Linking Bio-energy, Bio-slurry and Composting

M.Fokhrul Islam

Advisor, SNV Netherlands Developments Organization

Bangladesh

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Nepal

1992

Bangladesh

2006

Laos

2006

Vietnam

2003

Cambodia

2006

Pakistan

2009

Indonesia

2009

SNV Renewable Energy (Biogas) Program in Asia

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Biomass Wastes to Energy via Anaerobic Digestion: Key Components

Blending & Preparation of

Feedstock

Anaerobic Digester

Anaerobic Digestion

Combustion of Biogas for Heat or Power Generation

Methane

CO2

Ammonia H2S

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Working of a Biodigester

INPUT

Process

Organic material (animal dung, poultry droppings, night soil etc)

Anaerobic fermentation

Biogas + Bio-slurry

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What is Biogas?

Flammable gas Produced by anaerobic

fermentation of organic

materials By the action of

methanogenic bacteria

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Bio-slurry is the decompose product produced from organic materials in a reduction process in presence of anaerobic microbes in the digester of biogas plant and came out from the hydraulic chamber

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Bio-slurry need energy for drying

Bio-slurry save energy

Linking Bio-slurry & Energy

Bio-slurry need energy for transport

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Bio-slurry is source of:

Soil Organic matter Energy for soil microorganisms

Plant nutrients Soil neutralizer

Manure OM (%)

Nutrient Concentration (%)

N P K S Ca Mg

Cow dung bio-slurry 27 1.42 0.68 0.32 0.33 1.41 0.85

Poultry manure bio-slurry 29 1.85 0.88 0.52 0.40 5.72 1.98

Buffalo dung bio-slurry 26 1.05 0.82 0.55 0.44 1.15 1.11

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Bio-slurry save: Natural resources Energy Cost Bangladesh is potential (in terms of input source) of establishing 3 million domestic biogas plants 1 plant (size 2.4 m3) produces 6 tons of dry bio-slurry annually Bangladesh can produces 18 million tons of dry bio-slurry annually

18 million tons of dry bio-slurry can supply nutrients equivalent to 0.57 M tons of urea, 0.61 M tons of TSP, 0.12 M tons of MoP and 0.33 M tons of gypsum annually

Producing 0.57 M tons of urea in factory require 19,380 mmcf CH4

19,380 mmcf CH4 gas can generate 200-220 MW electricity 18 million tons of dry bio-slurry can save US $ 643 million annually as cost of fertilizers (non subsidize basis)

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How much money a Bangladeshi farm household having a bio-digester (size 2.4 m3) can save using bio-slurry?

About US$ 148

Use of bio-slurry can save draft power and energy for land preparation

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Use of bio-slurry increased yield of: Energy rich food crops: Wheat, Rice - 9-16%

Bio-fuel producing plants/crops: Maize (17%), Jatrupa, Rubber

High value vegetable crops: Cabbage, Cauliflower, Tomato–11-48 %

Cash crops: Jute (4%), Tea

Treatment Cabbage Cauliflower Brinjal Tomato Maize Wheat Mustard Rice1 Jute yield (t ha-1)

Inorganic fertilizers

91.4 39.2 57.2 87.9 7.7 3.2 1.2 6.8 2.7

IPNS with manure

92.8 44.6 84.9 95.0 8.0 3.5 1.2 6.9 2.7

IPNS with bio-slurry

106.3 47.3 108.9 104.6 9.0 3.8 1.3 7.5 2.8

Farmers practice

78.8 37.4 49.9 77.8 7.6 3.1 1.0 6.2 2.6

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Use of Bio-slurry in Composting

Composting increases the

quality & quantity of bio-manure Composting helps in drying

of Bio-slurry

Materials use in composting

C/N ratio

Dry leaves ?

Kitchen wastes ?

Bedding materials ?

Water hyacinth 25

Maize stalk 60

Rice straw 70

Wheat straw 90

Saw dust 200

Paddy husk 250

Composting materials

Compost materials

Nutrient content (%) N P K S

CD slurry 1.42 0.68 0.32 0.33

CD slurry com. 1.73 0.85 0.37 0.46

PM slurry

1.85 0.88 0.52 0.40

PM slurry com. 2.38 0.95 0.77 0.38

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Bio-Slurry

Source of: Energy for soil microorganisms

soil organic matter Plant nutrients

Need energy for drying, transport

Bio-slurry save: Natural resources Energy Cost

Bio-slurry save: Power & Energy for Drafting Increase yield of:

Crops Plants Fish &

Income of farmer

Protect environment

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Thank you for your attention!

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Websites for more information

• SNV: www.snvworld.org (our work, renewable energy)

• Nepal: www.bspnepal.org.np • Vietnam: www.biogas.org.vn • Bangladesh: www.idcol.org (projects) • Cambodia:www.nbp.org.kh • Laos:www.biogaslao.org • Africa: www.biogasafrica.org