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LTELTELTELTETechnologies, Roadmap and Technologies, Roadmap and
StrategiesStrategies
1Runcom Technologies Ltd.
12/11/2010 1
StrategiesStrategiesPeretz Shekalim
December 2010
Runcom
Contents
• 3GPP standardization activities• LTE Release 8 and 9• LTE-Release 10 and beyond (LTE-Advanced)• LTE-Release 10 and beyond (LTE-Advanced)• Details of some major features:
– CoMP– SON– Multicarrier
Relay
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– Relay
• IEEE802.16m performance
33GPP GPP StandardisationStandardisationActivitiesActivities
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3GPP Standardisation Process
ITU Recommendations
ITUExisting process Project Coordination Group
(PCG)
Technical Specification Groups (TSGs)
Partners
Organisational Partners(OP)
TTC, ARIB,ETSI,
TTA, CCSA, ATIS
Market Representation Partners(MRP)
Member companiesTechnical proposals and
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Technical specifications
GSMA,TD-SCDMA Forum,
Femto Forum,CDG, etc
14 partners
Standardisation process in each OP
contributions
Local specifications
Source: © 3GPP 2009 <ITU-R WP 5D 3rd Workshop on IMT-Advanced, 15 October 2009>, Takehiro Nakamura
2
Developing internet protocol specs
ITU-R/TDeveloping Mobile
li ti
Referring to specs
Developing Recommendations
Standardisation Organisations Communicating with 3GPP
application specs
Referring to 3GPP specs(contributed by individual
members)
Partners of 3GPPReferring to 3GPP specs for
Cross reference of specs
Developing Wireless LAN/MAN specs
Requirements
Input specs
MRP
Terminal
Terminal certification based on 3GPP specs
Cross reference of specs
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Organisational Partners
Referring to 3GPP specs for the local specs
JapanEU Korea China North America
Certification
Source: © 3GPP 2009 <ITU-R WP 5D 3rd Workshop on IMT-Advanced, 15 October 2009>, Takehiro Nakamura
3GPP Structure
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Roadmaps
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Source: Qualcomm
LTE Release LTE Release 8 8 and and 99
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LTE Core and Radio Access Network
Core Network (CN)Core Network (CN)
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Radio Access Network (RAN)
LTE overall architecture
EPC (Evolved Packet Core)( )
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MME - (Mobility Management Entity) by means of the S1-MME
S-GW - (Serving Gateway) by means of the S1-U.
SAE – System Architecture Evolution
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Functional Split between E-UTRAN and EPCLogical Nodes
Functional Entities
Radio Protocol layers
S1 S1
S1 S1X2X2
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4
LTE Frame structure
Sampling RateSampling period
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Recourse Grid
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Mapping of Cell-specific Reference signals
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Dedicated RS
4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4
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5
LTE Release 8 Major Parameters
Access Scheme UL DFTS‐OFDM
DL OFDMA
Bandwidth 1.4, 3, 5, 10, 15, 20MHz
Minimum TTI 1msec
Sub‐carrier spacing 15kHz
Cyclic prefix length Short 4.7μsecLong 16.7μsec
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Modulation QPSK, 16QAM, 64QAM
Spatial multiplexing Single layer for UL per UE
Up to 4 layers for DL per UE
MU‐MIMO supported for UL and DL
LTE developed protocol stack
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LTE Release 8 Key Features
• High spectral efficiency– OFDM in Downlink– DFTS-OFDM(“Single-Carrier FDMA”) in Uplink– Multi-antenna application
• Very low latency (TTI, RRC procedure, …)• Support of variable bandwidth
– 1.4, 3, 5, 10, 15 and 20 MHz• Simple protocol architecture (PS for VoIP)• Simple Architecture• Compatibility and inter-working with earlier 3GPP Releases• Inter-working with other systems, e.g. cdma2000
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g y , g• FDD and TDD• Efficient Multicast/Broadcast (Single frequency network by OFDM)• Support of SON
LTE performances
• Peak DL rates (for 20MHz):– 326.4 Mbit/s for 4x4 antennas, – 172.8 Mbit/s for 2x2 antennas for every 20 MHz of spectrum.
• Peak upload rates of 86.4 Mbit/s p /• 5 different terminal classes. All terminal will be able to process 20 MHz
bandwidth. • At least 200 active users in every 5 MHz cell• Sub-5ms latency for small IP packets • Transmission Time Intervals: 1 msec• HARQ Retransmission Time: 8msec• Bearer Services: Packet only
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y• Optimal cell size of 5 km, 30 km sizes with reasonable performance, and
up to 100 km cell sizes supported with acceptable performance • Co-existence with legacy standards (smooth HO with GSM, GPRS, W-
CDMA-based UMTS or even 3GPP2) • Supports MBSFN. This feature can deliver services such as Mobile TV, and
is a competitor for DVB-H-based TV broadcast.
