Mammals: What are they? Get ready to set up your concept map!

Unit Map: Follow Along in your packet WHAT ARE YOU LEARNING? AS.11.01: Explain the importance of scientifically classifying animals. AS.01.02: Handle and manage animals safely AS.06.01: Identify housing, sanitation, and safety considerations related to animal health.

Know Understand Do! Know Definition of mammals History of common companion mammals General Care Understand Types of companion animals Companion animal common uses throughout history and today Care characteristics for common mammals Do Identify common companion animals Summarize use of animals throughout history Design care sheets for common mammals

Assessments Common Group Frayer Models Dog Chapter Bookwork Cat Chapter Bookwork Culminating Group Chapter PowerPoint Jigsaw Graphic Organizers for Pet Care Exam

Key Learning: Mammals Unit EQ: What is a common characteristic of all companion mammals ? Concept : Common Small Mammals Lesson EQ: Why are small mammals popular? Vocab Repsonsible Pet Ownership Concept : Cats and Dogs Lesson EQ: How have cats and dogs evolved throughout history? Vocab AKC, CFA Concept : Mammals Lesson EQ: How is a mammal defined? Vocab Mammal, Taxonomy

Essential Question What is a mammal?

Classifying animals Taxonomy: science of naming animals based on characteristics they share Invented by: Carol (Carl) Linnaeus ALL things (living and non) have 7 names We use the last 2 Using last two names is called Bi(2)nominal nomenclature OR Scientific classification

7 Names As you travel down the ladder the groups get smaller until you get to one specific animal youre looking for!

Activity Break! Kingdom - King Phylum - Phillip Class - Came Order - Over Family - For Genus - Good Species - Spaghetti Activity: Each group come up with your own memory sentence ! You have 3 minutes. Write them on the board to share with the class.

Scientific Classification Always in Latin Italics (if typed) Cursive if written First name is the Genus Upper case Second name is the species Always lowercase Common name: The name we use on a daily basis Example: Jaguar: (Panthera onca)

Mammal: Definition An animal of the class Mammalia, characterize d by being warm- blooded, having hair and feeding milk to its young, have vertebrae

Mammal: Characteristics MUST BE: Endotherms: warm-blooded, maintain their own body temperature Example: Humans are always approx 98.6 degrees. You get cold, you put on a ____? Hair on majority of body Adaptation to help maintain body heat Mammary glands Produce milk for young Live-bearing: Give birth to live young

Mammal: Exception!?! Monotremes Mammal that lays egg There are only 2! Platypus - US Akidna Australia

Basic Mammal Classes / Groups Subclass Theria Give birth to live young Specialized dentition based on diet Infraclass Metatheria: Marsupials Babies develop in mothers pouch Infraclass Eutheria: Placentals Babies develop in a placenta inside mother More developed young at birth

Activity Groups of 3 Computer Work Fill in Frayer Model Mammals Reptiles Amphibians Fish

Review Vocab you learned: Taxonomy, Binominal Nomenclature, Mammal Answer your Daily EQ on your Concept Map What is a mammal? Exit Question Think about it What types of mammals do you know? Next Class Common Mammals

Mammals: Common Mammals

Objectives Define common mammals and their characteristics

Essential Question What are the basic requirements for taking care of a mammal?

What is a common mammal? Mammals normally owned by humans without special licensing Examples: Dog Cat Guinea Pig Rats and Mice Rabbits Hamsters Gerbils Chinchillas Ferrets

Group Jigsaw! What is a Jigsaw? Each person in the group has their own job Put all the pieces together to form the final picture! Parts of the Project Vocabulary Anatomy Care Common Diseases

Project Outline : Rubric Overview Each group will Give 5+ slides on Chapter in the book Each person in the group must complete the chapter book work: 30 points (process) Design a quiz for the end: 10 points No word searched or crosswords! Cover the following information Vocabulary : 10 pts Anatomy : 10 points Common Diseases : 10 points Care : 10 points

Review Vocab you learned today: (Presented by students) Answer your daily EQ on your map How are common mammals defined? Exit Question: Think about it How do we provide for animals needs? Next Class: Dog Overview

Mammals: Dogs Overview

Objectives Define dog groups Analyze characteristics of dog groupings

Essential Question How are dogs classified?

