Lecture 1 Masonry Architecture

Lecturer: Dr. Aiad H.Hassan Room: MDIC Lecture Room 6 Phone: 0146603011

Bachelor of Architecture students Building Construction And Material 4 •  Introduc)on  to  masonry  construc)on  and  materials  •   Masonry  architecture  precedents  –rela)onship  between:  

 Architecture  &  making    Materials  &  Construc)on  knowledge    Place  and  context  

Background Masonry used since Earliest civilisation Pyramid of Chepren,

Giza 2570 BC Adjacent to Great

Pyramid of Cheops (Richard Weston, 2003)

Great Mosque of Dejenne, 1902

(Richard Weston, 2003)

Western Australia Strong masonry tradition (Geoffrey London, 2002)

(Geoffrey London, 2002)

(Geoffrey London, 2002)

http://www.dalealcockhomes.com.au/images/articles/55_Residence_News.jpg

Masonry – an assembly of bricks, blocks or stone held together with mortar.

(Scully 2001,pp13)

Generally masonry walls consist of rectangular units built up in horizontal layers called courses.

Beautiful Bridge

Structural types 1- Mass wall construction - load bearing masonry 2- Cavity construction - load bearing masonry 3- Veneer construction - load bearing frame with internal or external leaf of masonry 4- Infill – non-load bearing panels between structural frame

Mario Botta, Church of St. John the Baptist, Mogno, 1986-96 (Molinari, L. 1998)

Masonry walls Dependant on: • Strength of units • Bonding • Stiffening • Reinforcement

• Support over openings Johnson, J. 1990 Domestic Construction Manual

Master Builder’s Association of WA

• Masonry types • Clay

• Calcium Silicate

• Concrete

• Stone

• Glass

Available in a range of colours, textures, finishes and shapes.

Clay Brick and Block

Kiln fired, pressed or extruded clays and shales.

Generally

Commons – for applied finishes

Face – exposed finish

Colour •  Iron compounds – oxides, hydroxides or carbonates account for most of the wide range of colours in clay masonry. •  3% iron oxide – white to cream buff colours •  8-10% iron oxide pinks & reds •  1-4% manganese oxide grey & brown colours

Associations Think Brick Australia - www.thinkbrick.com.au

Manufacturers & suppliers Midland Brick – www.midlandbrick.com.au Metro Brick – www.metrobrick.com.au Austral Bricks - www.australbrick.com.au Narrogin Brick – 55 Salvado Road, Wembley 6014

t: 9881 1305 Recycled Brick Co. - Naval Base WA 6165

t: 9315 2260 WA Brickmatch - 27 Hardey Rd, Wattle Grove WA 6107

t:(08) 9359 0035 Midland Brick Coursing Chart

Frank Lloyd Wright, Winslow House, River Forest, Illinois 1893

3

Frank Lloyd Wright, Robie House, Chicago, Illinois 1906

Frank Lloyd Wright, V.C. Morris gift shop, San Francisco, California 1948

Mario Botta, Parish Church of the Blessed Odorico of Pordenone, Pordenone, Italy 1987-92 (Molinari, L. 1998)

12

Brian Klopper

(Geoffrey London, 2002)

Cargill St Residence Blacket Smith Architects (R Blacket,2004)

Concrete brick or block Autoclaved cured masonry

Manufacturers & suppliers Boral Besser – www.midlandbrick.com.au

Frank Lloyd Wright, Alice Madison Millard House (La Miniatura), Pasadena, California, 1923

Civic & Administration Centre & Public Library, Northam

Iwan Iwannoff 1969/1974

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City Beach Residence Iwan Iwannoff

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Stone Common building stone: •  Granites – coarse crystalline stones.

- Blacks,browns,reds, pinks and yellows •  Basalt - (bluestone) finely grained crystalline stone. - Dark grey to blue grey

•  Trachyte – similar to basalt in texture. - Khaki-brown •  Marble – wide variety of characteristics. Often named after location they are found. eg. Carrara marble

- variety of finishes, can be polished.

•  Slate - can be split into very thin sheets - was used as damp course before metal damp courses available - dark grey, bluish to purple •  Sandstone – sand grains cemented with silica, calcium

carbonate or clay. - White, creams, pale browns, purples and orange

•  Limestone – vary in hardness, will not take a high polish. - White cream – grey

Manufacturers & suppliers Limestone Resources – www.limestone-resources.com.au Karatha Stone Pty Ltd – email: karrathastone@bigpond.com Donnybrook Stone Company – email: info@roadstore.com.au Toodyay Quartzite Midland

Entrance Lobby Imperial Hotel, Tokyo, Japan 1915-22 Demolished 1968 Hotel entrance reconstructed at Meiji Mura Park, Nagoya, Japan

Kaufmann House (Fallingwater), Bear Run, Pennsylvania 1935 (Slide 7)

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Mario Botta, Museum of Modern Art, San Francisco, 1989/90-95 (Molinari, L. 1998)

References Scully, M. 2001, CBPI Brick & Paver Dictionary, Clay Brick & Paver Institute, NSW.  

Slides

Slides 1, 3-5

Sommer, R. 1993, Frank Lloyd Wright American Architect for the Twentieth Century, Bison Books Ltd, London.

Slides 2&7

Lind, C. 1992, The Wright Style: Recreating the Spirit of frank Lloyd Wright, Archetype Press, Inc. NY.

Slide 6

Pfeiffer, B. 1991, Frank Lloyd Wright, Benedikt Taschen, Germany

Slides 8-18

Molinari, L. 1998, Mario Botta Public Buildings 1990-1998, Skira editore, Milan

Slides 19-30

Neille, S. Iwanoff Slide Collection

Matthews, L.

Blacket, R. 2004, Building an Ark, Brown Bag Presentation Dept. Architecture + Interior Architecture, Curtin

University of Technology

Slides 31 & 32

London, G. 2002, A Short History of Perth Architecture, Pesaro Publishing, Sydney, Australia.

Thank you to attendees AND SEE YOU LATER