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M1468705EVM I::valuation Module User's Manual M1468705EVM/Dl PEOPLE

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Page 1: M1468705EVM I::valuation Module User's Manual...Printer port Cassette port Operating temperature Power requirements Module Programner Dimensions Width x height Board thickness 112

M1468705EVM I::valuation Module

User's Manual

M1468705EVM/Dl

QU<~LITY • PEOPLE • iPERFOR~JlA)NCE

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M1468705EVM/Dl

DECEMBER 1983

M1468705EVM

KVALUATION MODULE

USER I S MANUAL

The information in this document has been carefully checked and is believed to be entirely reliable. However, no responsibility is assumed for inaccuracies. Furthermore, Motorola reserves the right to make changes to any products herein to improve reliability, function, or design. Motorola does not assume any liability arising out of the application or use of any product or circuit described herein; neither does it convey any license under its patent rights or the rights of others.

The canputer program stored in the Read Only Manory of this device contains material copyrighted by Motorola Inc., first published 1983, am may' be used only under a license such as the License For Computer Programs (Article 14) contained in Motorola! s Terms arrl Comi tions of Sale, Rev. 1/79.

EXORbus and EXORciser are trademarks of Motorola Inc.

First Eilition

Copyright 1983 by Motorola Inc.

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PREFACE

Unless otherwise specified, all address references are in hexadecimal throughout this manual.

An asterisk (*) following the signal name for signals which are level significant denotes that the signal is true or valid when the signal is low.

hI asterisk (*) followir~ the signal naTte for signals which are edge significant denotes that the actions initiated by that signal occur on a high to low transition.

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CHAPTER 1

1.1 1.2 1.3 1.4

CHAPTER 2

2.1 2.2 2.3 2.3.1 2.3.2 2.3.3

2.3.4 2.3.S 2.3.6

2.3.7 2.3.8 2.3.9 2 .. 4 2.4.1 2.4.2 2.4.3 2.4.4 2.4.S

CHAPTER 3

3.1 3.2 3.2.1 3.2.2 3.3 3.3.1 3.3.2 3.4 3.4.1 3.S 3.6 3.6.1 3.6.2 3.6.3 3.6.4 3.6.S

TABLE OF CONTENTS

GENERAL INFORMATION

INTROOOCTION •••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••• FEATURES •••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••• SPECIFICATIONS •••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••• GENERAL DESCRIPTION •••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••

HARDWARE PREPARATION AND INSTALLATION INSTRUCTIONS

INmODUC'rION •••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••• UNPACKING INSmUCTIONS •••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••• HARDWARE PREPARATION ••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••

I/O Connector "(Jl) .................................... Audio Cassette Playback Phase Select Header (J2) •••••• HOST Port (J4) CTS and DCD Signal Enable Headers

(JS, J18) User Map 2K or 8K Select Header (J8) •••••••••••••••••• Write Protect Disable Header (JlO) •••••••••••••••••••• TERMINAL Port and HOST Port Baud Rate Select Headers (Jll, J12)

On-Board or External Clock Select (JI3) ••••••••••••••• External Clock Connection (J14) ••••••••••••••••••••••• EPROM programming Select Headers (JIS, J16, J17) ••••••

INSTALL..A.TION INSTRUcrIONS ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ " " " " "" " " " " " " " " " Power Supply Installation ••••••••••••••••••••••••••••• Terminal Installation ••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••• Host Computer (Modem) Installation •••••••••••••••••••• Printer Installation •••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••• Audio cassette Player Installation ••••••••••••••••••••

OPERATING INSTRUCTIONS

INTRODUC'rION SWI'ICHES .AND INDICATORS •••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••

Swi tches •••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••• Indicators ••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••

.MEMORY MAP CONCEPI' •••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••• l\t)ni to r lvlap ••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••• User Map ••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••

AA.P SWI'ICHES •••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••• Program Execution •••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••

LIMITATIONS ••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••• OPERATI'NG PROC:EDURE •••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••

System Initialization •••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••• System Operation ••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••• CoInInaoo Li ne Fo rIT\a t •••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••• Primitive Commands ••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••• Assembler/Disassembler (Interactive)

i

1-1 1-1 1-1 1-4

2-1 2-1 2-1 2-3 2-4

2-4 2-S 2-S

2-6 2-6 2-7 2-7 2-7 2-9 2-9 2-11 2-12 2-12

3-1 3-1 3-1 3-2 3-2 3-2 3-2 3-4 3-4 3-4 3-S 3-S 3-6 3-6 3-7 3-8

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CHAPTER 3

3.6.6 3.6.7 3.6.8 3.6.9 3.6.10 3.6.11 3.6.12 3.6.13 3.6.14 3.6.15 3.6.16 3.6.17 3.6.18 3.6.19 3.6.20 3.6.21 3.7 3.8

CHAPTER 4

4.1 4.2 4.2.1 4.2.2 4.2.3 4.2.4 4.2.5

CHAPTER 5

5.1 5.2 5.2.1 5.2.2 5.2.3 5.3 5.4

APPENDIX A

TABLE OF CONTENTS (cont' d)

OPERATIN3 INSTRUCTlOOS (cont' d)

Block Fill Memory with Data •••••••••••••••••••••••••• Breakpoint Set/Breakpoint Remove ••••••••••••••••••••• Go (Execute program) ................................. Download Memory (8-Records) from Host File ••••••••••• Memory Display ••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••• Memory Modify (Interactive) •••••••••••••••••••••••••• Proceed (from Breakpoint) •••••••••••••••••••••••••••• Printer Attach/Printer Detach •••••••••••••••••••••••• Program EPROM •••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••• Register Display ••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••• Read EPROM Contents •••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••• Register Modify (Interactive) ........................ Trace •••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••• Transparent Mode ••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••• Dump Memory to cassette Tape ••••••••••••••••••••••••• Load Memory from Cassette Tape •••••••••••••••••••••••

PRCX:;RAr-1M.I~ THE EPRC>f'.1 •••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••• READIN3 THE EPROM CONTENTS •••••••••••••••••••••••••••••

FUNCTIONAL DESCRIPTION

INTRODUCTION ••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••• BLOCK DIAGRAM DESCRIPTlOO ••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••

Decode and Map SWitch Logic •••••••••••••••••••••••••• t-bni tor I/O •••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••• User Map Area •••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••• User I/O Ports ••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••• EPROM Programmer and Reader ••••••••••••••••••••••••••

SUPPORT INFORMATION

INTRoDucrr rn •••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••• e ••

INTERCONNECT SIGNALS ••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••• Terminal Port J3 Interconnect Signals •••••••••••••••• Host Port J4 Interconnect Signals •••••••••••••••••••• Printer Port J9 Interconnect Signals •••••••••••••••••

PARTS LIST ••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••• SQi.E'JV1A.TIC DIAGRAM ••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••

S-RECORD OUTPUT FORMAT •••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••

ii

3-9 3-10 3-11 3-12 3-13 3-14 3-15 3-16 3-17 3-18 3-19 3-20 3-21 3-22 3-23 3-24 3-25 3-26

4-1 4-1 4-1 4-2 4-3 4-3 4-3

5-1 5-1 5-1 5-2 5-2 5-4 5-7

A-I

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FIGURE 1-1. 2-1. 2-2. 2-3. 2-4. 2-5. 2-6. 2-7.

2-8. 2-9. 2-10. 2-11. 2-12. 2-13. 2-14. 2-15. 3-1. 3-2. 3-3. 4-1. 5-1. 5-2 ..

TABLE 1-1. 3-1. 5-1. 5-2. 5-3. 5-4.

LIST OF ILLUSTRATIONS

'I'y'pical EVM l'I1odule •••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••• {)J?tion I.ocations •••••••••••••••••• e •••••••••••••••••••••

I/O Connector (Jl) •••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••• Audio cassette Playback phase Select (J2) ••••••••••••••• HOST port (J4) CTS and DCD Signal Enable Headers (J5,J18) User Map 2K or 8K Select Header (J8) ••••••••••••••••••• Write Protect Disable Header (JIO) •••••••••••••••••••••• TERMINAL Port and HOST Port Baud Rate Select

Headers (Jll, J12) ••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••• On-Board or External Clock Select (J13) ••••••••••••••••• External Clock Connection (J14) ••••••••••••••••••••••••• EPROM programming Select Headers (J15, J16, J17) •••••••• System Configuration •••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••• Power Supply Installation ••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••• Terminal cable Details •••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••• Host cable Signal Line Connections •••••••••••••••••••••• Printer cable Interconnection Diagram ••••••••••••••••••• EVM MeIoo ry Map •••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••• Dump Program Flow ••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••• Dump program Listing •••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••• EVM Module Block Diagram •••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••• EVM l'I1odule parts I.ocation ••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••• EVM Module SChematic Diagram (7 Sheets) ................................ ..

LIST OF TABLES

Evaluation Module Specifications •••••••••••••••••••••••• l'I1onitor primitive Commands •••••••••••••••••••••••••••••• Terminal Port J3 Interconnect Signals ••••••••••••••••••• Host Port J4 Interconnect Signals ••••••••••••••••••••••• Printer Port J9 Interconnect Signals •••••••••••••••••••• EVM Module Parts List •••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••

iii/iv

1-2 2-2 2-3 2-4 2-4 2-5 2-5

2-6 2-6 2-7 2-7 2-9 2-9 2-10 2-11 2-13 3-3 3-26 3-28 4-4 5-8 5-9

1-3 3-7 5-1 5-2 5-3 5-4

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Page 8: M1468705EVM I::valuation Module User's Manual...Printer port Cassette port Operating temperature Power requirements Module Programner Dimensions Width x height Board thickness 112

CHAPTER 1

GENERAL INFORMATION

1.1 I NTRODUcr I ON

'Ibis manual provides general information, hardware preparation, prograrrming considerations, and functional description for the Ml468705EVM Module, hereinafter called the EVM. A typical EVM is shown in Figure 1-1.

1.2 FEA'IURES

The features of the EVM include:

• Economical means of evaluation for the MC1468705 MCU's

• Requires only power supply and terminal for operation

• Monitor/debugger

• One line assembler/disassembler

• Cassette download/upload

• Host download

• printer port

• Dual memory maps: 4K ROM - monitor map 4K RAM - user map

• Progranmer for on-chip EPROM

• User ~CU I/O available

• Power-on reset

• User reset/abort switches

• External clock input

• Wire-wrap area

1.3 SPECIFICATIONS

The EVM specifications are identified in Table 1-1.

1-1

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1-' I

N ~ ...... n IlJ 1-'

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TABLE 1-1. Evaluation Module Specifications

CHARACTERISTICS SPECIFICATIONS

Microcomputer Simulates MC1468705 MCU operation

Clock signal Crystal controlled 4.0 MHz or external clock

Bus frequency 1.0 MHz or external frequency divided-by-four

Meroory size

Pseudo ROM

Interrupts

Four vectored

User input/output signals

Ports A, B, D

Port C

Monitor input/output signals

Terminal port

Host port

Printer port

Cassette port

Operating temperature

Power requirements

Module

Programner

Dimensions

Width x height

Board thickness

112 bytes

3968 bytes

External, timer, timer in wait state, and software

TTL voltage compatible input/output

CMOS-compatible input/output

RS-232 (RxD and TxD only)

RS-232 (RxD and TxD only)

Parallel Centronics interface

Audio cassette interface

00 to 550 C

+5 Vdc at 1.0 A (max)

+12 Vdc at 0.1 A (max)

-18 Vdc at 50 rnA (max)

14.50 x 9.75 in. (36.83 x 24.76 em)

1.20 in. (3.05 em)

1-3

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1.4 GENERAL DESCRIPTION

The EVM provides a tool for generating, eXeCU1:1ng, am debugging MCU code. By providing all of the essential timing and I/O circuitry, the EVM simplifies user evaluation of the MCU ..

Operation of an MC1468705 MCU is simulated by the resident MC146805G2 MCU. Data transfer within the EVM is controlled by the monitor RCM firmware. In turn, this ROM is controlled from an RS-232C compatible user-supplied terminal. User object code may be generated using the resident one-line assembler/ disassembler, or may be downloaded to the user program RAM through the host port or cassette port. User object code may then be executed using various debug commands in the monitor. Code may also be executed from reset using the USER RESET switch. MCU EPRa1 is simulated by write-protecting user program RAM during program execution.

