Lindsay Frederick Lighting + Electrical Ron Dodson ... · Lindsay Frederick Lighting + Electrical Ron Dodson | Faculty Advisor Native American Cultural Center | Arizona Technical

Lindsay Frederick

Lighting + Electrical

Ron Dodson | Faculty Advisor

Native American Cultural Center | Arizona

Technical Report 2

Native American Cultural Center Technical Report 2|p. 2

Executive Summary

The Native American Cultural Center in Arizona is a 48,000 sf facility created for tribe

members and visitors to learn about the culture and heritage of the Arizona tribe. The

electrical design is based on cost-savings and efficiency.

The following report determines the criteria for the electrical system, examines the

existing design, and explores alternative solutions.

The nature of its function as a cultural center determined the criteria. The Cultural

Center has short and specific operating hours of occupancy. It contains no important

data or data storage and no important special equipment that relates to life-safety.

The engineers at SmithGroupJJR created a practical design that meets code and is

sensitive to both initial costs and long term costs.

The analysis determined that, even with the other options available, the design from

SmithGroupJJR is the best alternative for the Tribe.


Table of Contents Executive Summary ................................................................................................................................. 2

Electrical Systems Criteria ...................................................................................................................... 5

Electrical Load Estimate..................................................................................................................... 5

Arizona Public Service Rate Schedule ........................................................................................... 5

Building Utilization Voltages .............................................................................................................. 6

Emergency Power Requirements .................................................................................................... 6

IBC ........................................................................................................................................................ 6

NEC ...................................................................................................................................................... 6

Special Occupancy Requirements ................................................................................................ 6

Special Equipment .............................................................................................................................. 7

Priority List for Electrical System Design .......................................................................................... 7

Loads with Optional Back-up Power .............................................................................................. 7

Special/Communications Building Systems ................................................................................. 7

Special/Communications Service to Building ............................................................................. 7

Major Equipment needed ................................................................................................................. 7

Existing Electrical System Analysis ........................................................................................................ 7

Existing Electrical Rate Schedule and Service Voltage ............................................................ 8

Existing Building Utilization Voltage ................................................................................................. 8

Existing Emergency Power ................................................................................................................ 8

Special Occupancy Requirements ................................................................................................ 9

Special Equipment .............................................................................................................................. 9

Existing Electrical Equipment ............................................................................................................ 9

Existing Loads on Optional Back-up Power ................................................................................ 11

Special/Communications Systems ............................................................................................... 11

Telephone/data ............................................................................................................................. 11

Fire alarm .......................................................................................................................................... 11

CATV .................................................................................................................................................. 11

Security – Intrusion Detection, Video Surveillance ............................................................... 11

Other ................................................................................................................................................. 11

Square footage of Electrical and Communications Spaces ................................................ 12


Energy Cost Savings/Energy Reduction Techniques ............................................................... 12

Electrical One Line Diagram ........................................................................................................... 13

Existing Electrical System Evaluation and Potential Changes .................................................. 14

Comparison of Estimated vs. Actual Connected Building Loads ........................................ 14

Power Company Rate Schedule .................................................................................................. 14

Building Utilization Voltage .............................................................................................................. 14

Emergency Power System ............................................................................................................... 15

Electrical Equipment Analysis ......................................................................................................... 15

Optional Back-up Power ................................................................................................................. 16

Integration Possibilities ...................................................................................................................... 16

Energy Reduction Techniques ....................................................................................................... 16


Electrical Systems Criteria

Electrical Load Estimate

Assume the following load approximations:

Lighting: 3 W/sf

Receptacles: 1 W/sf

HVAC: 5 W/sf

The resulting energy use would be

Lighting: 145800 VA

Receptacles: 48600 VA

HVAC: 243000 VA.

There is no special equipment to take into consideration.

Demand Factors are as follows:

Lighting: 125%

Receptacles: First 10kVA 100%, Remainder 50%

Mechanical/Other: 100%

Arizona Public Service Rate Schedule1

The Cultural Center should have a secondary service from the power company. For a

facility this small, it would make the most sense for the power company to own the

transformer. Additionally, the service should be provided at 277/480V to support the

larger mechanical equipment and allow for smaller currents corresponding with the

lighting.

