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Made in China Farming Tigers to Extinction A £l .... , Wood ro. Animal. and Pm pk

Made in China FarmingTigers to Extinction · Table of Contents Listof Tables • •" a.-nooof_lo"""'"CN.. 2,O-'_d_lI)< oI __.....1o Guong>l ..... lV. TIgO

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Made in ChinaFarming Tigers to Extinction

QIFAW~A £l...., Wood ro. Animal. and Pmpk

....~ "*"". - _ ..-

n..r. ...... _Ill In"",__ It ........... 10......... _1ntigoIorpoodoctl 100000_IM__al.'-wbo.' 1_",Ig"" ~... 1M rig r ..~ on e-_IM__._•••• 101 ChIno.. public.. DIo.ctfko=- ' ,~"-__• __'_"'_IM"""_

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f ••' ... e-IIl,t. ' ..__ l ' .10 _

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; I _1M 1••111 t ..,alfe...

~­-------f1goorw In 1M _ '."_-..~ wI...ito , _ wildpi.....~ 111M lOp of IIlI__n, • _1lII. tigoIor~.~ "II..... Irod_ .n..,OIptam In baI.o.- _._101lor h__other Ilk lorm• . PtoIaeti"ll~ .,,*,,"'.Iy~'" ru_l"lllondacljllfo INII pt<>vId. d1_ .nr Inrl,..1_)'SI_ ..rvIc.. for 1M conti""'" ptoopoo1ly .nr1lI"*"opm.n' of tIiIH ron"" eountrl.. In~I• . fI""ro ................tlon.,.pen...nllpocln .nd It eol" lor ....ntlnu.d._",.r • lona period 10 .hICk I.... ",lllln. Ih"'''' ond ~.....nt _om ."'*"lIlng. fl.... comlnuld ",11_ In "'II worldrwqul...1 • "tronliI.lII.nco _ .omml_ from Ih•............lIlon com......nlty .nd world hoi.......

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Table of Contents List of Tables

••

" a.-noo of_lo""" '" CN..

2,O-'_d_lI)< oI__...... 1o Guong>l ......__

"

lV. TIgO<f o"". .... _ TIgor '_ •'. ' _ ,, _ _ "0- ••.e.__.. ,

..._....... ,H ...... _ ,.,-._- "u,,_ _ ....- 1J

'.'''''"'.._-..... "......_----- ,.•• _ _ 00 - ,.u_.. ..U' "'$_ ... '"" - "- "-"- - ,.V........ . ...._ •.-0••'.. ..VI. ,_ ,.-..__ ""lI"'_ "' C,*", """ ........_. ,.., ..

'. _ "0- ...._.._-- ..VII, "*'-'.... .,..__ _...... - '"• ._ _ _ ... . . .. tf

, '...__ ... ..0-'. __ ........-_ __ _-_._-_.._- ........-------- -- ........---_.. ........_. .. -- "VII. Conduo_ ••

"

"

"

,

,

"

,

"

..

",~""_ln __01""'"

S,~n_ ..nn ....................

• . oI__ ot _ _ ....__ "' C.... , ""-2OOlI

3. _ of__......_in .... O_ZhuMg 4,',,,,,,,..... R1to""

"'~""""' ''' non_'- 01_

I ,TIgor"""" ......_onC_..... _

"' _ of__......__......,... g · .... ,.,..,

..TIgor _ ..._oncr.- _

•••••••••

•. _ " "'1110_. ... _.._---_........U _

..__-"."''''''-..__ __.._---..__ __ '$--._-,....._ _--.._--

IX.•", " ,...,_. ,"

I. IntroductionTh<"",,.~"" J'O""' , """"" ...-_, ThO~ "' . _ "' Chiooo< ...".",.,.,. ...... Kino of ..._,- "' """" ........ "'" off""" " ~"" "''''''''''_"'''''''' 00 "' __

____...0..- _ ... "P', """" """" _CbiDoo< "'"""'" ""' .'01_""""' ......porn of ...""""",, _ . .. ti>< "'""""'" ""' ""'....,.,.....,. ..... _ "", ........ "" .... """""

... """"'" """'...-

...... """" ............. , """"' ....-,. .. T.-wa.....-...(I'CM)._ "' .....__

.. ... ..... ""'"""" of,_.... .. Th< """""'" _of porn., TCM """""""' ....

