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Lithuanian Energy Consultants
Association (LEKA)
dr. Valdas Lukoševičius
15,20
12,34
11,30
10,19
10,70 10,63 10,44
10,30 10,11
10,39 9,67
9,60
9,27
9,80
8,80 9,01
10,24
8,89
8,25 7,54
8,16 8,24 8,31
8,14 8,13 8,55 7,96 7,95
7,75
8,17
7,29 7,52
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
1996 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012
TWh
metai
District heat production and sales, TWh/y
Do we need more district
heating and space for
cogeneration?
Local energy resources in Lithuania, ktoe/y.
5
Fuels Anual
potencial
Usage for
individual
heating
Volume
available for
energy sector
Fuel timber 429 182 246
Forest residuals 355 59 296
Remains of wood industry 347 147 199
Straw 501 200 301
City waste 330 330
Biogas 72 72
Peat 112 112
Total 2,146 588 1,558
Šaltiniai: Galinis, A., Miškinis, V., Kveselis, V., Konstantinavičiūtė, I., Kuprys, A., Norvaiša, E., Tarvydas, D., Lisauskas, A., Lekavičius, V., Masaitis, S., Tutlytė, O., Dzenajavičienė, E. F., Alėbaitė, I.,
Jurkšienė, G., Rasburskis, N. (2009). Šalies savivaldybėse esamų atsinaujinančių energijos išteklių (biokuro, hidroenergijos, saulės energijos, geoterminės energijos) ir komunalinių atliekų panaudojimas
energijai gaminti.
Šaltinis: K. Navickas. Biodujų gamybos iš atsinaujinančios žaliavos ir jų naudojimo energetikoje bei transporte galimybės. Tiriamojo darbo galutinė ataskaita, Lietuvos žemės ūkio universitetas. 2009
Akademija, Kauno r.
http://www.lei.lt/_img/_up/File/atvir/bioenerlt/index_files/Biodujos_bros-SVVVV.pdf
.
ENERGY PLANTS
• 2013 year: about 2500 ha,
• 2020 year: forecast 11 000 ha
6
Primary fuel balance in DH sector (natural gas, HFO, biomass, other)
68,5
52,5
59,1
80,1
72,0 75,5
82,3 83,6 81,7
79,6 77,6 77,0
73,7 74,4 73,1
68,2
27,3
44,1
38,1
17,2
22,7 18,7
9,7 5,6 4,2 4,4
4,6 4,1 5,4 4,6
2,7 2,8 1,2 2,0 2,0 2,0 4,0 5,0
7,2 10,0 12,0
14,0 16,2
17,7 19,3 19,3 22,4
27,2
3,0 1,5 0,8 0,6 1,3 0,8 0,8 0,8 2,1 2,0 1,5 1,2 1,7 1,7 1,8 1,7
0,0
10,0
20,0
30,0
40,0
50,0
60,0
70,0
80,0
90,0
1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012
%
Gamtinės dujos Mazutas Atsinaujinantys energijos ištekliai Kitas kuras
Structure of primary renewable energy sources, 2012 y.
95,0 proc.)
Primary energy t o.e %
Solid wood biomass 213 674 95
Straw 2 175 1
Biogas 1 001 0,4
Geothermal energy 8 078 3,6
RES based heat production in district heating sector
1,2 2,0 2,0 2,0 4,0 5,0
7,2 10,0
12,0 14,0
16,2 17,7 19,3 19,3
22,4 ~23,5
70,0
0,0
10,0
20,0
30,0
40,0
50,0
60,0
70,0
80,0
1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 (progn.)
Ptenc.
%
metai
Installed heat production capacity (2013) based on biomass: Total ~ 811 MW, including DH enterprises - 501 MW
~46 %
HEAT ONLY PRODUCTION OR COGENERATION?
UAB "Vilniaus energija"
AB "Kauno energija"
AB "Klaipėdos energija"
AB "Panevėžio energija"
UAB "Kauno termofikacijos elektrinė"
AB "Šiaulių energija"
UAB "Litesko"
UAB "Utenos šilumos tinklai"
VISO
2001 836 356 18 5 1215
2002 940 414 19 7 1380
2003 1057 315 21 7 271 1671
2004 1084 1 26 8 599 1 1718
2005 1111 1 21 14 609 7 1 1763
2006 614 3 16 8 580 7 1 1229
2007 638 4 20 6 623 7 2 1299
2008 589 2 15 116 617 13 10 1362
2009 603 1 15 197 547 13 45 1420
2010 758 1 15 182 438 13 41 1448
2011 647 2 13 201 369 10 40 1283
2012 548 1 15 110 321 23 41 4 1063
1229 1299
0
200
400
600
800
1000
1200
1400
1600
1800
GW
h
Electricity production in the CHP plants
How much electricity we should produce in thermal power plants?
