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Chapter 4. Making Good Decisions: A Focus on Academic, Financial, Career and Stress Management Decisions. Questions to Consider. What are the steps involved in effective decision making? - PowerPoint PPT Presentation
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Making Good Decisions: A Focus on Academic, Financial, Career and Stress Management
Decisions
Chapter 4
4 | 2Copyright 2013 Harrington © Cengage Learning. All rights reserved.
Questions to Consider
• What are the steps involved in effective decision making?
• How can you practice good decision making with your study choices? Is it important to study in a quiet environment?
• Does working while attending college positively or negatively impact school performance? How does it impact your family and involvement in clubs?
4 | 3Copyright 2013 Harrington © Cengage Learning. All rights reserved.
Questions to Consider
• How can financial decisions you make today affect you later?
• Is it important to decide on a major during your first year of college? Why or why not? How can you decide on a career path?
• Will your Facebook account impact your career opportunities? If so, how?
• What stress management techniques really work?
4 | 4Copyright 2013 Harrington © Cengage Learning. All rights reserved.
Kulm and Cramer (2006)
Research Question:
Does employment affect student success?
iQoncept/Shutterstock.com
4 | 5Copyright 2013 Harrington © Cengage Learning. All rights reserved.
The Study
Study time, GPA, Attendance, Socializing,
Family
Study time, GPA, Attendance, Socializing,
Family
4 | 6Copyright 2013 Harrington © Cengage Learning. All rights reserved.
The Findings
4 | 7Copyright 2013 Harrington © Cengage Learning. All rights reserved.
The So What Factor
• Working too much can negatively impact academic performance
• Working too much can also negatively impact your social and campus life
• Look at how many hours you REALLY need to work and whether working will help you achieve your goals
4 | 8Copyright 2013 Harrington © Cengage Learning. All rights reserved.
The Decision Making Process
See Figure 4.1 in Chapter 4 of Student Success in College: Doing What Works!
4 | 9Copyright 2013 Harrington © Cengage Learning. All rights reserved.
Step 1: Keep your goal visible
• What do you want?
• How will this decision impact the likelihood of achieving your goal?
iQoncept/Shutterstock.com
4 | 10Copyright 2013 Harrington © Cengage Learning. All rights reserved.
Step 2: Gather relevant information
See Gathering Information: What to Consider in Chapter 4 of Student Success in College: Doing What Works!
4 | 11Copyright 2013 Harrington © Cengage Learning. All rights reserved.
Step 3: Creatively identify and explore lots of possible options
• Be open and flexible
• Avoid judging options at this step
• Consider seeking ideas from others
4 | 12Copyright 2013 Harrington © Cengage Learning. All rights reserved.
Step 4: Evaluate options
• Keep goal visible• Pros and cons• Consider future
consequences and impact on others
• Seek input from others
iQoncept/Shutterstock.com
4 | 13Copyright 2013 Harrington © Cengage Learning. All rights reserved.
Step 5: Decide and take action
Trust the process and act on your decision
4 | 14Copyright 2013 Harrington © Cengage Learning. All rights reserved.
Step 6: Assess whether your choice supported your goal and was effective
• Did your choice move you closer to or farther from your goal?
• Set a date to assess your choice
4 | 15Copyright 2013 Harrington © Cengage Learning. All rights reserved.
The Impact of Your Decisions on Others
• Some cultures place greater value on group versus individual (collectivist)
• Your decisions can have a personal impact on others
Monkey Business Images/Shutterstock.com
4 | 16Copyright 2013 Harrington © Cengage Learning. All rights reserved.
Study choices: What decisions do you have to make?
• Studying in an environment with distracters (music, TV, friends) connected to lower grades (Gurung, 2005)
Diego Cervo/Shutterstock.com
4 | 17Copyright 2013 Harrington © Cengage Learning. All rights reserved.
Work and Money Management
• Some research shows connection between work and poorer academic performance (Lammers et al., 2001)
• Some research shows that students working 10-19 hours per week performed the best (Dundes & Marx, 2006)
Solvod/Shutterstock.com
4 | 18Copyright 2013 Harrington © Cengage Learning. All rights reserved.