_ .......... __ J'O""' .... _ """"""",. """""""""" """'" """",of ... _ .. bod!...... _ ..__.,.. .... """'"~'__h "" .... porn

""'~...., .._.__"""' ....._o/_.....""'" _N"" ...._ 0/ ~ ,.,;.) """"'" -. """"""" ... _ n-__ ...~ _ b«""'..- t_,,"" ,...-.,.....;..,._ _0000 ....- ,.,;....,."......)._.-.."' ",- "'''''''''' _ ''' '''...... """""'"-. ~.... ' "'" "''''''''Tho """" (_...., ..._ "' N _ 1..5- _ _ ,.,;.) . ,.,.. " . "" ...

,_ -.. _ ) 7 J6-' Z25 """"" .... _ ,.,;. "' j ..~, .." ''''' on<!""""""' _ _ l _"" ""', (0<'" in__, ..._.- _ Th<

""""" _0/ """'" '" _ ......,)

... """ ""Ii< """0000 _""....__ of...., ""'" Nooo. ......... """ . "" "" .....of . ..... _of",...... _" _ , .. , ..._ """"'" ""'"__ ChiN. ""_ ~.

Th< _0000 ...... _ '" "''''_..... _,

Th<"'" -"' ''' '"""" , -. ""~ (EN) _of "" "'" IVC.>; 1W 1m of",""""",__ -. .... 1 .., _"'""' ......... "" ........... ~"..,..,........ e.;,;",u,~(O)',

Th<"'" . ...... .. .......,... , of ....~ ...""""'""'" T_ " : ":':: ':' :"~,....... of ""il<! F..... .... """(CITES).""" _ """"'""'" """ of .. """ .... """"""" "" ~ ,"" _ -... "'""',-."""""".. '...._ _of"" ......., ..... _,

"""'"' _ _ ......- ..... "'............ ......._ .."""'" "" ""'"""""'......- _ of """" """ ''''''' _ .. .... """"'..,............, of", "" , ..J_ """"""," .. __..-.........." , --- -- - _ _ ......

~.....,...._..... ..._ ' -..:-... ""-C ' ' .....--,T. • , """'-'~ ........ ....._ ......._ .. "",,__. "" ""'J'---' ....... e

_ ""'"'''''''''' _ ..._of _ " .. """. _ of ,""" ....

.. ..-' """"" tho< ..."""""" of .... .... , " _ of r-o« roo """ .. '" """ '""

-"'''''IF.'W........ """"""'" "".....,.,..,. .........._of ,.... ., Chino Thi>"""" """""""' ...-.,..of . ... _ ..=._ _ ..""' ""', ""_......,... ""' _of """""~ _a..-- ."'" _ _~

_ porn -...... "" "'_of "'"......_of """" "'_of ... """"' _ ..-"""""""'_ ""

"""'''' .... '''m'''''''''''' O''-_ =_II. Methodology1. Field investigation into tiger farms1. 2005. fFAW """""""' . ... .... "'m.. ... ..... of """ ..__.... "'""" ...

~ ........ _ , _ _ .... _ """_... ..G.Mo .. ""' .... """' .,=,A1 ..=._""""""""""' .._ .... """"'__ Wb«<_p1...... "', , _-1._fFAW_"""' ~_O"""' Io< _""""....... _ ..... """"' ri""...._""O/""""'_S H-..._ .._., ....... """"""""' ...""""" .."""" H_ ..... ..~

2. Interviews with local people close to the trade

Qo<_ _ """" .. , of 71 """" _ _ ..... """""" .. """" """ ,""" , _ """"". ""

_bod"""' """""" .. "" """"",,,__....... """of ... ""' """ """",."...

