0

Geographic Information Science

… making a differenceMost Information has a spatial or geographic componentMost Information has a Most Information has a spatial or geographic componentspatial or geographic component

LocationsLocations

NetworksNetworks

AreasAreas

Geographic Information SystemsGeographic Information Systems

Social FactorsSocial Factors

BiodiversityBiodiversity

EngineeringEngineering

Land UseLand Use

EnvironmentalEnvironmentalConsiderationsConsiderations

……allowing us to see the “whole”allowing us to see the “whole”

WatershedsCommunitiesNeighborhoodsEcosystems

GIS show Context and Content

PatternsLinkagesTrends

Seeing the WholeSeeing the Whole Managing PlacesManaging Places

0

Tracking and PreventingCrime

GIScience:

Crime incidents in Charlotte, NC and Identification of Hot Spots

San Diego

Arthur Getis

0

Protecting the EnvironmentGIScience:

GIS provides a Framework for Studying Complex Systems

Visualizations: Planning Hiking Trails Line of Site Assessments and Profiles

Chesapeake Bay: Community Group Tracking of Nitrogen Levels

Chesapeake Bay: Community Group Tracking of Nitrogen Levels

156 Metropolitan AreasReal-Time Environmental Data for Decision-makingPartnering of US EPA and EMPACT Grantees

Chesapeake Bay Nitrogen• pollution

distribution in space and

time

Sediment Transport:• analyzing erosion risk • designing controls

University of Illinois at U-C

0 0.4 0.8 1.2 1.5 mg/l QuickTime™ and a decompressor

are needed to see this picture.

QuickTime™ and a decompressor

are needed to see this picture.

QuickTime™ and a decompressor

are needed to see this picture.

QuickTime™ and a decompressor

are needed to see this picture.

QuickTime™ and a decompressor

are needed to see this picture.

QuickTime™ and a decompressor

are needed to see this picture.

Tracking Boll Weevil InfestationsJackson State Community College

Remote Sensing -detecting damage from thehemlock wooly adelgid...

Classifying land cover to improve hydrodynamic modeling

Mapping and Tracking Air Quality

Tracking Species Migrations- data from thousands of sources

0

Community PlanningGIScience:

Library Service Areas - improving services to patrons

Aiding the welfare-to-work process … enhancing accessibility to jobs, daycare and training

Growth Models Growth Models -- incorporate hazard, risk, and environmental incorporate hazard, risk, and environmental factors through factors through GIScienceGIScience methodsmethods Identifying and

protecting diverse wildlife habitat and outdoor recreation reserves.

Regional Conservation Planning...

Hazardous Wastes- managing remediation and cleanup

Identification and Awareness of Hazardous Waste Sites

Managing City Street and Utility Improvement Projects Risk Factor Identification from Contaminants

GIS & Political Redistricting

Source: American Scientist, November-December 1996http://www.amsci.org/amsci/issues/Comsci96/compsci96-11.html

Reasoned Decision-making:• Constitutional criteria• Geographic criteria• Political-Geographic criteria• Political criteria

0

Tracking and ControlingUrban Growth

GIScience:

Water

Agriculture

Forest

UUrbanban

Source: USGS, Acevedo, 1999

Urban Geographic Analysis

Source: USGS MRLC Data

Tracking Urban GrowthWashington DC and Vicinity

1792 - 1992

QuickTime™ and a decompressor

are needed to see this picture.

QuickTime™ and a decompressor

are needed to see this picture.

QuickTime™ and a decompressor

are needed to see this picture.

QuickTime™ and a decompressor

are needed to see this picture.

Tracking Urban GrowthWashington DC and Vicinity

1792 - 1992

• Freight & intermodalanalysis

Monitoring Traffic

Managing Traffic

Urban Dynamics ResearchSocial Processes Affecting Land SurfaceSocial Processes Affecting Land SurfaceChanges at the Local and Regional LevelsChanges at the Local and Regional Levels

-- USGSUSGS

May 26, 2000

San Francisco Bay Area Washington-Baltimore

0

Addressing Health Problems

GIScience:

How many cardiovascular patients have a cardiologist within 5 miles? Epidemiological Studies- Disease Tracking

Virus CVirus BVirus A

Incidence of Viruses

Geographic Analysis of Disease RiskWhere are the potential areas of disease?Who are the populations at risk now and in the future?

Landscape Epidemiology

By knowing the ecological conditions necessary for maintenance of specific pathogens, one may use those conditions to ascertain the spatial and temporal distributions of disease risk.

