Maintaining protected areas for now and the future Fifth World Parks Congress Durban, September 2003 Evaluating management effectiveness: Workshop Stream

Maintaining protected areas for now and the future

Fifth World Parks Congress Durban, September 2003

Evaluating management effectiveness:

Workshop Stream 5

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About the World Parks Congress

About this workshop

List of sessions

List of papers and presentations

Workshop outputs

Acknowledgements

Links

Fifth World Parks Congress 2003

The Fifth IUCN World Parks Congress was held from 8 to 17 September 2003 in Durban, South Africa. IUCN - The World Conservation Union organises this global forum every ten years, to take stock of protected areas; assess the critical issues facing them; and chart the course for protected areas over the next decade. The theme of the 2003 WPC was "Benefits Beyond Boundaries“ which focused on both, the contribution protected areas make outside their borders as well as, the changing approaches to their establishment and management.

More than 2,700 participants attended the meeting, representing governments and public agencies, international organisations, the private sector,

academic and research institutions, non-governmental organizations (NGOs), and community and indigenous organisations. Over the nine days, plenary sessions, field trips, side events and seven workshops were held.

Evaluating management effectiveness – maintaining protected areas for now and the future was one of the seven major workshop streams held at the Congress.

http://www.iucn.org/themes/wcpa/wpc2003

Robyn James Robyn James

http://www.iucn.org/themes/wcpa/wpc2003

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Workshop overview

Background Papers

Evaluating management effectiveness: Maintaining protected areas for now and the future. Background briefing paper prepared for the WPC. (English) (French) (Spanish)

Evaluating effectiveness summary paper (English) (French) (Spanish) (Indonesian)

WCPA Framework (link)

Congress plenary - Introducing the workshops – Marc Hockings (WCPA) Vice-Chair Management effectiveness stream (link)

How healthy are our protected areas?

How well are they being managed?

Can they cope with increasing threats such as invasive species and climate change?

Are protected areas meeting their conservation objectives - conserving their natural and cultural values?

Are they benefiting local communities?

This workshop focussed on how to answer these questions and then adapt management so that protected

areas will be maintained for now and the future.

It was designed to carry forward the considerable progress made on the topic over the last ten years by:

Evaluating management effectiveness –

Maintaining protected areas for now and the future

• identifying and reviewing the lessons learnt on assessing management effectiveness and

• developing recommendations for the World Commission on Protected Areas (WCPA) and international conventions such as the Convention on Biological Diversity (CBD).

graphic supplied by The Primary Agency

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Workshop sessions

Management effectiveness assessment plenary sessionSession 1

Session 2a and 3a

Session 2b and 3b

Session 2c

Session 2d

Session 2e

Session 3c and 4c

Session 3d and 4d

Session 3e

Session 4a and 5a

Session 4b and 5b

Session 4e

Session 5c

Session 5d

Session 5e

Session 6Plenary and workshop conclusions - where to from here; report from parallel sessions, CBD report summary

Protected area category certification - proposal for discussion

Using evaluation for better management

Protected area management standards and certification

Managing protected areas in the face of climate change

Invasive alien species

Collapse from the inside: threats to biodiversity and ecological integrity of protected areas from unsustainable hunting for subsistence and trade

Assessing the IUCN protected area management category system

How is your MPA yoing? Evaluating management effectiveness in MPAs

Assessing ecological integrity

Regional experiences with management effectiveness evaluation

Management of protected areas in arid environments: constraints and prospects

Social, economic and institutional indicators of managementeffectiveness

Learning from experience: management effectiveness assessment in action

Meeting the needs of indigenous and local communities in management effectiveness evaluation

The workshop consisted of 16 sessions —

Click on session title for more detail.

To return to this menu click List of sessions on the sidebar

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Session 1. Management effectiveness evaluation plenary session

Leader and Chair: Marc Hockings, University of Queensland and

WCPA Vice-Chair for management effectiveness

Session outline

This session presented an overview of management effectiveness evaluation - the principles, methodologies and applications. It set the scene for the subsequent sessions and provided delegates with a background on progress and lessons learned on evaluating management effectiveness of protected areas over the last decade.

Topics addressed included:

• Why assess the management effectiveness of protected areas?

• Introduction to why WCPA has highlighted the importance of work on management effectiveness of protected areas.

• Overview of the WCPA framework for assessment of management effectiveness in protected areas.

• Presentations of practical experience in assessment of management effectiveness.

• Panel discussion with experts from different geographical locations, backgrounds and disciplines discussed the role of management effectiveness assessment.

Session 1

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Session 1. Management effectiveness evaluation plenary session

1. Outline of session and the history of WCPA involvement in management effectiveness since the last World Parks Congress: Adrian Phillips, WCPA Vice-Chair for World Heritage and former chair of WCPA responsible for introducing the management effectiveness task force. (paper)

2. Introduction to the WCPA framework on assessment of management effectiveness of protected areas. Marc Hockings, University of Queensland, WCPA Vice-Chair for Management Effectiveness. (ppt)

3. Overview of management effectiveness stream. Natjaran Ishwaran, UNESCO World Heritage. (ppt)

4. Monitoring and evaluation systems and experiences within KZN Wildlife. Kulani Mkhize, KZN Wildlife, South Africa. (ppt)

5. Experience with assessment of management effectiveness in Latin America. Jose Courrau, Consultant, Costa Rica. (ppt)

6. Experience with using a tracking tool for the rapid assessment of management effectiveness at site level. Kathy MacKinnon, World Bank and Leonardo Lacerda, WWF International. (ppt) (paper)

Session 1

7. Discussion panel: Experts on management effectiveness discussed their personal experience as well as how management effectiveness particularly contributes to protected area management.

