Live Long and Prosper: Using Research to Sustain Effective Strategies Kathryn Stewart Prevention Research Center Underage Drinking Enforcement Training

Live Long and Live Long and Prosper:Prosper:

Using Research to Sustain Using Research to Sustain Effective StrategiesEffective Strategies

Kathryn StewartKathryn StewartPrevention Research CenterPrevention Research CenterUnderage Drinking Enforcement Underage Drinking Enforcement

Training CenterTraining Center

66thth Annual National Leadership Annual National Leadership ConferenceConference

PRC Resource PRC Resource Link: Link: Research in Research in

ActionActionProvides information and Provides information and

practical guidancepractical guidance

Resource Link Goals:Resource Link Goals:

Make PRC research more well Make PRC research more well known and more accessibleknown and more accessible

Translate findings into practical Translate findings into practical guidanceguidance

Facilitate dialogue between Facilitate dialogue between researchers and practitioners, policy researchers and practitioners, policy makers, advocatesmakers, advocates

The Challenge:The Challenge:

How to enhance How to enhance sustainabilitysustainability

The StrategyThe Strategy

Solid research and effective Solid research and effective communication of results can communication of results can enhance sustainabilityenhance sustainability..

How Research can HelpHow Research can Help

Research can guide programs and Research can guide programs and garner community supportgarner community support

Research can demonstrate program Research can demonstrate program effectivenesseffectiveness

Research can support permanent Research can support permanent policy changepolicy change

Research to Research to guide programs guide programs

and garner and garner community community

supportsupport

The Border The Border ProjectProject

Preventing alcohol-Preventing alcohol-related problems at the related problems at the

US/Mexico BorderUS/Mexico Border

Current sitesCurrent sites

San Diego -TijuanaSan Diego -Tijuana El Paso – JuarezEl Paso – Juarez Laredo –Nuevo LaredoLaredo –Nuevo Laredo Brownsville - MatamorosBrownsville - Matamoros

The ProblemThe Problem

Mexico’s drinking age is 18Mexico’s drinking age is 18 Some border towns provided Some border towns provided

plentiful, cheap sources of alcoholplentiful, cheap sources of alcohol


Mexico’s drinking age is 18Mexico’s drinking age is 18 Some border towns provided Some border towns provided

plentiful, cheap sources of alcoholplentiful, cheap sources of alcohol Young people traveled to Mexico to Young people traveled to Mexico to

drinkdrink Beverage service not always Beverage service not always

“responsible”“responsible”


Mexico’s drinking age is 18Mexico’s drinking age is 18 Some border towns provided plentiful, Some border towns provided plentiful,

cheap sources of alcoholcheap sources of alcohol Young people traveled to Mexico to drinkYoung people traveled to Mexico to drink Beverage service not always Beverage service not always

“responsible”“responsible” Heavy drinking occurredHeavy drinking occurred Sometimes resulted in problems in Sometimes resulted in problems in

MexicoMexico

The ProblemThe Problem Mexico’s drinking age is 18Mexico’s drinking age is 18 Some border towns provided plentiful, Some border towns provided plentiful,

cheap sources of alcoholcheap sources of alcohol Young people traveled to Mexico to drinkYoung people traveled to Mexico to drink Beverage service not always Beverage service not always

“responsible”“responsible” Heavy drinking occurredHeavy drinking occurred Sometimes resulted in problems in Sometimes resulted in problems in

MexicoMexico Impaired young people drove homeImpaired young people drove home

The Research StrategyThe Research Strategy

PIRE studied drinking behavior of PIRE studied drinking behavior of young US residents crossing into young US residents crossing into MexicoMexico

Documented the extent of heavy Documented the extent of heavy drinkingdrinking

Shed light on motivations and Shed light on motivations and behavior of border crossersbehavior of border crossers

The Implementation The Implementation StrategyStrategy

The nature and scope of the problem The nature and scope of the problem were explained to groups and were explained to groups and agencies on both sides of the borderagencies on both sides of the border