History Evolved from wolves Hunting aides, protection Humans picked based on desired traits Selective breeding animals with the best (most desired) traits kept for breeding Examples: Color, Size, Temperament (attitude), abilities

Groups of today Groups are defined by the AKC American Kennel Club The American organization responsible for dog registrations of every recognized breed. They also sanction conformation, sporting and other events. Sporting Hound Working Terrier Toy Non-Sporting Miscellaneous

Sporting Characteristics Naturally active and alert likeable, well-rounded companions. Members of the Group include pointers, retrievers, setters and spaniels. Remarkable for their instincts in water and woods, many of these breeds actively continue to participate in hunting and other field activities. Potential owners need to realize that most require regular, invigorating exercise.

Hound Characteristics common ancestral trait of being used for hunting. acute scenting powers gift of stamina as they relentlessly run down quarry. Some hounds share the distinct ability to produce a unique sound known as baying. Members of the group: There are Pharaoh Hounds, Norwegian Elkhounds, Afghans and Beagles, among others.

Working Characteristics bred to perform such jobs as guarding property, pulling sleds and performing water rescues. Quick to learn, these intelligent, capable animals make solid companions Members of the group include The Doberman Pinscher, Siberian Husky and Great Dane are included in this Group, to name just a few. Their considerable dimensions and strength alone, however, make many working dogs unsuitable as pets for average families. And again, by virtue of their size alone, these dogs must be properly trained.

Terrier Characteristics These are feisty, energetic dogs whose sizes range from fairly small little tolerance for other animals bred to hunt and kill vermin have wiry coats that require special grooming Members of the group include the Norfolk, Cairn or West Highland White Terrier, to the grand Airedale Terrier. In general, they make engaging pets, but require owners with the determination to match their dogs' lively characters

Toy Characteristics to embody sheer delight. Don't let their tiny stature fool you, though popular with city dwellers and people without much living space. We [AKC] advise everyone to seriously consider getting a small breed, when appropriate, if for no other reason than to minimize some of the problems inherent in canines such as shedding, creating messes and cost of care.

Non-Sporting Characteristics diverse group. Members of the group include the Chow Chow, Dalmatian, French Bulldog, and Keeshond, the Schipperke and Tibetan Spaniel

Herding Characteristics newest AKC classification ability to control the movement of other animals. In general, these intelligent dogs make excellent companions and respond beautifully to training exercises. Members of the group include: Corgies, Old English Sheep dog, Puli and many more

General Care Feeding depends on age Less meals per day as animal gets older High in protein Regular Grooming Bath, clean ears, brush teeth, clip nails Depends on coat type = how regular Training House break (no potty inside!) Regular procedures Nail clipping, brushing, sit, stay, etc For safety Exercise Prevents destructive behavior

Anatomy: Review (Where is your worksheet?)

Think about it Dog Video Questions worksheet

Activities 1. Chapter 7: Dogs Please answer the discussion questions at the end of the chapter Only COMPLETE sentences receive COMPLETE credit Review of Dog Groups Read the article and complete the graphic organizer

Review: Vocab you learned today: AKC Answer your Daily EQ on your concept map How are dogs classified? Exit Question: Think about it How do dogs and wolves differ? Next Class: Cats

Mammals: Cats

Objectives Define cat breeds Explore cat care

Warm- up What is this? What does it represent?

Essential Question In what ways can cat breeds differ?

History: History Domesticated after settled agriculture in Egypt Purpose- controlling vermin Priests used them as deification Middle ages- associated with satan, witches and warlocks

Cats: Video Once Finished: Answer the following in 10 complete sentences of more How has the view and usage of cats changed over the years?

Think about it How has the view of cats changed throughout history?

Cat Care Feeding # of meals changes with age Less as animal gets older Grooming Depends on coat, some brushing required Cats self groom regularly Clip nails (if desired) or provide scratch pad Training Litter train Most cats learn on their own Exercise Provide stimulation for your pet and proper toys to avoid house damages

Basic care of cats Litter Box All indoor cats need one 1 box per floor Scoop solid wastes once a day Once a week- dump everything, wash with a mild detergent, and refill

Common Breeds 41 recognized Top 10 10 : Tonkinese 9: American Short Hair 8: Oriental 7: Birman 6: Ragdoll 5: Abyssinian 4: Siamese 3: Exotic/ Shorthaired Persian 2: Main Coon 1: Persian

Cat Breed Differences: Coat Type Curly, Long, Short, None Coat Colors White, colored points (toes etc), Calico (mixed colors) etc Ears Folded or not Tails Long or none

Anatomy Review Do you have your worksheet?