Simulated MCU parallel I/O ports are available for external connection. These lines are also used to control the MC1468705 on-chip EPRCM prograrrmer. The EPROM is programned am verified by inserting the MC1468705 device into the correct socket and entering a monitor comnand. The object code in the user program RAM is programned into the MCU EPRG1.

Prograrrming is different for each MCU. The monitor firrrware PR<M must be changed by the user, depending on which MOJ is to be programned. A jumper select option allows either the on-board clock or a user-supplied external clock to be used. A printer port is provided which is Centronics-compatible. User circuitry may be added on the wire-wrap area of the module.

Optional kits of firrrware and software are available for operation of the EVM wi th an EXORset host. The Motorola part numbers for the kits are M68EVMSETG2 aoo M68EVMSETF2.

1-4

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CHAPTER 2

HARIMARE PREPARATIoo AND INSTALIATIoo INSTRUerIooS

2.1 INTRODUcrIoo

'!his chapter provides unpacking, hardware preparation, and installation instructions for the EVM.

2.2 UNPACKIN:i INSTRUcrIooS

NOTE

If shipping carton is da~aged upon receipt, request carrier's agent be present during unpacking/inspection of equipnent.

CAUTION

AVOID TOUCHING AREAS OF CMOS CIRCUITRY; STATIC DISCHARGE CAN DAMAGE INTEGRATED CIRCUITS.

Unpack equipment from shipping carton. Refer to packing list and verify that all items are present. Save packing material for storing or reshipping the equipnent.

2 .3 HARIl'UffiE PREPARATION

Figure 2-1 illustrates the location of the switches, LED indicators, sockets, power connections, and headers on the EVM. The module is shipped with factory­installed jumper configurations. '!he EVM is operational (except prograrrming) wi th the factory-installed jumpers. It is necessary to make changes in the jumper arrangements for the following conditions:

a. I/O connector (Jl)

b. Audio cassette playback phase select (J2)

c. HOST port ers and DCD signal enable (JS, J18)

d. User map 2K or 8K select (J8)

e. TERMINAL port and HOST port baud rate select (Jll, J12)

f. write protect disable for user memory (JIO)

g. On-board or external clock select (J13)

h. External clock connection (JI4)

i. EPROM programming select (JIS, J16, J17)

2-1

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f'..) I

~.)

J ---'IY DIID

",

0 •

:0 ;0

@ MOTOROLA INC.

u "t HOif

MAP'

"1 ,

:0 " I

, ,noo

0,

' noo o SOD 100

HOD 200 DO -

'III '.01

2tO. '200

DO '00

15 'ID 15 '0

II

EIT ell

!o "'4

~, MAS lEa ann

II

". 'AIN'tR

1-------------MJ UA WIt

""00" UII WtllFJ

'D'a IUI7

,..00 AOO

XUSI

c,

II ••

..

'n"" .u,aOD

i~ DFf~

O _SWOLl

©,g'!I L-_____________ I -------.~u

••

'eJ:-~ .,,~

FIGURE 2-1. Option Locations

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2.3.1 I/O Connector (Jl)

The I/O connector may be used as a convenient means of connecting user circuitry to MC1468705 interrupt and timer inputs and port C I/O. The I/O connector also connects to the simulated user I/O port A, port B, am port D. Signal names shown in Figure 2-2 are the MC1468705 equivalent.

J1

PAO In2 PAl

PA2 3 0 0 4 PA3

PA4 5 0 0 6 PA5

PA6 7 0 0 8 PA7

PBO 9 0 0 10 PBl

PB2 11 0 0 12 PB3

PB4 13 0 0 14 PB5

PB6 15 0 0 16 PB7

NC 19n2O IRQ TMR 21 0 0 22 NC

I ,

PCO 25 0 0 26 PCl PC2 27 0 0 28 PC3

PC4 29 0 0 30 PC5

PC6 31 0 0 32 PCl

POO 33 0 0 .... II

PDi J'f

P02 35 0 0 36 P03 P04 37 0 0 38 P05 P06 39 0 0 40 POl

FIGURE 2-2. I/O Connector (Jl)

2-3

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2.3.2 Audio Cassette Playback Phase Select Header (J2)

Some audio tape cassette recorders invert the recorded signal. Header J2 allows the signal to be inverted to a compatible phase for the EVM. The EVM is factory-configured with the jumper positioned between pins I and 2 for a non­inverted playback signal (see Figure 2-3). For a recorder with an inverted playback signal, position the jumper between pins 2 and 3.

PH J2

:rn FIGURE 2-3. Audio Cassette Playback Phase Select (J2)

2.3.3 HOST Port (J4) CTS and DCD Signal Enable Headers (J5, JI8)

The EVM is shipped with the HOST port (J4) CTS and DCD input signals held high, and with the jumpers on header J5 and JI8 positioned between pins I and 2 (see Figure 2-4). Should the host computer or modem have full handshake capability, the jumpers may be positioned between pins 2 and 3 on headers J5 and JIB.

J5 J18

:rn :rn

FIGURE 2-4. HOST port (J4) CTS and DCD Signal Enable Headers (J5, JIB)

2-4

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2.3.4 User Map 2K or 8K Select Header (J8)

Header J8 allows the user to select between a 2K user map for evaluating an MC1468705F2 and an 8K user map for evaluating an MC1468705G2. The EVM is factory-configured in the 8K mode with the jumper between pins I and 2 (see Figure 2-5).

MAP J8

:: m : FIGURE 2-5. User Map 2K or 8K Select Header (J8)

2.3.5 Write Protect Disable Header (JIO)

The EVM is shipped with the jumper between pins I and 2 (see Figure 2-6), which wri te protects the user program space 080-FFF during user program execution (pseudo R~). To disable the write protect function, move the jumper to between pins 2 and 3.

J10

:rn FIGURE 2-6. Write Protect Disable Header (JIO)

2-5

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2.3.6 TERMINAL Port and HOST Port Baud Rate Select Headers (Jll, J12)

Headers Jll and J12 are provided to allow the baud rates to be set for compatibili ty with the user terminal and host computer. The EVM is factory­configured with the jumpers positioned for 9600 baud rate operation (see Figure 2-7). For other baud rate operation, refer to Figure 2-7.

In the transparent mode, which allows direct comnunications between the terminal aoo the host, the host computer baud rate should be set one increment lower than the terminal (e.g., terminal 2400 = host 1200). If both baud rates are the same, a character may be lost occasionally by the terminal. Ibwnload is not affected by equal baud rates on the host and terminal.

TERMINAL BAUD HOST BAUD RATE RATE Jll J12

1 0 0 19200 1 0 0 19200 0-0 9600 0--0 9600 0 0 4800 0 0 4800 0 0 2400 0 0 2400 0 0 1200 0 0 1200

,.."" 600 lj ouu lj o 0 300 o 0 300 15 0 0 110 15 o 0 110

FIGURE 2-7. TERMINAL Port and HOST Port Baud Rate Select Headers (Jll, J12)

2.3.7 On-Board or External Clock Select (JI3)

The on-board clock source is a 4 MHz crystal. The EVM is factory-configured for 4 MHz operation with the jumper positioned between pins 2 and 3 (4 MHZ) on header J13 (see Figure 2-8). Should the user wish to use a user-supplied external clock, the jumper should be positioned between pins 1 and 2 (EXT). The EXT position is used in conjunction with header J14.

E J13

;m 1

3

Z

FIGUHE 2-8.. CD-Board or External Clock Select (J13)

2=6

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2.3.8 External Clock Connection (JI4)

A two-pin header is provided for connection of an external TTL compatible clock (see Figure 2-9). Header pin 2 is ground (GND).

EXT elK

~~ J14

FIGURE 2-9. External Clock Connection (JI4)

2.3.9 EPROM programming Select Headers (JIS, J16, J17)

The EVM is designed to program the MC146870SG2 and MC146870SF2. Headers are provided to connect the three control lines needed to handshake with the MC1468705 during programming. These three lines are also user port D lines (PDQ, PDl, PD3 on Jl). Jumpers positioned between pins 1 and 2 on headers JIS-J17 disconnect the loading effect of the programmer from user I/O port D. The EVM is shipped with the four jumpers in the disconnected position (see Figure 2-10). Refer to Chapter 3 for programming information.

ji5 jj 6 J17

:rn :rn :rn PROG PROG PROG

FIGURE 2-10. EPROM programming Select Headers (JIS, J16, J17)

2.4 INSTALLATION INSTRUCTIONS

The EVM is a stand-alone system which is designed for table-top operation. A user-supplied power supply is required for operation and programning. A user­supplied terminal is required for entering and changing data. A host computer (e.g., EXORciser), a printer, and/or an audio cassette may be connected, but are not required for normal operation (see Figure 2-11).

2-7

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TERMINAL

POWER SUPPL Y

M1468705EVM

FIGURE 2-11. System Configurations

2-8

AUDIO CASSETTE RECORDER

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2.4.1 Power Supply Installation

The EVM requires +5 Vdc @ 1 A, +12 Vdc @ 0.1 A, -12 Vdc @ 0.1 A for operation, and -18 Vdc @ 50 rnA for programming. A reccmnended power supply for +5 V, +12 V is a Comor model TAA-16W. The -18 programmirg voltage may be supplied by two 9 V batteries or a good -18 V, 50 rnA power supply.

The terminal block PIon the EVM is designed for 14-22 AWG wire. See Figure 2-12 for connections.

PI +5V m GND

+12V '" GND (S)

-12V e GND 0

-18V (S)

FIGu~E 2-12. Power Supply Installation

2.4.2 Terminal Installation

An RS-232C compatible tenninal is required to enter data, debug a user program, print data, am program an t-CU EPROM. ,Most terminals can be connected to the EVM with a cable requiring a 20-contact edge connector on the EVM end and a 25-contact D-type subminiature connector on the terminal end. The subminiature connector can be either pin (male) or socket (female), as required by the user tenninal. Both of these cable types are available from Motorola:

PART NUMBER DESCRIPTION

M68RS232M RS-232C Cable, Edge/Male

M68RS232F RS-232C Cable, Edge/Female

The user may manufacture a cable suitable for this purpose. Figure 2-13 shows a detail of the cable, lists several suitable vendor part numbers (any equivalent part may be used), am shows the comuctor line designations present on the EVM. The cable requires a 20- or 25-conductor flat ribbon; connectors should be installed accordirg to manufacturer's instructions. The edge connector may be keyed to prevent incorrect cable connection.

The cable is connected between the EVM edge connector J3 (TERMINAL) and the user tenninal. Be sure to orient pin 1 of the cable with pin 1 of J3.

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20 OR 25 CONDUCTOR FLAT RIBBON

CABLE

3M "3365-20 OR

3M "3365-25

KEY (OPTIONAL)

~ ~o r-----------wl I I

25 "0" SUBMINIATURE MALE (PIN) CONNECTOR PART ,'S:

1. CIRCUIT ASSEMBLY CORP .CA·25·SMO·P

2. ITT CANNON "DBSP-B25P

3. ANSLEY 1609·25P

4. WINCHESTER '49·1125P

\1 2

1\ 14 .

RED(..

1 3

2 4

15

c ~ Q )( II:

3

5

6

16

4

17

7

8

25 "0" SUBMINIATURE FEMALE (SOCKET) CONNECTOR PART ,'S:

1. CIRCUIT ASSEMBLEY CORP 'CA·25·SM O·S

2. ITT CANNON "DBSP-B25S

3. ANSLEY 1609·25S

4. WINCHESTER '49·1125S

25 PIN "0" SUBMINIATURE CONNECTOR

5

9

10

6

18 19

11

12

Q Z CJ -' c z CJ iii

7

13

14

20

Q o Q

8

15

16

21

20 PIN CARD EDGE CONNECTOR

9

17

18

20 CARD EDGE CONNECTOR PART ,'S:

1. AM P '88373·6

2. ANSLEY H09·2015 M

3. BERG "5164·002 4. 3M '3461·0001

10 11 12 1~ 22 23 24 .25 J

I I I I I \ I v

NOT CONNECTED

19

20

FIGuKE 2-13. Terminal Cable Details

2-10

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2.4.3 Host Computer (Modem) Installation

The EVM can be operatErl with a host computer directly or by rrodem. The host computer (e.g., EXORciser) or modem is connected to the EVM with a cable which is similar to the terminal cable. Refer to paragraph 2.4.2 for details of purchased or user-manufactured cable. The edge connector may be keyed to prevent incorrect cable connection. Figure 2-14 shows the host computer cable signal line connections which are present on the EVM.

