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1 © Nokia 2017
LTE BroadcastRundfunk über LTE Mobilfunk
Ulrich Rehfuess, Head of Spectrum Policy
27. April 2017
28/04/20172
TV of the future: the smart phone at the heart of it?
TV receiver, mobile and fixed mini TV set
Settop Box
(Empfänger) für
großen Bildeschirm
Intelligent remote
control
TV integreated
with internet
access and social
media
4 © Nokia 2017 [email protected]
TV reception today (usage % in German households)
Satellite TV
(~45%)
cable TV
(~45%)
Internet TV
(~5%)
DSL
Terrestrial TV (DVB-T/DVB-T2) via antenna
(~5% primary / ~10% total)
5 © Nokia 2017 [email protected]
Impact of
massive linear
video use
in unicast
Mobile radio without broadcast mode
V
V
V
V
V
6 © Nokia 2017 [email protected]
Mobile radio with broadcast mode – eMBMS / LTE broadcast
Resources for
unicast FF
FFF
F
F
F
FF
and
broadcast
7 © Nokia 2017 [email protected]
8 © Nokia 2017 [email protected]
Telstra to launch LTE-Broadcast large scale 2H2017
https://exchange.telstra.com.au/mwc17-lte-broadcast-coming-to-a-device-near-you
9 © Nokia 2017
What is eMBMS?
10 © Nokia 2017 [email protected]
Evolved Multimedia Broadcast Multicast Service (eMBMS) solution architectureeMBMS components
Content Provider
BMSCMBMS GW
MME
Sm
M1
SGmb
M3
SGi-mb
CP
UP
UE
Chips and Terminals available but playout, rendering program guide, etc. need to be made available.
• MBMS packet delivery to eNBs
• MBMS Session Control towards E-UTRAN
• MBMS admission control
• MBMS radio resource allocation
eNB
MCE
eMBMS
New Entity
eMBMS User Traffic
eMBMS Signalling
• MBMS user service provisioning and delivery
• MBMS Bearer Service authorization and initiation
• MBMS transmission scheduling and delivery
• Entry point for content providers’ transmissions
M2
MCE: Multi-Cell/Multicast Coordination Entity, BMSC: Broadcast Multicast Service Center
11 © Nokia 2017 [email protected]
Growing interest in Media mobile distributionEvidence in recent Fora and Standards activity
Fora
> EBU: CTN-Mobile
> LTE-Broadcast Alliance
> GSMA: Network 2020
Standards
> 3GPP SA: LTE based TV service
> 3GPP RAN: eMBMS enhancements
> ETSI: Mobile Broadcast Convergence
> SARFT: LTE-based broadcast in China
5G-PPP
> White paper on “5G and Media and Entertainment”
12 © Nokia 2017
eMBMS use cases
13 © Nokia 2017 [email protected]
eMBMS for enhanced stadium experience – content delivery in live eventsFor content generation: mobile edge video orchestration
http://www.starhub.com/about-us/newsroom/2014/october/starhub-and-nokia-networks-at-the-edge-of-mobile-content-deliver.html
14 © Nokia 2017 [email protected]
eMBMS for group communications e.g. in Public Safety networksLTE is the technology of choice for broadband PPDR networks
Global trend to use LTE performance and economies of scale instead of current proprietary systems
eMBMS provides for one to many communication channels
15 © Nokia 2017 [email protected]
Further eMBMS applicationsPublic warnings in catastrophees, accidents, map and SW updates, …
… plenty of one-to-many applications exist
16 © Nokia 2017 [email protected]
eMBMS for mobile TV
eMBMS for wide area TV distribution
- Mobile or even to the large screen?
- Free-to-air?- Large area SFN?- Capacity?- Cost?- …
17 © Nokia 2017
Nokia considerations
18 © Nokia 2017 [email protected]
Spectrum use in Europe ~2015 – UHF remains attractive for multiple services
▪ Licence exempt: DECT, Wi-Fi (2.4 GHz,…)
▪ Possible future mobile use:LTE (700 MHz, L- and S-Band, 2.3 GHz, ...)