Activities Book Work Discussion questions on Cat Chapter Complete sentences!

Review Vocab you learned: None Answer your Daily EQ on your map: In what ways can cat breeds differ? Exit Question: Think about it Is their more dogs, or cats in the United States? Next Class Small Mammals

Mammals: Small Common Mammals

Objectives Identify common small mammals Understand their uses Explain small mammal general care requirements

Warm-up What are these? What are they supposed to represent? How can this model pet care for small children?

Essential Question How are hamsters and guinea pigs similar to each other?

Hamster History Golden Hamster- most often found in pet stores. Native to Syria dessert Discovered in 1930 in Jerusalem Used and bred for experimentation

Hamster Characteristics Nocturnal Cheek pouches to carry food (hoarders) Protective of their territory (may bite) Solitary animals Life span of 1-3 years

Hamsters Rodents Subfamily Cricetinae 25 species 6 genera

Hamster Behavior Crepuscular Active during dusk and twilight Some are nocturnal Mostly solitary Dwarf species sometimes kept together Excellent Diggers Build burrows, tunnels, nests, rooms for food storage Torpor- period of rest (not total hibernation), stockpile food

Hamster Reproduction Sexually Mature 1-3 months of age Female able to reproduce for 18 months Seasonal Breeders- April to October Gestation-16-21 days Litter Size- 1-13 Young called pups

Hamster Longevity 1-3 years in captivity Less in the wild

Breeds of Hamsters

General Care Bedding: Wood Chips Not pine or cedar (oil is bad for animals respiratory system) Feed Seed/Pellet mix (bags labeled at stores) Water available at all times Cage Many can squeeze through bars, plastic cages are normally used

General Care

Hamster handling

Hamster diseases and ailments Common Diseases Wet Tail: Diarrhea Stress induced. Most common ailment Tyzzers Disease Common Diarrhea Lice

Activity Book Work Discussion Questions for Hamster Chapter Complete Sentences!

Guinea Pigs

Cavies! Cavia porcellus Rodent Native to Andes Mountains Common in folk lore and rituals, and food! Traders brought cavies to Europe as exotic pets!

Cavies Weigh: 1.5-2.5 lbs Length: 8-10 inches 4 toes on forefeet and 3 on hind feet Eyes on side of head Sensitive hearing Sense of smell highly developed Live in colonies or clans in wild 1 dominant male and 5-10 females

Cavy Behavior Popcorning Excitement! Little hops Set a hierarchy Self and socially groom Messy! Kick out bedding due to structure of legs

Cavy Breeding Breed year round Gestation avg= 65 days 1-6 pups Born developed: eyesight, hair, nails Sexually mature: 3-5 weeks Females: can become preg. w/ 24 hours of giving birth

Cavy Care Cage Hard bottom to prevent foot injury Feed Hay based, pellets to help with teeth MUST SUPPLEMENT Vitamin C Dark leafy greens and veggies for treats Health Common problems: scurvy, respiratory problems Clip nails regularly Closely monitor teeth

Dental Exam: Maloclussion

Cavies in Research Since the 1600s Mostly used for studying infectious diseases Used to study juvenile diabetes

Guinea Pig / Cavy Stuff!

Guinea Pigs: Breeds

Handling

Common Diseases Respiratory diseases Mites Malocclusion Abscess

Activity Break Lab Work!: Bring your worksheet! Guinea pigs Practice handling Demonstrate nail clipping Discuss the need Analyze cage setting

Activities Fill in your graphic organizer for guinea pigs and hamsters Book work Review Questions for Guinea Pig Chapter

Review Vocab you learned Crespucular, Malocclusion Answer your Daily EQ on your map How are hamsters and guinea pigs similar? Exit Question to think about What do rabbits and guinea pigs and hamsters have in common? Next Class: Rabbits

Mammals: Rabbits

Objectives Identify characteristics of rabbits Understand general care practices for rabbits

Warm-up What is wrong here? How could this happen?

Essential Question What is special about rabbit digestion?