• Kathy MacKinnon, World Bank• Rosa Lemos de Sá, WWF Brazil• Natjaran Ishwaran, UNESCO World Heritage• Moses Mapesa, Uganda Wildlife Authority,

Uganda• Caroline Stem, Foundations of Success,

USA• Marc Hockings, WCPA Vice-Chair for

Management Effectiveness, Australia• Bud Ehler, National Oceanographic and

Atmospheric Administration, USA

Presentations

Session Chair: Adrian Phillips, WCPA Vice-Chair for World Heritage

Session summary (Click)

Chris Mitchell

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Session 2a and 3a. Meeting the needs of indigenous and local communities in management effectiveness evaluation

Leader and Chair: Hanna Jaireth, WCPA/CEESP Theme on Indigenous/Local Communities, Equity and Protected Areas

This session focused on meeting the needs of indigenous and local communities in the evaluation of PA management effectiveness. It explored the concepts and principles of cultural and community indicators from indigenous and local community perspectives.

Session 2a and 3a

Session outline

© WWF-Canon / Olga SHEEAN

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Session 2a

1. Outline of Session Hannah Jaireth (TILCEPA) (ppt)

2. Indicators for Community Tenure and Protected Area management – Measuring policy commitment to community management of PAs – looking at East African forests. Liz Alden Wily, Independent land tenure & natural resources management adviser, UK (ppt)

3. Cultural Indicators, Participatory processes and PA management – the concept of global/universal indicators for the management of culture in PAs. Dermot Smyth (TILCEPA) and Indigenous representatives Mr Phillip Rist - Executive Officer, Girringun Elders and Reference Group Aboriginal Corporation, Mr Claude Beeron - Director, Girringun Elders and Reference Group and Girramay elder, Mrs Syb Bresolin - Cultural Ranger, Centre for tropical Restoration and Dulgulburra Yidindji elder. (paper)

4. Indigenous Perspective on Effective PA Management. Victorino Saway Talaandig Tribe, Phillipines and Indigenous Peoples Ad Hoc Working Group. (ppt)

Session 2a and 3a

Presentations

5. Protected Areas and Rural Communities: A natural co-existence – Zones of Conflict and Development, A Challenge toward a Governance with Social Participation. Levi Sucre, Central American Indigenous and Peasant Coordinator of Communal Agro forestry. (ppt) (paper)

6. Effective management of indigenous and local volunteers - the Conservation Volunteers Alliance Accreditation Program and international benchmarking for volunteer management. Neil Jens, CVA. (ppt) (paper)

7. Panel Discussion: Hanna Jaireth, Liz Alden-Wily, Dermot Smyth, Victorino Saway, Levi Sucre and Neil Jens

Session summary 2a (Click)

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Session 3a

1. Summary of Session 2a and introduction to Session 3a. Hanna Jaireth.

2. Indicators for Community Tenure and PA Management. Liz Alden Wily led workshop discussion on material from Session 2a.

3. Cultural Indicators, Participatory Processes and PA Management. Hanna Jaireth led workshop discussion on material from Session 2a.

4. Effective management of indigenous and local volunteers. Neil Jens led workshop discussion on material from Session 2a.

5. Facilitated discussion on workshop and input into WPC Recommendations. Hanna Jaireth


Session 2a and 3a

Presentations

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Session 2b and 3b. Learning from experience: management effectiveness assessment in action.

Session outline

Leaders and Chair: Marc Hockings, University of Queensland and WCPA Vice-Chair for management effectiveness; and Dan Salzer, Conservation Measures Partnership

Different examples of experience in implementing assessment of management effectiveness were presented; including researchers involved in developing and applying the methodology and managers of protected areas who have undergone on ground assessment.

Presentations focussed on:

• What lessons have been learnt from experiences with assessment of management effectiveness?

• How can we determine the best approaches in different circumstances?

• How can we continue to exchange and benefit from accumulating experience? (e.g. PALNet)

• Links between management effectiveness evaluation and capacity building.

Speakers and lessons presented at the WPC workshop drew heavily on experience from a pre-congress workshop held in Melbourne, Australia, in February 2003, funded by WWF World Bank Alliance, UNESCO World Heritage Centre and Parks Victoria, Australia. (report)

Session 2b and 3b

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1. Introduction to the session and explanation of format. Marc Hockings, University of Queensland, Australia

2. Evaluation models in conservation and other fields - findings of the Conservation Evaluation Review. Caroline Stem, Foundations of Success, USA (ppt) (paper)

3. The Nature Conservancy’s Measures of Success experience in assessing management effectiveness of protected areas in Latin America. Silvia Benetiz, Ecuador and Dan Salzer, TNC,USA (ppt)

4. A Rapid Assessment and Prioritisation Methodology for assessing protected areas systems: Jamison Ervin, Hardscrabble Associates, USA and Pete Goodman, KZN Wildlife, South Africa (ppt)

Presentations

5. Enhancing our Heritage: Monitoring and managing for success in natural World Heritage sites. Sue Stolton and Nigel Dudley, Equilibrium Consultants, UK and Lindsay Chong Seng, Seychelles Island Foundation, Seychelles (ppt) (paper)

6. Lessons learned from management effectiveness assessment around the world - a summary of an international workshop in Melbourne. Fiona Leverington, Queensland Parks and Wildlife Service (QPWS), Australia. (ppt) (paper)

7. Discussion: facilitated discussion on experiences with management effectiveness, lessons learned to date and proposals for future action.

Session 2b and 3b

Session Chair: Dan Salzer, Conservation Measures Partnership

Session 2b

Marc Hockings

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Presentations

1. Introduction: The links between the two sessions and a review of both the WCPA framework for assessing protected area management effectiveness and Session 2b. Marc Hockings, University of Queensland and WCPA Vice-Chair for Management Effectiveness. (paper)

• Opportunities for applying an adaptive management process (using the WCPA framework) to protected area management.

• Existing staff capacities and capacities .needed to apply this type of approach.

