YORK CASTLE HIGH SCHOOL CHRISTMAS TERM EXAMINATIONS

GEOGRAPHY GRADE 9___ Duration 11/2 HRS. Name: ____________________________________________________________ 1. Label the internal structure of the earth provided below. WRITE on the space provide.

2. The sections labelled A, B and C together, is known as the Lithosphere

3. What name is given to the section of the internal structure of the earth between A and B.

Crust

4. What name is given to the transitional zone between the lower mantle and the outer core.

Gutenburg Discontinuity

The map below relates to questions 5 to 10.

5. The plate moving away from plate 5 is known as Pacific Plate.

6. The two continents on Plate 8 are Europe and Asia.

7. The SEA between Plate I and 3 is known as the Caribbean Sea.

Oceanic Crust/Upper Crust/SIAL

Continental Crust/ Lower Crust / SIMA

Upper Mantle

Asthenosphere

Lower Mantle

Outer Core

Lower Mantle

8. Which plate is chiefly made up of oceanic crust Pacific Plate.

9. Which one of plates 3 and 5 will go under the other? 3

10. Name ten of the plates. Write the NUMBER and the NAME of the matching plate.

Fill in the blank spaces with the correct term from the diagram.

11. Identify and name four intrusive features shown on the diagram above.

(a) Stock

(b) Sill

(c) Batholith

(d) Laccolith

12. Name two extrusive volcanic landforms that do not have a conical shape.

Lava Mesa

Cinder Cone

13. The intrusive feature which forces up the overlying rocks into a dome shape is called

laccolith

14. TWO cone-shaped volcanoes on the diagram are the:

Composite

Cinder Cone

Plate # Name of plate Plate # Name of plate

1 North America 6 Pacific

2 Caribbean 7 Africa

3 South America 8 Eurasian

4 Cocos 9 Arabian

5 Nazca 10 Iraq

Plate # Name of plate

11 Phillipines

12 Indian-Australian

13 Antarctic

14 Fiji-Micro

15. Give One difference between the sill and the laccolith. _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ Complete the section below by looking at the diagrams 16. Name the types of fold labelled A to E.

17. (a) Another name for an up-fold is: Anticline (b) Another name for a down-fold is: syncline 18. What term is represented by each of these letters? L Limb X Axis 19. Number the volcanic features below according to the key given. Insert the matching number in the

squares provided. 1 - Cinder cone. 2 - Dome, volcano 3 - Shield volcano 4 - Dykes cutting across rock strata 5 - Composite volcano, 6 - Caldera 7 - Volcanic plug exposed by erosion, 8 - crater lake

(E)

(D)

(C)

(A)

(B) (X)

(L)

6

4

3

2

1

8

7 5

anticline

syncline

Symmetrical Fold / Simple Fold

Asymmetrical Fold

Over Fold

Recumbent Fold

Overthrust / nappe

20. In the space provided name each type fault shown below and also name the type of force that created each.

21. Match the correct term with the correct definition.

(a) A crack or fracture in the earth's surface _______________________________________

(b) A large mass of igneous intrusive rock that forms from cooled magma deep in the Earth's

crust. ____________________________________

(c) Solid materials ejected from a volcano.

__________________________________________

(d) A steep volcanic cone built by both lava flows and pyroclastic eruptions.

_______________________________________

(e) An undersea mountain chain where tectonic plates are diverging

______________________________________

(f) A vent or fissure in the Earth’s surface through which molten lava, ash, and gases are

ejected. ____________________________________________

(g) A volcano that is erupting. _____________________________________________

(h) A volcano that is not presently erupting and is not likely to do

________________________________________________

(i) An elongate down-dropped between two fault systems. -

________________________________________

(j) Molten rock that erupts onto the Earth’s surface through a volcanic vent or fissure.

_____________________________________________

(k) One of several large, mobile pieces of the Earth’s lithosphere

_________________________________________

(l) Rock layers folded upward, like an arch. _________________________________________

(m) The bending of layers of rock, usually due to compression. __________________________

Strike-slip or transform fault Normal fault Reversed fault

Shear force Tensional force Compressional Force

lithosphere: plate tectonics

mantle plate

mid-ocean ridge pyroclast

Oceanic crust: Rift valley:

outer core Ring of Fire

Active volcano Extinct volcano

Anticline Fault

Batholith folding

Composite volcano lava

crust Limb:

Subduction

(n) The earth's crust which lies under the oceans. _____________________________________

(o) The layer within the interior of the Earth that lies between the crust and the core.

_______________________________________

(p) The name of the extensive area roughly coincides with the borders of the Pacific Ocean.

__________________________________________

(q) The outermost and thinnest of the solid Earth’s layers ______________________________

(r) The process of one tectonic plate moving beneath another tectonic plate

___________________________________________

(s) The solid part of the earth consisting of the crust and outer mantle

__________________________________________

(t) The theory and study of plate formation, movement, interaction and destruction.