"'- ..""---3. Investigation of the on-line tiger trade

IF,'W-.... "'_ """" .. """"""'''''''''' J-.= ............... .-....,of_..........."" "" """"" .. '"""' """' ..... """ " _ of "'"__...,........., .. ,__~ ....... of _ """" " """" """ _ _ ......." _"" .. ""'""'" mod< """' ........................._6<Jd.. ...... _"""""~""""'_~ .._ _ ... """ _

4. Policy and literature review

n,'w .........,. ' _ .......,.of _ do,"_".... · " __"" """""'__"-'-..... _0/ ..... .....,..... .... ..........., _of ..... """,.,Qioo.

•. '-......<ao_,_ .._ ...... '...... ,~_

,

III. Policy Review

1. l..egisl.:u:i\·( framework for regulating m.de in tiger and tigerpam

..._--- - '-"'-'-"-"'--__._,.. an:t c .. ... _«>01') ...... ~"__'_'_. _.. '_._ aru_ .-'10_ ... II I ' ... • . _

...- .. .--_.._-- ..-'- . -­--_..._.._... -----____''lo0006oo._''_''_''' _- . - ....... .....,.-__...__ 4. '

Qooo_ ' _ . .. _ ' __._.CITf:J .._.....___Qooo ..... _ ....._._~_(fOI)_."".-...._~. __...-. ... ...lOI,..... '.. ... ...._-_---__100 ... -..- ' ...._-_.....____.c-. _ .."""" _ ...--.,... .... -.. • •0-, _ _ .. _ .. ""'__...-_ _----~,..,- .-,--_ ........-"' __.._._-.. _"'- - ' --____ _ _ _ ' J,

""- __"'doow-"'_-"",'" _ ('fA). I ...... _ _ ,_ "' ....

- ",_ _ ,_ '. .."_ "" _ ..."-<"'C).~ .. ""......., _ __a .. """"'11 i '

.... """" MJ-,~. _ "."_·_i>..[DJ1J '0) '"'.....- 27. ,..,1 . .. ... """'"_ _ ... ,,""'.......__..._ ,.... 1' _ ...__ _oi . _ .. _ .. ..._ ,_..'"""_ _ ~,

T._.........._ ......._..__........_... ....e-_.._ __ _ _. <:rm:I ...- _ _ ". :.-..-.-'- oi ... """*'_ ..

,.......-------- --_._----_..-"'-"'-""'-""'"::"'1'0"''''__'''''':.'. _ ,..~.._ ..... _.-..-~ __.._..._~__..__'_1_..·....__....._._ ~._-'-_-.-..._,,~-_ ...u._'~__..."'_...~-_ .....- _-_.._---~_..__.__....._----_ -..--..~--_ ....._..~ _.... ~..._.._~.- ....­~_._._---_ .... ....•

'-' •• of ... ..,..,.,oI an.s_(OftOl. ,_...- 01ES_ ... .. CITf:J_~

_ ............ , q _ (ood._o- l .._~_- .._-_ ~ ", .............- ..~.~ _....._..-. _ ..__ c "' ...__ _ .._: of_...-_.. joI_....--.....~e:-.. ..__.........cnN, _0-,"',_, '__ 11< 4 "

........,.__...__ ... ' I t __.. ..__

......._---_...-.._----------_...,.,...Qooo : ........ ...._ i t __

.. - .. ... _ .. ' .. ........arn. ...._.-_ ...-: ._...__ .._---_.2. ~SIaID'C' framework for regulating tiger domesticationand breeding

......"' .._--' - ' , -_._----_ .__ ' -_-""''-'_1 ..._ ..I ...__ I_.. ..__ OAJC",n '" ... •• • .-, _

__......._ _ "." 1_.... I"'.. •..0-1_---""""'--"--""-"'-... __' ..,...., ',""" A """'_ , __.._...,_.__.- .--.. - '_ "' ..._ ..0-" (PI<'l" ""' "'" "' . ..-A """ .. '""' .. _ ...._...._..__ _~.

