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LOGIC MODEL:Moving Forward into the Accountability Era
Sharon Schnelle, Presenter
Sponsored through
Goals of Training
Participants will understand
History and overview The basics of logic model planning &
development Different logic model formats Available resources
Logic Model training AGENDA
Welcome & IntroductionBasic Housekeeping information Logic Model BasicsLogic Model Development and
Planning SkillsPracticing the Skills
LOGIC MODEL basics
Presents a “snapshot” of a program Graphic representation of the program,
“theory” or “action” – what it invests, what it does, and what results are achieved
Many different models available – no right way
Logical chain of if-then relationships If x occurs then y will occur
A logic model is your program ROAD MAP
LOGIC MODEL basics
Provides the core of planning and evaluation Helps identify the connection
between what we do and impact the program is having
Provides a common vocabulary and helps in program planning
Helps focus on quality and continuous improvement
Demand for Increased Accountability What gets measured gets done If you don’t measure results, you can’t tell success
from failure If you can’t see success, you can’t reward it If you can’t reward success, you’re probably
rewarding failure If you can’t see success, you can’t learn from it If you can’t recognize failure, you can’t correct it. If you can demonstrate results, you can win public
support.from Re-inventing Government by Osborne and Gaebler, 1992
Logic Model is here to stay
Logic model is in widespread use and will increase in influence in the future Private Sector Public Sector: GPRA Non-Profit Sector International Arena Evaluators
Logic Model is used everyday
Family Members
Budget
Car
Camping Equipment
Drive to state park
Set up camp
Cook, play, talk, laugh, hike
Family members learn about each
other; family bonds; family has
a good time
Imagine the planning that goes into deciding the Family vacation - DESTINATION: A Camping Trip.
What does a logic model look like?Many formats possible. Use what works
for your program, agency, group. Graphic display of boxes and arrows, either vertical or
horizontal that depicts relationships / linkages
Any shape possibleo Circular, dynamico Cultural adaptations; storyboards
Level of detailo Simple
o Complex
Multiple models may be needed to describe and explain complex
initiatives or systems.
LOGIC MODEL example
Sometimes connecting outputs to outcomes is a challenge
“I think you should be more explicit here in Step Two.”
Logic Model Vocabulary
Goal = Impact Objectives (participant focused) = Outcomes Activities = Outputs
Outputs may signify “tangible” accomplishments as a result of activities
Impact = Long-term outcome
So, why bother? What’s in this for you?
Some of the common comments . . . “This seems like a lot of work.” “Where in the world would I get all the information
to put in a logic model? “I’m a right brain type of person – this isn’t for
me.” “Even if we created one, what would we do with
it?”
Benefits of Logic Model
Provides a common language Helps us differentiate between “what we do”
and “results” --- outcomes Increases understanding about program Guides and helps focus work Leads to improved planning and management Increases intentionality and purpose Provides coherence across complex tasks,
diverse environments
The benefits that keep on giving Enhances team work Guides prioritization and allocation of
resources Motivates staff Helps to identify important variables to
measure; use evaluation resources wisely Increases resources, opportunities,
recognition Supports replication Often is required!
READY, SET… BEGIN!
Determine the purpose of your logic model Who will use it? For what?
Involve others Set boundaries for logic model Understand situation Explore research, knowledge base, what
others are doing/have done
Logic Model and Planning
Applies at any level: national plan, statewide plan, individual plan of work, specific project/activity plan
Model vs. more detailed program plan/management plan
Focus on outcomes: “start with end in mind” It is a framework for describing the relationships
between investments, activities and results. It provides a common approach for integrating
planning, implementation, evaluation and reporting.
Check your logic model
1. Is it meaningful?
2. Does it make sense?
3. Is it doable?
4. Can it be verified?
Source: University of Wisconsin - Extension
Writing good outcomesSMART objectives:
Specific
Measurable
Attainable
Results-oriented
Timed
Who/what
Change(desired
effect) In whatBy
whenYouth who participate in afterschool reading program
increase Their average scores on the 4th grade proficiency
The end of school year 2008
Runaway and homeless youth
adopt Safety plan for streets
Before exiting the shelter
Domestic violence perpetrators
reduce Incidence of violence against spouse or significant other
By end of year one.
Beginning with the end in mind . . .
Needs/asset assessment:
What are the characteristics, needs, priorities of target population?
What are potential barriers/facilitators?
What is most appropriate?
Process evaluation:
How is program implemented? Fidelity of implementation?
Are activities delivered as intended?
Are participants being reached as intended?
What are participant reactions?
Outcome evaluation:
To what extent are desired changes occurring? For whom?
Is the program making a difference?
What seems to work? Not work?
What are unintended outcomes?
Staff
Money
Partners
Research
Parents gain skills in effective parenting practices
Develop parent ed curriculum
Deliver series of interactive sessions
Parents increase knowledge of child develop
Parents better understand their own parenting style
Parents use effective parenting practices
Improved child-parent relations
Facilitate support groups
Parents identify appropriate actions to take
Strong families
Targetedparentsattend
FOCUS ON EVALUATION:
What do you (and others) want to know about this program?
To what extent are relations improved? Does this result in stronger families?
To what extent did behaviorschange? For whom? Why? What else happened?
To what extent did knowledge and skills increase? For whom? Why? What else happened?
Who/how many attended/did not attend? Did they attend all sessions?Supports groups? Were they satisfied – will they come again?
How many sessions were actually delivered? How effectively?# and quality of support groups?
What amount of $ and time were invested?
Logic Model
Logic Model Exercise 1 Mystery Community Clinic Senior Care
Program
Logic Model Exercise 2 Group proposed program
Logic Model Exercise 3 Your agency problem and program
Sample Logic Model
Resources Activities Outputs Outcomes Goals
Staff
Participants
United Way funding
Modular independent living skills curricula
Home visits and individualized assistance in developing living skills
Physical and mental activity assessments
Homemaker/chore service
Van Go transportation
Referrals to Meals on Wheels
30 senior participants
Initial assessment and quarterly follow-up assessments for all participants
Monthly home visits and independent living skills training for all participants
240 hours of homemaker/chore services per month
Increased ability of clients to perform daily living tasks
Maintained/improved physical, social, and emotional functioning
Increased access to health care and services
Maintain seniors independence in their own homes for as long as possible
Program Evaluation Logic Model: Mysteries Community Clinic Senior Care Program
Logic Model Limitations
•Represents reality, but is not reality
•Focuses on expected outcomes
•Challenge of causal attribution
Many factors influence process and outcomes
•Doesn’t address whether we are doing the
right thing