The cable is connectErl between the EVM edge connector J4 (HOST) and the user host computer or modem. Be sure to orient pin 1 of the cable with pin 1 of J4.

\ \ 14

RED-c..

I 1

c ~ Q )( ~

2

3

3 4

15 16 17

I

5 7

25 PIN "D" SUBMINIATURE CONNECTOR

5 6

18 19

I

9 11

Q Z o .... c z ~ Q o ~ (.) en Q Q

7 8

20

I

13 15

9

21

17

10

23 1i I 112 I 1 22

I

\ I v NOT CONNECTED

19 I 2 /' 4 / 6'/ 8./ 10 / 12 ./ 14 / 16'/ 18 /' 20 /'

20 PIN CARD EDGE CONNECTOR

FIGURE 2-14. Host cable Signal Line Connections

2-11

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2.4.4 Printer Installation

".rne ErVM is designw to drive any Centronics interface printer. wnen purcnasea from Motorola, the printer is supplied with a cable. The cable may be purchased from Motorola by ordering part number MEX68PIC.

The user may manufacture this cable, although it is a more complex assembly than ribbon cable and connectors. Figure 2-15 shows the interconnection diagram of the cable and lists suitable connector part numbers. The cable may be keyed on the edge connector to prevent incorrect cable connection.

The cable is connectoo between the EVM ooge connector J9 (PRINTER) and the user printer. Be sure to orient pin 1 of the cable with pin 1 of J9.

2.4.5 Audio Cassette Player Installation

An audio cassette player may be used to save program object code from the EVM. Two signal lines plus ground must be connectoo to the cassette player from EVM J6 (EAR) and J7 (MIC). An inexpensive cassette player, GE model 3-5153, may be used.

The user must buy or make a cable sui table for the cassette player used. An audio patch cord (Radio Shack part number 42-2420) and an adapter (Radio Shack part number 274-327) may be used with most recorders which use miniature phone plugs.

The cassette player is connected to the EVM by connecting the adapter to EVM J6 or J7 and the pa tch cord between the adapter and the cassette player. The data out signal at EVM J7 (MIC) should be connected to the MICROPHONE input of the cassette recorder for saving programs. The data in signal at EVM J6 (EAR) should be connected to the EARPHONE output of the cassette player for loading programs into the EVM memory. ~ound connections are part of the patch cords.

2-12

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EXAMPLE: 3M "3415·0001

EVM

39

40

37

38

35

36

33

34

31

32

29

30

27

28

25

26

43

44

47

48

DATA 1

DATA 1 RTN

DATA 2

DATA 2 RTN

DATA 3

DATA 3 RTN

DATA 4

DATA 4 RTN

DATA 5

DATA 5 RTN

DATA 6

DATA 6 RTN

DATA 7

DATA 7 RTN

RTN

RTN

D~T~ STB

FLAT RIBBON CABLE

DATA STe RTN

~

ACK RTN

FIGURE 2:-15. Printer Cable Interconnection Diagl:am

EXAMPLE: AMPHENOl "57·10360·13 CINCH "57·10360

PRINTER

2

20

3

21

4

22

5

23

6

24

7

25

8

26

9

27

1

19

10

28

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CHAPTER 3

OPERATING INSTRUCTIONS

3.1 INTRODUCTI ClJ

This chapter describes the operating procedures, MCU EPROM programming procedures, and the debug/monitor commands for the EVM.

3.2 SWITCHES AND INDICATORS

The EVM is provided with five switches and four LED indicators. The indicators show the status of certain functions during EPROM programming, and may prompt the user to perform some function. See Figure 2-1 for location of switches and indicators.

3.2.1 Switches

Two switches (Sl, S2) control the user reset and abort functions of the module. Two switches (S3, S4) control the EPROM programming operation, together with the LED status indicators. A master reset switch (S5) is also provided.

USER RESET - The USER RESET pushbutton switch (Sl) , located on the upper left corner of the EVM, is used to reset the MPU and all user I/O, and swi tch to the user map. The USER RESET swi tch may be used as a permanent map switch for execution of user code from the user reset vector (see user map description) •

ABORT - '!he ABORT pushbutton switch (S2) , located on the upper left corner of the EVM, is used to return to the monitor map from the user map (see user map description). The ABORT switch has no effect when operating in the monitor map.

PROGRAM - The PROGRAM slide switch (S3) , located on the lower right corner of the EVM, is used to activate +12 Vdc and +27 Vdc power used to program the EPROM. LED indicator (CR7) is lit when this switch is in the ON position.

+5VOLT - The +5VOLT slide switch (S4) , located on the lower right corner of the EVM, is used to activate +5 Vdc power used during the programming and read operations. LED indicator (CRa) is Ii t when this switch is in the ON position.

MASTER RESET - The MASTER RESET switch (S5) , located on the lower left of the EVM, is used to perform a power on reset of the entire EVM.

3-1

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3.2.2 Indicators

Four LED indicators show the status of the programmer circuitry.

PROG Red LED indicator (081), when lit, informs the user that the device in socket XU56 or XU57 is being programmed.

VERF Red LED indicator (082), when lit, informs the user that the device in socket XU56 or XU57 has been programmed and verified.

PROGRAM - Red LED indicator (083), when lit, informs the user that PROGRAM switch (83) is in the ON position, applying -12 Vdc and -18 Vdc to the device to be programmed.

+5VOLT - Red LED indicator (D84) , when lit, informs the user that +5VOLT switch (84) is in the ON position, applying +5 Vdc to the device to be programmed or read.

3.3 MEMORY MAP CONCEPT

The EVM is designed to operate in either one of two maps (monitor map or user map). The monitor map contains 4K bytes of RAM/ROM which includes the monitor ROM, monitor RAM/stack, monitor I/O, a monitor control register, and a user stack pointer (see Figure 3-1). The user map, which simulates the MC1468705 memory map, contains the user I/O ports, user RAM/stack, and user pseudo RCJv1 (see Figure 3-1).

The memory maps are decoded with a field programmable gate array.

NOTE

The entire 4K-byte memory map is available to the user, although all MC1468705 MCU devices do not have EPROM throughout the entire 4K-byte map. Refer to the specific device data sheet for valid program locations.

3.3.1 Monitor Map

The terminal, host, cassette, and printer ports are available only in the monitor map. User programs in the user map can not access the peripheral ports.

3.3.2 User Map

All user I/O ports lfi, S, C, D) are available in b~e user map for evaluation. All ports are reconstructed off chip except port C.

User pseudo ROM - The user progrc?-m space (080-FFF) is RAM, which is write protected during user program execution. This feature requires all programs to be ROMable and protects against program errors which would otherwise overwrite the program space.

Header J8 on the EVM provides a simulated 8K user map for evaluating the MC146870SG2, and a simulated 2K user map for evaluating the t-K!1468705F2. Although the EVM has only a 4K map, the user vectors fetched from IFF6-lFFF or 7F6-7FF for the MC146870SG2 arrl MC146870SF2, respectively, appear to the ~I.M MCU at lFF6-lFFF. This is accomplished by shadowing the lower 4K map into the upper 4K map (8K option), or by multiple shadowing the lower 2K map into the upper 6K map (2K options).

3-2

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IIONITOR IIA'

TERMINAL - CNTL - DATA

HOST - CNTL -DATA

RESERVED RESERVED

RESERVED

RESERVED

RESERVED RESERVED

USER STACK PNTR

MONITOR CNTL CASSETIE - DATA

-CNTL PRINTER - DATA

-CNTL

MONITOR RAM/STACK

MONITOR ROM

MONITOR ROM

SHADOW OF

OOO-FFF

VECTORS

$000 1 2 3 4

5 6 7 8 9 A B C D E F

$010 • •

$07F $080 • • • • • • • • • • •

$7FF $800 • • • • • • • • • •

$FFF $1000

• • • • • • • • • • • •

$1FFF

USER IIAP

PORT A - DATA

PORT B - DATA

PORT C - DATA

PORT D - DATA

PORT A- DDR

PORT B - DDR

PORT C - DDR

PORT D - DDR TIMER - DATA

TIMER - CNTL

NOT USED

NOT USED NOT USED

NOT USED

NOT USED

NOT USED

USER RAM/STACK

USER PSEUDO

ROM

VECTORS (2K) MC1468705F2

USER

PSEUDO

ROM

SHADOW OF

OOO-FFF

MOR

VECTORS (4K) MC1468705G2

FIGURE 3-1. EVM Memory Map

3-3

- ON CHIP

ON CHIP

ON CHIP

ON CHIP

WRITE-PROTECTED DURING USER PROGRAM EXECUTION

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3.4 MAP SWITCHES

IVN types of map switches are provided -- a ternfAjrary' swi ten which allows modification of user memory under monitor control, .and a permanent switch which allows execution of user programs&

3.4.1 Program Execution

A permanent map switch for execution of user code can be initiated in two ways:

Command from the monitor

The monitor commands G (execute from address), P (proceed from breakpoint), and T (trace instructions) allow execution of user programs.

Pressing the USER RESET switch (Sl)

When the USER RESET switch is pressed, the MCU and all user I/O are reset, maps are immediately switched to the user map, and the reset vector is fetched from the user map by the MCU. Breakpoints are ignored during this mode of execution. Execution can be halted only with the ABORT switch.

Return to monitor control occurs in two ways:

A breakpoint or the end of a trace function in the monitor

Execution of user code continues until a breakpoint (SWl) is encountered or the ABORT switch is pressed. The map is switched back to the monitor map after the registers are saved on the user stack. An SWI which occurs when no breakpoint is set -- and when the ABORT switch is not being pressed -- does not cause a map switch. This allows user SWI's to be executed in real time.

pressing the ABORT switch (S2)

The ABORT switch, when pressed, forces an SWI on the data bus until the next LIR. The registers are saved on the user stack and maps switched to the monitor. The ABORT switch has no effect on the monitor map.

3.5 LIMITATI(l.JS

No protection is provided to limit programs to the exact aIOOunt of EPROM avai lable. '!he user must be aware of ~'1e map of the MCU being evaluated and ensure that only valid EPROM locations are used.

AI though an external clock input may be used to evaluate the MCU at reduced speeds, LOAD, TPLD, and TPDU functions may be used only while operating at full I-MHz rate. TO operate at reduced speed with an external clock, the following procedure should be performed.

a. Load the program (LOAD, TPLD, or TPDU commands) at full I-MHz clock rate.

b. Press and hold the MASTER RESET switch while positioning the jumper at J13 to pillS 1 and 2. ~~'hen the Jumper is in place, release the ~~tSTER RESET swi tch •

3-4

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c. The user program can now be executed and debugged at reduced clock speed.

d. To return to full clock rate, repeat steps band c moving jumper on header J13 to pins 2 and 3.

'!he baud rates of the terminal and host are independent; however, during transparent 100 de , characters from the host computer to the terminal may occasionally be lost if the terminal baud rate is not higher than the host baud rate. This occurs only during the transparent mode, and does not apply when downloading to memory.

'!'he audio cassette format is unique to the EVM and is not compatible with any other tape format.

The printer port does not support any of the error detect lines. Only the data, strobe, and acknowledge lines are implemented.

3.6 OPERATIKl PROCEDURE

'!'he monitor is the resident firmware for the EVM, which provides a self­contained programming and operating environment. '!he monitor interacts with the user through predefined commands that are entered from a terminal. The commands fall into five general categories:

a. Commands which allow the user to display or modify memory.

b. Commands which allow the user to display or modify the various internal reg isters of the MCU.

c. Commands which allow the user to execute a program under various levels of control.

d. Commands which control access to the various input/output peripherals connected to the EVM.

e. Commands which program or read the MCU EPROM.

The monitor requires five bytes of user stack for user register storage on monitor (re) entry. No limitation is placed on the user as to other uses of the stack.

All user registers are in an unknown state on monitor power-up.

3.6.1 System Initialization

Turning power on initializes the EVM system. The MCU is reset and the monitor invoked. '!'he terminal displays:

EVMbug705 REV X.XX ?

s=xx c=XX A=XX X=XX P=XXXX

where X is a revision of the software or an unknown register state.

Other means can be used to reinitialize the EVM finnware (see paragraph 3.2.1) •

3-5

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3.6.2 System Operation

initialization or the prompt ? and waits for a response. If an invalid response is entered, the terminal displays a "What?", and rings the bell.

