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MAIN SEQUENCE STARS
• For a star to be born there must be nuclear
fusion in its core. This is where star life
begins and stars in this stage are known as
sequence stars.
DWARF STARS
• Yellow Dwarf Stars – These are among the main sequence stars but are small in size. A good example of these stars is the sun.
• White Dwarfs – Because of their low mass, there are some stars that fail to enter the giant phase at the end of their lives. The outer part of the star merges with the interstellar space and the only part that remains is its core.
• Brown Dwarfs – These are also known as failed stars. Just like normal stars, they are formed in the same way but they do not accumulate enough mass to generate nuclear fusion in the core hence the name failed stars. They are smaller than the normal stars.
GIANT STARS
• Blue Giant –Huge, extremely hot blue star.
• Red Giant – When the hydrogen fuel in a star is
completely used up, the star transitions and
becomes a red giant star
SUPER GIANTS
• These are the biggest stars in the entire
universe. They consume hydrogen at an
enormous rate. This means that they die
off very fast and they disintegrate as they
detonate as supernovae.
NEUTRON STARS• Neutron Stars – These are actually not stars they
are stellar remnants. After a star’s life has come
to an end it goes through a supernova explosion
and the core remains. These remnants are what
are known as neutron stars.
• Pulsar – This is a rapidly rotating neutron star.
This star emits energy in pulses that is the reason
it is known as a pulsar.
OTHER TYPES OF STARS
• Black Holes – While not technically stars, these are formed as a result of
the massive gravity created by large stars collapsing in on themselves.
• Variable Stars – These are stars that tend to change their brightness.
Unlike other stars that maintain a constant brightness, these stars tend
to vary their brightness from time to time.
• Binary Stars – This is a system of 2 stars that go around each other or a
common centre of mass cloud. True binaries revolve around one
another. A good example of these stars is Polaris.
STAR DEATH
• The Spectacle of Star Death
https://youtu.be/E6FpSOg2BxE
“REINCARNATION” OR QUIET STAR DEATH
• When some stars die, a cloud called a planetary
nebula is formed around the core of the star, which
is now classified as a white dwarf.
• The material from the nebula floats out into space
and is the building blocks for new star formation
SUPERNOVA
• A star that suddenly becomes brighter and gives
out a huge amount of energy because it is
exploding and dying.
CHALLENGE!
• What is the plural of “supernova?”