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MALAYSIA – CLIMATE CHANGE
MINISTRY OF ENERGY, SCIENCE, TECHNOLOGY, ENVIRONMENT & CLIMATE CHANGE
www.mestecc.gov.my
Regional Conference on Climate Change 25-27 September 2019
Sasana Kijang, Bank Negara MalaysiaKuala Lumpur
Welcome to the Anthropocene
Photo: The Star
Photo: Unsplash
Source: NASA
Climate Change
Climate Emergency
6
What is the world doing
Photo: IAS Express
7
Global Actions
UNFCCC
• Adopted on 1992
• The ‘mother’ Convention for Kyoto Protocol & Paris Agreement
Kyoto Protocol
• Adopted in Kyoto on 1997
• Come into force in 2005
• 1st Commitment Period (2008-2012)
• 2nd Commitment period – did not come into force
Paris Agreement
• Adopted in 2015
• A new global climate change agreement
• Implementation from 2021 onwards
The Paris Agreement
• Adopted in 2015 at COP 21, UNFCCC
• 195 signatories, 185 ratification
• 1 withdrawal (effective Nov 2020)
• Aim• Keeping temperature < 2oC and pursue to ≤ 1.5oC
• NDC – all countries (Malaysia: reduce GHG intensity by 45%, 2030)
• Finance, technology and capacity building
“Every extra bit of warming matters, especially since warming of 1.5°C or higher increases the risk associated with long-lasting or irreversible changes, such as the loss of some ecosystems,” Hans-Otto Pörtner, Co-Chair of IPCC Working Group II.
Source: NASA
~ 1oCCurrent NDC: 2.7-3.4oC
11Photo: The Star
ParameterObserved
(1970 - 2000)Projected for 2030 Projected for 2050
Average Annual Temperature
Peninsular Malaysia 25.4 – 26.5 oC26.0 – 27.4 oC
(0.6 to 0.9 OC increase)
26.6 – 28.1 oC
(1.2 to 1.6 oC increase)
Sabah 24.3 – 26.1oC25.3 – 26.9 oC
(0.8 to 1.0 OC increase)
25.7 – 27.4 oC
(1.3 to– 1.4 oC increase)
Sarawak 24.8 – 26.2 oC25.6 – 26.8 oC
(0.6 to 0.8 OC increase)
26.4 – 27.5 oC
(1.3 to 1.6 oC increase)
Average Annual Rainfall
Peninsular Malaysia 1891 – 2691 mm1998 – 2663 mm
(1 to 6 % increase)
2068 – 2805 mm
(7 to 11 % increase)
Sabah 2264 – 3532 mm2338 – 3392 mm
(-4 to 6 % increase)
2284 – 3549 mm
(about 1 % increase)
Sarawak 3551 – 3907 mm3597 – 4144 mm
(1 to 6 % increase)
3574 – 4124 mm
(1 to 5 % increase)
Source: NC-3 & BUR-2, 2018
Po
licy R
esp
on
se
Cabinet Approval Nov 2009
Policy StatementEnsure climate-resilient development to fulfil national aspirations for sustainability
Objectives1. Mainstream Climate Change2. Integrate response to national plans3. Institutional F/work
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ADAPTATION INITIATIVES
Flood Mitigation
- Flood risk management
Water Security
- Ground water
- Dams & reservoir
Food Security/ Agriculture
- study on rice, rubber, oil palm,
livestockCoastal
Protection
- Mapping of area with SLR risk
Public Health
- Disease control -dengue, malaria,
food & water borne diseases
Biodiversity- Study on growth
rates of forest trees, mangrove forests
Source: Malaysia’s INDC to UNFCCC, 2015 and NC-3 & BUR-2, 2018
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LOW CARBON CITIES (LCC)
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Low Carbon Cities can be defined as city and town that pursue ambitious GHG emission reductions through systematic process approach (Measure,
Manage & Mitigate)
Making cities sustainable means creating career and business opportunities, safe and affordable housing,
and building resilient societies and economies.
M a l a y s i a ’s c o m m i t m e n t t o
r e d u c e t h e g r e e n h o u s e g a s
e m i s s i o n t o 4 5 % b a s e d o n t h e
G r o s s D o m e s t i c P r o d u c t b y 2 0 3 0
( C O P 2 1 ) .
T h r u s t 4 o f R M K 1 1 :
P u r s u i n g g r e e n g r o w t h f o r
s u s t a i n a b i l i t y a n d r e s i l i e n c e
M a l a y s i a c o m m i t t e d t o r e t a i n 5 0 % o f i t s f o r e s t a r e a s ( C O P 2 1 )
U r b a n F o r e s t r y
C a r b o ns e q u e s t r a t i o n
I m p r o v e s t a n d a r d o f l i v i n g a n d e n s u r e h i g h q u a l i t y e n v i r o n m e n t
W H Y I T M AT T E R S F O R
M A L AY S I A
L E V E R AG E O N O U R R I C H
B I O D I V E R S I T Y
Q UA L I T Y O F L I F E
P R O M OT E S G R E E N G R OW T H
T H R O U G H G R E E N T EC H N O LO G Y
G H G R E D U C T I O N
HOW DOES THE SUCCESS OF LOW CARBON CITY LOOKS LIKE?
Catalyst of Change and Inspiration to other cities
and communities
Energy Efficient/ Low Carbon Buildings
Improve standard of livingPlant more high sequestration trees
Solar Township/ Buildings
Malaysia’s Inspiration
Transit Oriented Development – reachable
by walking and cycling
Low carbon emission
Government effort is visible & motivates people to value the Environment
Reduction of Municipal Waste
Energy & Water consumption reduction
Lesser/ negligible traffic congestion
Electric Vehicles/ Energy Efficient Vehicles
Efficient & Effective Mass Public Transport
Positioning Malaysia in the forefront of low carbon cities development
More Green Spaces & Green Connectors
Renewable Energy for decentralise energy
generation
21
22
www.gtfs.my
The Scheme offers a 2% p.a. interest/profit rate subsidy for the first seven years with 60% government guarantee on the financing.
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GITA & GITE
www.greentechmalaysia.my
• National Mitigation and Adaptation Plan
• Institutional F/work: National Climate Change Centre
• Legal Frame work
• Strengthening Implementation of Paris Agreement
• Enhance readiness for disaster
• Forecasting Tools for Disaster Alert
https://tinyurl.com/inisiatifmestecc2019
Malaysia Is The First Country In Asia To Launch A National
Chapter Of The World Economic Forum’s Climate
Governance Initiative (CGI)
Reflections……• National Priority
• The bigger picture let’s get real with CC (Science-policy)
• CBDR RC
• Leadership at all levels: small steps
• Leverage of nature based solution
• Mainstream Climate Change and Biodiversity
• Opportunity : Green Tech
• Incentives
• CEPA
• Actions at individual levels
www.igem.my
T H A N K Y O U