Media advocacy brought the Media advocacy brought the problem to the attention of the problem to the attention of the public through compelling news public through compelling news coveragecoverage

The Change StrategiesThe Change Strategies

Earlier bar closingsEarlier bar closings Stepped up DUI enforcement efforts Stepped up DUI enforcement efforts

on the US side of the border on the US side of the border Highly publicized enforcement of Highly publicized enforcement of

laws against crossing by youth under laws against crossing by youth under 1818

New restrictions on Marines from New restrictions on Marines from Camp PendletonCamp Pendleton

The ResultsThe Results

Dramatic decline in number of Dramatic decline in number of nighttime crossings by young peoplenighttime crossings by young people

Reduction in nighttime crashes Reduction in nighttime crashes involving drivers under 18involving drivers under 18

90% reduction in number of Marines 90% reduction in number of Marines driving back from the borderdriving back from the border

The Follow-upThe Follow-up

Results are fed back to the Results are fed back to the communities to sustain actioncommunities to sustain action

The take-home messageThe take-home message

Research can provide motivation for Research can provide motivation for changechange

Research can provide data to guide Research can provide data to guide program strategiesprogram strategies

Research to Research to demonstrate demonstrate

program program effectivenesseffectivenessThe Community Trials The Community Trials

Project to Reduce Project to Reduce Alcohol-Related TraumaAlcohol-Related Trauma


Impaired driving crashesImpaired driving crashes

Other unintentional injuriesOther unintentional injuries

Other alcohol-related traumaOther alcohol-related trauma


Identify strategies with the highest Identify strategies with the highest likelihood of success community-widelikelihood of success community-wide

Implement them vigorously in Implement them vigorously in communitiescommunities

Evaluate changes over time and Evaluate changes over time and compare to non-intervention compare to non-intervention communitiescommunities


Responsible serving practicesResponsible serving practices

Increased enforcement of drinking and driving lawsIncreased enforcement of drinking and driving laws

Media coverage to enhance perceptions of increased Media coverage to enhance perceptions of increased law enforcementlaw enforcement

Compliance checks to reduce underage access to Compliance checks to reduce underage access to alcoholalcohol

Reduced availability through changes in outlet Reduced availability through changes in outlet densities, planning and zoning laws, and challenges densities, planning and zoning laws, and challenges to license applicationsto license applications

The ResultsThe Results 49% reduction in heavy alcohol consumption 49% reduction in heavy alcohol consumption

51% reduction in impaired driving51% reduction in impaired driving

10% reduction in late night traffic crashes10% reduction in late night traffic crashes

6% reduction in the average amount that people 6% reduction in the average amount that people reported drinkingreported drinking

6% reduction in crashes involving drinking drivers6% reduction in crashes involving drinking drivers

43% reduction in injuries resulting from assaults 43% reduction in injuries resulting from assaults presenting in emergency rooms presenting in emergency rooms


Community Trials Project was Community Trials Project was awarded “model program status” by awarded “model program status” by the Center for Substance Abuse the Center for Substance Abuse Prevention. Prevention.

Communities across the country are Communities across the country are adopting this program and receiving adopting this program and receiving federal support under the State federal support under the State Incentive Grants program. Incentive Grants program.


Research can provide information on Research can provide information on what strategies are likely to be effectivewhat strategies are likely to be effective

Research can provide support for Research can provide support for program effectivenessprogram effectiveness

Research can provide positive feedback Research can provide positive feedback to continue programs and to to continue programs and to disseminate themdisseminate them

Research to support Research to support permanent policy permanent policy

changechange

Alcohol Outlet Density Alcohol Outlet Density and Alcohol Problemsand Alcohol Problems


Neighborhoods where bars, restaurants and liquor and other stores that sell alcohol are close together suffer more frequent incidences of violence and other alcohol-related problems.