▪ Mobile use:GSM (900, 1800 MHz), UMTS (2.1 GHz)LTE (800, 1800, 2600 MHz)
▪ Broadcast use: FM, DAB, DVB-T
▪ Other services
Most valuable spectrum e.g. for mobile between ~450 MHz and 1 GHz large area coverage; DVB-T as of today occupies 320 MHz, after 700 MHz repurposing 224 MHz
Higher bands around 2 GHz and above deliver capacity in densely populated area
MHz
Below ~450 MHz, antennas are too large for handheld use
19 © Nokia 2017 [email protected]
LTE in broadcast band 470-694 MHz: Supplemental Downlink (SDL)
Supplemental Downlink = additional capacity to exclusive (FDD) band in downlink direction
▪ Complements LTE capacity for video streaming and intense audio visual use
▪ Easier to coordinate with DTT use than conventional uplink and downlink operation within the band
▪ eMBMS as LTE broadcast technology can complement or in the more distant future even replace DVB-T for terrestrial TV distribution in supplemental downlink capacity
Downlink
Uplink
Supplemental Downlink
470 MHz 694 MHz 700 800 900
Uplink und Downlink
SDL may provide win-win between DTT and MBB way before 2030
20 © Nokia 2017 [email protected]
LTE SDL Demo in live TV band in Espoo, Finland, Sep 2 2016
http://company.nokia.com/en/news/press-
releases/2016/09/02/qualcomm-nokia-and-yle-announce-worlds-first-
demonstration-of-lte-supplemental-downlink-in-a-tv-broadcast-bandhttps://ec.europa.eu/digital-single-market/en/blog/convergence-action-
interesting-demo-finland
21 © Nokia 2017 [email protected]
LTE can increase efficiency of use in the valuable spectrum below 700 MHz
LTE broadcast 30 MHz DL 30 MHz UL
79
07
91
82
1
83
2
86
2
47
0
Digital Dividend 1(since 2010)
69
4
UHF 700 WRC-12/15LTE unicast
Integrated UHF Multimedia Network(long term Nokia vision)
Digital Dividend 2(from 2015)
LTE broadcast for e.g. 24 HD TV channels covering the most popular programs including public service broadcast
Dynamic spectrum allocation between broadcast and unicast = full flexibility
Massive capacity for non-linear content (Video on-demand, niche channels and a multitude of MBB services)
22 © Nokia 2017 [email protected]
LTE broadcast builds on existing infrastructure and ecosystem
Digital terrestrial television
> DVB-T(2), ATSC, ISDB-T & DTMB
> Typically not available in smart phones and tablet PCs
> High towers require coordination (e.g. Geneva 06) and can use only fractions of the UHF band in any given location
> Multiple Frequency Network (MFN) or multiple Single Frequency Networks (SFN) required to cover large areas
LTE broadcast
> Single global standard
> Widest range of devices, latest CODECs,huge number of established BTS sites
> Improved UHF spectrumutilization due to small coordination distances
> Single Frequency Network (SFN) for national, regional and local service areas
> Cost comparable to DTT, but higher flexibility (adaptive broadcast/unicast split, interactivity)
23 © Nokia 2017 [email protected]
Possible range of cost
Estimate on annual cost of DVB-T vs. LTE Broadcast distribution€160M annual spend for public broadcast vs. incremental cost of eMBMS capacity for MNO
Sensitivity analysis w.r.t.
