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Making Structures Stronger: Truss, Arch, Dome
Structures and Mechanisms – #5 Designers can use other shapes to make structures stronger and better looking:
ü Use trusses (triangles)
ü Use arches and domes (curves)
Trusses The triangle is a very strong shape! A truss is a network of beams that form triangles.
Examples – crane, stage, bridges, towers, houses
Benefits of the truss:
• Forces are spread out between the triangles.
• Can be bent or curved and still keep the strength.
• Can help structure support more weight.
Types of trusses:
Arches An arch is a curved structure used to support a load. Examples - windows, doors, bridges,
and plane hangers.
Benefits of arches:
• Can span large spaces
• Strong shape
• Compression forces are transferred downwards
Domes A dome is a shell structure looking like half a sphere. Examples - planetarium, stadiums,
churches, and mosques.
Benefits of domes:
• Can enclose a large space
• Very strong shape
• Compression forces are transferred downwards in many planes
Roman Aqueducts (move water)
Really Cool Science – Carbon Nanotubes
Making Structures Stronger: Truss, Arch, Dome
Structures and Mechanisms – #5 Designers can use other shapes to make structures stronger and better looking:
ü Use ______________ (triangles)
ü Use ____________ and ______________ (curves)
Trusses The triangle is a very strong shape! A truss is a network of beams that form triangles.
Examples – _____________________________________________________________
Benefits of the truss:
• ______________________________________________________________
• ______________________________________________________________
• ______________________________________________________________
Types of trusses:
Arches An arch is a curved structure used to support a load. Examples - __________________
__________________________________________
Benefits of arches:
• ____________________________________
• ____________________________________
• ____________________________________
Domes A dome is a shell structure looking like half a sphere. Examples - ___________________
___________________________________________
Benefits of domes:
• ___________________________________________
• ___________________________________________
• _________________________________
Roman Aqueducts (move water)
Really Cool Science – Carbon Nanotubes
Design a Cantilever (Lesson #4, 5)
Engineer Names: __________________________________________
Materials: ________________________________________________
Time Limit: __________________
Length: ______________________________________(record when done)
Sketch of Design: [Draw in placement of all straws and tape. Label any ties, struts, gussets, Draw 3D].
Your Challenge – Design a cantilever that is anchored at one end. You can anchor structure to top and side of desk.