• Institutional and/or cultural factors attributes needed to support this approach.

4. Experiences in quantitative management effectiveness assessment - the MIST project in Bwindi Impenetrable National Park, Uganda: John Makombo, UWA, Uganda and Klaus Schmitt, GTZ, Germany. (paper)

5. Country and institutional portfolio assessments - common issues and ways forward Leonardo Lacerda WWF. (ppt)

6. Measuring and reporting on Management Effectiveness – The New Zealand Experiences. Hugh Logan, Department of Conservation, New Zealand. (ppt)

7. State of the Tasmanian Wilderness World Heritage Area Report - an evaluation of management effectiveness under the 1992 management plan. Glenys Jones, Parks and Wildlife Service, Tasmania. (ppt) (paper)

8. Choosing among alternative approaches for assessing management effectiveness: Dan Salzer, Conservation Measures Partnership, Marc Hockings, University of Queensland, Graeme Worboys, Griffith University, Australia. (ppt)

9. Facilitated Discussion: Policy and Work Programme - facilitated discussion on key points for future development for both the WCPA management effectiveness theme and management effectiveness in general.

Session 2b and 3bSession summary 2b and 3b (Click)

2. Adaptive Management – An Approach for Evaluating Management Effectiveness. Nick Salafsky, Foundations of Success USA (paper)

3. Facilitated group discussion explored:

Session Chair: Natajaran Ishwaran

Session 3b

Joint Session between Evaluating Management Effectiveness (EME) “Learning from Experience” sub-stream and “Developing Capacity for Site-Level Planning, Management and Monitoring” sub-stream.

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Session 2c. Social, economic and institutional indicators of management effectiveness

Session 2c

• economic indicators of protected area effectiveness;

• social indicators of protected area effectiveness;

• institutional indicators of protected area effectiveness;

• measures of protected area effectiveness beyond the border of protected areas (e.g. State of the Environment reporting);

• tools and processes for assessing protected area effectiveness at site and system levels.

The following topics were covered -

An overview of the topic and a series of case studies were presented, followed by a discussion group facilitated by Ian Dutton and Jim Rieger (TNC) examined the scope purpose and gaps in using ESI indicators in the assessment of management effectiveness.

Session outline

Leader and Chair: Ian Dutton, The Nature Conservancy (TNC) assisted by Jim Rieger, TNC

Robyn James

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Session 2c. Social, economic and institutional indicators of management effectiveness

Session 2c

1. Introduction. Ian Dutton, TNC, Indonesia. (ppt)

2. Economic, Social and Institutional Indicators of Effectiveness - An overview of Considerations at Sites and Systems Levels. Ian Dutton, TNC. (ppt) (paper)

Experience in protected area systems

Parks in Peril Experience

Measuring Institutional Development inProtected Area Management

10.Overview of method and worst case scenario. Marlon Flores TNC. (ppt)

11.Red de Reservas, Columbia Case Study. Pedro Moreno, Natural Reserves Network Association of the Civil Society, Colombia. (ppt)

1. What other relevant experience have we gained?

2. What are key gaps in indicators and process?

3. How do we link site and system scales?

4. How do we link assessment inside and outside Protected Areas?

5. What are the priorities for improvement of practice?

Discussion - facilitated by Ian Dutton and Jim Rieger, TNC

Assessing institutional effectiveness

Experience outside protected areas

7. Improved Forest Management - the World Bank/WWF partnership. Kathy McKinnon, World Bank. (ppt)

8. Landscape Scale indicators. Michael Green, Broads Authority, UK. (ppt) (paper 1) (paper 2)

6. PA and development review in Cambodia. Kol Vathana Deputy Director, Department of Natural Conservation and Protection, MOE, Cambodia. (ppt)

Experience at system level

3. Overview of Site Consolidation process in Protected Areas - Jim Rieger, TNC. (ppt)

4. Site consolidation experience – Adalberto Padilla, Rio Platano Biosphere Reserve, Honduras. (paper)

5. Lessons from the Site Consolidation Scorecard - Jim Rieger, TNC. (ppt)

9. Industry Contributions - the BP experience in biodiversity conservation. Chris Herlugson, Group Biodiversity Advisor BP, USA. (ppt)

Presentations


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Session 2d. Management of protected areas in arid environments; constraints and prospects

The management of protected areas in arid lands presents a special set of problems and opportunities. The arid lands protected area management regimes in different countries offer varying degrees of management effectiveness and have accumulated a common set of management issues.

The workshop analysed management successes and failures, defined lingering management issues, discussed criteria, tools and institutional systems for monitoring and evaluation. Presentations included case studies, system analyses and theoretical frameworks.

Session outline

Session 2d

Workshop by WESCANA/PATC Leader: Prof. Abdulaziz H Abuzinada, Secretary General, Vice President, IUCN

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Session 2d. Management of protected areas in arid environments; constraints and prospects

1. Introduction with a summary of expected outputs and proposed follow up. Prof. Abdulaziz H. Abuzinada, Chair.

2. Effectiveness of management of protected areas: beyond boundaries. Mr. Mohammed Rafiq, Director, IUCN Pakistan Office.

3. On integrating the principles of traditional resource management into modern PA management. Prof. Kamal Batanouny, Dean, Department of Botany, University of Cairo, Egypt.

4. Challenges and prospects of local community participation in effective management of protected areas in Pakistan. Mr. Mahmood Akhtar Cheema Director Resource Unit, Punjab Project, IUCN, Pakistan.

5. Effective management of marine protected areas in the Egyptian Red Sea. Dr. Moustafa M. Fouda.

6. Management issues in the Zagros Mountains of Iran - Mohamed Panahi / Dr. Asghar M. Fazel Department of the Environment, Iran.

