Maglev Trains 2

7/30/2019 Maglev Trains 2

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Maglev Trains

Trains that fly on air.
http://www.transrapid-usa.com/images/stock/V_TRO8_USA_Fr_01.jpg


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Presentation Outline

How Transrapid works.

Application information about Transrapid

magnetic lift trains.

Transrapid magnetic lift projects.

How Chuo Shinkansen works.

Application information about ChuoShinkansen works.

Summary


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How Transrapid Works

Support SystemThe electromagnets on the

underside of the train pull it

up to the ferromagnetic

stators on the track andlevitate the train.

The magnets on the side

keep the train from moving

from side to side.

A computer changes the

amount of current to keep

the train 1 cm from the

track.

This means there is no friction

between the train and the track!


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Levitation Systems Power Supply

Batteries on the train power the system, and therefore

it still functions without propulsion.

The batteries can levitate the train for 30 minutes

without any additional energy. Linear generators in the magnets on board the train

use the motion of the train to recharge the batteries.

Levitation system uses less power than the trains airconditioning.


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Propulsion System

The system consists of

aluminum three-phase cable

windings in the stator packs

that are on the guideway

When a current is supplied

to the windings, it creates a

traveling alternating currentthat propels the train

forward by pushing and

pulling.


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When the alternating current is reversed, the train brakes.

Different speeds are achieved by varying the intensity of the

current.

Only the section of track where the train is traveling is

electrified.

.


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Application InformationSafety

The trains are virtually impossible to derail because the train is

wrapped around the track.

Collisions between trains are unlikely because computers are

controlling the trains movements.

Maintenance

There is very little maintenance because there is no contactbetween the parts.


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Comfort

The ride is smooth while not

accelerating..

Economic Efficency

The initial investment is similar to

other high speed rail roads. (Maglift is

$20-$40 million per mile and I-279 inPittsburg cost $37 million per mile 17

years ago.)

Operating expenses are half of that of

other railroads.

A train is composed of sections that

each contain 100 seats, and a train can

have between 2 and 10 sections.


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The linear generators produce electricity for the cabin of the

train.

Speed

The train can travel at about 300 mph. (Acela can only go 150

mph)For trips of distances up to 500 miles its total travel time is

equal to a planes (including check in time and travel to airport.)

It can accelerate to 200 mph in 3 miles, so it is ideal for short

jumps. (ICE needs 20 miles to reach 200 mph.)


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Environment

It uses less energy than existing transportation systems. For

every seat on a 300 km trip with 3 stops, the gasoline used per 100miles varies with the speed. At 200 km/h it is 1 liter, at 300 km/h

it is 1.5 liters and at 400 km/h it is 2 liters. This is 1/3 the energy

used by cars and 1/5 the energy used by jets per mile.

The tracks have less impact on the environment because theelevated models (50ft in the air) allows all animals to pass, low

models ( 5-10 ft) allow small animals to pass, they use less land

than conventional trains, and they can follow the landscape better

than regular trains since it can climb 10% gradients (while othertrains can only climb 4 gradients) and can handle tighter turns.


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Noise Pollution

The train makes little noise because it does not touch the track

and it has no motor. Therefore, all noise comes from moving air.This sound is equivalent to the noise produced by city traffic.


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Magnetic Field:

The magnetic field created is low, therefore there are noadverse effects.


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Transrapid Projects

China is building a 20 milesystem between ShanghaiPudong and PudongInternational Airport. It will

open in January of 2004,and it will reach speeds ofover 250 mph. If the projectis successful, then Chinawill build a system from

Beijing to Shanghai, ajourney of over 800 miles.


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The United States Congress is planning to spend $1

billion for a test project that either connects Pittsburghs

suburbs with its airport or Baltimore to the WashingtonInternational Airport.

Germany was going to build a magnetic lift system

between Berlin and Hamburg (200 miles) in 1996, but

never did because a new political party came in and

decided that the improvements over ICE was not worth $7

billion dollars.


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How Chuo Shinkansen Works

Type of Magnet Uses

This train uses superconducting electric magnets in the vehicle to

levitate and propel the train. These magnets are cooled by liquid

helium or liquid nitrogen. This means that once electrified these

magnets do not require additional energy.


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Propulsion

An alternating current is ran through electromagnet coils on the

guide walls of the guide way. This creates a magnetic field thatattracts and repels the superconducting magnets on the train and

propels the train forward.

Braking is accomplished by sending an alternating current in the

reverse direction so that it is slowed by attractive and repulsiveforces.


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Levitation

The passing of the superconducting magnets by figure eight

levitation coils on the side of the tract induces a current in thecoils and creates a magnetic field. This pushes the train upward

so that it can levitate 10 cm above the track.

The train does not levitate until it reaches 50 mph, so it is

equipped with retractable wheels.


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Lateral Guidance

When one side of the train nears the side of the guideway, the

super conducting magnet on the train induces a repulsive forcefrom the levitation coils on the side closer to the train and an

attractive force from the coils on the farther side. This keeps the

train in the center.


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Application Information

This system is not ready for use now, but it should be

ready in a few years.

Its top speed with people aboard is 350 mph.

The super conducting magnets create a strong

magnetic field that could be a problem for some

passengers.


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The train is earthquake proof because the greater space

(10 cm) between the track and the train leaves more room

for track deformation

Linear generators will produce all the electricity needed

in the trains interior.

Only the part of the track that is used will be electrified

so no energy is wasted.


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Summery

Maglev trains use magnets to levitate andpropel the trains forward.

Since there is no friction these trains can reach

high speeds. It is a safe and efficient way to travel.

Governments have mixed feelings about the

technology. Some countries, like China, haveembraced it and others like Germany havebalked at the expense.

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Maglev Trains 2