Demonstrate the link between outlet Demonstrate the link between outlet location and density and problemslocation and density and problems

Analyze the nature of the linkAnalyze the nature of the link


Make communities aware of the Make communities aware of the problems created by alcohol outletsproblems created by alcohol outlets

Make communities aware of the Make communities aware of the policy strategies that can control policy strategies that can control outlet location and densityoutlet location and density Licensing policiesLicensing policies Land use policiesLand use policies

The ResultsThe ResultsCommunities can:Communities can:

Set minimum distances between alcohol outlets

Limit new licenses for areas that already have outlets too close together;

Not issue a new license when an outlet goes out of business

Permanently close outlets that repeatedly violate liquor laws


Policy changes can permanently Policy changes can permanently change the environmentchange the environment

Reductions in alcohol problems can Reductions in alcohol problems can be sustainedbe sustained

Communities are empowered to take Communities are empowered to take control of the alcohol environmentcontrol of the alcohol environment


Research can provide support for Research can provide support for policy and environmental changespolicy and environmental changes

Once a law or policy has been Once a law or policy has been changed, it is difficult to undo itchanged, it is difficult to undo it

Once an environment has been Once an environment has been changed, the effects are likely to be changed, the effects are likely to be long-lastinglong-lasting

www.resources.prev.orgwww.resources.prev.org

More ExamplesMore Examples

Using Data to Guide and Sustain Using Data to Guide and Sustain Community InterventionsCommunity Interventions

Using research to identify settings Using research to identify settings and prevention strategies at and prevention strategies at California Universities California Universities

Using Data to Using Data to Guide and Sustain Guide and Sustain

Community Community InterventionsInterventionsJoel W. Grube, Ph.DJoel W. Grube, Ph.D..

Prevention Research CenterPrevention Research CenterPacific Institute for Research and EvaluationPacific Institute for Research and Evaluation

OJJDP UDETC National Leadership ConferenceOJJDP UDETC National Leadership ConferenceTucson, AZTucson, AZ

August 18-20, 2005August 18-20, 2005

Preparation of this presentation was supported byNIAAA grants AA006282 and AA014958

What is Sustainability?What is Sustainability?Sustainability addresses three issues:Sustainability addresses three issues:

Maintaining the benefits of a programMaintaining the benefits of a program

Continuing a programContinuing a program

Building the capacity to continue a programBuilding the capacity to continue a program

Broadly speaking sustainability refers to:Broadly speaking sustainability refers to:

““The process of ensuring an adaptive The process of ensuring an adaptive preventive system … can be integrated into preventive system … can be integrated into ongoing operations to benefit diverse ongoing operations to benefit diverse stakeholders.”stakeholders.”

((Johnson, Hayes, Center, & Daley, 2004, p. 137))

Key Issues in Key Issues in SustainabilitySustainability Sustainability is an Sustainability is an ongoingongoing dynamic process dynamic process

Sustainability is an Sustainability is an adaptiveadaptive process process

Sustainable innovation is Sustainable innovation is integratedintegrated into normal into normal operations and requires operations and requires adequate infrastructureadequate infrastructure capacitycapacity

Sustainable innovation should have proven Sustainable innovation should have proven benefitbenefit to diverse stakeholders to diverse stakeholders

Sustainability requires Sustainability requires commitmentcommitment and support: and support:ChampionsChampionsDecision-makersDecision-makersStakeholdersStakeholdersWorkersWorkers

Source: Johnson, Hayes, Center, & Daley, 2004

Model of SustainabilityModel of Sustainability

Sustainable Sustainable Innovation Innovation

ContinuationContinuation

Sustainable Sustainable Innovation Innovation

ContinuationContinuation

Innovation Innovation Integration into Integration into

SystemSystem

Innovation Innovation Integration into Integration into

SystemSystem

Source: Johnson, Hayes, Center, & Daley, 2004

AssessAssessPlanPlan

ImplementImplementEvaluateEvaluate

Reassess/ModifyReassess/Modify

AssessAssessPlanPlan

ImplementImplementEvaluateEvaluate

Reassess/ModifyReassess/Modify

DataDataDataData

CapacityCapacityBuildingBuilding

CapacityCapacityBuildingBuilding

Stakeholder Stakeholder BenefitsBenefits

Stakeholder Stakeholder BenefitsBenefits

Some Examples Using Data:Some Examples Using Data:

Oregon Youth Alcohol Access ProjectOregon Youth Alcohol Access ProjectCommunity Trials Project to Reduce Community Trials Project to Reduce

Alcohol TraumaAlcohol TraumaDiadema ProjectDiadema Project

Assess:Assess:Is there a problem?Is there a problem?