General Service (metered kW demand)

Basic Service Charge: $1.068 per day

Bundled Package Demand Charge: $21.149 per kW for the first 100 kW, plus

$14.267 per kW for all additional kW

1 Arizona Public Service <http://www.aps.com/main/services/business/rates/>


Building Utilization Voltages

Service Entrance: 277/480V

Lighting – 277V

Receptacle – 120V

Mechanical –208V or 480V

Special Equipment – Elevator: 480V

Emergency Power Requirements

IBC

Smoke Control Systems: Smoke Control Systems must have two sources of power: the

normal building power and the second approved standby by ICC Electrical Code.

Emergency Lighting: Aisles and egress require automatic illumination in the event of a

power outage that lasts greater than or equal to 90 minutes and provides at least 1fc

with a uniformity ratio of 40 to 1.

Elevators: “Where only one elevator is installed, the elevator shall automatically transfer

to standby power within 60 seconds after failure of normal power2.”

NEC

Emergency power is required for systems that are essential for life safety. The capacity

must be adequate for all loads to be operated simultaneously. Wiring for emergency

circuits must be kept independently of other wiring, i.e. in different conduit.

Emergency power source must take occupancy and type of service into consideration.

These sources include batteries, generators, uninterruptable power supplies, separate

service, fuel cell system, and unit equipment. I would recommend the use of a battery

source system because it is a low initial cost and because fire alarms and emergency

lighting are the only necessary items for life safety in this facility.

Emergency Lighting accounts for approximately 18000 VA. The elevator adds 13815 VA.

Assuming another 20000 VA for Security and Fire Alarm systems, back-up power would

need to support 60kVA at a voltage of 277/480V.

Special Occupancy Requirements

There are no special occupancy requirements for the Native American Cultural Center.

2 IBC 2006 3003.1.2


Special Equipment

There should be an elevator in the cultural center to move individuals to and from the

ground floor to the lower level.

Priority List for Electrical System Design

Reliability - Medium

Power Quality - Low

Redundancy - Low

Initial Cost - High

Long term ownership cost - Medium

Flexibility - High

Loads with Optional Back-up Power

Access Control – Card readers

Security System

Special/Communications Building Systems

Telephone/data

Fire Alarm – IBC requirements listed on page 6

CATV

Access Control – Card swipes

Security – Intrusion and Video Surveillance

Special/Communications Service to Building

Telephone

Data

CATV

Major Equipment needed

Space will be needed for the switchboard. There is no need for a generator, meaning

no need for extra space. The rest of the equipment is small enough that it doesn’t

require a significant amount of extra space.

Existing Electrical System Analysis

Electrical Loads

Mechanical Systems 422011 VA

Panelboards 757209 VA


Connected Building Loads

Lighting: 65249 VA

Receptacle: 351704 VA

Mechanical: 299254 VA

Special Equipment: n/a

Total: 678681 VA

Existing Electrical Rate Schedule and Service Voltage

General Service (metered kW demand)

Basic Service Charge: $1.068 per day

Bundled Package Demand Charge: $21.149 per kW for the first 100 kW, plus

$14.267 per kW for all additional kW

Existing Building Utilization Voltage

The existing design utilizes 277/480V for the lighting system and the majority of the

mechanical system. Receptacles and select mechanical equipment uses 120/208V.

By operating the lighting on the higher voltage, the lighting will draw less current and

reducing the operating cost.

Existing Emergency Power

There is no emergency power generation for the Cultural Center. The lighting is

powered by batteries in case of an emergency.

Panelboard

Connected

Load (VA)

Estimated Demand

Load (VA)

BHA 245293 235940

1HA 68247 58194

1HB 215562 191717

1LK 37800 37800

1LK2 12600 12600

1LB1 95624 67053

1LB2 45116 34551

1LB3 15498 14153

BLA1 54180 43236

BLA2 7680 7680

BLA3 3177 3177

1LA1 44990 31585

1LA2 20560 16835

1LA3 2230 2688


Special Occupancy Requirements

There are no special occupancy requirements.

Special Equipment

There is an Elevator from the ground to lower level of the cultural center.

Existing Electrical Equipment

The main service is a single ended system with a1200A, 277/480V, 3 phase – 4 wire

switchboard. The switchboard is a steel, NEMA 250, Type 1 enclosure and contains a

IEEE C62.41-compliant surge protection device. It is located in the lower level “SES”

room.