A dollar sign ($) may precede any number input except bit number specifications in the BCLR/BSET and BRCLR/BRSET assembler mnemonics. All numbers are interpreted as hexadecimal -- the ($) is not required.

The user can call any of the commands supported by the monitor. A standard input routine controls the system while the user types a line of input. Command processing begins only after the line has been terminated by a carriage return (see note 6, paragraph 3.6.3). .

3.6.3 Command Line Format

The command line format is:

? [NO]<command> [<parameters>]

where:

? Is the prompt from the EVM monitor.

NO Is ~~e negative (opposite) of some primitive co~mands.

commaoo Is the primitive command.

parameters Are separated by a single space.

NOTES

1. The command line format is defined using special characters which have the following syntactical meanings:

< > Enclose a syntactical variable.

Enclose optional fields.

] ••• Enclose optional fields which may be repeated.

These characters are not entered by ~~e user, but are for definition only.

2. Fields are separated by a single space.

3. A maximum of 30 characters may be entered on a command line. After the 30th character is entered, the monitor automatically terminates the line and begins processing ~~e 3D-character line.

... ,. "-0

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4. RETURN (CR) (carriage return) enters the command line and causes processing to begin.

5. CTRLrX cancels the entire input line.

6. Parameters are interpreted to be the last two or three characters in the parameter field. Parameter errors may be corrected by re-entering the parameter without a space.

3.6.4 primitive Oommands

Monitor primitive commands are listed in Table 3-1.

TABLE 3-1. Moni tor Primi ti ve Oorrmands

DESCRIPTION

ASM <address> Assembler/disassembler (interactive)

BF <addressl> <address2> <data> Block fill memory with data

[NO]BR [<address>] ••• Breakpoint set/reset/remove

G [<address>] Go (execute program)

LOAD [<offset>]<= text> Download memory (S-records) from host file

MD <addressl> [<address2>] Memory display

MM <address> Memory modify (interactive)

P [<count>] proceed (from breakpoint)

[NO] PA printer attach/reset printer attach

PRo:; progr am EPROM

RD Register display

READ Read EPROM contents

RM Register modify (interactive)

T [<count>] Trace (instructions)

TM [<exit character>] Transparent mode

TPDU <addressl> <address2> Dump memo ry to cassette tape

TPLD [<offset>] Load memory from cassette tape

Each of the individual commands is described in the following paragraphs.

3-7

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3.6.5 Assembler/Disassembler (Interactive) ASM

ASM <address>

where <address> is the starting address for the assembler operation.

'!he assembler/disassembler is an interactive assembler/editor in which the source program is not saved. Each source line is translated into the proper machine language code and is stored in memory on a line-by-line basis at the time of entry. In order to display an instruction, the machine code is disassembled and the instruction mnemonic and operands are displayed. All valid instructions are translated.

The ASM command allows the user to create, modify, and debug MC6805 code. No provision is made for line numbers or labels.

Assembler input must have exactly one space between the mnemonic and the operand. There must be no space between the operand and the index specification ( ,X) except in the case of indexed no offset. Assembler input must be terminated by a carriage return. No comments, etc., are allowed after the instruction input.

EXAMPLE:

a .. ?LDA ,X b. ?STA 10,X c. ?BRCLR 3,$52,200 d. ?COMX e. ?CMP 200

After each new assembler input line, the new line is disassembled for the user before stepping to the new instruction. '!he new line may assemble to a different number of bytes than the previous one. It is left to the user to watch for this.

Each of the instruction pairs ASLA/LSLA and ASLX/LSLX have the same opcode, so disassembly always reveals LSLA or LSLX, respectively.

A dollar sign ($) may precede any number input except bit specifications in the BCLR/BSET and BRCLR/BRSET assembler mnemonics.

The assembler is terminated by entering a period (.) followed by a carriage return. Entering a carriage return alone on an input line steps to the next instruction.

Entering crRL X cancels an input line. '!he moni tor remains in the assembler roode.

EXAMPLE

?ASM 200 0200 FF STX ,X ?BRSET 7,10,210 0200 OE 10 OD BRSET 7,$10,$0210 0203 FF STX ,X ?LOA #$55 0203 A6 55 LOA #$55 0205 FF STX ,X ?STA ,X 0205 F7 STA ,X 0206 FF STX ,X ?LOX 654 0206 CE 06 1:11 LDX $0654 ";":1;

0209 FF STX ,X ?BRA 209 0209 20 'C't;" BRA $0209 J.',u

020B FF STX ,X ?

3-8

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3.6.6 Block Fill Memory with Data BF

BF <addressl> <address2> <data>

where:

addressl Is the lower limit for fill operation.

address2 Is the upper limit for fill operation.

data Is the fill pattern hexadecimal value.

'!he BF corrmand allows the user to repeat a specific pattern throughout a determined user memory range.

Caution should be used when modifying locations O-F or 60-7F. The user I/O configurations and interrupt masks are located at O-F. 60-7F contain the user stack area. The user registers are stored in the five bytes immediately below the user stack.

No operation is performed if addressl is greater than address2.

EXAMPLE

?BF 101 200 FF

?BF 10 10 0

C(}1MENTS

Fill each byte of memory from 101 through 200 with the pattern FF.

Sets location 10 to o.

3-9

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3.6.7 Breakpoint Set Breakpoint Remove

BR [<address>] ••• NOSR [<address>]

BR NOSR

The BR corrunand enters the address into the internal breakpoint table. During execution of the user program, a debug halt occurs immediately preceding the execution of any instruction address in the breakpoint table.

The NOBR command is used to remove one or all breakpoints from the breakpoint table.

User should not put a breakpoint on an SWI instruction as this is the instruction that the monitor uses to breakpoint/single-step a user program. The user may use the SWI instruction in the user program.

When a new breakpoint is entered, the breakpoint table is fi rst cleared. A maximum of three breakpoints may be set.

After setting or removing a breakpoint, the current breakpoint addresses, if any, are displayed~

CavlMAND FORMAT DESCRIPTION

BR Display all current breakpoints.

BR <address> Set a breakpoint.

BR <addressl> <address2> ••• Set several breakpoints.

NOBR Remove all current breakpoints.

NOBR <address> Remove a breakpoint.

EXAMPLE CCtJlMENTS

?SR 080 Sets a breakpoint at 080.

?BR 084 09A 984 Sets three breakpoints.

?NOBR Removes all breakpoints.

?BR Displays all current breakpoints.

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3.6.8 Go (Execute program) G

G [<address>]

where:

address Is the starting address where execution begins.

The G command allows the user to initiate user program execution in free run in real time. The user may optionally specify a starting address where execution is to begin. Execution starts at current PC unless starting address is specified. Program execution continues until a breakpoint is encountered or the ABORT switch is pressed.

EXAMPLE

?G Begin execution at current PC location.

?G 100 Begin execution at location 100.

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3.6.9 Download Memory (S-Records) from Host File Lew)

LOAD [<offset>]<=text>

where:

offset

=text

Is the optionally specified offset to be applied to all load addresses retrieved from the loaded S-records.

The text following the = is a host command sent to the host port, which instructs the host to download S-records.

The load command moves object data in S-record format (see Appendix A) from an external host to memory.

When loading data from a host file, the data received by the monitor is echoed to the terminal so that the user may monitor the load progress. 8-records are not echoed to the printer due to timing considerations. If the terminal is running at a baud rate less than the host, the S-record echo may be scrambled but the data is entered correctly to memory.

As the moni tor processes only valid S-record data, it is possible for the monitor to hang up during a load operation (there is no internal timeout because the terminal and host may be running at different baud rates) ~ Therefore: prior to the load operation, the user should define a reset vector to execute a branch-to-self instruction. Then, if the monitor should become hung up during a load operation, the user may do a reset/abort on the processor and return the monitor to the command state.

The load operation may optionally specify an offset to be applied to all load addresses retrieved from the loaded S-records. No check is made that the address does not rollover from high memory to low memory after adding the offset.

EXAMPLE

?LOAD =COPY FILE.LX:l,#CN

?LOAD lOO=COPY FILE.MX;#

CC»1AND

Loads the data from the host (EXORciser) to the EVM.

Loads; with offset; the data from th.e host (EXORmacs) to the EVM.

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3.6.10 Memory Display MD

MD <addressl> [<address2>]

where:

addressl Is the beginning address of the memory to be displayed.

address2 Is the ending address of the memory to be displayed.

The MD command is used to display a section of memory beginning at addressl and continuing to address2. If address2 is not entered I 16 bytes are displayed beginning at addressl.

No operation is performed if addressl is greater than address2.

EXAMPLE

?MD 100 110 100 OC 00 00 30 6D 28 OC 00 00 39 6E 10 02 80 00 00 ••• Om( ••• 9n ••••• 110 00 OF 11 CO 10 38 IE 3C 00 E4 4E 4E OC 00 00 41 ••• @.8.<.dNN ••• A

?MD lOA lOA 6E 10 02 80 00 00 00 OF 11 CO 10 38 IE 49 00 E4 n •••••••••• 8.< ••

3-13

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3.6.11 Memory Modify (Interactive) MM

MM <address>

where:

address Is the memory location at which to start display/modify.

The MM command allows the user to examine/modify user memory locations in an interactive manner.

Caution should be used when modifying the user stack area because the user registers are stored in the five bytes immediately below the user stack.

Once entered, the MM command has several submodes of operation that allow modification and verification of data. '!he following terminators are recognized.

[<data>] (CR) - Update location and sequence forward.

[<data>]~(CR) - Update location and sequence backward.

[<data>] = (CR) - Update location and reopen same location.

[<data>] • (CR) - Update location and terminate.

An entry of only ". (CR) " terminates the register modify interactive mode.

CTRL X may be used to cancel any input line; the moni tor remains in the MM conunand.

EXAMPLE

?MM 100 OlOO=FF?OO= 0100=00? OlOO=FF?OO= 0100=00?-. -

CG1MENT

Display memory location 100, modify FF to 00, and display same location" then terminate.

3-14

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3.6.12 Proceed (from Breakpoint) P

P [<count>]

Ylbere:

count Is the number (in hexadecimal) of times the current breakpoint location is to be passed before the breakpoint returns control to the monitor.

All other breakpoints are ignored during this command.

EXAMPLE

?P 5

3-15

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3.6.13 Printer Attach Printer Detach

PA NOPA

PA NOPA

The PA command allows the user to software attach the line printer so that information sent to the terminal is also printed. The printer is physically attached to EVM J9 (PRINTER).

The NOPA command allows the user to detach the printer from the terminal.

The PA command should only be entered when a printer is physically connected to the EVM. Otherwise, the monitor hangs up while waiting for a response from the printer. To recover from this hang up , the printer must be attached, the power removed from the EVM, or the MASTER RESET switch (S5) pressed.

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3.6.14 Program EPROM PRCG

PRO;

The PROG command is used to program the MC1468705 MCU internal EPROM. Prior to entering this command, jumpers must be positioned, switches must be set, and the unprogrammed MCU installed in the proper socket. paragraph 3.7 describes the procedure for programming the EPROM in detail. Because of the limited monitor memory size, only the MC1468705G2 can be programmed with the G2 version of the monitor program, and only the MC1468705F2 can be programmed with the F2 version of the monitor program.

3-17

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3.6.15 Register Display

RD

. The RD command displays the MCU register contents.

CQ\1MAND FORMAT

?RD

EXAMPLE

?RD S=7F C=FA A=FF

DESCRIPTION

The contents of the following registers are displayed:

X=lO

S = stack pointer C = condition code A = accumulator X = index P = program counter

P=0047

3-18

RD

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3.6.16 Read EPROM Contents READ

READ

The READ command allows the user to display the contents of the programmed internal EPROM of the MC1468705 MCU.

paragraph 3.8 describes the procedure for reading the programmed EPROM.

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3.6.17 Register Modify (Interactive) RM

RM

The RM command is used to modify the MPU registers. The RM command takes no parameters and starts by displaying the S (stack pointer) register and then displaying the C (condition code) register and allowing changes to be made to the condition code register. The order of the register display follows:

S (stack pointer) - No modification allowed; moves to next line.

C (condition code) - Only bits 0-4 are significant.

A (user A register)

X (user X register)

p (program counter) - Two, bytes displayed/allowed.

The user may not change the stack pointer using the RM command.

Once entered, the RM command has several subnodes of operation that allow modification and verification of data. The following terminators are recognized.