What is the problem?What is the problem?

30-Day Drinking30-Day DrinkingOregon 11Oregon 11thth Graders Graders

0

10

2030

40

50

60

7080

90

100

Oregon

US (YRBS)

Source: Oregon Healthy Teens Survey 2005Source: Oregon Healthy Teens Survey 2005http://oregon.gov/DHS/ph/chs/youthsurvey/yrbsdata.shtmlhttp://oregon.gov/DHS/ph/chs/youthsurvey/yrbsdata.shtml

Half of Oregon 11Half of Oregon 11thth graders graders report drinking in the past 30 report drinking in the past 30 days….days….

30-Day 5+ Drinks30-Day 5+ DrinksOregon 11Oregon 11thth Graders Graders


0

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

Year

Per

cen

t

Oregon

US (YRBS)

Of those Oregon 11Of those Oregon 11thth graders who graders who report drinking in the past 30 days, report drinking in the past 30 days, 60% report having 5+ drinks….60% report having 5+ drinks….

30-Day Drug Use Among 30-Day Drug Use Among Oregon 11Oregon 11thth Graders Graders

0 10 20 30 40 50 60

Alcohol

5+ Drinks

Marijuana

Inhalants

Any Other Illict Drug Alcohol is by far the most Alcohol is by far the most commonly used and abused drug commonly used and abused drug among Oregon 11among Oregon 11thth graders…. graders….


Annual Costs of Underage Annual Costs of Underage Drinking in Oregon 2001Drinking in Oregon 2001

(Millions of Dollars)(Millions of Dollars)

$428

$139

$130

Pain & Suffering

Work Lost andOther Costs

Medical Costs

Source: Enforcing Underage Drinking Laws Website: http://www.udetc.org/UnderageDrinkingCosts.asp

Total Costs: $697 million annually $387 per capita per year

Annual Costs of Annual Costs of Underage Drinking in Underage Drinking in

Oregon (2001)Oregon (2001)ProblemProblem Total Costs (Millions)Total Costs (Millions)

Youth ViolenceYouth Violence $351.5$351.5

Youth Traffic CrashesYouth Traffic Crashes $86.1$86.1

High Risk SexHigh Risk Sex $59.6$59.6

Youth Property CrimeYouth Property Crime $49.1$49.1

Youth InjuryYouth Injury $36.7$36.7

Poisonings & PsychosesPoisonings & Psychoses $11.8$11.8

FAS Mothers Age 15-20FAS Mothers Age 15-20 $11.7$11.7

Youth Alcohol TreatmentYouth Alcohol Treatment $90.5$90.5

TotalTotal $697.2$697.2

Source: Enforcing Underage Drinking Laws Website: http://www.udetc.org/UnderageDrinkingCosts.asp

Planning:Planning:Where do we intervene?Where do we intervene?

How?How?

Ease of Obtaining AlcoholEase of Obtaining Alcoholby Oregon 11by Oregon 11thth Graders Graders

11.1%

28.4%

53.0%

7.5%

Very Easy

Sort of Easy

Sort of Hard

Very Hard


…Over 81% of Oregon 11th graders say it would be very easy or sort of easy to get alcohol if they wanted…

Sources of Alcohol Sources of Alcohol Past 30 Days by Oregon 11 Past 30 Days by Oregon 11thth

GradersGraders

16 16

410

30

5546

21 20

73

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

80

90

100

Pe

rce

nt

Commercial Social

Source: Dent, Grube, & Biglan, 2005

Oregon teens use multiple sources to obtain alcohol…

Indicated Points of Indicated Points of InterventionIntervention

Commercial AvailabilityCommercial AvailabilityReward and ReminderReward and ReminderCompliance ChecksCompliance Checks

Social AvailabilitySocial AvailabilityShoulder TapsShoulder TapsParty DispersalParty DispersalMIPMIP

Targeted MediaTargeted Media

Monitor Implementation Monitor Implementation

What is being done?What is being done?