The main transformer is outdoor, liquid-type, and utility-owned by the Arizona Public

Service.

There are 5 step down transformers, 3 – 75kVA and 2 – 112.5kVA, that connect to the

panelboards with receptacle loads. They are NEMA 250, Type 2 with copper coils. The

transformers are a NEMA TP-1 efficiency.

The panelboards are MLO, NEMA 250, Type 1, copper. They utilize molded-case circuit

breakers with mechanical type lugs.

There are three distribution panels fed from the switchboard. The feeder for each is 2

sets of 4#3/0 + 1#3 ground in two 2” EMT conduit.

Conductors are copper and comply with NEMA WC 70. Conductor insulation complies

with NEMA WC 70 for types THHN=THWN and XHHW.


The conduit is rigid steel where it is exposed and EMT where it is concealed.

Receptacles are either straight blade 5-20R or GFCI straight blade, class A with indicator

light.

Switch and receptacle faceplates are smooth, high-impact thermoplastic with metal

plate-securing screws that color-match the faceplate.

The motor starters are individual starters for multispeed motors.

There is no existing UPS for this system.

Existing Loads on Optional Back-up Power

There is no emergency back-up power for optional systems. The only back-up power for

the whole building is with the emergency lighting which utilizes battery power.

Special/Communications Systems

Telephone/data

There is a Main Distribution Frame on the lower level of the Cultural Center for the

telecommunications system. Four electrical conduits run under the building out to a

4’x4’x4’ Telecommunications vault to the east of the building. The vault is provided

service via six – 4” electrical conduit stemming from the service telecom vault to the

north. Additionally, six – 4” electrical conduit lead out of the vault to an existing casino

telecom vault to the south.The rack is then connected to the appropriate panelboard.

Fire alarm

Each space in the cultural center has at least one fire alarm horn and strobe. Smoke

detectors are in the transition spaces.

CATV

There is CATV cable running from the telecommunications rack throughout the building.

Security – Intrusion Detection, Video Surveillance

There is one fixed security camera for each section of parking lot (2). Three security

cameras capable of rotating 180 degrees protect the main entry area. The conduits for

the exterior cameras route back to MDF B106 on the lower level.

Other

There is power fed to the door operators for ADA access.

The drawings do not indicate that any of these systems are integrated, nor are there

demand management systems in place.


Square footage of Electrical and Communications Spaces

Five rooms totaling in 653sf of 48,600sf total building. This means that the electrical and

communications rooms make up 1.34% of the total building square footage.

Energy Cost Savings/Energy Reduction Techniques

The building is not LEED certified, but due to the location in Arizona and the state’s dark

sky ordinances, the Native American Cultural Center employs curfews to turn off the

exterior lighting.


Electrical One Line Diagram

Not to scale. Provided by SmithGroupJJR.

J

J

J

J

J

J

J

J

T75

400

400A

SPD

M

PANELBHA

T-BLA1

PANELBLA1

100

PANELBLA2

T75

400

400A

PANEL1HA

T-1LA1

PANEL1LA1

225

PANEL1LA2

T112

400

400A

PANEL1HB

T

PANEL1LB1

400

PANEL1LB2

1,00

0A GFI

LSIG LSI

LSI

LSI

TO ARIZONA PUBLIC SERVICEUTILITY TRANSFORMERCOORDINATE EXACT LOCATIONAND REQUIREMENTS WITHAPS.

125-3

225A

LSI

ELEVATOR

80A

BOND TO GROUNDINGELECTRODE SYSTEM,WATER PIPING, ANDBUILDING STEEL PERNEC REQUIREMENTS.

100

PANEL1LB3

300

300A

LSI

AHU-1

SERVICE ENTRANCE SECTION - SES1200A, 277/480V, 3PH-4W42,000 AIC

M

UTILITYMETER

CUSTOMERMETER(A, V, kWhr,PF, VAR)

BUSSMANUNIT

NOTE-ALL PANELS TO BE PROVIDED WITH 20A1PBREAKERS TO FILL ALL 42 SPACES UNLESS NOTEDOTHERWISE.