3. l .egi sl anve framework for reg ula tingregist ration and production of medicineand to nics

_._-~.._.._.-_._-_.._..-.._,.~ -.----~.._.._~.-.,,_ ... ~ -.-.......~.._.._~_...._..~ --..... ~.._'.-~_ _~'--'._..._.~ __.._ '-._..-.. _ .. ' _-_..-• • __ t . ._.._ ~ _ .... ~.._.._~.-...._~_._-...._ __...._, .._e_,_ _ .,.- -.--_ ..._- _..- ......-._ -._. . .. . --_..-

I......,_.__...__.-

..... "' ......"'"""~_ ." _ ""'_""_ _ ........ _ ...a-,_ """"'" "' "" ' "',''' """' "'2002.""'" _ ...-- "".. """ ori.. ..'" "',," _ -' """ """'" ",""_01",, . .... -"" _ .......

-~'" ,"""'_ __"' ....,....,,,.,,.....a- """" ......._ ...&_ T_~ .. .....,.,._ ... ,""'''''' .._ ........."'''''''_ ........ .. "''aw-_In'''"',..~_.. _'''''' .......-'-""-- '"'-' ..--""'"-"""-""",,,,"""""" """"""" """" """"""'" "'"" ""......Tho"""_ """"' .. , _ _"'.. "'_"'"'"""......... ""'" """ "" """' "'" """"'" "' """ """" """" ........- """ "',""""'"of ..-.... WoO aoo..

~~"'_ '''\ j_, k--. . ....... s.." """"~

,"".......--00""""..._-_ ............ "'...... """""""iD ...

~""-­_""__of

eNY "" _ (US! ,",'

- "-,.,.....""......... ......... "" "" ......."' .. """",,,"""­eo..m,.-., . _ '''''''''....~_ Th< _.._..... "''''-'..""""""-'""'"...........~-,Q..Y

7,' _(US! ....' 1'1_.... "'i«"' ''' "" SFA iD2002.""""..., "",,~N' _ .._"""" ."",,".,""-,.,.""""'"_,-="" """"' .... th<.x,."""'""" _""_ ..............._.............-1. Evolution of egee farms in China

'0 CbN," """ ....... "'" _ ..... _ ..... _ ' 00"""'", "''''' -..""" 50.... ...,... '"

... ... _ .. CI>in«.. ""'"""" """""....,._""'_ "'""'.. "'"_"""'" _ .. """"" M,.......

.... '-PD~" ~«XI ....." r;,.""" ........_ .._-.""""' "' _..........""""'---""' ...."...."',..,..,.-......-. ..

IV. Tiger Farms and Illegal Tiger Trade

""" ... ,..,-"""'-- ...._ -...... ..... .."..,.,."""' ...- ......""""""" ""..__....__....-... __..__ro.ThdiO<N>OlCbmoo<_(SJl='l)_ro._Tho~-'_"' ....... _MDo,__"'_""""""" .............. ""-"""""--

In CbN, """""" _ .. _ ""'" '" _ ... "" "'" ""'" -'"""_ I'HMl, """"""_

-----_.._--"""""'''''~I", __.. __ •_.<=ifi<_-' .. ..__""""""'" """""' ... (JI----hool"'l.,. "" lob<l", ...-""00<1 ..""""

_ •..- '" __ ...""_'" """" .... _ .... . """" """""l' _<000"00 ""lob<!

10 -..__ "'~ IFAW..,,., .. 200S.;ID6 2WI_. """"" ........ r....._ "' ,"' """'_"""'.,....,_ )"'_"""""1___'"u".A,""'."";". "" ....om).

D<opi«-_ ...._""""'"'_ _--_..._""" ......_...,. ..._..""-"'_ .,. - ~"""""", -"'_ a.iN; _ '" _ ........".., '" """"""' """"""" " , _ ... , .... , DO """'.«<..-1 ....__.. th<......mq, "'_ .....