What dosage?What dosage?

0

20

40

60

80

100

120

140

160

Q2 Q3 Q4 Q1 Q2

COMPLIANCECHECKS

CITATIONSISSUED

OUTLETSTRAINED(RBS)

Pre-intervention Intervention Period

Underage Access ActivitiesUnderage Access ActivitiesCommunity Trials ProjectCommunity Trials Project

Source: Grube, 1997

Evaluate/Assess Evaluate/Assess

What effects?What effects?

What benefits?What benefits?

Effects of Reward and Effects of Reward and Reminder on Tobacco Reminder on Tobacco

SalesSales

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

80

90

100

T1 T2 T3 T4 T5 T6 T7 T8 T9 T10 T11 T12 T13 T14

Baseline Post Intervention

Biglan, Ary, Smolkowski, Duncan, & Black, 2000

Effects of Reward and Effects of Reward and ReminderReminder

on Weekly Alcohol Useon Weekly Alcohol Use

0

5

10

15

20

T1 T2 T3 T4 T5

Per

cen

t R & R + School-Based

School-Based Only

Biglan, Ary, Smolkowski, Duncan, & Black, 2000

Homicides per 1,000 Homicides per 1,000 Residents:Residents:

Diadema, BrazilDiadema, Brazil

0.00

0.02

0.04

0.06

0.08

0.10

0.12

0.14

Rat

e

Before Sales Hours RestrictionAfter

Restriction

Duailibi, Laranjeira, Ponicki, Grube, & Lacey, 2005

There were an average of 301.3 homicides per year before the sales restrictions and 169.6 per year afterward

Estimated Effects of Estimated Effects of ReducingReducing

Hours of SalesHours of Sales Number of Lives SavedNumber of Lives Saved 273273

95% CI95% CI 208-338208-338

% Reduction in Homicides% Reduction in Homicides 46.1%46.1%

Number of Assaults Number of Assaults PreventedPrevented

224224

95% CI95% CI -66 – 514-66 – 514

% Reduction in Assaults% Reduction in Assaults 25.8%25.8%

Duailibi, Laranjeira, Ponicki, Grube, & Lacey, 2005

Reassess/Modify Reassess/Modify

What is What is notnot working? working?

What should be changed?What should be changed?

Where are more resources needed?Where are more resources needed?

Effects of Compliance Checks and Effects of Compliance Checks and RBS on Underage SalesRBS on Underage Sales

4753

45

35

1916

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

Per

cen

t o

f O

utl

ets

Sel

lin

g

Pretest Posttest

Comparison (NoTreatment)

ComplianceChecks

ComplianceChecks + RBS

Source: Grube, 1997

ConclusionConclusionData can guide and sustain programs:Data can guide and sustain programs:

Define the problem and the solutionDefine the problem and the solution

Plan and target interventionsPlan and target interventions

Monitor implementationMonitor implementation

Evaluate outcomesEvaluate outcomes

Reassess and modify interventionsReassess and modify interventions

Marshall support for increased allocation Marshall support for increased allocation of resources and infrastructure capacityof resources and infrastructure capacity

Key reference:Key reference:

Johnson, K., Hays, C., Center, H., & Johnson, K., Hays, C., Center, H., & Daley, C. (2004). Building capacity Daley, C. (2004). Building capacity and sustainable prevention and sustainable prevention innovations: A sustainability innovations: A sustainability planning model. planning model. Evaluation and Evaluation and Program Planning, 27Program Planning, 27, 135-149., 135-149.