Eil.
Nr. CŠT įmonės MW
1 UAB"Vilniaus energija" 338
2 AB"Kauno energija" 162
3 UAB "Šiaulių energija" 78
4 AB "Klaipėdos energija" 94
5 UAB"Alytaus energija" 66
6 AB"Panevėžio energija" 38
7 AB"Jonavos šilumos tinklai" 26
8 UAB"Druskininkų šiluma" 36
9 UAB"Utenos šilumos tinklai" 32
10 UAB "Marijampolės šiluma" 36
11 UAB"Palangos šiluma" 19
12 UAB"Mažeikių šilumos tinklai" 32
13 Kitos. 550
14 Viso CŠT 1506
15
Komunalinės atliekos (biodegraduojanti
dalis) 60
16 Iš viso 1566 MW
BIOCOGENERATION PLANTS IN THE DH SECTOR OF LITHUANIA
Iš viso elektrinės galios 52,35 MW;
Iš viso šiluminės galios 147,75 MW.
Biokogeneracija
Nr. Įmonės pavadinimas Elektrinės pavadinimas Elektrinė galia,
MW
Šiluminė galia,
MW
Kogeneracijos
tipas Kuras
1 UAB "Litesko" Marijampolės rajoninė katilinė 2,5 16 garo turbina biokuras
2 UAB "Litesko" Alytaus miesto katilinė 5,4 20,2 garo turbina biokuras
3 AB "Kauno energija" Domeikavos rajoninė katilinė 1,2 1,5 biodujos
4 AB "Kauno energija" Noreikiškių rajoninės katilinės
elektrinė 0,75 1,05
vidaus degimo
variklis
biodujos/
gamt. Dujos
5 UAB "Vilniaus
energija" UAB "Vilniaus energija" 29 (?) 72 garo turbina biokuras
6 AB "Šiaulių energija" Šiaulių termofikacinė elektrinė 11 27 biokuras
7 UAB "Utenos šilumos
tinklai" Termofikacinė elektrinė 2,5 10 biokuras
Viso 52,35 (?) 147,75
13
NEW BIOMASS FIRING CHP PLANT IN ŠIAULIAI
14
FLUIDISED BED FIRING FURNACES
Flexible solid fuels firing systems
for reconstruction of old boilers
and installation in new boilerplants
(INKA):
1. Marijampolė:
2. Vilniaus energija;
3. Raseiniai
15
Superheated steam boiler (Enerstena)
Vilnius DH system Kaunas DH system
Thermal
capacity, MW
274 134
Electrical
power, MW
145 41
Annual heat
production,
GWh
1627 859
Annual
electricity
generation,
GWh
817 268
Entire power of CHP plants supported by PSO
fund: 105 MWe
CHP plants in Vilnius and Kaunas 186 MWe: will
be supported via investment subsidies
Until 2014 year granted permissions for CHP
plants:
Solid biomass firing CHP plants 61 MWe
Biogas firing CHP plants 30 MWe
HEAT AND ELECTRICITY PRODUCTION BASED ON RES IN THE DH SECTOR OF LITHUANIA
2013 2020
District heat production, TWh/y 2,45 6,5
Cogenerated electricity, TWh/y 0,187 1,3
Installed heat production capacity, MWth
519 in DH (867 total)
1500? (total)
Installed power generation in CHP plants, MWe
56 322
Consumption of biomass, kto.e/y 245 720
19
Why biocogeneration is feasible
in Nordic countries but not in
Lithuania?
