LTE: Technology & Market

8/3/2019 LTE: Technology & Market

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LTE: Technology & Market

New York, 2011.10.07

Dr. Hyung G. Myung,


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LTE

Outline

1

Technology

Challenge

Market


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LTE: Long Term Evolution

Standardized by 3GPP (3rd Generation Partnership Project).

3GPP is a partnership of 6 regional standards organizations.

ARIB (Japan)

ATIS (USA)

CCSA (China)

ETSI (Europe)

TTA (South Korea)

TTC (Japan)

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3GPP Evolution

Release 99 (2000): UMTS/WCDMA

Rel-5 (2002): HSDPA

Rel-6 (2005): HSUPA

Rel-7 (2007) and beyond: HSPA+

Long Term Evolution (LTE)

3GPP work on the Evolution started in November 2004.

Standardized in the form of Rel-8 (Dec. 2008).

LTE-Advanced (LTE-A)

More bandwidth (up to 100 MHz) and backward compatible with LTE.

Standardized in the form of Rel-10 (Mar. 2011).

Meets IMT-Advanced requirements: Real 4G.

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LTE Standardization Status

4

Rel. 8

LTE

Source: 3GPP

2009 2010 2011 20122008 2013

Release 10

LTE-A

Release 9

Enhancements to LTE

Release 11

LTE-A


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Commercialization Status

31 commercially launched LTE networks (GSA, Aug. 31, 2011)

TeliaSonera: Worlds first commercial LTE network launched in Dec.

2009 in Stockholm and Oslo.

36.1Mbps avg DL, 23ms avg latency in real world measurement (Epitiro )

Verizon Wireless: US commercial LTE network launched in Dec. 2010

in 38 cities and 60 airports.

500,000 subscribers at the end of Q1, 2011

Sold 1.2 million LTE devices during Q2, 2011

NTT DOCOMO: Launched in Dec. 24, 2010 in the Tokyo, Nagoya, & Osaka

areas.

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Key Features: Wider Bandwidth

Demand for higher data rate is leading to

utilization of wider transmission bandwidth.

6

GSM IS-95 UMTS/WCDMA LTE LTE-Advanced

200 kHz 1.25 MHz5 MHz

20 MHz

100 MHz

2log 1 [bits per second]S

C BWN

Signalpower

Noise

power

Channel

bandwidth


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Key Features: Flat IP Architecture

7

NB: NodeB (base station)

RNC: Radio Network Controller

SGSN: Serving GPRS Support Node

GGSN: Gateway GPRS Support Node

RNC RNC

SGSN

GGSN

NB NB NB NB

UTRAN

* 3GPP TS 36.300

eNB

MME

S-GW/P-GW

MME

S-GW/P-GW

S1

X2

E-UTRAN

EPC (Evolved Packet Core)

eNB eNB

eNB

eNB: E-UTRAN NodeB

MME: Mobility Management Entity

S-GW: Serving Gateway

P-GW: PDN (Packet Data Network) Gateway* 3GPP TS 36.300

3G UMTS 4G LTE


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Key Features: MIMO

Multiple Input Multiple Output (MIMO)

Spatial diversity improves signal quality (SNR).

Spatial multiplexing provides parallel spatial streams.

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Transmitter Receiver

MIMO channel


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Key Features

Spectrum flexibility: 1.25 ~ 20 MHz (100 MHz for LTE-A)

Multicarrier-based radio air interface

OFDM/OFDMA and SC-FDMA

Support for both FDD and TDD spectrums

Active interference avoidance and coordination

Peak data rate (theoretical max., TR 25.912)Downlink (DL): 326.4 Mbps (20 MHz, 4x4 MIMO, 64-QAM)

Uplink (UL): 86.4 Mbps (20 MHz, no MIMO, 64-QAM)

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LTE Device Category

10

Category 1 2 3 4 5

Peak rate

(Mbps)

DL 10 50 100 150 300

UL 5 25 50 50 75

Source: 3GPP

RF bandwidth 20 MHz

Modulation

DL QPSK, 16-QAM, 64-QAM

UL QPSK, 16-QAM

QPSK, 16-

QAM, 64-

QAM

2 Rx diversity Assumed in performance requirements.

2x2 MIMO (DL) X O

4x4 MIMO (DL) X O


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LTE-Advanced

Peak data rate (requirement)

More than 1 Gbps DL and 500 Mbps UL

SpectrumUp to 100 MHz bandwidth

Support for non-consecutive bands (spectrum aggregation)

Lower latency

Better interference management

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Enabling Technologies of LTE-A

Release 10 (Completed in Mar. 2011)

Carrier aggregation

Spectrum bonding

Enhanced MIMOHeterogeneous network (HetNet)

Macro-cell + small-cell

Relaying

Release 11 (To be completed in Dec. 2012)Coordinated multi-point (CoMP) transmission and reception

Advanced inter-cell interference coordination (ICIC)

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LTE

Outline

13

Technology

Challenge

Market


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LTE Market Adoption

14

LTE FDD

LTE TDD

(TD-LTE)

TD-SCDMA

EV-DO (3GPP2)UMTS (3GPP)

WiMAX

AT&T, Vodafone

China Mobile

Verizon Wireless

Clearwire, Yota


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Operators

174 LTE network commitments in 64 countries

63 additional pre-commitment operator trials

31 commercially launched LTE networks

91 commercial services by the end of 2012 (estimated)

15

Source: Global mobile Suppliers Association (GSA), Aug. 31, 2011


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Devices

16

63

41

29

10

88 2

Routers

DonglesModules

Notebooks

Smartphones

Tablets

PC cards

161 Commercial LTE Devices

Source: GSA, Jul. 29, 2011


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LTE

Outline

17

Technology

Challenge

Market


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Challenges: Spectrum Fragmentation

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E-UTRAOperating

Band

Uplink (UL) operating bandBS receiveUE transmit

Downlink (DL) operating bandBS transmitUE receive

DuplexMode

FUL_low

FUL_high FDL_low

FDL_high1 1920 MHz 1980 MHz 2110 MHz 2170 MHz FDD

2 1850 MHz 1910 MHz 1930 MHz 1990 MHz FDD3 1710 MHz 1785 MHz 1805 MHz 1880 MHz FDD4 1710 MHz 1755 MHz 2110 MHz 2155 MHz FDD5 824 MHz 849 MHz 869 MHz 894MHz FDD

61

830 MHz 840 MHz 875 MHz 885 MHz FDD7 2500 MHz 2570 MHz 2620 MHz 2690 MHz FDD

8 880 MHz 915 MHz 925 MHz 960 MHz FDD

9 1749.9 MHz 1784.9 MHz 1844.9 MHz 1879.9 MHz FDD10 1710 MHz 1770 MHz 2110 MHz 2170 MHz FDD11 1427.9 MHz 1447.9 MHz 1475.9 MHz 1495.9 MHz FDD12 699 MHz 716 MHz 729 MHz 746 MHz FDD

13 777 MHz 787 MHz 746 MHz 756 MHz FDD14 788 MHz 798 MHz 758 MHz 768 MHz FDD15 Reserved Reserved FDD16 Reserved Reserved FDD

17 704 MHz 716 MHz 734 MHz 746 MHz FDD18 815 MHz 830 MHz 860 MHz 875 MHz FDD19 830 MHz 845 MHz 875 MHz 890 MHz FDD20 832 MHz 862 MHz 791 MHz 821 MHz21 1447.9 MHz 1462.9 MHz 1495.9 MHz 1510.9 MHz FDD23 2000 MHz 2020 MHz 2180 MHz 2200 MHz FDD

24 1626.5 MHz 1660.5 MHz 1525 MHz 1559 MHz FDD25 1850 MHz 1915 MHz 1930 MHz 1995 MHz FDD

...33 1900 MHz 1920 MHz 1900 MHz 1920 MHz TDD34 2010 MHz 2025 MHz 2010 MHz 2025 MHz TDD

35 1850 MHz 1910 MHz 1850 MHz 1910 MHz TDD36 1930 MHz 1990 MHz 1930 MHz 1990 MHz TDD37 1910 MHz 1930 MHz 1910 MHz 1930 MHz TDD38 2570 MHz 2620 MHz 2570 MHz 2620 MHz TDD39 1880 MHz 1920 MHz 1880 MHz 1920 MHz TDD

40 2300 MHz 2400 MHz 2300 MHz 2400 MHz TDD41 2496 MHz 2690 MHz 2496 MHz 2690 MHz TDD

42 3400 MHz 3600 MHz 3400 MHz 3600 MHz TDD43 3600 MHz 3800 MHz 3600 MHz 3800 MHz TDD

Note 1: Band 6 is not applicable.Source: TS 36.104

> 30 !!!


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19

Spectrum band

(MHz)

North

America

Latin

America

Asia

Pacific

Western

Europe

Eastern

EuropeAfrica

Middle

East

700+1800

Popular LTE Band Combinations by Region(Ideally)


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20Source: Informa Telecoms & Media

Spectrum band

(MHz)

North

America

Latin

America

Asia

Pacific

Western

Europe

Eastern

EuropeAfrica

Middle

East

700+1800

700+2100

700+2600

800+1800

800+2600

800+1800+2600

900+18001800+2600

2100+2600

2300+2600

Popular LTE Band Combinations by Region


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Challenges: Legacy Voice

1G ~ 3G: Circuit-switched (CS) voice

LTE: Packet-based

How do you deal with CS voice in LTE?

VoLTE (Voice over LTE) using IMS (IP Multimedia Subsystem)

CS Fallback: Fall back to 2G/3G for CS voice

Dual radio: CS voice + packet data simultaneouslyOTT (Over-The-Top) VoIP: Skype, etc.

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Challenges: Competition from HSPA

HSPA

Mature technology

CS Voice & packet data

Up to 42 Mbps using dual-carrier & 64-QAM

With MIMO and multi-carrier, can achieve peak rate comparable to LTE.

Nokia Siemens Demos HSPA at 336Mbps - PC World, Sep. 27, 2011

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Challenges

Advanced network topology

HetNet, CoMP, & Relay

Interference management

Killer app

Innovative billing

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Summary

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LTE is h--------------------ere.

There are many challenges.

We will see widely different deployment strategies.


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Questions? Thank you!

New York, 2011.10.07

Dr. Hyung G. Myung,

Documents

LTE: Technology & Market