Using Research Data to Using Research Data to Identify, Evaluate, and Identify, Evaluate, and Sustain Environmental Sustain Environmental

Alcohol Prevention Alcohol Prevention Strategies in College Strategies in College

SettingsSettings

Safer California Universities:Safer California Universities:A risk management approach A risk management approach to college student drinking to college student drinking

problemsproblems

Robert F. Saltz, Ph.D.Robert F. Saltz, Ph.D.Principal InvestigatorPrincipal Investigator

Prevention Research Center, Prevention Research Center, Pacific Institute for Research and Pacific Institute for Research and

EvaluationEvaluation

Funded by the National Institute on Funded by the National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and AlcoholismAlcohol Abuse and Alcoholism

Safer California Safer California UniversitiesUniversitiesProject GoalProject Goal

To evaluate the efficacy of aTo evaluate the efficacy of a“Risk Management” approach “Risk Management” approach

to alcohol problem to alcohol problem preventionprevention

Risk ManagementRisk Management Risk Assessment – using data to identify Risk Assessment – using data to identify

intervention targets (settings, events) intervention targets (settings, events)

Risk Reduction – interventions aimed at Risk Reduction – interventions aimed at reducing alcohol-related problemsreducing alcohol-related problems

Risk Monitoring – using data to assess Risk Monitoring – using data to assess intervention effectiveness and modify intervention effectiveness and modify interventions if necessaryinterventions if necessary

Risk Assessment and Risk Assessment and Monitoring Data SourcesMonitoring Data Sources

Brief interviews with key Brief interviews with key personnelpersonnel

Archival data sourcesArchival data sources

Student survey dataStudent survey data

What are we trying to What are we trying to prevent?prevent?

Intoxication at particular Intoxication at particular settings/eventssettings/events

Harm related to intoxication at Harm related to intoxication at particular settings/eventsparticular settings/events

Selecting A Selecting A Problem SettingProblem Setting

Using assessment data to Using assessment data to target prevention effortstarget prevention efforts

Web-based Student Survey, Web-based Student Survey, Fall 2003Fall 2003

Administered to ~14,000 students at Administered to ~14,000 students at 14 California universities14 California universities

Established baseline levels of Established baseline levels of student drinking and alcohol-related student drinking and alcohol-related problemsproblems

Identified settings where the Identified settings where the majority of alcohol-related problems majority of alcohol-related problems are occurringare occurring

Survey Modules for Specific Survey Modules for Specific SettingsSettings

Residence hall partiesResidence hall parties Greek partiesGreek parties Campus events (e.g., concerts, Campus events (e.g., concerts,

sporting events)sporting events) Off-campus parties (houses, Off-campus parties (houses,

apartments)apartments) Bars/restaurantsBars/restaurants Outdoor settings (e.g., parks, beaches)Outdoor settings (e.g., parks, beaches)

Questions About Each Questions About Each SettingSetting

Frequency of going to setting during Frequency of going to setting during semestersemester

Frequency of alcohol useFrequency of alcohol use Frequency of intoxicationFrequency of intoxication Frequency of alcohol-related problemsFrequency of alcohol-related problems Last time at setting:Last time at setting:

How long at settingHow long at setting How much alcohol consumed before, during, How much alcohol consumed before, during,

afterafter Number of people, underage drinking, system for Number of people, underage drinking, system for

preventing underage drinking (e.g., checking preventing underage drinking (e.g., checking IDs)IDs)

Prevalence of Student Intoxication Last Time at Each Setting

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

Dorm party Greek party Campus event Off-campusparty

Bar/restaurant Outdoor setting

Source: Safer CA Univerisities Fall 2003 Survey

Per

cen

t

Drinking Problems in Past Drinking Problems in Past Semester/QuarterSemester/Quarter