T30

T-1LAIG

PANEL1LAIG

T75

T-1LK

PANEL1LK

100

PANEL1LK2

T75

T-1LA3

PANEL1LA3

KITCHEN PANELPROVIDE 42CKT FOR FUTUREKITCHEN EQUIPMENT

KITCHEN PANELPROVIDE 42CKT FOR FUTUREKITCHEN EQUIPMENT

PANELBLA3

225FEED THRULUGS

100-5#2 #2 #2 #2 #2#8

T112

T

#1/0

DIMMERRACK

DR

FUTURE.

400

F15

F18

400

F13F9F2

F8 F5

E501

F12AFC=<10K AFC=<10K AFC=<10K

AFC=<10K

AFC=<10KAFC=<10K AFC=<10K

FAM

MAINENTRY

IDF 2155

MDF ROOM

LOWER LEVEL

GROUND FLOOR

120V

120V

120V

120V

120V

FAAP

TVSS

FACP

BATT

AMP

FATCFI

NACFAM

TVSS

TVSS

AMP TVSS

FATC FI

NAC FAMTVSS

F

FI

753015

120V

TVSS

EVAC

FAM FAM

TSWF

110 753015

75 30 1511075 30 15

FIRE RISER AT LOADINGDOCK

DH

(TYP)

FAC

(TYP)

DH

FAC

(TYP)

(TYP)

(TYP)

TVSS

NAC

TYPICAL ELEC. RM.

FAM

120V AMPTVSS

75 30 1511075 30 15

TVSS

NAC

TYPICAL ELEC. RM.

FAM

120V AMPTVSS

75 30 1511075 30 15

SEE PLANSFOR CANDELLA,QUANTITYAND LOCATIONS(TYPICAL)




ELEVATOR MACHINE ROOM PROVIDE HEAT DETECTORWITHIN 2'-0" OF EACHSPRINKLER HEAD IN ROOM.

DRAWING NUMBER

PROJECT NUMBER

SCALE

DRAWING TITLE

KEYPLAN

SEALS AND SIGNATURES

ISSUED FOR REV DATE

THINKING CAPSSIGNAGE DESIGN

1425 NORTH FIRST AVESUITE 101PHOENIX, AZ 85004

SMITHGROUP JJRLANDSCAPE ARCHITECTURE

1425 N. 1st StreetPhoenix, AZ 85004P. 602.482.1425

COE & VAN LOO CONSULTANTS, INC.CIVIL ENGINEERS

4550 N. 12th StreetPhoenix, AZ 85014P. 602.285.4822

CARUSO TURLEY SCOTT, INC.STRUCTURAL ENGINEERS

1215 W. Rio Salado PkwySuite 200Tempe, AZ 85281P. 480.774.1744

455 NORTH THIRD STREETSUITE 250PHOENIX, AZ 85004602.265.2200www.smithgroupjjr.com

Plo

t Dat

e:

YAVAPAI INDIANCULTURAL CENTER

CULTURAL CENTER WAY,PRESCOTT, AZ

CONVERGENT TECHNOLOGIES, INC.AUDIO VISUAL, TELECOMMUNICATIONS, ACOUTICS

2132 E. Villa CourtTempe, AZ 85282P. 480.345.9951

SMITHGROUP JJRMECHANICAL, ELECTRICAL, PLUMBING ENGINEERS455 N. 3rd StreetSTE. 250Phoenix, AZ 85004P. 602.265.2200

1 : 1

7/5

/2012 1

1:0

4:5

2 A

M ELECTRICALDIAGRAMS

E5.1.119919.000

KEYED NOTES

SCALE: 12" = 1'-0"1 ELECTRICAL ONE LINE/RISER DIAGRAM

FEEDER SCHEDULEX

100 4#1 + 1#8 G, 1 1/2" C

100-5 5#1 + 2#8 G, 2" C (WITH IG AND EQUIPMENTGROUND)

125-3 3#1/0 + 1#6 G, 1 1/2" C

225 4#4/0 + 1#4 G, 2 1/2" C

300 4#350KCMIL + 1#4 G, 3" C

400 2 SETS OF 4#3/0 + 1#3 G, (2) 2" C

T30 30KVA TRANSFORMER, 480-208Y/120V, 3PHPRIMARY FEEDER: 3#6 + 1#10 G, 1-1/4" CSECONDARY FEEDER: 4#1 + 1#6 G, 1 1/2" CBONDING JUMPERS & GROUNDING ELECTRODECONDUCTOR: #6