7. Analysis of management issues related to introduction, reintroduction and restocking of wildlife in Western / Central Asia and North Africa (WESCANA). Dr Mohammed Shobrak and Dr. Stèphane Ostrowski the National Wildlife Research Centre, of the National Commission for Wildlife Conservation and Development (NCWCD) Saudi Arabia.

8. Opportunities and challenges of participatory PA management in Saudi Arabia based on a case study of the Ibex Reserve. Dr. Salih Al-Soghair and Mr. Kutaibah Al-Sa’doon, Saudi Arabia.

9. Discussion Panel with presenters to formulate WPC recommendations.

10.Conclusions. Dr. Abdulaziz H. Abuzinada

Presentations

Session 2d


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Session outline

Session 2e. Regional experiences with management effectiveness evaluation

A range of regional experiences with the development and application of management effectiveness evaluation methodologies was presented. Case studies from Protected Areas in Central and South America, India and Nepal represent some of the longest-running evaluation systems.

Session Chair: Enrique Lahmann, IUCN-ORMA, Costa Rica

Session 2e

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Session 2e. Regional experiences with management effectiveness evaluation

Presentations

1. Central American Protected Area Systems - experiences in application of similar tools for management effectiveness evaluation. Alberto Salas, IUCN-ORMA, Costa Rica. (ppt)

2. The PROARCA/CAPAS approach to evaluation of management effectiveness. Lenin Corales, PROARCA CAPAS program, Guatemala. (ppt)

3. Comprehensive evaluation of protected area system of Catalonia- Spain. Josep Maria Mallarach Institució Catalana d’Història Natural(ppt)

4. Relevant indicators for assessing management effectiveness in different types of parks and social contexts. Katrina Brandon, Conservation International. (ppt)

5. Management effectiveness evaluation in India and Nepal. Vinod Mathur, Wildlife Institute India, B.C. Choudhury, N.K. Vasu, B Praveen. (ppt)

Session 2e


Introduction. Enrique Lahmann, IUCN-ORMA, Costa Rica.

Marc Hockings

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Session 3c and 4c. Assessing ecological integrity

Session outline

Ecological Integrity measurement within protected areas aims to track the changing status of the biological health of species, communities, and ecosystems and the ecological processes that maintain them. Its measurement as an outcome of protected area management is infrequently or insufficiently addressed in many protected areas due to lack of data, resources, or understanding about how natural systems function, among other challenges. This session aimed to elevate the importance of ecological integrity measurement in protected areas managed for biological diversity conservation, to share tools and approaches to ecological integrity measurement through case studies from around the world, and to generate discussion around challenges and solutions to the assessment of ecological integrity in evaluations of protected area management effectiveness

Leaders and Chair: Nik Lopoukhine, Parks Canada and Jeffrey Parrish, The Nature Conservancy

Session 3c and 4c

Robyn James

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Session 3c and 4c

Session 3c and 4c. Assessing ecological integrity

Presentations

Ecological integrity and its measurement inprotected areas

1. Introduction to the session and Ecological Integrity: What is it, how is it measured, and why is it important for protected area management effectiveness? Nik Lopoukhine, Parks Canada and Jeffrey Parrish, The Nature Conservancy. (ppt)

2. Measuring what matters: The Nature Conservancy’s Measures of Conservation Success and Ecological Integrity Measures methodology. Jeffrey Parrish, The Nature Conservancy. (ppt)

3. Parks Canada’s Ecological Integrity Program: Integrating the concepts of ecological integrity into the management of a national park system. Stephen Woodley, Parks Canada. (ppt)

4. Measuring ecological integrity when data are lacking: Approaches to rapid ecological integrity assessments. Roger Sayre, The Nature Conservancy and LeAnne Alonso, Conservation International. (ppt)

Experiences measuring and managing forecological integrity: Lessons from the field

5. Case study in ecological integrity measurement: Condor Bioreserve, Ecuador. Silvia Benítez, The Nature Conservancy. (ppt)

6. Translating ecological integrity measurement results into management decisions within protected areas. Nestor Windevoxhel, PROARCA/CAPAS, Central America. (ppt)

7. Case study in ecological integrity measurement: Banff and Fathom Five reserve, Canada. Gilles Seutin, Parks Canada. (ppt)

8. Case study in ecological integrity measurement: the Yunnan Great Rivers Project, China. Long Yongcheng, The Nature Conservancy of China. (ppt)

9. Case study in ecological integrity measurement: Queensland National Park System, Australia. Fiona Leverington and Chris Mitchell, QPWS, Australia. (ppt) (paper)

10.Panel Discussion. From Theory to Practice: Challenges and Solutions in measuring ecological integrity, and the promotion of its measurement at protected areas around the globe.

Session summary 3c and 4c (Click)

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Session outline

Session 3d and 4d. How is your marine protected area doing? Evaluating management effectiveness in MPAs

This session introduced tools for Marine Protected Area Managers and practitioners to conduct evaluations of MPA management effectiveness. It also presented a set of MPA-specific indicators to evaluate MPA effectiveness, shared lessons learned from MPAs around the world, identified ways to capacity build and started developing a learning network for conducting MPA effectiveness evaluations.

The session drew from case studies of current projects and programs implementing evaluation of management effectiveness and measuring indicators in Marine Protected Areas. It included methodology and indicators for MPAs developed by the WCPA-Marine/WWF MPA Management Effectiveness Initiative.

