He Jun-de & Zhang Xiao-Jun ( 1982) - Cretaceous-Tertiary ostracods from the Yangtze- Han river basin in Hubei. Bulletin ofNanjingInstitute Geology Palaeontology, Academia Sinica , Nanjing, 5: 177-208.

He Ju ri-de; Van Nie uvanuise, D.S. & Swain, F.M. (1988) - Biostratigraphy of Paleogene non-marine ostraco da from East Ch ina.In: Hanai, T.; Ikeya, N. & Ishizaki, K. edits. Evolutionary Biology of Ostracoda. Its fu ndamenta ls and applications .Elsevier-Kodansha, Amsterdam-Tokyo: 1153-1 I61.

Hou You-Tang; Chen Te-Chiuung; Yang Heng-Ren; Ho Juri-de; Zhiu Quan-Chun & Tian Mu-Qu (1982) - Cre taceous-Quate rnaryostracod fauna from Jiangsu. Geol. Publ. House, Beij ing: 1-386.

Hou You-Tang; Ho Jun-de & Ye Chun-Hui ( 1978) - The Cretaceous-Tertia ry ostracods from the marginal reg ion ofthe Yangtze-Hanriver plain in Central Hubei. Mem. Nanjing Inst. Geol. Palaeontol., Academia Sin ica, 9: 129-206.

Keen, M. C. ( 1975) - The palaeobiology of some upper Palaeogene fresh-water ostracodes . I II Swai n, E M., Kom icker, L.S. &Lundin , R.E edits ., Biology and Palaeobiology of Ostraco da. BIIII. Allier. Palaeontol., 65, 282 : 27 1-283.

Malz, H. (1976) - Heterocypris vel Cyprinotus . Senckenbergiana Lethaea, Frankfurt -am-Main , 57, 2/3: 185-199.

Malz, H. (1977) - Cypridopsine Ostracoden aus dem Tert iar des mainzer Beckens. Senckenbergiana Lethaea, Frankfurt-am-Main,58, 4/5: 219-261.

Mal z, H. & Moyaedp our, E. ( 1973) - Miozane Susswasser-Ostracoden aus der Rhon, Senckenbergtana Lethaea , Frankfurt-a m-Main , 54, 2/4 : 28 1-309.

Nea le J.W. (1976a) - On Cypris subglobosa J. de C. Sowerby. Ste reo-A t/as of OsIracod Shells, London, 3, 2: 125-132.

Nea le, J.W. ( 1976b) - On Cypris decary i Gauthier. Stereo-A tlas ofOstra cod Shells , London, 3, 2: 133-140.

Reis, R. Pena dos & Soares, A. Ferreira (1981) - As areias e argilas de Silveirinha. 1 - Aspectos sedimentol6gicos. M emoriasNoticias, Publ. Mus. Lab. Mineral. Geol., Univ. Coimbra, n.· 91-92 : 245-255 , 8 fig.

Tambareau, Y. (1984) - Les ostracodesdu "Montien continental"de Hainin, Hainault, Belgique. Revue Micropaleontologie. Paris,27,2: 144-156.

Tambareau, Y.; Gruas-Cavagnetto , C.; Feist , M. & Villatte, J. (1991) - Flores et faunes continentales ilerdiennes du versan t Sud dela MontagneNoire et de la Montagne d'Alaris. Revue Micropaleontologie. Paris, 34, 1: 69-89.

94

Ciencias da Terra (UNLJ, 15

Zhang Xian-Qiu (1985) - Early Tertiary ostracods from Dongguan basin, Guangdong . Acta Palaeontologica Sinica , Beijing,24, 4: 413-423.

Zhang Xian-Qiu (1991) - Discussion on the Cretaceous-Tertiary boundary in Nanxiong basin in the light ofostracod fauna. Guangdonggeol., 6, 3: 61-72.

Zhang Xian-Qiu (1992) - A study on ostracod fauna of Shanghu Format ion and Cretaceous-Tertiary boundary in Nanxiong basin,Guangdong . Acta Palaeontologica Sinlca, Beijing, 31, 6: 678-702.

Zheng Shu-Ying (1983) - Early Tertiary non-marine ostracodes from Changhe of Cixi, Zhej iang. Acta Palaeontologiea Stntca.Beijing, 22, 5: 577-581.

95

Ciincias da Terra (UNL), 15

1, 2, 4, 8 -llyocypris lusitanicus n. sp.

I. Carapace, left view, x 80.2. Carapace, right view, hoJotype, x 80.4. Carapace, dorsal view, x 80.8. Carapace, dorsal view, slightly tilted, x 80.

3, 5-7 - Cypris silveirinhaensis n. sp.

3. Carapace, ventral view, x 40.5. Carapace, right view, holotype, x 45.6. Carapace, left view, x 40.7. Carapace, right view, x 45.

9, 10 - Indet, Cypridacea sp. I

9. Carapace, male, right view, x 70.10. Carapace, female, right view, x 70.

96

Plate 1

Ciincias da Terra (UNL). 15

PLATE I

97

Ciencias da Terra (UNL). 15

I, 2 - lnd et. Cyprideacea sp. I

I . Carapace, female left view, x 80.2. Cararapace, fem ale, right view, x 80.

3-4 - Indet. Cypridacea sp. 2

3. Carapace, male, right view, x 60.4. Carapace, female, right view, x 80.

5 - Indet, Cypr idacea sp. 3.

Carapace, right view, x 40 .

6 - Indet, Cypridacea sp. 4

Carapace, left view, x 40 .

7,9, 10 - Cypria sp.

7. Carapace, right view, x 115.9. Carapace, left view, x 115.10. Carapace, right view, x 130.

8 - Cyc/ocypris ? sp.

Ca rapace, right view, x 80.

98

Plate 2

Ciincias da Terra (UNL). 15

PLATE 2

99