Pattern at Different Spatial Scales

CDCCenters for Disease Control

and Prevention

LaCrosse Encephalitis LaCrosse Encephalitis Cases and Sitesover Land Cover

00 6 KM6 KMUSGS

Location Correlation with Patient Conditions

30 June

13 October

Spread of West Nile Virus 2000

(avian mortality)

West Nile Virus Surveillance Mapping

… linking environment and human risk

Loma Linda Hospital -

Facilities Management

0

Responding to Emergencies

GIScience:

Oil Spill Response SystemOil Spill Response System

Oil Spill Contingency PlanningIntegration of GIS and Environmental Sensitivity Index DataOil Spill Response Decision Support

- Florida Department of Environmental Protection

Predicting Locations of Power Outages Dispatching and Routing Repair Crews

Overview MapShowing Outage

Locations

Current Outages Double Click

to Go to

Detail Map

Simulated Radioisotope Release in Washington D.C.Simulated Radioisotope Release in Washington D.C.5000 Ci of Cesium, 100% aerosolized by a conventional explosion

Pop 360,000Housing: 220,000

Contamination2 Hospitals31 miles of local streets 1 mile railroad

0.1 - 0.5

0.5 - 2.0

2.0 - 5.0

5.0 - 30

>30 REM

0

Educating ChildrenGIScience:

Where to plant trees around all of our schools? In which libraries should we put books for which age children?

Exploring watershed factors in our town

0

Supporting Business and Industry

GIScience:

Guiding Customers to Services- Where are all the ATMs near my present location?? Defining Territories and

Optimizing Customer Routes

Crop Harvest Factor Assessment using Remote ImageryDispatching delivery vans, taxis, or repair

trucks

Precision Agriculture

Allowing farmers to plant and fertilize more efficiently,increasing yields...

Electric Power Infrastructure and Power Flow Analysis

Electric-power infrastructure (EPI) consists of generating plants, transmission lines, substations, and distribution networks

EPI of continental USA has four interconnections

LA part of WSCCPower flow analysis after removing

substations with extensive or complete damage states using Monte Carlo method

0

Disaster Responseand

Damage Assessment

GIScience:

Urban DisasterPlanning andManagement

Real-time data for disaster response Hurricane Andrew:Hurricane Andrew: Projections, Response Projections, Response and Damage Assessmentand Damage Assessment

Single Family Homes Mobile Homes

Doppler Radar of Hurricane Andrew at landfall

Projected Hurricane Path

Wild Fire Tracking: Direct read and fast display of imageryWild Fire Tracking: Direct read and fast display of imagery Mapping Earthquakes - Ground Motion Parameters

Hurricanes / Tropical StormsAug 93 to Present>25 storms

• Hurricane Bonnie damage bands

Earthquake MappingNorthridge, Kobe

0

Visualizations for Managing

Scientific Data

GIScience:

GIS is a Visual LanguageGIS is a Visual Language Three-Dimensional analysis to evaluate urban land use ...

Location Correlation: Store Sales and Customer Densities Three-dimensional analysis to assess green space strategies...

Disaggregate Analysis

Earthquake Mapping

JDJD--UC97 MISC#2UC97 MISC#2--JRJR 770

Slide CreditsThanks and appreciation are extended to the following for supplying graphics, slides or movies:

US Geological Survey

Environmental Systems Research Institute

GE Smallworld

…plus numerous professors and research scientists from across the nation

UCGIS Congressional Breakfast Slideshow

Hosts:Congressman Paul Kanjorski (D-Pennsylvania) Congressman Jerry Lewis (R-California)

Past Congressional Hosts or Speakers at UCGIS EventsSenator Susan Collins (R-Maine)Senator Pete Domenici (R-New Mexico)Senator John Glenn (D-Ohio)Congressman Rush Holt (D-New Jersey)Congressman James Oberstar (D-Minnesota)

Congressman Jack Quinn (R-New York)

Members: University Consortium for Geographic Information ScienceArizona State UniversityUniversity of Arizona Brigham Young University Boston University California State University SystemUniversity of California, Berkeley University of California, Santa Barbara Clark University University of Colorado University of Connecticut University of DelawareFlorida State UniversityGeorge Mason University University of Georgia Georgia Institute of Technology Hunter College, City University of NYUniversity of IdahoUniversity of Illinois University of IowaUniversity of KansasUniversity of KentuckyLouisiana State University University of Maine

University of MarylandUniversity of Massachusetts, Amherst Massachusetts Institute of Technology Michigan State University University of Michigan University of Minnesota University of Nebraska New Mexico State & Univ of New MexicoState University of New York at Buffalo University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill Oak Ridge National Laboratory Ohio State University Ohio GIS Net UniversitiesUniversity of Oklahoma Oregon State University University of OregonPennsylvania State University University of PennsylvaniaUniversity of Pittsburgh Rutgers University San Diego State University University of South CarolinaUniversity of Southern California

Syracuse University Texas A&M University-Corpus Christi University of Texas at DallasUniversity of Utah Virginia Commonwealth University West Virginia University University of Washington University of Wisconsin-Madison University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee University of Wyoming American Congress on Surveying and Mapping American Geographical Society Association of American GeographersAmerican Society of Photogrammetry and

Remote Sensing Affiliates:Environmental Systems Research Institute Intergraph CorporationOracle CorporationPacific Meridian ResourcesSmallworld Systems, Inc.Sun Microsystems, Inc.U.S. Geological Survey