Session 3d and 4d

Leaders and Chair: Charles Ehler, WCPA Vice-Chair for Marine and NOAA/NOS/International Program Office; Simon Cripps, WWF International; Lani Watson NOAA

Robyn James

Robyn James

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Session 3d and 4d

Presentations


1. Measuring MPA Effectiveness - the Challenges, Approaches, and Lessons Learned. Charles Ehler, WCPA Vice-Chair for Marine. (ppt) (paper)

2. A New Guidebook for MPA Managers - How is Your MPA Doing? Lani Watson, NOAA. (ppt1) (ppt2) (paper)

3. Lessons from: Galapagos Island Marine Reserve. Manuel Bravo, Galapagos National Park. (ppt) (paper)

4. Lessons from Miramare Marine Protected Area, Italy. Marco Costantini, Miramare Marine Protected Area. (ppt) (paper)

5. Lessons from Lenger Island Marine Protected Area. Eugene Joseph, Conservation Society of Pohnpei. (paper)

6. Lessons from Mafia Island Marine Park. Sylvestor Kazimoto, Mafia Island Marine Park and Jason Rubens, WWF Tanzania. (ppt) (paper)

Questions and discussion

7. Governance Indicators for Planning and Improving MPA management. Robert Pomeroy, University of Connecticut. (ppt) (paper)

8. Biophysical Indicators for Planning and Improving MPA Management. John Parks, Community Conservation Network. (ppt) (paper)

9. Socioeconomic Indicators for Planning and Improving MPA Management. Robert Pomeroy, University of Connecticut. (ppt) (paper)

10.Panel discussion on lessons learned on developing and applying MPA indicators

Session summary 3d (Click)

Session 3d: Tools for evaluating management effectiveness in MPAs

A new tool for conducting evaluations of management effectiveness in MPAs was presented. The new IUCN-WCPA/WWF guidebook builds on previous work in this field and provides a set of MPA-specific indicators for performance evaluation for MPA managers and practitioners.

This session explored the following questions: How will evaluation help MPAs achieve their goals and objectives? How can MPA effectiveness be measured? How are results used in adaptive management and improving MPAs?

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Session 3d and 4d

Presentations


Session 4d building capacity at MPA sites and networks

This session aimed to identify ways for MPA sites and networks to build their capacity to conduct evaluations and adaptively manage MPAs and to create a network of MPA practitioners to exchange lessons learned on conducting MPA effectiveness evaluations.

Introduction. Simon Cripps, WWF.

Issues addressed in the presentations:

What was the primary purpose of conducting the evaluation and how did that shape or influence the evaluation process?

What were the key components that made the evaluation possible?

What was needed by the site staff to conduct the evaluation?

What were the best approaches to involving stakeholders?

What factors allow the results to be used in the future of the MPA?

2. Assessing MPA Management Effectiveness in the Western Indian Ocean Region. Nyawira Muthiga, Kenya Wildlife Service, Kenya. (ppt)

3. Evaluation of Management Effectiveness - Strategic Challenges and Lessons Learned in the Great Barrier Reef Marine Park. Jon Day, Great Barrier Marine Park Authority, Australia. (ppt)

4. MPA Scorecard: A Tool for Tracking and Reporting Progress on Management Effectiveness. Marea Hatziolos, World Bank and Marco Vinicio Cerezo, Fundaeco. (ppt) (biosketch) (paper)

5. Multi-Site Peer Learning: A Tool to Improve Strategy and Management Effectiveness. Stephanie Wear, The Nature Conservancy. (ppt) (paper)

6. Drawing Lessons Learned and Building Capacity to do MPA Management Effectiveness Evaluations. Simon Cripps, WWF.

7. Panel Discussion on How to build MPA capacity and evaluation systems at local, national and regional levels.

Session summary (Click)1. Conducting a Management

Effectiveness Assessment in St. Lucia Marine Reserve. Jean Harris, KZN Wildlife Service, South Africa. (ppt)

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Session 3e. Assessing the IUCN protected area management category system

Session outline

Leaders and Chair: Adrian Phillips, WCPA Vice-Chair World Heritage and Kevin Bishop, Cardiff University, Wales and Sue Stolton and Nigel Dudley, Equilibrium Consultants

Speaking a Common Language (SaCL) is a two year project being carried out jointly by Cardiff University and Equilibrium, working with IUCN and the UNEP/WCMC to assess the ways in which the IUCN protected area management categories can be used to further conservation action on the ground. The project outputs provide a review of progress of the implementation of the IUCN categories system, leading to the recommendations for the system’s refinement and development. (paper)

The workshop included an overview of the projects research and preliminary conclusions and provided a chance for participants to feed into the final report – which has now been released. (paper)

Session 3e

Robyn James

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Session 3e. Assessing the IUCN protected area management category system

Presentations

Session 3e

Welcome. Tom Hammond, IUCN.

1. Introduction - the purposes of the workshop, and brief background to the categories system. Adrian Phillips, WCPA Vice-Chair World Heritage. (ppt)

2. The SaCL project - purposes, methods, provisional findings and draft conclusions. Nigel Dudley/Sue Stolton, Equilibrium Consultants, UK. (ppt) (paper)

Five short responses: each speaker addresseda cross cutting issue as indicated:

3(i) Forestry (and links to other communities). Leonardo Lacerda, Manager of Protected Areas Unit with the Forests 4 Life Programme, WWF-International.

3(ii) Marine (and multiple use and zoning) – Jon Day, Great Barrier Reef Marine Park Authority(ppt)

3(iii) Mining and energy (and controlling land uses). Louise Johnson, BP.

3(iv) Community Conserved Areas and the IUCN Protected Area Categories. Ashish Kothari, Theme on Indigenous and Local Communities, Equity, and Protected Areas (TILCEPA) (ppt)

3(v) Data collection (and links to assignment). Stuart Chape, UNEP/World Conservation Monitoring Centre.

