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Living and Working Conditions. The Industrial Revolution. New Classes. New Middle Class Those who hold and invest capital Industrial entrepreneurs, merchants, professionals etc. Working Class Those who work in order to obtain capital Wage labourers - PowerPoint PPT Presentation
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Living and Working Conditions
The Industrial Revolution
New Classes New Middle Class
› Those who hold and invest capital› Industrial entrepreneurs, merchants,
professionals etc. Working Class
› Those who work in order to obtain capital› Wage labourers› Dependant on the daily wage in order to
survive
Growth of Cities Great numbers of people moving into the
city Need to find work and housing Workers need/want to live close to work
› Homes and factories being built in close proximity to each other› All workers of a specific trade lived together
Ex. Mining towns
Living Conditions of the Working Class
Working class separated from the middle class
Barren› Could not afford luxuries or sometimes even necessities
Overcrowded› Numerous families living in one bedroom
8-10 people
Living Conditions of the Working Class
Morals› Appropriate for married couples and
siblings to share a room› Inappropriate for both sexes to share a
room if they have no relationship to each other Overcrowded housing caused this
Who’s fault is it that the working class is so ‘immoral’?
Working Conditions
Family wage economy› Entire families working
Couples work with their children Older children can contribute to family wage
or go off on his/her own› All family members have economic
freedom Changes family dynamics
Improved or Damaged? Did industrialization improve or
damage the lives of ordinary people?
Improved or Damaged? No
› About 50% of all children of working families die before the age of 5
› Long work hours (17 hours)› Rapid pace of work› Living and working conditions
Dangerous, crowded and unsanitary
Improved or Damaged? Yes
› Higher life expectancy› Economic freedom for women› Growing independence for young people