"""_..cm;s""_.- ... ,..,_""" .......""_~"",biDoo<_.....-_,rlf""' ........ ."..... _ .......""__Thorlf""' ......"'"" ..._......._"""""'"'"~ ,-.-.- ...._--"' .......... _ .. TC.. TUI"""""'......u-. .............. .. , """" ""' ............ ,,,,,,,,.,..,. ..__""'"'" <f6co<y" _ . A ....... ,...,., 'J1lM1'IC

"""-'-' ""........ _ """''''__ "" "' .... """"""""_ "" TClIt---"' -.-._ _.".....-"'......-... -...."...."' ... """ ......,

" ..,' ,~_,_ "" ", _-..... t_ "'-"1 11,_.~,._, ... , . """, ' _ .. a- ' , ............. .. ,.., _ _ ..... ""me--..tm.'_--e.r"""",-, 4 ~W"."'__"""'",, _ 1 ' ''' .... . "'"__........_'. _

"tm>_""""", .. ...... 1

'" 2002. '""'" """" Coo«p<~ .. """""--.=bIiobo1 "" "EI""" 'O'iIdIik _ ....__ c....... .. a.;",..,...., _-.-.. (:t lta----o..."v. .... "'" """"", To """"""__.-..._.. Thoilond 'OO_....._'~""''''''''_ .Th< _....,_ ...'dO ","'" "'" _ ................. """""""" _ c...I"""", .._ '.'0.."" _ '"""

.-,....... ,.~)

"'-------' _,.......". _'."'"- ------' _,.......''''_ -~"'""..... .. ,.~)

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CI'l'E.'l c " "'--' .. _ _'I'l-knd_ .,poudooz b.-.- _ ".n.. " .,. ....__""' SFA_......

_ n.. _~"!""""' _......,.<>IIod n. c....... """".,. "'"'- T.....~.....__.-;., .... u ...... ""' _ ............... oO. .... .....".

2.1 Nurnberof cigcr.;

2. Current status of selected tiger farms

"' _.."., '-"""'_ """ n~'__ OOO "-"-'_"' ~_ a..- ., ........ _ _ 711 ....._~_ "' ..-....... """"' 1OO ~ _ , " j b~

"' .,. _ ..,.,.... ., ..... ......, _ .... ...... ........., ....... '" 100""""'"

.. ..~ ..........., ..~""' '''''''''''''n....m..""'- '"'-""t .,... ..".,

n.. """'"..".,. F , ""- ........ .."., '-_ ',100'_ '>uu<h a..., """ ........... _ .... 000.0.- bona""" "" """- n. ,.......,. _ .- .. :100

,...,- "'_.:tOO__d ....,"' ..."" -...... ... I..xloon. O--' To ...._..--.. ..........-_- ~

......0""."."""""'''''''"' ........'-__ n·"

. .... _ _ . ,... ' ' ''_ .. ..-....- . CIooo y... ...., "

.._ _ IC'I ' " ,,,,,"""""'-',,'-.-"""""'....... ..,,.,_. _ ...........,...,

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T........"'=1"_~._q/omoo~"""_........ q/_ ~t GWin

--~ _-"' "' -"'---""'"""' ""__ """ _ _ ol "" ••_ _ _,...,.__ ol

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Tho&."' ...It' ..__""'_ ......",_"""",_",,,,,,,,,, io """"...-,."'''"'''''_ .. ..... _ ... ..f''''""""'" "'"'I=<='" _ D<-<lPq' """'""".

"- "' _ .. """"''' loo.o __ oW, V"""" ""........_- .....- "...-V"""" _"""""""'''__'" r-I ......... 1m """' ....... _ '"" ..... '-f '" ......f=I

... "'" '""- """ om.. """'_J'O"""dooI"'­..._.._---­

..... Tho ""'" "' "" - .... """-~ from u<y'" (L"" ~ "" . -.. ",L'NY 1."" (U" 1""l ro. .

_._..._..._w... _-,

2.2 F.n'eno,inmen, aeti\~tie.

.__ ....""_ _""-.."' _""_.. .....--"""..._ "" '"".......... "' ..-_ -""---~......, "' "'~---,

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Tho »<Olkd -..-__.-. _ ..___ u..,..,. ""' _ ........ "' ''' _ .. _"""" Th<y _ """""' _ f1 If' ...

"""'... '" ........., ...__ "'" -.. "" ,"'"""of "' "'...._.