History Order Lagomorpha Fossil remains found 30-37 million years ago Hunted for food, and used to make clothing Meat: High in protein, low in fat, low in sodium French monks domesticated rabbit Introduced to the US at the beginning of the 20 th century Currently: Used as pets Minor food source Experimentation : Draize eye test

Rabbit- Uses Meat Wool- Angora Laboratory Production of antibodies for vaccines, asthma, diabetes, cancer, stroke prevention Exhibition Conformation/Showing Show jumping

Rabbits Extreme prolificacy ability to reproduce quickly, Australia= Huge rabbit problems! Built a rabbit- proof fence

Rabbits- Anatomy Info Long hears= sensitive hearing 5 toes, one very tiny Walk on the tips of toes Important to consider when picking cages COPROPHAGY! Digest twice! Grass is very fibrous. This is more difficult to digest and get 100% of the nutrients. 2x digesting fixes this issue

Rabbits- Breeding/ Repro Kindling- birth process in rabbits Bifurcated uterus Multiple matings, multiple partners, multiple impregnations Bucks (males) sterile during summer Babies= Kits/Kittens 1-14 per litter Gestation=30-32 days

Rabbit- Breeds/Types English Angora, Lionhead, Dwarf Hotot, Chinchilla, Dutch, Elfin, Flemish Giant, Himalayan, Netherland Dwarf, Holland Lop, Silver, Silver fox, English spot, Havana, Florida White, New Zealand, Rex, Polish, Jersey Wooly, Satin, and Mini Lop. English AngoraLionheadDwarf HototChinchillaDutchElfinFlemish GiantHimalayanNetherland DwarfHolland LopRexPolishJersey WoolySatinMini Lop

Rabbit- Care Cage Solid bottom (at least part of cage) Hide away Wood chips (low oil) Well ventilated Wide doors, prevent injury when picking up animal Food Hay based, pellets Wood chews, salt/mineral lick

Rabbit- Stuff!

Anatomy Do you have your worksheet?

Handling

Common Diseases and Ailments Common Disease: Enteritis : inflammation of intestines Snuffles: sneezing with white discharge Mastitis : inflammation of mammary glands Weepy Eye: inflammation of the tear duct area

Activities Graphic organizer for rabbit care. Book Work Discussion questions for rabbit chapter. Complete sentences

Review Vocab you learned: Corprophagy Answer your Daily EQ on your map What is special about rabbit digestion? Exit Question: Think about it Why is it important to keep male and female rabbits separated? Next Class: Mice, Gerbils, Rats

Mammals: Rats, Gerbils, Mice, Chinchillas

Objectives Identify care requirements of mice, gerbils, rats Understand basic anatomy and care requirements

Warm-up Which picture is correct?

Essential Question How does chinchilla care differ from rats, mice, and gerbils??

Gerbils 14 different species Most common- Mongolian gerbil Very quiet animals Life expectancy- 2-4 years Gestation period- 24-26 days Litters of 1-10, 3-4 average.

Gerbils: Diseases Seldom affected by disease Respiratory infections Nasal dermatitis-hair loss and red swollen areas of the skin. Tyzzers Disease Fleas Lice Mites

Mice 36 species Most common- house mouse Smell is most highly developed sense Primarily nocturnal, pets may come out during the day

Mice Prefer company of other mice (colony) Free of disease if given proper diet, housing, and exercise. Sexually mature at 4 weeks 21 days gestation Litters 5-10

Rats Once considered vermin, now shown at exhibition Defined by colors and color patterns Including eye color

Care: Gerbil/Mice/Rats Glass cages are safest for animal and owner Wood chip bedding Low oil House for sleeping Water bottle and food bowl preferably chew proof Food Pellets (to keep teeth trimmed) and seeds

Activity Book Work: Discussion Questions from the Gerbil, Mice and Rat chapters Complete sentences Fill in your care guides

Chinchillas Used for fur throughout history Single full length coat requires 150 pelts Follicles have 60+ hairs/follicle. Humans = 1 hair/follicle 2 species Defined by color

Chin Care Require exercise Wheel Try to avoid metal grated cages Toes and tails can get easily caught Overheat very easily! They cannot sweat! Chew toys Wood (with low oil and resin), pumice stone Require Dust Baths: absorbs oil and dirt

Chin Colors Standard Gray (natural color), beige, white, ebony

Chinchillas Fill out your care sheet Use book to help you Complete the discussion questions on Chinchillas Complete sentences

Review: Vocab you learned: NONE Answer your Daily EQ on your map How does Chinchilla care differ from gerbils, mice, and rats? Exit Question: Think about it How can all mammal care be summarized (What are their basic requirements) ? Next Class: Exam Review and Exam!

Exam Review Know this vocabulary: Please define Please Answer the following in complete sentences

Documents

Mammals: What are they? Get ready to set up your concept map!