T75 75KVA TRANSFORMER, 480-208Y/120V, 3PHPRIMARY FEEDER: 3#1 + 1#8 G, 1 1/2" CSECONDARY FEEDER: 4#4/0KCMIL + 1#2 G, 3" CBONDING JUMPERS & GROUNDING ELECTRODECONDUCTOR: #2

T112 112.5KVA TRANSFORMER, 480-208Y/120V, 3PHPRIMARY FEEDER: 3#1/0 + 1#6 G, 2" CSECONDARY FEEDER: 2 SETS OF 4#3/0 + 1#1/0 G,(2) 2-1/2" CBONDING JUMPERS & GROUNDING ELECTRODECONDUCTOR: #1/0

E501 BUSSMAN ELEVATOR POWER MODULE.480V/3P/100A WITH ALL REQUIREDOPTIONS INCLUDING SHUNT-TRIP, FIREALARM INTERFACE, FIRE ALARM TESTBYPASS, ETC. PROVIDE FUSING PERELEVATOR NAMEPLATE.

SCALE: 1 : 12 FIRE ALARM ONE-LINE DIAGRAM

A. COORDINATE FINAL LOCATION OF MECHANICAL EQUIPMENT ANDASSOCIATED DISCONNECT SWITCHES, STARTERS, VFDS,CONTROL POWER AND OTHER POWER REQUIREMENTS WITHDIV 23.

B. SEE MECHANICAL EQUIPMENT SCHEDULE ON E7 SERIES FORDISCONNECT AND WIRING REQUIREMENTS.COORDINATE WITHLOCAL UTILITY FOR ALL SITE SERVICE REQUIREMENTS.

C. CONTACT LOCAL UTILITY TO DENTIFY ALL EXISTINGUNDERGROUND UTILITIES.

D. THE SHORT CIRCUIT (FAULT CURRENT) CALCULATIONS ARE ANESSENTIAL PART OF THESE DRAWINGS. CONDUCTOR LENGTHSSHOWN IN THE SCHEDULE ARE BASED ON THE DIAGRAMMATICREPRESENTATION OF THE DRAWINGS. ALL PANELBOARDS,SWITCHBOARDS, ATS'S, MOTOR CONTROLLERS, LIGHTINGRELAY PANELS, OTHER DISTRIBUTION EQUIPMENT, ETC THATREQUIRE SHORT CIRCUIT LABELING PER NEC 110 SHALL HAVEAS A MINIMUM, A SCCR BASED ON THE CALCULATED AVAILABLEFAULT CURRENT AT THE COMPONENT LOCATION. ENSURE THATSCCR IS GREATER THAN THE CALCULATED AVAILABLE SHORTCIRCUIT CURRENT AT THE COMPONENT AND THAT THELOCATION OF COMPONENTS COMPLY WITH THE MINIMUMLENGTH SHOWN IN THE SCHEDULE. WHERE THE ACTUALLENGTH IS LESS THAN THE LENGTH USED TO CALCULATE THESHORT CIRCUIT CURRENT, CONTRACTOR SHALL INCREASE THECOMPONENT SCCR IN ACCORDANCE WITH THE CONDUCTORLENGTH OR INCREASE THE CONDUCTOR LENGTHACCORDINGLY. NOTIFY ENGINEER OF ANY PROPOSEDDEVIATION IN EQUIPMENT LOCATIONS INDICATED ON DRAWINGSPRIOR TO ROUGH-IN FOR APPROVAL.

SHEET NOTES

Electrical Load Schedule

PanelName

TotalConnected

Current

TotalEstimatedDemandCurrent

1HA 82 A 70 A

1HB 259 A 231 A

1LA1 125 A 88 A

1LA2 57 A 47 A

1LA3 6 A 7 A

1LAIG 0 A 0 A

1LB1 265 A 186 A

1LB2 125 A 96 A

1LB3 43 A 39 A

1LK 105 A 105 A

1LK2 35 A 35 A

BHA 295 A 284 A

BLA1 150 A 120 A

BLA2 21 A 21 A

BLA3 9 A 9 A

SES 816 A 752 A

T-1LA1 125 A 88 A

T-1LA3 6 A 7 A

T-1LAIG 0 A 0 A

T-1LB1 265 A 186 A

T-1LK 105 A 105 A

T-BLA1 150 A 120 A

T-DR NotComputed

NotComputed

30% CDs - ISSUED FOR GMP 27APR2012PERMIT SET 03JUL2012


Existing Electrical System Evaluation and Potential Changes

Comparison of Estimated vs. Actual Connected Building Loads

The estimates were based on averages for commercial buildings. In this case, the

cultural center incorporates LED technology which reduces the watts consumed. The

receptacle loads were greatly under-estimated, which could be due to the fact that

there are many receptacles in each room, i.e. more than a normal office building. The

mechanical estimate is relatively similar to the actual connected load.

