Local energy planning as a

component of a national IEP Mark Borchers/ Megan Euston-Brown

Top 15 cities

~40% of total national consumption

~ 3% of land area (i.e. very energy intensive)

• Building regulations

• Urban layout

• Transport planning

• Electricity distribution

• Electrification

• Embedded RE generation

• Disaster management

• By-laws

• Standards & codes

• Procurement policies

• Budget allocations

• Air Quality control measures

• Etc…

City authorities are de-facto big players in

implementation:

IEP: Demand-led planning and municipalities

IRP demand forcasting for electricity indicative of substantial role of

municipalities, particularly metros

Re-distributors (mainly metros)

IEP: Demand-led planning and municipalities

•Municipal demand is a big part of the national energy picture (over 40%)

and it is important that it is seriously modeled within any IEP/IRP process

•This must factor in:

• Detailed demand data already collected

• Local energy strategies, plans and targets

• EEDSM programmes planned and underway

• Transport plans and mandates

• Transport infrastructure costs

• Electrification programmes

• Transmission and distribution costs

IEP: Demand-led planning and municipalities: EEDSM

potential

R 0

R 200,000,000

R 400,000,000

R 600,000,000

R 800,000,000

R 1,000,000,000

R 1,200,000,000

R 1,400,000,000

LI lighting LI fridge HI lighting HI fridge HI water COM

HVAC

COM water COM

lighting

LG lighting LG HVAC LG street

lights

LG traffic

signals

Cumulative net saving from electricity efficiency interventions up to 2025

The bars represent cumulative net savings (i.e. considering capital costs and electricity savings) of electricity efficiency interventions.

Low-inc residential

Commercial

Govt

Mid-hi inc residential

IEP: Access to energy in urban areas

•Access a key national poverty alleviation issue

(currently, 18% of households do not have access to

electricity)

•Growth - urban informal housing sector – 10% of households

•Free Basic Alternative Energy (FBAE) initiative has not

worked, and unlikely to in future.

•Electrification in informal urban (grid linked) areas

now well understood and valuable and workable

solution for access.

•IEP must factor this expansion of grid and demand into

the modeling and financing of the IEP

•Where grid is unlikely to reach communities, off-grid

solutions need to be planned and resourced.

•Know electrification doesn’t mean end of dirty,

dangerous fuels and ongoing support and work required.

•Affordability of electricity – complex: not burden poor

while not losing high end users

IEP: Supply options and municipalities

•Municipal supply options must be seriously considered: landfill gas, waste

water to electricity, pv installations

•Embedded generation can be significant and must be provided for in an IRP

– providing a ‘municipal generation reserve’. Without this provision NERSA

may not issue generation licenses.

IEP: Transport and urban planning

• Huge energy and carbon implications

•Powers being devolved to local level

•Huge infrastructure cost implications

•Big changes in urban spatial planning essential

for more efficient, cost-effective transport

systems

IEP: Demand-led planning and municipalities

All have Energy, climate and integrated transport strategies and plans

City EE SWH RE Transport

Buffalo

City

Streetlighting – 693MW ITP

Cape Town Street and traffic lighting

841MWh/yr

Savings campaign

Public buildings

Commercial energy forum

Target 300 000

SWH by 2012 =

600GWh

reduction (6%)

10% RE by 2020

Waste to energy plans

Darling wind farm – 5MW

BRT

Efficient vehicles

Urban planning

City of

Joburg

Streetlighting

Public buildings

Waste water potential underway Rea Vaya

Planning regs

Ekruhuleni Council buildings / Street

lighting / Residential

programme

Mass rollout under

design

2MW PV underway

Landfill gas 5MW potential

ITP

eThekwini Street and traffic lighting

KSEF

DICCP

Shisa solar (15000

systems)

900 low-inc SWHs

10MW landfill

Exploring micro hydro

20MW wind potential in city

ITP

NMBMM 1MW potential – buildings

Street lighting

60 000 units next 5

years = 41MW

100 MW wind potential in city

2,5 – 5MW waste water potential

ITP

Tshwane Street lighting project 10% RE local generation target ITP

Municipal energy: governance and energy data

•Enormous growth in energy governance at local level

•Monitoring and reporting: NERSA, DoE, NCCRS – ensure alignment

•Substantial data challenges

Key proposals to IEP

1. City demand expectations and strategies to be included in

demand forecasting

2. Implementation role of cities to be explicitly considered

3. Informal electrification critical for welfare and driven by cities –

demand and budget implication in IEP

4. Budget alignment with implementation role

E.g. Transport budget and capacity alignment NB

5. Cities as key implementers supports diversity of approaches –

diversity NB in a fast changing environment…

City Energy Support Unit, Sustainable Energy Africa www.cityenergy.org.za

Sustainable Energy Africa and City

Energy Support

•Constitution of SA: developmental local

government

•Energy policy post 1994: introduces integrated

(demand-led) planning, access, environmental

considerations – strong role local government

•SEA pioneering local sustainable energy policy

development and building local capacity to tackle

new area of work – SEED Programme 1998 - ; City

Energy Support Unit 2008 –

•First city level energy data collated in City of Cape

Town State of Energy Report, 2003

•Today at least 8 – 10 cities/towns have Energy and

Climate Strategies, based on international protocols

and methodologies pioneered by SEA

•First picture of role of urban energy within the

national energy picture developed through SEA’s

State of Energy in SA Cities, 2006 and updated in

State of Energy in SA Cities 2010.

Municipal energy: governance and energy data

•Enormous growth in energy governance at local level

•Monitoring and reporting: NERSA, DoE, NCCRS – ensure alignment

•Substantial data challenges

• NERSA unable to produce annual data reports because of paucity data

from municipalities and the quality of the data

• Eskom data not readily available and doesn’t line up with municipal

boundaries

• SAPIA data future uncertain (and magisterial boundaries don’t align

with municipal)