4. Facilitated panel and floor interaction, Facilitator Tom Hammond, IUCN

• Kevin Bishop, Cardiff University, Speaking a Common Language

• Sachin Kapila, Shell

• Pedro Rosabal, IUCN Programme on Protected Areas

• Philip Dearden, Marine Protected Areas Research Group, University of Victoria, Canada

• Dave Richards, International Council on Mining and Metals (ICMM)

• Kishore Rao, Regional Protected Areas Programme with IUCN Asia Region

• Assheton Carter, Conservation International

• Andrea Athanas, IUCN

5. Conclusions: way forward, WPC recommendations. Bruce Amos, WCPA


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© WWF-Canon / Frederick J. WEYERHAEUSER

Session outline

Session 4a and 5a. Collapse from the inside: threats to biodiversity and ecological integrity of protected areas from unsustainable hunting for subsistence and trade

Session 4a and 5a

Leader and Chair: Elizabeth Bennett, Wildlife Conservation Society (WCS)

• A short review was provided of the scale of the problem in protected areas throughout the world, and the implications for the ecological integrity of those areas, as well as for local people who depend on their resources.

• Levels of off take that are sustainable in different ecosystems was examined.

• The main players involved in hunting and wildlife trade in and from protected areas, and causes of the lack of sustainability were examined.

• Establishing appropriate management systems to ensure that any extraction of resources from protected areas is sustainable was examined.

• How to evaluate those management systems, to ensure that the protected areas achieve their conservation objectives in the long term was discussed.

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Workshop outputs

Acknowledgements

Links

Presentations

Session 4a and 5a. Collapse from the inside: threats to biodiversity and ecological integrity of protected areas from unsustainable hunting for subsistence and trade

Session 4a and 5a

Session 4a

1. Introductory overview: review of the scale of the problem in protected areas throughout the humid tropics, and the implications for the ecological integrity and local people. Elizabeth Bennett, WCS. (paper)

2. Food for thought: Bushmeat utilisation and protected areas in eastern and southern Africa. Tom Milliken, TRAFFIC. (paper)

3. Potential solutions: multi-faceted programmes to take hunting pressure off parks in Sarawak, Malaysia. Melvin Gumal, Wildlife Conservation Society (WCS). (paper)

4. Potential solutions: Hunting management in forest concessions surrounding Nouabale-Ndoki National Park, Northern Republic of Congo. Antoine Moukassa, WCS. (paper)

5. Potential solutions: management of hunting - learning from the experiences of fishing management by local communities in Mamiraua and Amana, Brazil. Helder Lima de Queiroz, Mamiraua Institute, Brazil. (paper)

6. Potential solutions: Use of traditional belief systems in reducing hunting in Ghana. David Kpelle, Okyeame Ampadu-Agyei and Mohammed Bakarr, Conservation International, Ghana. (paper)

7. Lessons to be learned from over-exploitation of marine protected areas. Callum Roberts, University of York, UK. (paper)

Session 5a

8. Summary 4a and introduction to 5a Elizabeth Bennett and John Robinson, WCS.

9. Governance issues: collaborations with local communities to manage protected areas in Zimbabwe and Zambia. Brian Child, Consultant, Zambia. (paper)

10.Governance issues: protecting wildlife in Kenya’s parks in the face of high commercial hunting pressure. Paula Kahumbu, Kenya Wildlife Service. (paper)

11.Governance issues: protecting wildlife in India’s parks amidst a sea of people. Ullas Karanth, WCS. (paper)

12.Governance issues: the role of governments in seeking solutions. Richard Ruggiero, US Fish and Wildlife Service. (paper)

13.Facilitated Discussion on Draft Policy Document for the CBD: How to manage protected areas to ensure sustainable hunting and the achievement of conservation goals? Facilitator: John Robinson, WCS.



Emerging issues recommendations (Click)

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Links

Session 4b and 5b. Invasive alien species

Session outline

Leaders: Maj De Poorter, ISSG Group-Coordinator & Editor “Aliens” and Geoffrey Howard IUCN

The sessions covered three major issues:

• Invasive alien species (IAS) as an issue for all protected area managers;

• IAS as a tractable problem for PA managers; and

• Managing IAS in an ecosystem context.

Case studies were presented and discussion groups formed to develop a report to recommend IUCN priorities for addressing alien invasive species.

Session 4b and 5b

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Links

Session 4b and 5b. Invasive alien species

Session 4b

1. Invasive Alien Species and Protected Areas: Some of the key issues. Jeff McNeely, IUCN (paper)

2. Practical methods and approaches to address the IAS issue in Protected Areas, including a toolkit and examples of prevention, surveillance, eradication and control especially in the ecosystem context. Geoffrey Howard, IUCN EARO.

3. “Mimosa pigra” Case Study - Invasive alien species in the Kafue Flats, Zambia. Musonda Mumba, Wetland Research Unit Geography Department, University College, London. (paper)

4. Mauritius Case study – a history of degradation and the beginnings of restoration. John Mauremootoo, Mauritius Wildlife Foundation, Mauritius. (paper)

5. The Global Invasive Species Programme (GISP) and Protected Areas. Lynn Jackson, GISP. (paper)

6. Fighting back: there is always SOMETHING you can do: case studies. Maj De Poorter and other ISSG members. (paper)

Presentations

Session 5b

7. Group Discussion Restraints in dealing with IAS in the specific Protected Areas context - based on restraints identified in various Regional workshops (GISP, GBF) on IAS in the last two years.

8. Asian Case study: China. Xie Yan, Institute of Zoology, CAS (Chinese Academy of Sciences), China. (paper)

9. Marine aspects of IAS and Protected Areas. Steve Raaymakers, IMO – International Maritime Organisation.

10.Discussion and Recommendations on Issues/priorities for IUCN and others to work on as part of work programs (WCPA and other thematic programmes).

Session 4b and 5b


Emerging issues recommendations (Click)

Robyn James

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Links

Session 4e. Managing protected areas in the face of climate change

Session outline

Session 4e

Leaders: Lara Hansen and Jennifer Morgan, WWF Climate Change Program

While the majority of resource and protected area managers are familiar with the impacts of climate change (present and future), there have been insufficient efforts to provide these same people with tangible approaches to how to better protect and design their systems by increasing resistance and resilience to climate change impacts.

