Making Strategy

War: Carl Von Clausewitz

“War is an extension of politics by other means.” ~ Carl von Clausewitz

2

Definitions Doctrine National Objectives Grand Strategy Military Strategy Operational Strategy Battlefield Strategy Influences on the Strategy Process

Overview

3

Policy—Guidance that is directive or instructive, stating what is to be accomplished Objectives and rules of engagement Mutable and often changes

Definitions

4

Strategy—The art and science of coordinating the development, deployment, and employment of military forces to achieve national security objectives

Definitions

5

Doctrine—A statement of officially sanctioned beliefs, war-fighting principles, and terminology that describes and guides the proper use of military forces in support of national objectives How a job should be done Evolves from experience and theory Authoritative, but unlike policy, not directive

Definitions

6

Common frame of reference Shapes how AF organizes, trains, equips, and sustains Prepares us for future uncertainties Used with judgment Political, economic, or social situation may dictate departure from

doctrine

Doctrine

7

The fundamental aims, goals, or purposes of a nation toward which a policy is directed, and efforts & resources are applied Three Levels of Interest

Vital Major Peripheral

National Objectives

8

Vital Interests—Broad, overriding importance to the survival, safety, and vitality of our nation State is not willing to compromise on State is generally willing to go to war to protect

National Objectives

9

Major interests—Affect our national well-being May use force…not normally necessary Peacekeeping operations Reconnaissance missions

National Objectives

10

Peripheral Interests—Our nation may act because our values demand it Response to disasters Human rights violations Environmental protection

National Objectives

11

Interests are often intertwined Vietnam? Kosovo? Iraq? Afghanistan?

National Objectives

12

SSG pg. 97 13

Development & use of ALL national power instruments and the coordination of these instruments Diplomatic Information Military Economic

Grand Strategy

14

President Congress National Media Interest groups/Public opinion

Grand Strategy Players

15

16

Strategic Objectives Achieving Our Objectives Managing Risk

Current Military Strategy

17

To support the NSS and provide enduring security for the American people, the Department has five key objectives: Defend the Homeland Win the Long War Promote Security Deter Conflict Win our Nation’s Wars

Current Military Strategy

18

We will achieve our objectives by… Shaping the choices of key states; Preventing adversaries from acquiring or using WMD; Strengthening and expanding alliances & partnerships; Securing US strategic access and retaining freedom of action; and, Integrating and unifying our efforts

Current Military Strategy

19

Managing Risk Operational Future Challenges Force Management Institutional

Current Military Strategy

20

21

The art and science of planning, orchestrating, and directing military campaigns within a theater of operations to achieve national security objectives

Operational Strategy

22

What does it do? Links the national level concerns of military strategy with battlefield

concerns of tactics Levels of operational strategy

Combined campaigns Joint campaigns Component campaigns

Operational Strategy

23

Orchestration of all military efforts in the theater Goal is to win the theater war

Achieve the military objective Military objective contributes to the achievement of a political objective

Operational Strategy

24

25

The art and science of employing forces on the battlefield to achieve national security objectives

Battlefield Stategy (Tactics)

26

Dynamic level of operations Difficult to talk about in general terms

nuclear war operations other than war conventional war space war information war urban warfare desert war the list goes on......

Battlefield Strategy

27

28

National objectives drive the process Protect/achieve vital national interests

Grand Strategy incorporates and/or coordinates all the instruments of national power…not just military

Military Strategy supports national objectives Must support higher (grand) strategy

Operational and Battlefield Strategy must be flexible Several influences on the strategy process

Points to Remember…

29

Definitions Doctrine National Objectives Grand Strategy Military Strategy Operational Strategy Battlefield Strategy Influences on the Strategy Process

Summary

30

“If the world is to have ONE superpower, thank God it is the United States of America.”

~ Gen Khalid, Saudi Arabia

31

QUESTIONS?

32

Prepare for Lesson # 14 Principles of War

Homework

33