Nr. Plant MWe GWhe/y MWth GWhth/y
1 Biomass based CHP plants
(RES strategy) 329 1613 587 3350
1.1 Using solid biomass 267 1200 517 2900
1.2 Using biogas 62 413 70 450
2 Waste incineration plants
(RES strategy) 60 335 150 830
2.1 Biodegradable part 26 145 65 360
2.2 Nonbiodegradable part 34 190 85 470
3 CHP plants based on fosil fuels
(existing) 457 540 900 639
4 Total cogeneration 846 2488 1637 4819
* Preliminariais duomenimis
Real volumes will depend on regulation of
DH and CHP support schemes…
Fuel prices, LTL/to.e (HFO, natural gas, biomass, average)
466 460 452 455 485 463 503 464
536
700 667
608
951
1170
1189
1441
393 323
268 358
418 452
461 448 439
619
869
1467
1196
1271
1532
1840
210 199 175 176 181
211 251
295 362
442
564
704
729 625
784 771
436 402 388
440 465 451
451 434 437
600
810
1324
1100
1135
1356
1532
-20 60
140 220 300 380 460 540 620 700 780 860 940
1020 1100 1180 1260 1340 1420 1500 1580 1660 1740 1820 1900
1996 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012
Lt/
t.n
.e
metai
Mazutas Gamtinės dujos Biokuras Vidutinė kaina
Average heat prices (1EUR=3,453LTL)
74,9
106,2 109,1 111,6 114,9 116,5 115,1 113,5 112,5
119,7 138,2
177,7
218,9 207,7
231,9
264,5
50
100
150
200
250
300
1996 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012
Lt/M
Wh
metai
DH prices, (January, 2014)
CHALENGES FOR BIOCOGENERATION IN LITHUANIA
• Heat could be sold in competition with other existing heat producers – relatively low price
• Electricity market prices relatively low
• No clear future policy and support instruments in cogeneration
May be biomass based electricity could be interesting for the EU “green” energy market?
ĮG ≤ 10 kW – 0,53 Lt/kWh;
ĮG ≤ 30 kW – 0,48 Lt/kWh;
10 < ĮG ≤ 350 kW – 0,48 Lt/kWh;
350 < ĮG ≤ 500 kW – 0,48 Lt/kWh; 13
500 < ĮG ≤ 1000 kW – 0,46 Lt/kWh;
1000 < ĮG ≤ 2000 kW – 0,44 Lt/kWh;
ĮG > 2000 kW – 0,42 Lt/kWh.
No more „feed in“ tariffs for biomass
based CHP plants, so far. Only
investment subsidies...But only for
Vilnius and Kaunas?
Is it method to reduce heating expenses?
Is it competitive electricity producer?
Is it required for stability of electricity system?
Is it necessary to reach 20x20x20 targets?
Is it part of energy independence?
Is it useful for national economy?
PLANNED FUNDS IN STRUCTURAL FUNDING PROGRAM PROJECT 2014-2020 FOR HEAT SECTOR
1,1 bln.Lt
1,5 bln.Lt
0,9 bln.Lt
Investment Priority RES production and distribution of promotion (DH production activity sources (DH companies and boiler cogeneration plant: biofuel logistic systems, wind power and pumped storage power plants) Investment Priority for energy efficiency and use of RES in public infrastructure (operational: blocks and public buildings renovation: replacement of inefficient biomass boilers in households) Investment Priority for energy efficiency and use of RES in public infrastructure (operational: DH network modernization and expansion)
29
DECISIONS IMPORTANT FOR THE FUTURE OF DISTRICT HEATING AND BIOCOGENERATION IN LITHUANIA?
• TPA in district heating sector: competition or regulation?
• Planning of DH development or competition? Adequate (not)regulation
is required…
• What installed capacity of thermal power stations required for stability
of the electricity system?
• Uncertainty regarding CHP support mechanizms?
• Future of existing CHP plants?
• Implementation of Directive on Energy Efficiency and others?
30
Desintegration of district heating systems have been stoped?
Approch to the district heating have been changed?
Expansion of district heating required for CHP development
0
10000
20000
30000
40000
50000
60000
19
55
m.
19
58
m.
19
61
m.
19
64
m.
19
67
m.
19
70
m.
19
73
m.
19
76
m.
19
79
m.
19
82
m.
19
85
m.
19
88
m.
19
91
m.
19
94
m.
19
97
m.
20
00
m.
20
03
m.
20
06
m.
20
09
m.
Pa
tie
kta
GW
h į
tin
klą
Švedija
Suomija
Lietuva
Hea
t d
eliv
ered
to
DH
net
wo
rk, G
Wh
/yea
r
Sweden, Finland, Lithuania
Lithuania has energy resources and infrastructure
applicable for development of heat and electricity
production sources based on biomass
Due to regulation and support schemes, at the present
time feasible mainly small boilerplants, when most
EU countries prioritize biocogeneration
As investment resources are resolubled, less
possibilities to built competitive large CHP plants
Support to renewable energy: this is sharing of surplus
value generated by usage of local renewable resources
Investment subsidies would assist development of
competitive heat and electricity markets. Will they be
available for Vilnius and Kaunas only?