This session aimed to introduce some actual approaches, as well as examples of how they are being used in the field. These are the types of efforts that will be necessary to guard protected areas while broader actions to limit climate change, through emissions reductions are undertaken.

A link is provided with each presentation to the relevant chapter in Hansen, L.J., Biringer J.L. and Hoffman J.R. (ed.s) (2003) Buying Time: A User’s Manual to Building Resistance and Resilience to Climate Change in Natural Systems, WWF, Gland.

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Links

Session 4e. Managing protected areas in the face of climate change

Presentations

Session 4e

1. Introduction to Session and Overview of impact of Climate Change on Protected Areas. Jennifer Morgan, WWF Climate Change Program. (Foreword)

2. Overview of Strategies to increase Protected Area resilience in the face of climate change. Link to Adaptation User’s Manual. Lara Hansen, WWF Climate Change Program. (Overview)

Case Studies Session - all present examples ofImpacts and Strategies to increase Protected AreaResilience in the face of Climatic Change

3. South African Protected Areas. Lee Hannah, Conservation International. (Chapter 9)

4. Including Climate Change in the Design of Temperate Marine Reserves. Jennifer Hoffman,

University of Washington. (Chapter 5)

5. Mangrove Restoration and Coastal Resilience. Case Study Dang Van Tao, International Federation of Red Cross and Red Crescent. (Chapter 5)

6. Arctic Ecosystems: Are There Resilience Options. Lynn Rosentrater, WWF Arctic Focal Project. (Chapter 4)

7. Alpine/Montane Systems and Climate Change. Martin Price, Centre for Mountain Studies, Perth College UK. (Chapter 3)

8. South Pacific Coral Reefs: Coral Reef Adaptation Strategy testing in the National Park of American Samoa and Fagatele Bay National Marine Sanctuary. Lara Hansen, WWF Climate Change Program. (Chapter 6)

9. Resilience-building Strategies in Forest Protected Areas. Nigel Dudley, Equilibrium Consultants. (Chapter 2) (Chapter 8)

10.Bangladesh: Climate Change and Freshwater Ecosystems. Nasimul Haqu, CAN South Asia. (Chapter 7)

11.Panel discussion on climate change issues and finalised policy recommendations in relation to climate change and protected areas.


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Links

Session 5c. Protected area management standards and certification

Session outline

Session 5c

Leader: Nigel Dudley, Equilibrium Consultants

The session consisted of a discussion of different approaches to giving greater assurance of management effectiveness in protected areas, ranging from danger lists to certification systems, and development of guidance for the WCPA task force and IUCN

The session drew on a working paper, a pre-conference questionnaire of key decision-makers and a pre-conference workshop in Durban. A range of options were discussed to provide input into second workshop. This information assisted in the development of a proposed work program for IUCN.

Robyn James

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About this workshop

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Links

Session 5c. Protected area management standards and certification

Presentations

Session 5c

1. Introduction to the session and explanation of the background. Robbie Robinson, consultant.

2. Options for providing greater guarantees of management effectiveness in protected areas including results of a survey: Nigel Dudley, Equilibrium Consultants. (ppt) (paper)

Robyn James

3. An established danger list - the Montreux list in the Ramsar site: Peter Bridgewater, Ramsar Bureau. (ppt)

4. Standardised self-reporting in World Heritage Sites: Vinod Mathur, WII, India. (ppt)

5. ISO-14000 - experiences in Catalonia, Spain: Jordi Falgarona i Bosch, Ministry of Environment of Catalonia (ppt)

6. Pan Parks - an existing certification system for management effectiveness in Europe: Arnold van Kreveld, WWF Netherlands. (ppt)

7. What would certification mean - experience with other environmental certification systems: Hardy Vogtmann, BNF, Germany. (ppt)

8. Facilitated discussion to provide guidance to the task force on guarantees of protected area management effectiveness.

Brief overviews of experiences in different approaches to guaranteeing management effectiveness -

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Links

Session 5d. Using evaluation for better management

Session outline

Session 5d

Leaders: Jose Courrau (Consultant); Fiona Leverington (Queensland Parks and Wildlife Service); and Caroline Stem (Foundations of Success)

The session identified lessons learned from experiences applying evaluation results and suggested strategies for improving the use of evaluation results for the following four categories:

a. Transparency and accountability

b. Resource allocation

c. Public support

d. Adaptive management

Robyn James

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About this workshop

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Workshop outputs

Acknowledgements

Links

Session 5d. Using evaluation for better management

Presentations

Session 5d

Workshop facilitator: Caroline Stem, Foundations of Success, USA.

1. Session introductionCaroline Stem, Foundations of Success, USA. (paper)

2. Overview of the application of management effectiveness evaluation results, including the four main uses and synergies amongst them. José Courrau, Consultant, Costa Rica. (ppt)

3. Case study: Use of evaluation results for transparency and accountability. Rodolfo Tenorio, Administrator of Braulio Carrillo National Park, Costa Rica. (ppt) (paper)

4. Case study: Use of evaluation results for resource allocation. Bwindi Impenetrable National Park. Moses Mapesa, Uganda Wildlife Authority. (ppt) (paper)

5. Case study: Use of evaluation results for public support and advocacy. Rosa Lemos de Sa, WWF, Brazil. (ppt)

6. Case study: Use of evaluation results for adaptive management. Alifereti Tawake, Locally Managed Marine Areas Network, Fiji. (ppt)

7. Facilitated group discussion on lessons learned and strategies for improving the use of evaluation results. (ppt)

Facilitators: José Courrau and Caroline Stem

Session recommendations (Click)


Robyn James

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About this workshop

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Links

Leader: Marija Zupancic-Vicar, Senior Advisor, WCPA

Session 5e. Protected area category certification – proposal for discussion

Session outline

Session 5e

The session drew on a draft paper on the Verification and Certification of Protected Areas under the IUCN Management Categories - the European Context, July 2003, prepared by the WCPA Europe Working Group for the development of a procedure for certifying the status and management of protected areas.