Money Management
• Making impulsive financial decisions can be problematic because of the emotion-logic connection
See Figure 4.2 in Chapter 4 of Student Success in College: Doing What Works!
4 | 19Copyright 2013 Harrington © Cengage Learning. All rights reserved.
Credit cards
See Table 4.3 in Chapter 4 of Student Success in College: Doing What Works!
Stop
4 | 20Copyright 2013 Harrington © Cengage Learning. All rights reserved.
Loans
Subsidized• Do not accrue interest
while you are a student• The amount you
borrowed is the amount you owe at the time you have to start re-paying the loan
Unsubsidized• Starts to accrue interest
as soon as you take out the loan
• The amount you owe will be more than the amount you borrowed at the time you have to start re-paying the loan
4 | 21Copyright 2013 Harrington © Cengage Learning. All rights reserved.
Career Decision Making: Knowing Yourself
4 | 22Copyright 2013 Harrington © Cengage Learning. All rights reserved.
Saving for the future
• Saving now will pay off later
• $10 a month for 40 years at average return rate of 5% can result in $15,000!
Dave Allen Photography
4 | 23Copyright 2013 Harrington © Cengage Learning. All rights reserved.
Values- What Matters to You?
4 | 24Copyright 2013 Harrington © Cengage Learning. All rights reserved.
Holland’s Career Theory
• Focused on interests• Person-environment fit
See Figure 4.3 in Chapter 4 of Student Success in College: Doing What Works!
4 | 25Copyright 2013 Harrington © Cengage Learning. All rights reserved.
Finding Career Information
Websites • Occupational Outlook Ha
ndbook• Career One Stop• O-NET• Ferguson’
s Career Guidance Center
Information Interviews• Interview someone in the
field• Great for rich information• Be careful about relying
on information from only one person
• Great for networking!
4 | 26Copyright 2013 Harrington © Cengage Learning. All rights reserved.
Krumboltz: Taking Action
• Many enter careers because of “happenstance”- it was not planned
• Take Action Steps– Talk to others about careers– Take different courses– Seek out internship opportunities
4 | 27Copyright 2013 Harrington © Cengage Learning. All rights reserved.
Your Actions Today and How They May Impact You Later
• Make good impressions and decisions today
• Information posted electronically is never completely deleted1000 Words/Shutterstock.com
4 | 28Copyright 2013 Harrington © Cengage Learning. All rights reserved.
Bohnert & Ross (2010)
The influence of social networking web sites on the evaluation of job candidates.
4 | 29Copyright 2013 Harrington © Cengage Learning. All rights reserved.
The Study
4 | 30Copyright 2013 Harrington © Cengage Learning. All rights reserved.
The Findings
4 | 31Copyright 2013 Harrington © Cengage Learning. All rights reserved.
The So What Factor!
• Your actions today may matter tomorrow• Professional image is linked to more positive
outcomes• Be careful what you post on the internet
4 | 32Copyright 2013 Harrington © Cengage Learning. All rights reserved.
Stress Management Techniques
• Eat healthy
• Exercise
• Get enough sleep
AP Photo/Bradley C Bower
4 | 33Copyright 2013 Harrington © Cengage Learning. All rights reserved.
Stress Management Techniques
• Relaxation techniques– Deep breathing– Muscle relaxation
• Challenge negative thinking– How do you know?– What evidence exists?– What are the other possible outcomes?
• Talk with friends, family, or professionals
4 | 34Copyright 2013 Harrington © Cengage Learning. All rights reserved.
Avoiding Unhealthy Behaviors: Substance Abuse
• Addiction is a gradual process
• All college students do NOT drink alcohol in large amounts
• Alcohol use is associated with increase in:– Casual sex– Unprotected sex– Regret about sexual
activitiesNitroCephal/Shutterstock.com
4 | 35Copyright 2013 Harrington © Cengage Learning. All rights reserved.
Accessing Help for Substance Abuse
See Table 4.6 in Chapter 4 of Student Success in College: Doing What Works!