Power Company Rate Schedule

Arizona Public Service is the only electric provider in the area. The voltage provided by

APS is 277/480V which is necessary to provide power to the HVAC units; therefore, I

wouldn’t suggest a change there. The rate schedule is based on the building system’s

capacity and therefore the rate cannot vary from the existing rates.

Note that there are advantages to a 120/208V system, in that there would be no need

for step-down transformers that end up taking up space in the electrical rooms. It also

means that the owner is reducing the initial cost of buying more transformers. With that

in mind, by running the lighting on 277/480V the owner will see another cost savings. The

existing lighting is specified at 277/480, but most of the light fixtures have a 120V

counterpart.

A 227/480V service also provides a better quality in that it reduces the harmonics.

I think it is still necessary, considering the equipment in the building to use a 277/480V

service.

Building Utilization Voltage

Lighting: The existing is 277/480, but it could be operated at 120/208V. For longer runs

however, wire size will increase a size or two just by using 120/208V over 277/480V; this

also means a higher voltage drop across the length of the wire. For initial cost concerns,

this could be a savings on the cost of copper.

Receptacle: Receptacles are operated on 120V.


Mechanical: Mechanical systems should be operated at 277/480V. For the size of the

loads and the corresponding equipment, it would be very costly to attempt to run the

mechanical system at 120/208V.

All in all, 277/480V allows for flexibility throughout the building systems and reduces

some initial cost with regards to the wiring.

Emergency Power System

The as-designed emergency power system is in accordance to code. All of the

emergency power for life-safety systems comes from batteries.

Using batteries over another source such as a UPS or a generator could mean more

maintenance and testing of the systems and their batteries.

Due to the priority being placed on initial costs over reliability, batteries appear to be

the better option.

With that in mind, it is not that reliability is not important. A generator would provide

further reliability and would not require any component to be exchanged regularly as

would batteries. It would also mean that there would need to be more wiring and more

space occupied in the electrical rooms. Any added equipment could provide an

added load on the mechanical systems (cooling) and structural systems (dead load).

Electrical Equipment Analysis

The existing Main Service Equipment is a switchboard. A switchboard is the cheaper

solution for a flexible electrical system. In the case of the cultural center, the operations

of the building are not as important to require that the system must be operating at all

times; therefore, it is not detrimental to the center to shut down the whole system to

make repairs or changes. For the previous reasons, I do not think it is necessary to

upgrade to something like a switchgear.

The system is, as well as should be, single-ended as redundancy is not important here.

The main service transformer is owned by the electric company and cannot be

changed unless the voltage.

The step-down transformers as existing are the highest efficiency transformers. Though

this would provide an overall savings with a short pay-back period, there is also the

option of installing lower efficiency transformers to reduce the initial cost. The as-

designed system is the most cost-effective choice for the Tribe.


Optional Back-up Power

If a generator were added into the design, it may be beneficial to connect the card

readers (access control) and security systems. This would provide a more reliable source

of power with less maintenance. If a generator is not part of the design, I believe that

battery power would make the most sense in terms of initial cost.

Integration Possibilities

While full building system coordination for the building is not necessary, it could be

beneficial for the lighting and the shades to be controlled together in order to make

the most of the daylight coming in as well as reduce the mechanical loads by dropping

the shades on sunny days.

Energy Reduction Techniques

The Tribe could save further costs by using the technique of demand shifting in order to

reduce the overall cost of electricity by turning off unnecessary electrical loads during

peak hours.

Documents

Lindsay Frederick Lighting + Electrical Ron Dodson ... · Lindsay Frederick Lighting + Electrical Ron Dodson | Faculty Advisor Native American Cultural Center | Arizona Technical