6
Achievable Peak Data Rates
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LTE-Release 8 User Equipment Categories
Category 1 2 3 4 5
Peak rate DL 10 50 100 150 300Mbps UL 5 25 50 50 75
Capability for physical functionalities
RF bandwidth 20MHz
Modulation DL QPSK, 16QAM, 64QAM
UL QPSK, 16QAM QPSK,16QAM,64QAM
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Multi‐antenna
2 Rx diversity Assumed in performance requirements.
2x2 MIMO Not supported
Mandatory
4x4 MIMO Not supported Mandatory
ll d dd dLTE Release LTE Release 10 10 and Beyondand Beyond(LTE(LTE--Advanced)Advanced)
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IMT advanced – General requirements (1)
ITU IMT advanced is the base line for the 4G requirement
• Higher spectral efficiencies and peak data rates up to 1Giga bps.• Lower latencies (air-link access latency, [Inter-FA HO, Intra-FA HO, inter-
RAN HO] latencies) to enable new delay sensitive applicationsRAN HO] latencies) to enable new delay-sensitive applications.• Mobility Support: Cellular systems including IMT-Advanced are required
to support the environments described in following:
– Pedestrian (Pedestrian speeds up to 10 km/h)– Typical Vehicular (Vehicular speeds up to 120 km/h)– High Speed Vehicular (Vehicular speeds up to 500 km/h)– Seamless application connectivity to other mobile networks and other IP networks
(global roaming capabilities).
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• Support for larger cell sizes and improved cell-edge performance.• Low-cost and low-complexity terminals for worldwide use.• Improved Unicast and multicast broadcast services.• Provision for PAN/LAN/WAN Co-location / Coexistence.• And more
7
IMT advanced – detailed requirements (2)
• Multiple access methods• OFDMA, CDMA and also Single-carrier/Multi-carrier operation,
..• FDD H FDD and TDD modes• FDD, H-FDD and TDD modes• DL:UL ration configurable• Different Ch-BW configurable for FDD mode (e.g. 10MHz
downlink, 5MHz uplink )• scalable bandwidths from 5 to 20 MHz• Support of Advanced Antenna Techniques:
Mi i t fi ti i t h ll b
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• Minimum antenna configuration requirements shall be: – For the base station, a minimum of 2xTX and 2xRX antennas– For the MS, a minimum of 1xTX and 2xRX antennas
IMT advanced – detailed requirements (3)
• Link Adaptation and Power Control • Maximum Latency (MAC to MAC): 10msec BS MS
and MS BS• State transition latency: IDLE_STATE to
ACTIVE_STATE : 100msec• Maximum Handover Interruption :
– Intra-frequency: 50 msec, – Inter-frequency: 150 msec
E h d L ti B d S i (LBS)
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• Enhanced Location Based Services (LBS)• Enhanced Multicast Broadcast Service (E-MBS)
Current agreements on the requirements for LTE Advanced
• Peak data rate DL: 1 Gbps, UL: 500 Mbps• Transmission bandwidth: Wider than ~70 MHz in DL and 40 MHz in UL• Latency: C-plane from Idle (with IP address allocated) to Connected in
<50 ms and U-plane latency shorter than 5 ms one way in RAN taking ( )into account 30% retransmissions (FFS)
• Cell edge user throughput 2 times higher than that in LTE• Average user throughput 3 times higher than that in LTE• Capacity (spectrum efficiency) 3 times higher than that in LTE• Peak spectrum efficiency DL: 30 bps/Hz, UL: 15 bps/Hz• Spectrum flexibility: Support of scalable bandwidth and spectrum
aggregationb l h
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• Mobility: Same as that in LTE• Coverage should be optimized or deployment in local areas/micro cell
environments with ISD up to 1 km• Backward compatibility and interworking with LTE with 3GPP legacy
systems
LTE Advanced – RAN1 issues under discussion
• Various concepts for Relay Nodes• UE Dual TX antenna solutions for SU-MIMO and diversity MIMO• Scalable system bandwidth exceeding 20 MHz, Potentially up to 100MHz
(for stationary devices)(for stationary devices)• Local area optimization of air interface• Nomadic / Local Area network and mobility solutions• Flexible Spectrum Usage• Cognitive Radio• Automatic and autonomous network configuration and operation• Enhanced precoding and forward error correction
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• Interference management and suppression• Asymmetric bandwidth assignment for FDD• Hybrid OFDMA and SC-FDMA in uplink• UL/DL inter eNB coordinated MIMO
8
• Peak data rate– 1 Gbps data rate will be achieved by 4-by-4 MIMO and transmission
System Performance Requirements
p y ybandwidth wider than approximately 70 MHz
• Peak spectrum efficiency– DL: Rel. 8 LTE satisfies IMT-Advanced requirement– UL: Need to double from Release 8 to satisfy IMT-Advanced
requirementRel. 8 LTE LTE-Advanced IMT-Advanced
Peak data rateDL 300 Mbps 1 Gbps
1 Gbps(*)
29Runcom Technologies Ltd.