[<data>] (CR) - Update register and sequence forward.

[<data>] A (CR) - Update register and sequence backward.

[<data>] = (CR) - Update register and reopen same location.

[<data>] .- (CR) - Update register and terminate.

M entry of only II. (CR) II terminates the register modify interactive mode.

The user may use CTRL-X to cancel any input line; the monitor remains in this corrmand.

EXAMPLE

?RM S=7D C=OO?CC A=AA?FE= A=FE? X=10?77 P=0056?100" X=77? ?=RD Regs S=7D

COOMENT

Command entered. Shows S status and Change C register. Change A register. Look at A register Change X register. Change P register. Look at X register. Enter RD command.

C=CC A=FE X77

skips to C.

Re-examine register. change.

Sequence backward. Terminate command.

P=0100

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3.6.18 Trace T

T [<count>]

where:

count Is the number (in hexadecimal) of instructions to execute.

The T command allows the user to monitor program execution on an instruction-by­instruction basis. The user may optionally execute several instructions at a time by entering a count value (up to FF) • Execution starts at the current PC. The PC displayed with the event message is of the next instruction to be executed.

During the tracing operation, breakpoints are active and user program execution stops upon the PC encountering a breakpoint address. Depending upon the user program execution results, the monitor issues one of the following target status messages before displaying a prompt for the next user input.

Trace S=nn C=nn A=nn X=nn P=nnnn

Brkpt S=nn C=nn A=nn X=nn P=nnnn

The user should not try to trace an instruction that branches to itself (eege; BRCLR Y,XX,*). Because the monitor puts an SWIT instruction on the object of the branch, the instruction would never be executed. However, it would look to the user as if the instruction executes. The user may enter a G command while the PC points to this type of instruction as long as the instruction is not at a breakpoint address.

The monitor issues an error message if the user attempts to trace at an address that contains an invalid opcode.

EXAMPLE CCl4MENT

?T Single trace. Trace S=7D C=FC A=OO X=lO P=OO51

?T 5 Multiple trace with count Trace S=7D C=FA A=OO X=lO P=OO54 of 5 entered. Trace S=7D C=FC A=OO X=lO P=OO56 Trace S=7D C=FC A=OO X=lO P=OO51 Trace S=7D C=FA A=OO X=lO P=OO54 Trace S=7D C=FC A=OO X=lO P=OO56

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3.6.19 Transparent Mode TM

TM [<exit character>]

where:

exit character Is the user entry to terminate the transparent mode.

The TM conunand connects the EVM host port to the terminal port, which allows direct conununication between the terminal and the host. All input/output between them is ignored by the EVM until the exit character is entered from the terminal.

When the TM command is entered, an exit character is entered following the TM (e.g., ?TM 1). The exit character can be any keyboard character (printable or non-printable). The default exit character is CTRL-A. When the user task is completed, the transparent roode is terminated by entering the same exi t character.

EXAMPLES

?1M MOOS =DIR

=CTRL-A ?

C~

Command followed by a carriage return. CTRL-A is default exit character. MOOS program entered.

Task complete. Enter exit character CTRL-A. Transparent mode terminated.

Command followed by exit character (1). MOOS program entered. Directory called up.

Task complete. Enter exit character (1). Transparent mode terminated.

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3.6.20 Dump Memory to Cassette Tape TPDU

TPDU <addressl> <address2>

where:

addressl Is the beginning address of the memory to be dLUnped.

address2 Is the ending address of the memory to be dumped.

The TPDU corrunand outputs memory contents (S-records) (see Appendix A) from beginning address through ending addess to an audio cassette through EVM J7. The recording technique is unique to the EVM.

~hen dumpir~ data to cassette tape, the data generated by L~e rr~nitor is echoed to the terminal so that the user may monitor the dump process. S-records are not echoed to the printer due to timing considerations. If the terminal is running at a . baud rate less than the cassette (cassette runs at approximately 300 baud), the S-record echo is scrambled but the data is entered on the cassette tape correctly.

When saving data to cassette tape, the monitor writes a leader to the cassette tape. The leader takes approximately 15 seconds to write. Therefore, no data echo is seen on the screen during this delay. The leader allows the user time to start the cassette in record mode and not miss any data when loading memory back from cassette. A 4K memory dLUnp to the cassette takes approximately two minutes.

No operation is performed if the starting address is greater than the ending address.

EXAMPLE

?TPDU 200 20F S0030000FC Sl1302006654BBCE67046l00l352lE3C004447F899 S9030000FC

3-23

CCl-1r"£NT

DLUnp to be performed starting at memory location 200.

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3.6.21 Load Memory from Cassette Tape TPLD

TPLD [<offset>]

where:

offset Is the optionally-specified offset to be applied to all load addresses retrieved from the loaded S-records.

The TPLD command loads data in S-record format from cassette tape to memory.

The load operation may optionally specify an offset to be applied to all load addresses retrieved from loaded S-records. No check is made that the address does not rollover from high memory to low memory after adding the offset.

When loading data from cassette tape, the data received by the monitor is echoed to the terminal so that the user may moni tor the load process. S-records are not echoed to the printer due to timing considerations. If the terminal is running at a baud rate less than the cassette (cassette runs at approximately 300 baud), the S-record echo is scrambled but the data is entered to memory correctly. A 2K memory load from cassette tape takes approximately one minute.

Because the monitor processes only valid S-record data, it is possible for the monitor to hang up during a load operation (there is no internal timeout because the terminal and cassette may be running at different baud rates). Therefore, prior to the load operation, the user should define a reset vector to execute a branch-to-self instruction. Then, if the monitor should become hung up during a load operation, the user may do a reset/abort on the processor and return the monitor to the command state.

EXAMPLE

?TPLD S0030000FC Sl1302006654BBCE6704610013521E3C004447F899 S9030000FC

?TPLD 100 S0030000FC Sl1302006654BBCE6704610013521E3C004447F899 S9030000FC

3-24

CeJ.1MENT

Loads data from cassette to EVM with no offset.

Loads data with offset of 100.

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3.7 PROGRAMMING THE EPROM

The monitor firmware allows the user to program MC146870SG2 and MC146870SF2 internal EPROM (see paragraph 3.6.14). When the user wants to program the MCU internal EPROM, jumpers must be repositioned, switches set, and indicators observed. Refer to device data sheets for details of the internal EPROM.

Paragraph 3.8 describes the READ function and the read program.

It is assumed that the user program has been debugged and resides in the EVM memory.

The following steps are used to program the internal EPROM:

a. Check switches 83 and 84 at the lower right of the EVM to ensure that the switches are in the OFF position.

b. Connect -18 Vdc source (see paragraph 2.4.1).

c. On headers JlS, J16, and J17, remove the jumpers from between pins 1 and . 2 and install between pins 2 and 3 (see paragraph 2.3.9).

d. Insert unprogrammed ~146870S into socket XUS6 for the 28-pin device, or socket XUS7 for the 40-pin device.

e. Position switch 84 (+SVOLT) to the ON position and observe LED indicator 084 is lit ..

f. Position switch 83 (PROGRAM) to the ON position and observe LED indicator 083 is lit.

g. Enter the command PROG (see paragraph 3.6.14).

h. LED indicator PROG (081) lights while programming is in progress. Approximately one second later, LED indicator VERF (082) lights, indicating the transfer has been verified. A monitor prompt (?) indicates progra.rp/verify function is cOIPplete; If the VERF indicator does not light, the programming is not correct. It is recommended that a second attempt at programming the same part be made. This is often successful when verification fails.

i. position switches 83 and 84 to the OFF position.

j. Remove the prograrrmed device. program additional devices.

Repeat the procedure f rom step d to

k. When programming task is complete, position the jumpers on headers JlS, J16, and J17 to pins 1 and 2.

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3.8 READING THE EPROM CONTENTS

The monitor firm\alare allot;.'S the user to read the contents of the progra~ed EPROM. A special dump program must be included with the user program in memory to be transferred to the EPROM. Approximately 30 bytes of memory are requi red for the dump program. This dump program may be relocated anywhere in the valid EPROM space by changing the reset vector from 80 to the new start location. Caution must be used in calculating branch offsets since this dump program executes from EPROM and cannot be debugged by the monitor. The dump program (listed in Figure 3-3) is written for an MCl468705G2 (reset vector at IFFE-IFFF).

User I/O bit PC3 must not be held low by the user application circuitry during reset. After reset, all user I/O is available for applications (see Figure 3-2).

The dump program for the MCl468705F2 is available with the F2 monitor program.

RESET

FETCH RESET

VECTOR

NO

READ PROGRA~1

YES

USER PROGRAt~ ( RESET ROUTINE)

FIGURE 3-2. !).Jffip Progra.'1l Flo\"l

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The procedure to perform the READ function is as follows.

NOTE

It is important that user circuitry connected to I/O connector Jl does not pull down any of the user port lines during programming or reading. Full CMOS levels are necessary on these lines.

a. Check switches S3 and S4 at the lower right of the EVM to assure that the switches are in the OFF position.

b. On headers J15, J16, and J17, remove the jumpers from between pins 1 and 2 and install between pins 2 and 3 (see paragraph 2.3.9) •

c. Insert programmed r~1468705 into socket XU56 for the 28-pin device, or socket XU57 for the 40-pin device.

d. Position switch S4 (+5VOLT) to the ON position and observe LED indicator DS4 is lit.

e. Enter the command READ (see paragraph 3.6.16) •

f. The monitor displays the prompt (?) when the READ function is complete.

g. Position switch S4 to the OFF position.

h. Remove the programmed device. Repeat the procedure from step c to read additional devices.

i. When read task is completed, position the jumpers on headers J15, J16, and J17 to pins 1 and 2.

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Motorola M6805 X-Assembl.r 1. 10 FIX 411. .DUMPQ2 .SA 05/09/93 15: 19:06

1 P 2 P 3 P 4 P 5 P 6 P 7 P 8 P 9 P

10 P 11 P 12 P 13 P 14 P 15 P 16 P 17 A 18 A 19 A 20 A 21 A 22 A 23 A 24 A 25 A 26 A 27 A 28 P 29 P 30 P 31 P 32 P 33 P 34 P 35 P 36 P 37 P

0001 0005 0002 0003 0007 0080 OOFS OOlF 0060 0061 0062

38 A 0080 39 A 0080 060238 40 A 41 A Q383 A6C6 42 A 0085'8760 43 A 0087 3F61 44 A 0089 A680 45 A 00813 13762 46 A 0080 4C 47 A 008E 8763 48 A 49 A 0090 A6FF 50 A 0092 13705 51 A 0094 13707 52 A 0096 AEFS 53 A 54 A 0098 1103 55 A 009A 0702FD 56 A 009D ~,DC 1 57 A 009F 8701 58 A aOAl 1003

****************************************************************************** * * * This program dumps the 1468705G2 ROM data From $80 - $8F4 .nd From * * $lFF5 - $lFFF to the EVM, iF the DATA REGUEST bit (PC3) is held low * * at reset. IF PC3 is held high at res.t, the USER program is execut.d. * * After reset, PC3 can be used without this restriction. * * * * * * * * *

DUMP 1468705G2 110 DEFINITIONS

DATA RESET DATA REGUEST DATA VALID

PBO - PB7 RESET

PC3 PDO

---)-

<--­<--­--->

EVM EVM EVM EVM

* * * * * * * *

******************************************************************************

DATA DATADR REQUEST VALID VALIDDR RESET ROMEND VECTRS FETCH PAGE BYTE

EGU EGU EGU EQU EQU EQU EGU EGU EQ\4 EGU EGU

SOl SO:5 S02 S03 S07 S80 SF5 SIF $60 FETCH+l FETCH+2

Oat. Bus (PORT B) Data Bus direction register Data Request (PORT C) Valid Data (PORT D) Valid Data direction r.gister Reset Vector LSB of the last ROM address to dumped MSB of Vector addresses Start of selF-modifying code Address pointer MSB Address pOinter LSB

****************************************************************************** * * * SELF-MODIFYING ~ODE AT RAM $60 * * * * *

FETCH LOA RTS

S0080 * * * *

******************************************************************************

START

READ

LOOP WAITl

ORG I3RSET

LOA STA CLR LOA STA INCA STA

LOA STA STA LOX

BCLR BRCLR BSR STA BSET

FIGURE 3-3 ..