Possible ways to develop an independent verification and certification system of protected areas listed in the UN List of protected areas was discussed. Objective and well considered verification and certification system would depend upon: carefully prepared criteria, thorough procedures and verification by qualified experts. The discussion provided advice on future activities of WCPA in regard to the operation of the IUCN categories system.

Robyn James

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About this workshop

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Links

Session 5e. Protected area category certification – proposal for discussion

Presentations

Session 5e

Session Chair: Roger Crofts, Regional Vice-Chair for Europe, WCPA, UK.

1. Introduction to the session and explanation of the background including the Certification Discussion Paper. Marija Zupancic-Vicar, Slovenia. (paper)

2. The Verification and Certification of Protected Areas under the IUCN Management Categories -

the European Context. Andrej Sovinc, Slovenia. (ppt)

3. Improving the Effectiveness of IUCN Management Category Designation: a UNEP-WCMC Perspective. Stuart Chape, UK.

4. Verification procedure for the Austrian national parks and the example of the Hohe Tauern National Park Carinthia, Austria. Guenter Liebel, Peter Rupitsch, Austria.

5. Experiences with classification of protected areas: Case study - Spain. Jose Vicente de Lucio, Spain.

6. Facilitated discussion.

7. Conclusions: way forward, WPC recommendation. Pierre Galland, Switzerland.


Robyn James

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Links

Session outline

Session 6

Session 6. Plenary and workshop conclusions – where to from here; report from parallel sessions, recommendations

The concluding plenary session drew together the future directions for the stream; reports from the parallel sessions, and the WPC Recommendations and work program proposals.

Leader: Marc Hockings, University of Queensland and WCPA Vice-Chair for Management Effectiveness

4. Facilitated discussion and presentation on WPC Recommendations 18 and 19 and on draft policy and work program proposals.

1. Introduction: Marc Hockings University of Queensland and WCPA Vice-Chair, Management Effectiveness Theme, Australia.

2. Report on the Workshop: Geoff Vincent, Workshop Rapporteur, Parks Victoria, Australia. (ppt)

3. Panel discussion on Management Effectiveness Evaluation:


Workshop summary (Click)

Mavuso Msimang, CEO South African National Parks, South Africa

Marije Zupancic- Vicar, Senior Adviser, WCPA

Leonardo Lacerda, WWF International

Nik Lopoukhine, Director General, National Parks Directorate, Canada.

Pedro Rosabal, Protected Areas Programma, IUCN.

Chris Mitchell

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About this workshop

List of sessions


Workshop outputs

Acknowledgements

Links

Workshop outputs

• Evaluating management effectiveness final workshop report

• Key messages from the workshop

• List of all papers and presentations

• WPC recommendations (recommendations 5.18 and 5.19)

• Emerging issues (unsustainable hunting and invasive alien species)

• Message to the CBD (section 4 page 4)

• Durban action plan (outcome 4 key target 6 p 21)

Media outputs

• Evaluating management effectiveness stream brief

• Key media messages

• Ecological integrity media note

• Certification media note

Workshop outputs

40


About this workshop

List of sessions


Workshop outputs

Acknowledgements

Links

Acknowledgements

The workshop on Evaluating Management Effectiveness and production of this CD have been supported by the following organisations:

IUCN

UNESCO – World Heritage Centre

World Wide Fund for Nature

University of Queensland

Queensland Parks and Wildlife Service

Parks Victoria

Thanks is also due to the following:

All of the Session Leaders, Workshop Organisers and other volunteers who gave their valuable time and expertise to make the Workshop a success.

The presenters and workshop participants who provided informative presentations and inspired enthusiastic debate.

David Sheppard, Pedro Rosabal and Peter Shadie from IUCN for their continued support on the theme of Evaluating Management Effectiveness.

The Chair of WCPA, Kenton Miller and past chair Adrian Phillips are thanked for their enthusiastic support for work for the WCPA theme on Evaluating Management Effectiveness over the past decade.

Helen Lohe, Queensland Parks and Wildlife Service who designed the opening slide for this presentation, Programme and Briefing Paper for the Workshop Stream.

The Primary Agency developed the line graphic displayed on the sidebar.

Thanks to Robyn James, Kathy Julian and Peter Rigney, Queensland Parks and Wildlife Service for developing, designing, and producing this CD.

For further information please contact:

Dr Marc HockingsVice-Chair (Management Effectiveness Theme)IUCN World Commission on Protected AreasSenior LecturerSchool of Natural & Rural Systems ManagementUniversity of QueenslandGatton CampusGatton QLD 4343Phone: +61 (0)7 54601140E-mail: [email protected]: www.iucn.org/themes/wcpa/

Kathy Julian (Graphic Designer)E-mail: [email protected]

http://www.iucn.org/themes/wcpa/

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About this workshop

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Links

Links

www.nature.org

E-mail: [email protected]

www.ccea.org

www.panda.org

http://effectiveMPA.noaa.gov


[email protected]

Marine Protected Area Management Effectiveness Initiative

www.issg.org


www.nrsm.uq.edu.au/

www.epa.qld.gov.au

www.iucn.org www.iucn.org/themes/wcpa/

www.iucn.org/themes/wcpa/theme/mgteffect.html

http://www.nature.org/

mailto:[email protected]

http://www.ccea.org/

http://www.panda.org/

http://effectivempa.noaa.gov/






http://www.issg.org/



http://www.nrsm.uq.edu.au/

http://www.epa.qld.gov.au/

http://www.iucn.org/



http://www.iucn.org/themes/wcpa/theme/mgteffect.html

the endRobyn James

Documents

Maintaining protected areas for now and the future Fifth World Parks Congress Durban, September 2003 Evaluating management effectiveness: Workshop Stream