Peak data rate 1 Gbps( )UL 75 Mbps 500 Mbps
Peak spectrum efficiency [bps/Hz]
DL 15 30 15UL 3.75 15 6.75
*“100 Mbps for high mobility and 1 Gbps for low mobility” is one of the key features as written in Circular Letter (CL)
Source: © 3GPP 2009 <ITU-R WP 5D 3rd Workshop on IMT-Advanced, 15 October 2009>, Takehiro Nakamura
System Performance Requirements (Cont’d)
Capacity and cell‐edge user throughput• Target for LTE‐Advanced was set considering gain of 1.4 to 1.6 from Release 8 LTE performance
Cell‐edge user thro hp t
DL 2‐by‐2 0.05 0.07 –
Ant. Config. Rel. 8 LTE*1 LTE-Advanced*2 IMT-Advanced*3
Capacity [bps/Hz/cell]
DL 2-by-2 1.69 2.4 –
4-by-2 1.87 2.6 2.24-by-4 2.67 3.7 –
UL 1-by-2 0.74 1.2 –2-by-4 – 2.0 1.4
x1.4-1.6
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throughput [bps/Hz/cell/user] 4‐by‐2 0.06 0.09 0.06
4‐by‐4 0.08 0.12 –
UL 1‐by‐2 0.024 0.04 –
2‐by‐4 – 0.07 0.03
*1 See TR25.912(Case 1 scenario) *2 See TR36.913(Case 1 scenario)*3 See ITU-R M.2135(Base Coverage Urban scenario)
Source: © 3GPP 2009 <ITU-R WP 5D 3rd Workshop on IMT-Advanced, 15 October 2009>, Takehiro Nakamura
j fj fMajor featuresMajor featuresLTELTE--Advanced TechnologiesAdvanced Technologies
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System bandwidth, e g 100 MHz
CC, e.g., 20 MHz
Carrier Aggregation
Frequency
e.g., 100 MHz
UE capabilities
• 100-MHz case
• 40-MHz case
• 20-MHz case (Rel. 8 LTE)
32Runcom Technologies Ltd.Source: © 3GPP 2009 <ITU-R WP 5D 3rd Workshop on IMT-Advanced, 15 October 2009>, Takehiro Nakamura
9
DL/UL Uplink Multiple Access Scheme
Channelcoding
Channelcoding
Channelcoding
Channelcoding
Transportblock
Transportblock
Transportblock
Transportblock
Mod.
Mapping
cod g
HARQ
Mod.
Mapping
cod g
HARQ
Mod.
Mapping
cod g
HARQ
Mod.
Mapping
cod g
HARQ
CC
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“N-times DFT-Spread OFDM”CC
Freq.
CC
Parallel Rel. 8 LTE transmission
PUCCH region
PUSCH(Physical uplink shared channel)
MIMO variance
Single‐user MIMO (SU‐MIMO)
Multi‐user MIMO (MU‐MIMO)
Single‐layer beamforming (Single‐layer BF)
Ex) Ex)Ex)
Single‐input multiple‐output ( )
Multi‐user MIMO ( )
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(SIMO) (MU‐MIMO)
Ex) Ex)
Source: © 3GPP 2009 <ITU-R WP 5D 3rd Workshop on IMT-Advanced, 15 October 2009>, Takehiro Nakamura
Max. 8 streams
CSI feedback
Enhanced Multi-antenna Techniques in DL/UL
Enhanced MU-MIMO
Higher-order MIMO up to 8 streams
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Max. 4 streams
SU-MIMO up to 4 streams
Source: © 3GPP 2009 <ITU-R WP 5D 3rd Workshop on IMT-Advanced, 15 October 2009>, Takehiro Nakamura
Coherent combining or dynamic cell selection
CoMP
Coordinated scheduling/beamformingJoint transmission/dynamic cell selection
Receiver signal processing at central eNB (e.g., MRC, MMSEC)
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Multipoint receptionSource: © 3GPP 2009 <ITU-R WP 5D 3rd Workshop on IMT-Advanced, 15 October 2009>, Takehiro Nakamura
10
Relaying
Type I & Type 1a
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LTE-A Relay RN Tree
LTE-A Relay
: Rel-8 frame structure
: Rel-10 frame structure
Type-I Relay
Out-of-bandRelay
In-bandRelay
Type-IIRelay
TDD Type-IIRelay
FDD Type-II Relay
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TDD Out-of-bandRelay
FDD Out-of-bandRelay
TDD In-bandRelay
FDD In-bandRelay
User plane latency
FDD TDD
• LTE fulfills ITU-R requirements on user plane latency
UE eNB
1.5 ms
HARQ RTT 8 ms
1.5 ms
TTI
1 ms
UE eNB
1ms+ FAt 1.5ms
TTI
1 ms
UE eNBTTI
(a) Downlink
FDD TDD
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1.5 ms 1.5 ms 1 ms 1.5ms1ms+ FAt 1 ms
(b) Uplink
0 % BLER 4.0 msec
10 % BLER 4.8 msec
0 % BLER 4.9 msec
10 % BLER 6.035 msec
Source: © 3GPP 2009 <ITU-R WP 5D 3rd Workshop on IMT-Advanced, 15 October 2009>, Takehiro Nakamura
LTE Advanced requirements
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11
Summary of IEEE802.16m objectives
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Thank You!
Peretz Shekalim
42Runcom Technologies Ltd.
Runcom Tech LTDVP System and Standardsmobile: +972 54 3108448office: +972 3 9428850email: [email protected]