RESET 3, REQUEST. USER

#$C6 FETCH PAGE #$80 BYTE

BYTE+1

#$FF DATADR VALIDDR #ROMEND

0, VALID 3, REGUEST,WAITl FETCH DATA O,VALID

Execute user program?

No. trans'er selF-modifying code to RAM

ConFigure 'Data Bus and Valid Data ports as outputs

Send: Data invalid Wait For Data Request Q;:t n.xt bijtc Send it Send: Data valid

Dump program Li.sting (Sheet 1 of 2)

3-28

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Motorola M6805 X-Assemble~ 1. 10 FIX 411. . DUMPG2 .SA 05/09/83 15: 19:06

59 A 60 A 00A3 3C62 INC BYTE Inc~ement ~ddress pOinter 61 A OOA5 2700 BEG MSB Roll over to MSB ? 62 A 00A7 B362 CPX BYTE No, end of progr~m ROM LSB ? 63 A 00A9 260B BNE WAIT2 No. continue 64 A OOAB 076108 BRCLR 3. PAGE. WAIT2 End 0' program ROM ? 65 A OOAE AE1F LDX ~WECTRS Yes. change address pOinter MSB 66 A 0080 BF61 STX PAGE 67 A 0082 2002 BRA WAIT2 ~nd continue 68 A 69 A 00B4 3C61 MSB INC PAGE Increment address pOinter MSB 70 A 00B6 0602FO WAIT2 BRSET 3.REGUEST.WAIT2 Wait for: Qot dat~ 71 A 00B9 2000 BRA LOOP Continue 72 A 73 A OOBB 20FE USER BRA USER User program starts here 74 A 75 A IFFE ORG $1FFE 76 A IFFE 0080 VECTOR FDB RESET Reset vector loc~tion 77 A 78 A 0080 END START

***** TOTAL ERRORS 0-- 0 ***** TOTAL WARNINGS 0-- 0

Motorola M680S X-Assembler 1. 10 FIX 411. .DUMPG2 .SA 05/09/83 15: 19:06

SYMBOL TABLE LISTING

SYMBOL NAME SECT VALUE SYMBOL NAME SECT VALUE

BYTE A 0062 ROMEND A OOFS DATA A 0001 START A 0080 DATAOR A 0005 USER A OOBB FETCH A 0060 VALID A 0003 LOOP A 0098 VALIDDR A 0007 MSB A 0084 VECTOR A iF"FE PAGE A 0061 VECTRS A OOIF READ A 0083 WAITl A 009A REQUEST A 0002 WAIT2 A 00B6 RESET A 0080

FIGURE 3-3. Dump Program Listing (Sheet 2 of 2)

3-29/3-30

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CHAPTER 4

FUNcrIONAL DESCRIPTION

4 .. 1 INTRODUcrI rn

This chapter provides a block diagram description of the EVM module. A block diagram is shown in Figure 4-1.

4.2 BLOCK DIAGRAM DESCRIPTION

The EVM is designed to simulate an MC1468705 MCU with the resident MC146805G2. Data transfer within the EVM is controlled by the monitor ROM firmware controlled from an external R8-232C compatible user terminal. The contents ,of the monitor ROM are not available to the user.

After system initialization, the EVM waits for a comnand line input from the user terminal. When a proper command is entered, the operation continues in one of tv.u basic IOOdes. If the command causes execution of a user program, the rooni tor mayor may not be reentered, depending on the desire of the user. For the alternate case, the command is executed under control of the monitor, and the system returns to a waiting condition after conunand completion. During command execution, additional user input may be required, depending on the command function.

rrhe monitor requires five bytes of user stack for user register storage upon monitor (re) entry. No limitation is placed on the user as to other uses of the stack.

All user reg isters are in an unknown state on monitor power-up.

4.2.1 Decode and Map SWitch Logic

The EVM operates in either one of two maps (monitor map or user map) (see Figure 3-1). The monitor map contains 4K bytes of RAM/ROM, which includes a user stack pointer, a monitor control register, monitor I/O, monitor RAM/stack, and the roonitor ROM. The user map contains the user I/O ports, user RAM/stack, and user pseudo ROM. A temporary map switch which allows modification of user memory, and a permanent switch which allows execution of user programs are provided on the EVM.

Temporary Map SWitch

The temporary map switch executes any three-byte instruction in the user map and returns irrmediately to the monitor map. The opcode and operand are fetched from the monitor map, maps are switched, and the instruction is executed in user space. Maps are switched automatically back to the monitor map at the beginning of the next load instruction register (LIR) from the processor.

4-1

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The permanent map switch is initiated by conunand from the monitor, or by the USER RESET switch. Return to the monitor occurs at a breakpoint, at the end of a trace function in the monitor, or the ABORT switch.

The return from interrupt (RTI) opcode is fetched from the monitor map, maps are switched, and the registers are fetched from the user stack. Execution proceeds from the program counter (PC) fetched from the user stack.

When the USER RESET switch is pressed, the MCU and all user I/O are reset, maps are immediately switched to the user map, and the reset vector is fetched from the user map by the MCU. Breakpoints are ignored during this mode of execution.

Execution of user code continues until an SW! is decoded on the data bus during an LIR, and either the breakpoint flip-flop is set or the ABORT switch is pressed. '!be map is switched back to the monitor map after the registers are saved on the user stack. An SW[ which occurs when no breakpoint is set -- and when the ABORT swi tch is not be ing pressed -- does not cause a map swi tch. This allows user SWI's to be executed in real time.

'!be ABORT switch, when pressed, forces an SWI on the data bus until the next LIR. '!be reg isters are saved on the user stack and maps swi tched to the monitor. '!be ABORT switch has no effect on the monitor map.

When the USER RESET switch is pressed, the MCU and user I/O are reset into the user map. When the ABORT switch is pressed while in the user map, the monitor map is reenetered.

4.2.2 Monitor I/O

'!be monitor I/O consists of two serial R8-232C ports, a cassette port, and a parallel printer port.

Terminal Port

'!be terminal port communicates with an RS-232C compatible terminal in character mode. Baud rates are selectable through the use of a jumper on header J12. A software transparent mode allows direct cOImlunications between the terminal and the host.

H:>st Port

'!be host port provides downloading of 8-records from an RS-232C compatible host computer (EXORciser or any modem). Baud rates are selectable through the use of a jumper on J12.

Cassette Port

The cassette port provides a means of dumping and loading S-records to and from an audio cassette recorder. '!be recording technique is unique to the EVM.

4-2

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Printer Port

The printer port interfaces with any standard Centronics type parallel printer. Seven data lines, strobe, and acknowledge are the only signal lines supported. When the printer port is activated, all information sent to the terminal is echoed to the printer.

4.2.3 User Map Area

The user map area consists of the user RAM/stack and the user pseudo ROM.

User RAM!Stack

The user stack is resident in memory from OIO-07F. The stack pointer value is displayed when trace and breakpoint functions are executed. For detailed information on the stacking order, see the specific device data sheet.

User Pseudo RCM

The user program space 080-FFF is RAM, which is write protected during user program execution. 'Ibis feature requires all programs to be RCXV1able and protects against program errors which would otherwise overwrite the program space.

A jumper on header Jl8 provides selection of a 2K-byte user map for evaluating the MC1468705. Vectors fetched from 7FS-7FF in the user program appear to the resident MCU at IFFS-IFFF. 'Ibis is accomplished by shadowing the lower 2K map into the upper 6K bytes during this option.

4.2.4 User I/O Ports

All user I/O ports (A, B, c, D) are available in the user map for evaluation. All ports are reconstructed off chip except port C.

The on chip timer, AID, and interrupts are available to the user.

4.2.5 EPROM Programmer and Reader

The MCl468705 MCU devices have an internal boot programmer program. When the appropriate voltages are applied externally and reset is lifted, the boot program is entered by a vector. The program takes data from the EVM I/O ports and transfers the data into the internal EPROM of the MCU device.

The contents of the programmed EPROM may be read by the EVM. A small program can be added to the user code, which allows the contents of the EPRa-1 to be downloaded to EVM memory.

4-3

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r- -- ----I f USER I : APPLICATION ~ L- _____ -I ----

r­I TE I

----., -: RMINAL:

'--____ J

r­I OP-:;:ION-;'~~

EXTERNAL. I I CLOCK I L_ -----'

,.-----I OPTION I SOFTWA

- -1 AL I -RE I

CONTROLMCU

MC146805G2

TIMER

RAM

STACK

MONITOR ROM

TERMINAL RS-232C - PORT ..

r BAUD 1 RATES CLOCK

~ --..-. ---..,

1 HOST ,

RS-232C PORT i DEVELOPMENT I ~

I SYSTEM 1----.. L ______ -J L..-___ ~

ADDR DATA DECODE CNTL &

MAP SWITCH LOG IC

(MONITOR) (USER)

a:: c( -' a:: c( -' 0 .... .... 0 .... .... 0 c( Z 0 c( Z c( 0 0 c( 0 0 a:: a:: a:: a:: a:: a:: 0 0 0 UJ W W .... .... .... f/) fJ) fJ)

Z Z Z ;:) ;:) ;:)

0 0 0 2 2 2

I I 0....--

I I ON-CHIP EPROM PROGRAMMER

I &

READER

4FO

l~ CASSETTE

PORT

RAM STACK

USER PSEUDO

ROM

USER I/O

PORTS I

-.... --

j-------, I USER I i APPLICATION I L ______ .J

rO;TI ---,

ONAL. , AU I CAS 1_ -

010 • :E~EJ

! 1 ~ ... __ P_R_I_N_T_ER_~~---~f - O~~;N;:C-1 _ _ PORT'" ., CENTRONICS I I PRINTER I L ______ J

FIGURE 4-1. EVM Module Block Diagram

4-4

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CHAPTER 5

SUPPORT INFORMATION

5.1 INTRODUCTION

This chapter provides the interconnect signals, parts list with parts location illustration, and schematic diagram of the EVM Module.

5.2 INTERCONNECT SIGNALS

The EVM interconnects through cables wi th a terminal, a host computer, a printer, and a cassette recorder. See paragraph 2.4.5 for cassette connectors J6 and J7.

5.2.1 Terminal Port J3 Interconnect Signals

'Ibe signals at edge connector J3 on the EVM module are RS-232C compatible. Table 5-1 lists each pin connection, signal mnemonic, and signal characteristic for the connector.

PIN NUMBER

, "I .l.,~

3

4

5

6,7,8

9

10

11

12

13

14

15

16-20

TABLE 5-1. Terminal Port J3 Interconnect Signals

SIGNAL MNEMONIC

TxD

RxD

CTS

DSR

GND

DCD

SIGNAL NAME AND DESCRIPTION

TRANSMIT DATA - This line accepts input data from an RS-232C terminal device.

Not used.

RECEIVE DATA - 'nlis line transfers data to an R8-232C terminal device.

Not used.

CLEAR TO SEND - This line is held high to be compatible with terminals requiring this signal.

Not used.

DATA SET READY - 'Ibis line is held high to be compatible with terminals requiring this signal.

Not used.

SIGNAL GROUND - 'nlis line provides a common signal ground connection to the RS-232C device.

Not used.

DATA CARRIER DETECT - 'nlis line is held high to be compatible with terminals requiring this signal.

Not used.

5-1

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5.2.2 Host Port J4 Interconnect Signals

'l1h"", ~;,..,,..,.:.l~ :.-1- oA,..,o ,..."',..,.,..,.0,...-1-",1'" ,.)1 "',..,. -I-ho ~1M """,Alllo :'1"'0 oc_,>"),>" ,..."' ..... n:.-I-;hlo .&..&.,,'- 1J"'~'.I.\.4....L."" \.Aw '-""'~"'"" ",v~.u.l.'-'"''-V'" u-z ""-1.1'& '-".L'&'-" ~v,,-, "I'V",",\,A.,- \oAJ..'- ""''-'''' ~.,JL.'-' "",,VIL"~""".""''',"-.

Table 5-2 lists each pin connection, signal mnemonic, and signal characteristic for the connector.

PIN NUMBER

1,2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

10,11,12

13

14

15

16-20

TABLE 5-2. Host Port J4 Interconnect Signals

. SIGNAL MNEMONIC

TxD

RxD

RTS

CTS

GND

DCD

SIGNAL NAME AND DESCRIPTION

Not used.

TRANSMIT DATA - This line transfers data to an RS-232C modem device.

Not used.

RECEIVE DATA - This line accepts input data from an RS-232C modem device.

Not used.

REQUEST TO SEND - This output signal line requests permission from the RS-232C device to send data.

Not used.

CLEAR TO SEND - This input line grants permission to send data (see paragraph 2.3.4).

Not used.

SIGNAL GROUND - This line provides a coI11tlon signal ground connection to the RS-232C device.

DATA TERMINAL READY - This output line is held high to be compatible with devices requiring this signal.

DATA CARRIER DETECT - This input line indicates that the carrier signal has been detected (see paragraph 2.3.4) •

Not used.

5.2.3 Printer Port J9 Interconnect Signals

The signals at connector J9 are Centronics type printer compatible. Table 5-3 lists each pin connection, signal mnerronic, and signal characteristic for the connectors.

5-2

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PIN NUMBER

1-24

25,26

27

28

29

30

31

32

33

34

35

36

37

38

39

40

41,42

43

44

45,46

47

48

49-50

TABLE 5-3. Printer Port J9 Interconnect Signals

SIGNAL MNEMONIC

GND

PR7

GND

PR6

GND

PRS

GND

PR4

GND

PR3

GND

PR2

GND

PRl

GND

STB*

GND

ACK*

GND

SIGNAL NAME AND DESCRIPTION

Not used.

GROUND

PRINTER DATA line (bit 7) - One of seven output data lines to the printer.

ROUND.- PR7 signal return line.

PRINTER DATA line (bit 6) - Same as PR7, pin 27.

GROUND - PR6 signal return line.

PRINTER DATA line (bit 5) - Same as PR7, pin 27.

GROUND - PRS signal return line.

PRINTER DATA line (bit 4) - Same as PR7, pin 27.

GROUND - PR4 signal return line.

PRINTER DATA line (bit 3) - Same as PR7, pin 27.

GROUND - PRJ signal return line~

PRINTER DATA line (bit 2) - Same as PR7, pin 27.

GROUND - PR2 signal return line.

PRINTER DATA line (bit 1) - Same as PR7, pin 27.

GROUND - PRI si~l1al return line.

Not used.

DATA STROBE - A low level output signal used to strobe the data on PRI-PR7 into the printer.

GROUND - Signal return line for STB*.

Not used.

ACKNOWLEDGE An activae low level input signal indicating acceptance of the data into the printer.

GROUND - Signal return line for ACK*.

Not used.

5-3

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5.3 PARTS LIST

Table 5-4 1 ists the components of the ~VM module. '!he parts locations are illustrated in Figure 5-1. 'Ibis parts list reflects the latest issue of hardware at the time of printing.

TABLE 5-4. EVM Module Parts List

REFERENCE DESIGNATION

MOTOROLA PART NUMBER

a4-WB143BOl

CR3,CR4 4aNW9607AOl

Cl,C15,C21 23NW961aA33

C2-C14,C16-C20, 21SW992C025 C22-C45,C47-C50

C46 23NW961aA22

C51 21SW992COIO

DSI-DS4 4aNW9612A24

J1 2aNW9a02C29

J2,J5,Ja,JIO, 2aNW9a02D04 J13,Jl5-Jla

J6,J7 09NW9a03A27

Jll,J12 2aNW9a02B34

J14 2aNW9a02DOl

PI 31NW9509A27

Ql,Q3-Q6 4aNW9611AOl

Q2 4aNW9610AOl

Rl,R13,R14, 06SW-124A37 Rl5,Rl7

R2 51NW9626A92

R3,RB 06SW-124A89

R4 06SW-124A97

R5 06SW-124A81

R6 ,R25 ,R37 ,R39 06SW-124A65

DESCRIPTION

printed wiring board

Rectifier, 1N4001

Capacitor, electrolytic, 22 uF @ 25 Vdc

Capacitor, fixed, ceramic, 01 uF @ 50 Vdc

Capacitor, electrolytic, 50 uF @ 16 Vdc

capacitor, fixed, cer~~ic, 470 pF @ 50 Vdc

Diode, light emitting, red

Header, double row post, 4 pin

Header, single row post, 3 pin

Jack, phone, subminiature, 2 contact

Header, double row post, 16 pin

Header, double row post, 2 pin

Terminal block, 7 position, screw contact

Transistor, 2N4403

Transistor, 2N4401

Resistor, fixed, film, 330 ohm, 5%, 1/4 W

Resistor network, 5/39k ohm

Resistor, fixed, film, 47k ohm, 5%, 1/4 W

Resistor, fixed, film, lOOk ohm, 5%, 1/4 W

Resistor, fixed, film, 22k ohm, 5%, 1/4 W

Resistor, fixed, film, 4.7k ohm, 5%, 1/4 W

5-4

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TABLE S-4. EVM Module Parts List (cont'd)

REFERENCE MOTOROLA DE8IGNATION PART NUMBER DESCRIPTION

R7,R16 SlNW9626A46 Resistor network, S/4.7k ohm

R9,R18,R19, 06SW-124A41 Resistor, fixed, fibn, 470 ohm, S%, 1/4 W R33,R38

Rl1 SlNW9626A37 Resistor network, 9/10k ohm

R12 SlNW9626A93 Resistor network, 7/470 ohm

R20 06SW-124A32 Resistor, fixErl , fibn, 200 ohm, S%, 1/4 W

R21 06SW-124A69 Resistor, fixErl, film, 6.8k ohm, S%,_ 1/4 W

R23 06SW-124A77 Resistor, fixed, film, lSk ohm, S%, 1/4 W

R24,R32 068W-124A49 Resistor, fixErl, . film, 1.0k ohm, S~ 0, 1/4 W

R26 06SW-124A60 Resistor, fixErl, film, 3.0k ohm, S~ 0, 1/4 W

R27 068W-124A71 Resistor, fixErl, film, 8.2k ohm, 5~ 0, 1/4 W

R28 068W-124A44 Resistor, fixErl , film, 620 ohm, S~ 0, 1/4 W

R29 06SW-124A42 Resistor, fixErl, film, S10 ohm, S~ 0, 1/4 W

R30 068W-124A20 Resistor, fixErl, film, 62 ohm, S%, 1/4 W

R31 06SW-124A7S Resistor, fixErl , film, 12k ohm, S%, 1/4 W

81,82,8S 40NW9801AS4 SWi tch, pushbutton, 8POT

83,84 40NW980lB33 SWitch, slide, DPDT

Ul,U14, SlNW961SC22 I.C. 8N74LS08N U19,U46

U2,U4 SlNW961SB94 I.C. MC68S0P

U3 SlNW961SB30 I.C. MC1489AL

US,US2 SlNW961SE88 I.C. 8N74LSI0N

U6,U44,US3 SlNW961SE9l I.C. 8N74LSOON

U7 SlNW961SE72 I.C. MC14S83CP

U8,UI0,U32 SlNW961SF02 I.C. 74LS244N

U9 SlNW961SB27 I.C. MC6821P

S-S

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T~.BLE 5-4. BlM Module Parts List (cont'd)

REFERENCE MOTOROLA DESIGNATION PART NUMBER DESCRIPTION

UII,USI SINWJ6ISE89 I.C. SN74LS260N

UI2,U31,U48 SINWJ6ISF76 I.C. SN74LSIIN

Ul3 SINWJ6ISH50 I.C. SC82027P

UIS SlNWJ6lSB29 I.C. MCl488L

U16,U36 SlNWJ6lSC20 I.C. SN74LS02N

UI7,U40,U43 SlNWJ6lSC21 I.C. SN74LS04N

Ul8 SlNWJ6lSCS6 I.C. 74S08N

U20 SINWJ6ISE99 I.C. SN74LS374N

U21 SINWJ6ISE96 I.C. SN74LS24SN

U22 SINW9615G98 I.C. SC89146P

T I" "l (See note) I.C. programmed OJ&...J

U24 SINWJ6ISE80 I.C. MCM68BIOP

U25,U26 (See note) I.C. programmed

U27,U28 SlNWJ6lSHS9 I.C. HM5116P-4

U29 SlNVB6lSE77 I.C. SN74LS27N

U30,U49 SlNWJ6lSF38 I.C. SN74LS393N

U33 51NWJ61SM97 I.C. MC74HC374N

U34,U3S,U41 SlNVB6lSC24 I. C. SN74LS32N

U37,U42, SINW96ISC2S I.C. SN74LS74N U4S,U47

U38,U39 SINW96ISH51 I.C. SYP6S22

USO SIN\\96ISBSI I.C. MCl4024BCP

US4 SINW96ISM96 I.C. ftC74HCU04N

USS SINW96ISE93 I.C. SN74LSl4N

VRl 48NW9608Al4 Diode, zener, INS244B

VR2 48NW9608A06 Diode, zener, IN963B

5-6

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TABLE 5-4. EVM Module Parts List (cont'd)

REFERENCE MOTOROLA DES I GNAT I 00 PARI' NUMBER DESCRIPTION

Yl 48NW9606A32 Crystal, 4.0 MHz

09NW98llAl5 Socket, OIL, 24 pin (use at U24-U28)

09NW98llA39 Socket, OIL, 40 pin (use at XU57)

09NW98llA2l Socket, OIL, 28 pin (use at U23)

09NW9811A38 Socket, OIL, 28 pin (used at XU56)

09NW9811A22 Socket, OIL, 40 pin (use at U13, U38, U39)

29NW9805B17 Jumper, shorting (use at JI, J2, J5, J8, JIO, JII, J12, J13, JI5-JI8)

NarE: When ordering, use number labeled on part.

5.4 SCHEMATIC DIAGRAM

Figure 5-2 illustrates the schematic diagram for the EVM module.

5-7

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EI £4 ---. ___________________ 1

FIGURE 5-1. EVM Module Parts Location

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7

D

c

..

B

A

7

6 NOTES:

I. FOR REFERENCE DRAWINGS REFER TO BILLCS) OF MATERIAL 01-W314JB01

2. UNLESS OTHERWISE SPECIFIED: ALL RESISTORS ARE IN OHMS. ± 5PCT. 1/4 WATT. ALL CAPACITORS ARE IN UFo ALL VOLTAGES ARE DC.

3. INTERRUPTED LINES CODED WITH THE SAME LETTER OR LETTER COMBINATIONS ARE ELECTRICALLY CONNECTED.

&DEVICE TYPE NUMBER IS FOR REFERENCE ONL Y. THE NUMBER VARIES WITH THE MANUFACTURER

5. SPECIAL SYMBOL USAGE: * DENOTES - ACTIVE LOW SIGNAL. S. INTERPRET DIAGRAM IN ACCORDANCE

WITH AMERICAN NATIONAL STANDARDS INSTITUTE SPECIFICATIONS, CURRENT REVISION.

&. PART TYPES ARE ABBREVIATED IN THE FIELD OF THE DRAWING, FOR FULL PART TYPE. REFER TO TABLE I.