51

21

24

4

17

9

6

10

12

38

26

23

0 10 20 30 40 50 60

Percentage

HangoverMissed Class

Got Behind in WorkTaken Advatage of Sexually

Had Unplanned SexNot Used ProtectionDamaged PropertyGot Hurt or InjuredDid Poorly on Test

Got SickDUI

RWDD

Source: Safer California Universities Survey, 2003

Secondary Drinking Problems Secondary Drinking Problems in Past Semesterin Past Semester

15

4

12

6

2

9

34

26

12

13

1

0 10 20 30 40

Percentage

Insulted

Harassed

Argument

Pushed, Hit, Assaulted

Physical ViolenceProperty Damaged

Take Care of Other

Studies or Sleep Disrupted

Unwanted Sexual AdvanceFound Vomit

Sexual Assault

Source: Safer California Universities Survey, 2003

Percentage of Alcohol Problems by Setting

Fall 2003

.8%

5.6%

57.2%

14.6%

3.7%

18.0%

Outdoor settings

Bars/restaurants

Off campus parties

Greek parties

Campus events

Dorm parties

Why Off-Campus Parties are Why Off-Campus Parties are

Causing the Most ProblemsCausing the Most Problems Over 9,000 students in survey Over 9,000 students in survey

sample went to at least one off-sample went to at least one off-campus party, 3-4 times as many as campus party, 3-4 times as many as other settingsother settings

Statistical analyses indicate that off-Statistical analyses indicate that off-campus parties carry a higher risk campus parties carry a higher risk for frequent intoxication and alcohol-for frequent intoxication and alcohol-related problems than other settingsrelated problems than other settings

Effects of Survey Data on Effects of Survey Data on Decision MakingDecision Making

Consensus among members of Consensus among members of campus-community task forces to campus-community task forces to target interventions to off-campus target interventions to off-campus settings (e.g., house parties)settings (e.g., house parties)

Strong support for initiation and Strong support for initiation and long-term implementation of long-term implementation of interventionsinterventions

Great interest in continuing surveys Great interest in continuing surveys to assess intervention effectsto assess intervention effects

Interventions for Off-Campus SettingsInterventions for Off-Campus Settings Educational campaign that helps students Educational campaign that helps students

and others host safe social gatherings and and others host safe social gatherings and to know their responsibility as a host for to know their responsibility as a host for the safety and well-being of their guests the safety and well-being of their guests and neighbors;and neighbors;

Fair but firm enforcement of existing laws Fair but firm enforcement of existing laws that protect the community from alcohol-that protect the community from alcohol-related harm:related harm: DUI enforcementDUI enforcement Party patrols to disperse dangerous crowdsParty patrols to disperse dangerous crowds Enforce laws prohibiting alcohol sales or Enforce laws prohibiting alcohol sales or

informal provision of alcohol to minorsinformal provision of alcohol to minors Placing the burden of costs to those who Placing the burden of costs to those who

repeatedly require community or police repeatedly require community or police response – a “response cost” ordinance.response – a “response cost” ordinance.

SummarySummary Student survey, archival and key informant Student survey, archival and key informant

data provide an assessment of where and data provide an assessment of where and when alcohol-related problems are when alcohol-related problems are occurringoccurring

These data can be used to help college These data can be used to help college prevention specialists, administrators, prevention specialists, administrators, campus police and others to focus campus police and others to focus intervention efforts on a particular setting intervention efforts on a particular setting and sustain those effortsand sustain those efforts

Data can also be used to monitor the effects Data can also be used to monitor the effects of interventions targeted to specific settingsof interventions targeted to specific settings

For More Info. About the For More Info. About the Safer CA Universities Safer CA Universities

Project…Project…

Michelle Blackston and Richard Michelle Blackston and Richard McGaffiganMcGaffigan

Data-driven Strategic Planning and Data-driven Strategic Planning and Implementation ProcessImplementation Process

Tuscon Salon H at 10:45Tuscon Salon H at 10:45

Documents

Live Long and Prosper: Using Research to Sustain Effective Strategies Kathryn Stewart Prevention Research Center Underage Drinking Enforcement Training