"'" Thio ..-,.. """"""" ..__".........,.,."...- "'"~ "'..._-""""''''''''' "' ,.,.,~fu< _ - _ h"" ""' ....-.. _, _--.._._.... "' '''''''' '''"'''''''''''''' ..................__ - ...."""' ... _ _ _ _ . Om

... '"""" """""""" "".........._._- _"""'..~ ---'"""~ ,..... - -...... .._.. .. _ _ w

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of_...... '"_.,."••_ ._of... .....,....",.- _"",,, Wooo..., __...._-_ .......".,.. .,"""".. _ ... '.."lo .... '".....__ Tho,....._

""-""'., -...,...-"""••__of_",_.. .........__. _ .....of_

.... ....00""_"'__..__Tho"'" "'" "" .......... ..."' ... ",,,, ,,,",,,,,,,,, ""'...._",_"""-"_of _. .....__'"'_ of ...

......, ....._........ """"" - ""'" '"-_._..._~--_.- I

2.3 Altered beha.;ors2.4 F..ducation and promotion

Tho_ ..- _ ""' _ ....

of",..,. Th. -...... _ ""'" _ of """"'" w"",_.Co.,'" ......."" ... _

IL_._--......_.-,..-_."'"

_ "" ..... ...... _ """""'_.. . """""""'" f« ~""''''­~_a--..-__", ..,""""&d~"" oJJ",..,.,. i>____.1fI<r"""'~ __....."" .....-."'............. Y"" ..,,,,,, "'_ .... """" -'",""",_/~~_''''"'''__._-'­~ ......._q,.,. "''''' ..... '"""••,""" """"""' ........_ "'.a.."I """....__~

h,"" lo,. ' _, " " "'....._.__"""'""" _ M on """"' ..,.,.."..". ., . ...

of ..... ""' __ -.. ""''''-'' "' ""..........- """"'- __..--.-.. ,..,...,."" ... .... """" _...... """"""" "" """"""'... ... """..... .... ..... M "" """"'_""""" "' """"""" Th<...".._ ..........,....,.,."""',;,;.", " _" fttO """'"'" "'"' .-...._ """ ... ful of""", """" .-.. "' -.... ", fttO .,

~-

Th< _M... """"' '''..~of .. _ ........ ."." """' __ .... """'_ ......... ....__ "' ,...........""""""-

I-,---- ---Tho """' ... """"-'> Ott """""""" ..., .. ........ .. ...., "" .. """""'- Tho '" ktp<., ...

...... "" ,..;, _of ..... 0Idtt """""'_., _ of -.. "'""'- "' '"' """"- .......

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.... ..""'""_.__ .............._-- '"_ .. I •."_100_...._ .. "" _...-p "J,.... _ __

--~~-,._ __._.--......_ :-_...----......-----_.._--_.._- -...

II _

_ ...._ . • _.. I"---'''---'-

<:6o_000.. .__.. .. ,_.._.. -.Of.. "",,__..-_.._--_ __ ......._--..,.._-_ ......~_.__ ----II \_......__... _ .. _ ...__ _ ...__..... _ .... __.... Goo<>oo;_.. _-._.._no .. _.._...._..__ .._.._.._......_-_.._-_.--_.._.._.....

__""'...........,n. .......... "" ......... _ .._""'__.-..- • • I_..... _OOOJ -..... . .. .....____...........__.._<:60_.. __ .. .._ .. "" .. !IIO_""' .....~ ....-

.........-_.--...--_......__._ .._-~~ -::,;;_._...-.._-- '::-_._--_ ..QIoooo_ , _ . -_-I' _...__ -_ -n.__---..- --.......- _-no QIoooo __ 11'---bol.', I' _ . ....

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I

-~--_...._--...._--_ ...-

25 Co.., of n:anng farmed D~

3. Wmc business associated .....-ith riga farms

l .t Pn>dI>Ction of ......, contalfUJlg tiger p.m :00 dc:rivam-n

_..._--_._-

....., , --_...._--..-.-.._-_.._­_n.r ....__....__.._ .. - ..........- __...._ ...._ ..,_no _ _ .. _ "'"__• __000'" I _t"lI ''''-

...._-_......---,--.......-..-_........_..........-. ........._--_..._...._.

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3.2 ,."" k of W1n~ conlaining tiger pam and derivative.

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