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Magna Carta, English Bill of Rights, and Mayflower Compact
The beginnings of our country. Steps toward self government and freedom.
Magna Carta
• For centuries, monarch ruled with absolute authority over the English.
• The people were subjects to the Kings power.
Magna Carta
• By the 1200’s, English Nobles (those with money and power), were strong enough to challenge the King’s power.
• In 1215, King John was forced to sign the Magna Carta.
Magna Carta cont…
• It listed the rights that the King could not take away.
• These included the right to a fair trial and to travel freely.
• It was an important step in gaining freedom for all English citizens.
Magna Carta cont…
• This was the first time the monarch’s power had been limited.
• Originally intended for nobles only, the rights were eventually given to all English citizens, including the colonists.
The English Bill of Rights
• A representative government was made. (Parliament)
• Over time Parliament became more powerful than the monarchy.
• In 1689, Parliament passed the English Bill of Rights.
English Bill of Rights cont…
• The monarch could no longer collect taxes without Parliament’s permission or limit free speech.
• Listed the rights of all English citizens, not just nobles.
• Also included right to petition and other rights that are included in our Constitution.
Mayflower Compact
• Nov. 11, 1620 the Mayflower is anchored in the Boston Harbor.
• 102 Passengers were aboard, most seeking religious freedom.
• Others were seeking wealth.
Mayflower Compact
• In order to survive they would have to work together.
• They had to establish laws.
• They signed an agreement called the Mayflower compact.
Mayflower Compact
• In the world at that time, laws were imposed on people by the monarch.
• This was one of the first steps toward self government.
Timeline of Events
• In 1215 King John was forced to sign the Magna Carta.
• 1620 The colonist signed the Mayflower compact.
• 1689 John Locke starts publishing his theories.
• 1748 Spirit of the Laws was published. (Montesquieu)
• 1765 Stamp Act Passed and Repealed
• 1770 Boston Massacre• 1773 Tea Act and
Boston Tea Party
Timeline Continued
• 1774 Intolerable act Passes and First Continental Congress.
• 1775 Shot heard round the world. Revolution begins. Second Continental Congress meets.
• July 4, 1776 U.S. Declares Independence.
• Nov. 1777 Articles of Confederation approved.
• 1781 British surrender at Yorktown.
Time Line Continued
• 1783 Britain recognizes America as Independent.
• May 1787 the Constitutional Convention begins.
• Sept. 1787 Constitution ratified.