Q. What do you like so far about the narrative? Q. Is there anything you don't like about the narrative so far? Q. Does it remind you of anything else you have read / watched? Q. What questions would you like to ask of the text? EXTENSION: What do you think is going to happen and why?

LO: To Interpret Negative Numbers in Context Watch this video: https://www.bbc.co.uk/bitesize/topics/znwj6sg/articles/zxthnbk

Do a bit of practice: a) - 5 + 2 b) -10 + 5 c) - 8 + 12 d) 2 - 5 e) 0 - 6 f) 1 – 7 Task: Complete section 1 & 2 below. For section 1, use the number line above to help you. Alternatively, draw your own number line from -20 to +20, but remember to include zero! For section 2, remember that the lowest temperature will be the negative number furthest away from zero. To find the difference between the lowest and highest temperatures (where you are subtracting a negative number from a positive number), you need to change the negative number into a positive number and then add the numbers together. This is because two negatives make a positive. E.g. The difference between 12° and -6° = 12° - (-6°) = 12° + 6° = 18°

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The Himalayas

The Himalayan mountain range in found in Asia and separates India and Pakistan from the Tibetan plateau of China.

The Himalayas are more than just a mountain range: together, they make up a gigantic mountain system, which includes many peaks – fourteen of which rise over 8,000 metres above sea level. Mount Everest is the highest mountain in the Himalayas.

Mount Everest at sunset. Climbers’ tents at Everest base camp, Nepal.

Sacred Himalayas

The Himalayas are important to a number of different cultures and faiths. The peaks have a special significance, in particular, for Hindus and Buddhists.

Hindu pilgrim – Gangotri temple, India Gangotri temple, near the source of the river Ganges.

In Hinduism, the Himalayas are often portrayed as a god called Himavat, father of the goddess Ganga. Ganga, or the River Ganges, which is also sacred to Hindus, is said to have the power to wash away people’s sins. The Himalayan source of the Ganges is the meltwater of the Gangotri mountain glacier, found in the northern Indian state of Uttarakhand. Bathing in the ice-cold waters of the river is one of the highlights of a pilgrimage to this region for Hindus – brrr!

As part of a well-trodden pilgrims’ path, Hindus travelling to the town of Gangotri will first visit the starting point of another of India’s great rivers, the River Yamuna. The Gangotri and the Yamunotri temples are only a few hours away from each other, by bus.

The River Yamuna begins, just like the source of the Ganges, as the meltwaters of a Himalayan mountain glacier. To reach the temple at the source, you must trek the last few miles on foot. Thankfully, you’ll find a natural hot spring to bathe in when you get there!

The source of the Ganges is a melting glacier. Hindus trek to the mountain source of the Yamuna.

Living in the Himalayas

Over 40 million people live in the vast Himalayan region that stretches almost all the way across the sub-continent of South Asia. Quite a few of those people live in Nepal, as three-quarters of that country is covered by this mighty mountain range.

Sherpa village of Namche Bazaar at 3,400m Terracing is common in Nepal

The extreme climate found in the Himalayas limits the areas where people can build settlements, and the cold weather puts huge strains on those living there. Winters are bitter: well-trodden paths become impassable, restricting the transport of goods. Terracing is a common sight in the mountain valleys of Nepal. People construct these clever steps (terraces) in the mountainside, to obtain the most land from the steeply shelving slopes.

Most people living here depend on farming, growing their own food. They use yaks for transport.

In Sherpa villages in the Himalayas, yak dung is made into patties and dried. It is then broken up and used for fuel for the fire. It doesn’t smell and burns really well. Very handy on a freezing cold night!

Yaks transporting goods Yak dung

Tourism is also an important source of income in the Himalayas. Many mountain paths are now popular with foreign trekkers and professional climbing groups.

Many of the Sherpa people, who traditionally live high up in the Himalayas of Nepal, earn a living as porters and guides. Porters carry the luggage of walkers or climbers who have travelled to Nepal to attempt an ascent on one of the world’s highest peaks (or just to get a great view of one)! Sherpas are internationally renowned for their knowledge of the Himalayas and their excellent skills as mountaineers. They often take the lead as mountain guides.

Animals

Animals like to live in the Himalayas too. Although the environment is harsh, each species that survives here has adapted over thousands of years to the conditions.

Different types of deer and antelope, the Asian black bear, tiger, elephant, red panda and snow leopard all call the Himalayas their home.

Asian antelope are common in the Himalayas Red panda

The Asian black bear is threatened by deforestation A rare spot! Snow leopards live at high altitudes

Himalayan marmot, also known as the Tibetan snow-pig A famous bird of the region, the black-necked crane

Black-necked cranes sound the alarm!

Please send your Geography work to the Year 5 email for feedback.

Maths Answers:

Practice Questions:

a) -3 b) -5 c) 4 d) -3 e) -6 f) -6

Sections 1-3: