ltebyaziz-1262502523566-phpapp01

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PRESENTATION

NAME : AZIZ ZOAIB

TOPIC: FROM 1G TO 4G (ROADMAP)



TOPICS

• 3GPP Evolution• Motivation• LTE performance requirements• Key Features of LTE• LTE Network rc!itecture• "ystem rc!itecture Evolution #"E$• Evolve% Packet &ore #EP&$• 'F(M• "&)F(M• Multiple ntenna Tec!niques

• "ervices• &onclusions• LTE vs *iM+• ,eferences



Abstract

T!e 3GPP Lon- Term Evolution #LTE$ represents a ma.or a%vancein cellular tec!nolo-y/ LTE is %esi-ne% to meet carrier nee%s for!i-!)spee% %ata an% me%ia transport as well as !i-!)capacityvoice support well into t!e ne0t %eca%e/ LTE is well positione% tomeet t!e requirements of ne0t)-eneration mo1ile networks/ 2t willena1le operators to offer !i-! performance mass)market mo1ile1roa%1an% services t!rou-! a com1ination of !i-! 1it)rates an%system t!rou-!put 4 in 1ot! t!e uplink an% %ownlink 4 wit! lowlatency/

LTE infrastructure is %esi-ne% to 1e as simple as possi1le to%eploy an% operate t!rou-! fle0i1le tec!nolo-y t!at can 1e

%eploye% in a wi%e variety of frequency 1an%s/ LTE offers scala1le1an%wi%t!s from less t!an 5M67 up to 89M67 to-et!er wit!support for 1ot! F(( paire% an% T(( unpaire% spectrum/ T!eLTE4"E arc!itecture re%uces t!e num1er of no%es supportsfle0i1le network confi-urations an% provi%es a !i-! level of serviceavaila1ility/ Furt!ermore LTE4"E will interoperate wit! G"M*&(M:6"P T()"&(M an% &(M/



3GPP EVOLUTION



Mobile Broadband tecnolo!ies are

E"er!in!



Co"#arison

2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 or later

LTE

DL: ~384K!"

#L: ~384K!"

DL: ~14$4M!"

#L: ~5$76M!"

DL: ~42M!"

#L: ~11M!"

DL: ~141M!"

#L: ~50M!"

%&PA'~100

ms

~70ms

~45

ms

~15m

s

3()*CDMA

%&PA

I+,rea"-+. /a+-t De,rea"-+. Late+,

I+,rea"-+. /a+-t De,rea"-+. Late+,



Co"#arison



Introd$ction

• LTE is t!e latest stan%ar% in t!e mo1ile network tec!nolo-y treet!at previously reali7e% t!e G"M:E(GE an% ;MT":6"0P networktec!nolo-ies t!at now account for over <5= of all mo1ilesu1scri1ers/ LTE will ensure 3GPP>s competitive e%-e over ot!ercellular tec!nolo-ies/

Goals include

"i-nificantly increase peak %ata rates scale% linearly accor%in- tospectrum allocation

improvin- spectral efficiency lowerin- costs improvin- services makin- use of new spectrum opportunities 2mprove% quality of service 1etter inte-ration wit! ot!er open stan%ar%s



,elease ?? #8999$@ ;MT":*&(M

,elease 5 #8998$ @ 6"(P

,elease A #8995$ @ 6";P MBM"#Multime%iaBroa%cast:Multicast "ervices$

,elease C #899C$ @ (L M2M' 2M" #2P Multime%ia "u1system$optimi7e% real)time services #Do2P -amin- pus!)to)talk$/

,elease <#899?$ @LTE #Lon- Term Evolution$



Moti%ation

Need for higher data rates and greater spectral efficiency &an 1e ac!ieve% wit! 6"(P:6";P an%:or new air interface %efine% 1y 3GPP LTE

Need for Packet Switched optimized system

Evolve ;MT" towar%s packet only system

Need for high quality of services ;se of license% frequencies to -uarantee quality of services lways)on e0perience #re%uce control plane latency

si-nificantly$ ,e%uce roun% trip %elay

Need for cheaper infrastructure "implify arc!itecture re%uce num1er of network elements



LTE Per&or"ance re'$ire"ents

Data Rate:• 2nstantaneous %ownlink peak %ata rate of 99M1it:s in a 89M67

%ownlink spectrum #i/e/ 5 1it:s:67$• 2nstantaneous uplink peak %ata rate of 59M1it:s in a 89M67 uplink

spectrum #i/e/ 8/5 1it:s:67$

ell range• 5 km ) optimal si7e• 39km si7es wit! reasona1le performance• up to 99 km cell si7es supporte% wit! accepta1le performance

ell capacity• up to 899 active users per cell#5 M67$ #i/e/ 899 active %ata

clients$



!o"ility• 'ptimi7e% for low mo1ility#9)5km:!$ 1ut supports !i-! spee%

#atency• user plane 5ms• control plane 59 ms

2mprove% spectrum efficiency &ost)effective mi-ration from ,elease A ;niversal Terrestrial ,a%io

ccess #;T,$ ra%io interface an% arc!itecture 2mprove% 1roa%castin- 2P)optimi7e%

"cala1le 1an%wi%t! of 89M67 5M67 9M67 5M67 an% 5M67 &o)e0istence wit! le-acy stan%ar%s #users can transparently start

a call or transfer of %ata in an area usin- an LTE stan%ar% an%w!en t!ere is no covera-e continue t!e operation wit!out anyaction on t!eir part usin- G"M:GP," or *)&(M)1ase% ;MT"$



(e) *eat$res o& LTE

• !ultiple access scheme

(ownlink@ 'F(M ;plink@ "in-le &arrier F(M #"&)F(M$

• $daptive modulation and coding

(L mo%ulations@ HP"K AHM an% AIHM ;L mo%ulations@ HP"K an% AHM

• Ban%wi%t! scala1ility for efficient operation in %ifferently si7e%

allocate% spectrum 1an%s Multiple ntenna #M2M'$ tec!nolo-y for en!ance% %ata rate an%

performance/ "upport for 1ot! F(( an% T((



LTE Net+or, Arcitect$re



S)ste" Arcitect$re E%ol$tion-SAE.

System $rchitecture %volution #"E$ is t!e core networkarc!itecture of 3GPPJs future LTE wireless communicationstan%ar%/

• "E is t!e evolution of t!e GP," &ore Network wit! some%ifferences/

&he main principles and o"'ectives of the #&%(S$%architecture include : common anc!or point an% -ateway #G*$ no%e for all access

tec!nolo-ies 2P)1ase% protocols on all interfaces "implifie% network arc!itecture ll 2P network ll services are via Packet "witc!e% %omain "upport mo1ility 1etween !etero-eneous ,Ts inclu%in- le-acy

systems as GP," 1ut also non)3GPP systems #say *iM+$



SAE



E%ol%ed Pac,et Core-EPC.

!!% )!o"ility !anagement %ntity*:

• )Mana-es an% stores t!e ;E control plane conte0t -eneratestemporary 2% provi%es ;E aut!entication aut!ori7ation mo1ilitymana-ement

+P% )+ser Plane %ntity*:• )Mana-es an% stores ;E conte0t cip!erin- mo1ility anc!or

packet routin- an% forwar%in- initiation of pa-in-

,GPP anchor:

• )Mo1ility anc!or 1etween 8G:3G an% LTE

S$% anchor:

• )Mo1ility anc!or 1etween 3GPP an% non 3GPP #2)*LN etc$



O*/M

• LTE uses 'F(M for t!e %ownlink 4 t!at is from t!e 1ase station to t!e

terminal/ 'F(M meets t!e LTE requirement for spectrum fle0i1ility an% ena1lescost)efficient solutions for very wi%e carriers wit! !i-! peak rates/ 'F(M usesa lar-e num1er of narrow su1)carriers for multi)carrier transmission/

• T!e 1asic LTE %ownlink p!ysical resource can 1e seen as a time)frequency -ri%/2n t!e frequency %omain t!e spacin- 1etween t!e su1carriers f is 5k67/ 2na%%ition t!e 'F(M sym1ol %uration time is :f cyclic prefi0/ T!e cyclicprefi0 is use% to maintain ort!o-onality 1etween t!e su1)carriers even for atime)%ispersive ra%io c!annel/

• 'ne resource element carries HP"K AHM or AIHM/ *it! AIHM eac!resource element carries si0 1its/

• T!e 'F(M sym1ols are -roupe% into resource 1locks/ T!e resource 1locks !avea total si7e of <9k67 in t!e frequency %omain an% 9/5ms in t!e time %omain/

Eac! ms Transmission Time 2nterval #TT2$ consists of two slots #Tslot$/

• 2n E);T, %ownlink mo%ulation sc!emes HP"K AHM an% AIHM areavaila1le/



SC0*/MA

• T!e LTE uplink transmission sc!eme for F(( an% T(( mo%e is 1ase%on "&)F(M #"in-le &arrier Frequency (ivision Multiple ccess$/

• T!is is to compensate for a %raw1ack wit! normal 'F(M w!ic! !asa very !i-! Peak to vera-e Power ,atio #PP,$/ 6i-! PP, requirese0pensive an% inefficient power amplifiers wit! !i-! requirements on

linearity w!ic! increases t!e cost of t!e terminal an% also %rains t!e1attery faster/

• "&)F(M solves t!is pro1lem 1y -roupin- to-et!er t!e resource1locks in suc! a way t!at re%uces t!e nee% for linearity an% sopower consumption in t!e power amplifier/ low PP, alsoimproves covera-e an% t!e cell)e%-e performance/

• "till "&)F(M si-nal processin- !as some similarities wit! 'F(Msi-nal processin- so parameteri7ation of %ownlink an% uplink can 1e!armoni7e%/



Trans#ort cannel

Downlink transport channels are:

• Broa%cast &!annel #B&6$

• (ownlink "!are% &!annel #(L)"&6$

• Pa-in- &!annel #P&6$

• Multicast &!annel #M&6$

+plink transport channels are:

• ;plink "!are% &!annel #;L)"&6$

• ,an%om ccess &!annel #,&6$



Lo!ical Cannels

ontrol channels are:

• Broa%cast &ontrol &!annel #B&&6$

• Pa-in- &ontrol &!annel #P&&6$

• &ommon &ontrol &!annel #&&&6$

• Multicast &ontrol &!annel #M&&6$• (e%icate% &ontrol &!annel #(&&6$

&raffic channels are:

• (e%icate% Traffic &!annel #(T&6$

• Multicast Traffic &!annel #MT&6$



M$lti#le Antenna Tecni'$es

• M2M' employs multiple transmit an% receive antennas tosu1stantially en!ance t!e air interface/

• 2t uses spacetime co%in- of t!e same %ata stream mappe% ontomultiple transmit antennas w!ic! is an improvement overtra%itional reception %iversity sc!emes w!ere only a sin-letransmit antenna is %eploye% to e0ten% t!e covera-e of t!e cell/

• M2M' processin- also e0ploits spatial multiple0in- allowin-%ifferent %ata streams to 1e transmitte% simultaneously from t!e%ifferent transmit antennas to increase t!e en%)user %ata ratean% cell capacity/

• 2n a%%ition w!en knowle%-e of t!e ra%io c!annel is availa1le att!e transmitter #e/-/ via fee%1ack information from t!e receiver$M2M' can also implement 1eam)formin- to furt!er increaseavaila1le %ata rates an% spectrum efficiency



"in-le %ata stream : user

-eam(forming

&overa-e lon-er 1attery life

Spatial Division !ultiple $ccess )SD!$*

Multiple users in same ra%io resource

!ultiple data stream . user Diversity Link ro1ustness

Spatial multiple/ing

"pectral efficiency !i-! %ata rate support



LTE1SAE Tecnolo!) Li&e C)cle

2006 2007 2009 2010 20152008

I+-t-al "t

,o!lete

&ta+ar a-e

to e -+al-e

Tr-al "tart

Coer,-al

e!loe+t "tart

ea

Ma"" e!loe+t

&ta+ar a-e

to e eelo!e

So$rce2 3GPP UMTS0*or$"



LTE %s 4iMA5• First 1ot! are IG tec!nolo-ies %esi-ne% to move %ata rat!er t!an voice an% 1ot!

are 2P networks 1ase% on 'F(M tec!nolo-y/

• *iMa0 is 1ase% on a 2EEE stan%ar% #<98/A$ an% like t!at ot!er popular 2EEE effort*i)Fi it>s an open stan%ar% t!at was %e1ate% 1y a lar-e community of en-ineers1efore -ettin- ratifie%/ 2n fact we>re still waitin- on t!e <98/Am stan%ar% for fastermo1ile *iMa0 to 1e ratifie%/ T!e level of openness means *iMa0 equipment isstan%ar% an% t!erefore c!eaper to 1uy sometimes !alf t!e cost an% sometimeseven less/ (epen%in- on t!e spectrum allote% for *iMa0 %eployments an% !ow t!enetwork is confi-ure% t!is can mean a *iMa0 network is c!eaper to 1uil%/

• s for spee%s LTE will 1e faster t!an t!e current -eneration of *iMa0 1ut <98/Amt!at s!oul% 1e ratifie% in 899? is fairly similar in spee%s/

• 6owever LTE will take time to roll out wit! %eployments reac!in- mass a%option 1y898 / *iMa0 is out now an% more networks s!oul% 1e availa1le later t!is year/

• T!e crucial %ifference is t!at unlike *iM+ w!ic! requires a new network to 1e1uilt LTE runs on an evolution of t!e e0istin- ;MT" infrastructure alrea%y use% 1yover <9 per cent of mo1ile su1scri1ers -lo1ally/ T!is means t!at even t!ou-!%evelopment an% %eployment of t!e LTE stan%ar% may la- Mo1ile *iM+ it !as acrucial incum1ent a%vanta-e/



Concl$sion

• LTE is a !i-!ly optimi7e% spectrally efficient mo1ile 'F(Msolution 1uilt from t!e -roun% up for mo1ility an% it allowsoperators to offer a%vance% services an% !i-!er performance fornew an% wi%er 1an%wi%t!s/

• LTE is 1ase% on a flattene% 2P)1ase% network arc!itecture t!atimproves network latency an% is %esi-ne% to interoperate on an%ensure service continuity wit! e0istin- 3GPP networks/ LTElevera-es t!e 1enefits of e0istin- 3G tec!nolo-ies an% en!ancest!em furt!er wit! a%%itional antenna tec!niques suc! as !i-!er)or%er M2M'/



Re&erences

• !ttp@::www/3-pp/or-:

• 3GPP T, 85/?3/ ,equirements for Evolve% ;T, #E);T,$ an% Evolve% ;T,N #E);T,N$/

• Towar%s IG 2P)1ase% *ireless "ystemsTony 'ttosson n%ers !len8 nnaBrunstrom Mikael "terna% an% rne "vensson!ttp@::%1/s8/c!almers/se:%ownloa%:pu1lications:ottossonO99C/p%f

• 6/ Ekstrm et al/ QTec!nical "olutions for t!e 3G Lon-)Term EvolutionR 2EEE&ommunication/ Ma-/ vol/ II no/ 3 Marc! 899A pp/ 3<4I5

• !ttp@::www/ericsson/com:tec!nolo-y:researc!Opapers:wirelessOaccess:%oc:t!eO3-Olon-OtermOevolutionOra%ioOinterface/p%f

• Mo1ile Network Evolution @From 3G 'nwar%s

!ttp@::www/alcatel)lucent/com:%octypes:articlepaperli1rary:p%f:T,8993HI:T938)Mo1ile)Evolution)EN/p%f

• *!ite Paper 1y N',TEL )Lon-)Term Evolution #LTE$@ T!e vision 1eyon% 3G !ttp@::www/nortel/com:solutions:wireless:collateral:nnI<<8/p%f

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