• # base stations (eNB)
• RF bandwidth for 25 HD channels
e.g. 25 HD channels HEVC
25x 3.6 Mb/s / 1.5 b/Hz/s = 60 MHz
24 © Nokia 2017
eMBMS field trial in Munich
25 © Nokia 2017 [email protected]
:Integration of Broadcast and Mobile Broadband in LTE/5G
Objectives of IMB5
• Create technological models for the convergence of broadcast and mobile broadband by:
• Testing the capabilities and limitations of current LTE eMBMS for nationwide broadcast infrastructure
• Creating an optimized system architecture for eMBMS based networks
• Defining input for modifications of the 3GPP standardization of eMBMS
• What the project is not about:
• Replacement of DVB-T/T2 by LTE eMBMS
• Discussing business models
• Tapping into the spectrum discussion
The Munich trial is part of a research project called IMB5
Public
26 © Nokia 2017 [email protected]
IMB5- Consortium
Associated Partners:
This project is co-funded by the Bavarian Research Foundation
(Bayerische Forschungsstiftung BFS)
27 © Nokia 2017 [email protected]
7,5km
2km
10km
Industry first field trial of eMBMS Single Frequency Network (SFN) in Munich, GermanyImplemented with commercially available Flexi eNodeB hardware
Q3/14: field trial start
Pre-commercial SFN software implementation
Q4/14: demo center
Available for stakeholder visits
Configuration
> 4 locations, 4 cells> ISD 2 – 19 km> Nokia Flexi Multiradio 10 BTS commercial APT700 HW> eMBMS pre-commercial SFN, core network emulation> Qualcomm test terminals, eMBMS enabled measurement
equipment from Rohde & Schwarz (TSMW, ROMES)> UHF spectrum, 3GPP band 28> 10 MHz FDD (several SD channels, some HD channels)
28 © Nokia 2017 [email protected]
Single Frequency Network (SFN) gaineMBMS RS SINR *) compared to single cell RS SINR
28
PCI 400 PCI 100 PCI 300
MBSFN area
• RS SINR measurement per single PCI over time
• This measurement is performed on the LTE reference signals in the non-MBMS subframes
• RS SINR eMBMS SFN measurement over time
• This measurement is performed only on eMBMS
reference signals in the eMBMS subframes
• Blue circled areas show SFN gain
• Red circled area indicates destructive interference
*) Reference Symbol Signal to Interference and Noise Ratio
29 © Nokia 2017 [email protected]
CIR analysis to check guard interval violationsInter Symbol
inter-symbol
interference
16,7µs cyclic prefix
Interference
Channel Impulse
Response (CIR)
chart provides path
delays from
individual cells and
delay spread
information
30 © Nokia 2017 [email protected]
Munich eMBMS trial network: spectrum configurationLTE DL (and UL) operational in 700 MHz band despite presence of DTT multiplexes
K48 K49 K50 K51 K52 K53 K54 K55 K56 K57 K58 K59
686 694 702 710 718 726 734 742 750 758 766 774 782 MHz
706 716 761 771
711 766
DVB-T-Mux(Pro7/ Sat1)Olympic Tower
V pol.
eMBMS trial
network Uplink
H pol.
DVB-T-Mux(div priv.)Olympic Tower
V pol.
DVB-T-Mux(ARD)Olympic Tower
V pol.
DVB-T-Mux(BFS)Olympic Tower
V pol.
eMBMS trial
network Downlink
H pol.
DVB-T transmit power: 100 kW ERP per carrier
DVB-T carriers within the trial LTE uplink spectrum produce in-band interference to the LTE receiver in the base station. Therefore notch filters were deployed. In the trial scenario this is relevant only for combined broadcast/unicast use cases.
3GPP Band 28 Downlink3GPP Band 28 Uplink
duplex distance 55 MHz
DVB-T-MuxHohen-peißen-berg
H pol.
31 © Nokia 2017 [email protected]
Smartphone applications to show LTE 4 TV Broadcast use casesHbbTV example
Internet
eMBMSTV broadcast
LTE unicast
Controlled link,multicast
IP best effort
Program InformationMediathekVideotext/News
Miracast
The demo shows a combined broadcast/unicast use case on a smartphone:
- Switching between different TV broadcast channels
- Unicast overlay with VoD offering (HbbTV like presentation) - Switching between broadcast and unicast screens- Screencast via Wi-Fi to a large screen (smartphone as a “set top box”)
32 © Nokia 2017 [email protected]
IMB5 presentation 14.1.2016 in Berlin, Bayerische Landesvertretung
33 © Nokia 2017
5G Media Initiative
34 © Nokia 2017
35 © Nokia 2017
36 © Nokia 2017
Nokia vision
37 © Nokia 2017 [email protected]
Cooperation between broadcast and mobile broadbandIntegrated UHF Multimedia Network
• Distribution of linear audio-visual content to
mobile devices
• Mobile device may become the TV receiver for
the large screen
• Flexible allocation of bandwidth to linear and
non-linear content as needed
• Required capacity can be found in
470-694 MHz
• Broadcast - Mobile Broadband cooperation can
open win-win via more efficient spectrum use