B. I INDICA TES EQUIPMENT MARKING. 9. CODE FOR SHEET TO SHEET REFERENCES

IS AS FOLLOWS: J A§ SHEET ~ZONE

TABLE 1 &

REF TYPE~ GND +5V +12V -:-12V DES

J.1.l ~4l..S1fld 7 14 U2 MC6~0 I 12 U3 MC1489A 7 14

JJA M~ 1 12 ' l'-5 74L~ ~ 14 llS 74J.....Sia ~ 14 U7 MCI458~ ~ 16 U8 74LS244 10 20 U9 MC6~1 1 20 UI0 74LS~44 10 20 UJI 141 ~?SCIJ ~ 14 UI2 741.SJI L 14 U13 MC146S05G2 2.S 40 ----

·U14 74LS0S I 14 UI5 MCL4Jla I 14 1 U16 74L.S02 7 14 U17 74LS04 I 14 U18 14S1I_8 ~ 14 U19 741.S"e 7 14 U20 74l.S314 10 29 U21 74L.S245 10 29 U22 74LS373 HI) 29 U23 82S103 14 28 U24 ...... I 24 U25 MCM2116 12 24 U26 MCM2716 12 24 U27 HM6116 12 24 U28 HM6116 12 24 U29 74L.S27 7 14

J.Lla 74LS~93 7 14 UJI 74LSJI 7 14 U32 74LS244 11 20

~ 74HC374 10 20 U34 74LSJ2 7 14 ~ 74LS32 7 14

6

REF DES

U36 U.:U U38 U3~

U4J! U41 U42 U43 U44 U45 U46 U47 U48 U49

U5' U51 U52 U53 U54 U55

XU56 XU51

5 4 3

D C2 C3 CS C1 IC8 IC9 IClll IC11 ICI2' ICI3"ICI4 IC16 IC4

~ 15V

~1 ~I ~I ~I ~1 ~1 ~1 ~I ~I ~1 ~I ~1 ~1

> Pl-~ +1~V ~ 112V + IC21 ICls

C l}22 ~I 25V

) P)-5 -12V ~ 12V

leI IC17

+ 5V lj22 ~I > PI-7 -I~V

~ 18V IC45

T·1

\l

~ P)-

1-

TABLE I.CONToD &

TYPE & GND +5V 1+ 5VPR

74LSGJ2 7 14 1~LSI4A 7 14 SYP6522 1 20 SYP6522 I 211 YI 741LSGJ4 7 14 74LS32 7 14 XU57 XUI THRU

XU55 74LS74A 7 14 74LSGJ4 7 14 74LSIIJ9 7 14

74l.S74A 7 14 ~ 74LSIIJ8 7 14

74L.S74A 7 14 74LSII 7 14

VR2 U55 S~

R39 R10,R15,R22 •. R34.R35,R36

Q5 E4

B

74LS393 7 14 PI MC14024 7 14 DS4 74LS260 7 14 74LSI0 7 14 74LSII 7 14

741-1CUIIJ4 7 14

J 18 CR4 CRI,CR2 CS0

HIGHEST 141.514 7 14 NUMBER NOT USED - 14 28 L~ ;1\1=. J USED

(~l ;1\1=. ) 20 41 REFERENCE DESIGNA TIONS

5 t FIGURE 5-2. EVM Module Schematic Diagram (Sheet 1 of 7)

63DW3143B REV B SH 1 OF 7+ <:III7Rr:-1

A

5-9/5-10

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7 6 5

D 4 U518 U52A NCP-NC NCV-NC 10 NC NC NC

NC 1 NC NC

I Ul1A NCP- UIA NC LS08 NC I NC NC =i[}-L NC I NC NC NC -

U31C UI8 -.~ 9 I LSI1 LS08

~g 3Ji )-L- NC NC=1LY-NC NC

R2E 39K

-12V~NC U6B U12A LS00

~g =Ai LSI1 4

C )1L- NC NC~NC NC

R12G U6C 470 U12C LS00

+12V~NC NC -m LSll

)-L- NC NC~ NC 1 NC NC 1 NC

U6D RI6C U3i8 LS60 4700 ~g =i1

LSIl NC bu-- NC )-L- NC +5~NC NC 1 .. U29B U31A

NC~ NC~ R16A NC 12 NC 4700 NC NC

+5~NC NC NC

II"',.,,"" U35C VL~'" NCV gLS32

RI6B \lC 10 NC NC~NC ~

NC 1 NC

+5 1.3 NC U53A

U53C LS00 LS00 NC~ 'A~ .' .. ' NC NC NC _ 1 NC

B U348 LS.32

NC~NC NC

NOT USED

A 7 6 5

4 3

0

Jl-17 J9-1 NC ( NC ) NC Jl-18 ( J9-2 ) NC

U36C NC Jl-19 ( NC J9-3 )

~ NC Jl-,2 ( NC J9-4 )

NC I JI-23 ( J9-5 -7 NC NC NC NC

JI-24 ( J9-6 ) NC NC NC J9-7 )

UI6C NC J3-1 ) NC J9-8 )

~ J3-2 J9-9

NC NC ) NC )

NC - NC NC J3-4 ) NC J9-10 ) NC J3-6 ) NC

J9-11 " I

NC J3-7 ) NC J9-12 ) NC J3-8 ) NC J9-13 )

U168 NC J3-1~ ) NC J9-14 )

~ J3-1, ) J9-15

NC NC NC ) NC NC NC J3-14 ) NC J9-16 ) C

NC J3-16 ) J9-17 ) NC NC J3-17 ) NC J9-18 ) NC J~-18 ) NC ~9-19 ) NC J3-19 ) J9-,0 ) NC NC J~-~'2 ) NC J9-21 )

J9-22 NC ) NC J4-1 ) NC J9-23 ) NC ~4-2 ) NC J9-Z4 ) NC J4-4 ) JQ-41 " NC

J4-6 J9-42 j

NC ) NC ) NC J4-~ ) NC J9-45 ) NC J4-10 ) NC J9-46 ) NC ~4-11 ) J9-49 ) NC NC J4-12 ) NC J9-5'2 ) NC J1-16 ) NC J4-17 ) NC J4-1§ )

J4-1~ NC )

NC ~4-2~ )

U52C alSte)

NC 8 NC NCI!L)L-

HC

t

B

63DW31438 REV 8 SH 2 OF A FIGURE 5-2. EVM fwt>du1e Schematic Diagram (Sheet 2 of 7)

5-11/5-12

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o

6C3

6C3

6D3

4B3

6C3

6C3

6C3

C 4D7

7

UPD0 .. UPD) .. UPB0-UP83 '4 PRCLK "-

UPA0-UPA7 , 8 "-

UPD3 ~

UPD2 -

6

'PROGl J)~

+SVPR

R39 4700

5

+SVPR

R37 4700

~ L)" RESET* 3·2~)~-----=~~~------~------------------------------------~

'PROGl J)!.

4

+SVPR

R25 4700

~ "'.l. VALID DATA* 3·2~1~--~~~~~~----~~-----------------------------------+--------------------------~~

ADDRH ,4

CLOCK

ADDR CG2) , 8 , XU57

VALID ADDR , 3 (MCI468705G~)?A "i"U;.:P-,:,A~0_---:I=-=--t PA 0 PC0 ~

UPA2 E 6

3

o

UPC0-UPC2 .'-... 8 , c TSC (F2)!' UP Al I PAl PClm=27

.DA T A ( ADDRL F21,B 1"'.~llJP:-O:A~J=----~E PA 2 PC2 ~~~~--.-~----~~------------------~~~~~~~~~~--~----------~,,-~----------~ 1"'.~lJP~,A~4~-~7~PA3 PC3~24~~~

XU56 ",,'~;'::'~-9AA~~ ___ {lIf-I~~i ~girit- NC

7

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FIGURE 5-2. EVM r-bdule Schematic Diagram (Sheet 7 of 7)

5-21/5-22

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APPENDIX A

S-RECORD OUTPUT FORMAT

The S-record format for output modules was devised for the purpose of encoding programs or data files in a printable format for transportation between computer systems. '!be transportation process can thus be visually monitored and the S-records can be more easily edited.

S-RECORD CONTENT

When ,viewed by the user, S-records are essentially character strings made of several fields which identify the record type, record length, memory address, cooejoaca, and checksum. Each byte of binary data is encoded as a L-cnaracter hexadecimal number: the first character representing the high-order 4 bits, and the second the lo~rder 4 bits of the byte.

'!be 5 fields which comprise an S-record are shown below:

+--------+---------------+-------------+-----------------------+------------+ I type I record length I address I code/data I checksum I +--------+---------------+-------------+-----------------------+------------+

where the fields are composed as follows:

PRINTABLE FIELD CHARACTERS

type 2

record length 2

address LL k_ or 8 ~, v,

code/data 0-2n

checksum 2

CONTENTS

S-record type SO, Sl, etc.

'!be count of the character pai rs in the record, excluding the type and record length.

'!he 2- , 3- , or 4-byte address at which the data field is to be loaded into memory.

From ° to n bytes of executable code, memory­loadable data, or descriptive information. For compatibility with teletypewriters, some programs may limit the number of bytes to as few as 28 (56 printable characters in the S-record).

'!be least significant byte of the one's complement of the sum of the values represented by the pairs of characters making up the record length, address, and the code/data fields.

Each record may be terminated with a CR{LF/NULL. Additionally, an S-record may have an initial field to accommodate other data such as line numbers generated by some time-sharing systems.

Accuracy of transmission is ensured by the record length (byte count) and checksum fields.

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S-RECORD TYPES

F.iaht tvnes of S-records hnve been defined to nccommodnte the severnl needs of --J--- -~ ... --- -- - -------.- ----.- ------ -------- -- ---------------- ---- -- ... ----- -----.- --

the encoding, transportation, and decoding functions. '!he various Motorola upload, download, and other record transportation control programs, as well as cross assemblers, linkers, and other file-creating or debugging programs, utilize only those S-records which serve the purpose of the program. For specific information on which S-records are supported by a particular program, the user's manual for that program must be consulted. The EVM monitor supports only the Sl and S9 records. All data before the first Sl record is ignored. Thereafter, all records must be Sl type until the S9 record terminates data transfer.

An S-record-format module may contain S-records of the following types:

SO The header record for each block of S-records. The code/data field may contain any descriptive information identifying the following block of S-records. The address field is normally zeroes.

Sl A record containing code/data and the 2-byte address at which the code/data is to reside.

S2 A record containing code/data and the 3-byte address at which the code/data is to reside.

S3 A record containing code/data and the 4-byte address at which the code/data is to reside.

S5 A record containing the number of Sl, S2, and S3 records transmitted in a particular block. This count appears in the address field. There is no code/data field.

S7 A termination record for a block of S3 records. The address field may optionally contain the 4-byte address of the instruction to which control is to be passed. There is no code/data field.

S8 A termination record for a block of S2 records. The address· field may optionally contain the 3-byte address of the instruction to which control is to be passed. There is no code/data field.

S9 A termination record for a block of Sl records. The address field may optionally contain the 2-byte address of the instruction to which control is to be passed. If not specified, the first entry point specification encountered in the object module input will be used. There is no code/data field.

Only one termination record is used for each block of S-records. S7 and S8 records are usually used only when control is to be passed to a 3- or 4-byte address. Normally, only one header record is used, although it is possible for multiple header records to occur.

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CREATION OF S-RECORDS

S-record-format programs may be produced by several dump utilities, debuggers, or several cross assemblers or cross linkers.

Several programs are available for downloading a file in S-record format from a host system to an 8-bi t microprocessor-based or a 16-bi t microprocessor-based system.

EXAMPLE

Shown below is a typical S-record-forrnat module, as printed or displayed:

S006000048445218 Sl130000285F245F2212226AO00424290008237C2A Sl1300100002000800082629001853812341001813 Sl13002041E900084E42234300182342000824A952 S107003000144ED492 S9030000FC

The module consists of one SO record, four Sl records, and an S9 record.

The SO record is comprised of the following character pairs:

SO

06

00 00

48

S-record type SO, indicating that it is a header record.

Hexadecimal 06 (decimal 6), indicating that six character pairs (or ASCII bytes) follow.

Four-character 2-byte address field, zeroes in this example.

44 ASCII H, D, ap.d R - "HOR". 52

18 The checksum.

The first Sl record is explained as follows:

Sl S-record type Sl, indicating that it is a code/data record to be loaded/verified at a 2-byte address.

13 Hexadecimal 13 (decimal 19), indicating that 19 character pairs, representing 19 bytes of binary data, follow.

00 Four-character 2-byte address field; hexadecimal address 0000, where 00 the data which follows is to be loaded.

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The next 16 character pairs of the first Sl record are the ASCII bytes of the actual program code/data" In this asse!1lbly language example i t.'I1e hexadecimal opcodes of the program are written in sequence in the code/data fields of the Sl records:

OPCODE

28 5F 24 5F 22 12 22 6A 00 04 24 29 00 08 23 7C

INSTRUCTION

BHCC $0161 BCC $0163 BHI $0118 BHI $0172 BRSET 0,$04,$012F BHCS $OlOD BR8ET 4,$23,$018C

(The balance of this code is continued in the code/data fields of the remaining 81 records, and stored in memory location 0010, etc.)

2A The checksum of the first Sl record.

The second and third 81 records each also contain $13 (19) character pairs and are ended with checksums 13 and 52, respectively. The fourth Sl record contains 07 character pairs and has a checksum of 92.

The 89 record is explained as follows:

89

03

00 00

FC

S-record type 89, indicating that it is a termination record.

Hexadecimal 03, indicating that three character pairs (3 bytes) follow.

The address field, zeroes.

The checksum of the 89 record.

Each printable character in an 8-record is encoded in hexadecimal (ASCII in this example) representation of the binary bits which are actually transmitted. For example, the first 81 record above is sent as:

L-~--- --~~----:;=-------l--------::'~;'-;:----------------- -- J

~l' 1 "~~;~ ~ .01 ••• oo~l

A-4

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