__________________________________________

(u) The upper or outermost part of the Earth’s core ___________________________________

(a) The crust is the Earths only solid layer. ______________________

(b) The asthenosphere is the thinnest layer of the earth. __________________

(c) There is no relationship between plate tectonics and volcanoes. ________________

(d) The transfer of heat by the movement of heated fluid is called convection. ______________

(e) Oceanic crust near the mid-ocean ridge is younger than oceanic crust farther away from the

ridge. ____________________

(f) Fluid lava flows as a thin sheet. _____________________

(g) The lesser Antilles is an example of volcanic island arc. _____________________

(h) Convergent plate margins are responsible for the world great mountain ranges.

__________________

(i) The Himalayan mountains was form by the collision of the Indian-Australian Plate and the

Eurasian plate. ______________________

(j) A Rift valley can be created by either tension or compression. _____________________

22. Write TRUE if the statement is true or write FALSE of the statement is false.

Read each statement carefully then CIRCLE the correct choice.

23. Which of the following best describes the material that makes up the earths asthenosphere? A. a rigid solid B. a solid that is able to flow C. a liquid at high temperature D. a gas under great pressure 24. The lithosphere is made up of the upper mantle and the A. crust B. asthenosphere C. hydrosphere D. core

25. The part of the earth that is solid but has the ability to flow is the A. lithosphere B. oceanic crust C. asthenosphere D. inner core 26. Which zone of the earth is made up of liquid A. the asthenosphere B the outer core C. the upper mantle D. the inner core

27. The boundary between the earth’s crust is called the A. Moho B. shadow zone C. magnetosphere D. hydrosphere 28. The crust of the earth is made mostly of A. oxygen & iron B. alumina & silica C. iron & nickel D. alumina & nickel 29. The layer that makes up most of the earth’s mass and volume is the A. mantle B. magma C. crust D. core 30. What is the Earth made of? A. The crust, the mantle and the core B. The skin, the pulp and the core C. The plates, the magma and the core D. The land, the sea and the atmosphere 31. The average thickness of the crust is: A. 5-10 km B. 30-70 km. C. 100-150 km. D. 1 km. 32. The part of the earth on which the tectonic plates are able to move is the A. lithosphere. B. mesosphere, C. asthenosphere. D. subduction zone. 33. The ancient continent that contained all the landmasses is called A. Pangaea. B. Laurasia. C. Gondwana. D. Panthalassa 34. The type of tectonic plate boundary involving a collision between two tectonic plates is A. divergent. B. convergent. C. transform. D. normal. 35. The San Andreas fault is an example of a A. divergent boundary. B. convergent boundary. C. transform boundary. D. normal boundary.

36. When a fold is shaped like an arch, with the fold in an upward direction, it is called a(n) A. monocline. B syncline C. anticline D. decline. 37. The type of mountain involving huge sections of the Earths crust being pushed up into anticlines and synclines is the A. folded mountain. B. volcanic mountain. C. fault-block mountain. D. strike-slip mountain. 38. Mid-ocean ridges are associated with A. divergent boundaries. B. convergent boundaries. C. transform boundaries. D. normal boundaries. 39. Magma that reaches the Earth’s surface may form A. mountains. B. fault-block C. volcanic D. all 40. The type of tectonic plate boundary that has a subduction zone is A. divergent. B. convergent. C. transform. D. normal. 41. The type of fault that often results when rocks are pulled apart due to tension is called a A. strike-slip fault. B. normal fault. C. reverse fault. D. fault block. 42. A ____ fault often results when opposing forces cause rock to break and move horizontally. A. strike-slip B. normal C. reverse D. block 43. A reverse fault is the result of ___________ stress. A. tensional B. shear C. compressional D. shear

44. What is a volcano? A. The movement of the Earths crust by the movement of plate boundaries B. A cone-shaped mountain or hill formed by eruptions of lava and ash C. A mountain created by the folding of the Earth’s crust D. All of the above 45. A volcano that is flat and wide is called: A. a cone volcano B. a shield volcano C. a composite volcano D. cinder cone 46. Which of the statements listed below is NOT a positive aspect of a volcanic eruption? A. The dramatic scenery created by volcanic eruptions attracts tourists. B. The lava and ash deposited during a volcanic eruption breaks down to provide valuable nutrients for the soil. C. Lava flows and lahars (mud flows) clear areas of woodland, agriculture and destroy settlements. D) The high level of heat and activity inside the Earth, close to a volcano, can provide opportunities for generating geothermal energy.

47. Volcanoes often are found in areas on Earth where A. mountains are found B. rivers are found C. plates fit together perfectly D. plates collide 48. Intrusive igneous rocks are those which A. Cool on Earth’s surface B. changed over time from one type of rock to another C. cool beneath Earth’s surface D. are composed of sediments found in flood beds 49. Which type of volcano often erupts with a mix of steam, ash, rock and dust, causing a pyroclastic flow? A. shield B. cone C. composite D. dome 50. What is the difference between lava and magma? A. They originate from different places. B. After magma reaches the surface it’s called lava. C. They are different colours. D. They are made of different types of