PREPARED BY

Ing. Panagiotis Xefteris

MANAGEMENT FUNDAMENTALS

FOR AEROSPACE PROJECTS

BY PANAGIOTIS “PANOS” XEFTERISBY PANAGIOTIS “PANOS” XEFTERIS

AEROSPACE TECHNOLOGY ACCUMULATES ALMOST THE ENTIRETY OF THE MOST ADVANCED SCIENTIFIC, TECHNICAL AND MANAGERIAL HUMAN KNOWLEDGE.

MOST OF THE AEROSPACE TECHNOLOGY IS USED IN ALL OTHER HUMAN ACTIVITIES AND SOCIAL PROCESSES IN FIELDS SUCH AS

MEDICINE, INFORMATICS, CONSTRUCTION, TRANSPORTATION, FOOD PROCESSING, INDUSTRIAL GOODS/EQUIPMENT, MARINE ,

COMMUNICATIONS ETC.

THE ISSUES EXPLOITED HEREIN HAVE A VERY RECENT PAST. THE

INTEGRATED MANAGEMENT AND TECHNICAL ACTIVITIES STARTED EFFECTIVELY WITH THE APOLLO PROJECT IN AN EFFORT TO CONQUER

THE MOON….ALL STARTED THERE…WITH HUNDREDS OF COMPANIES WORKING TOGETHER SO AS TO ACHIEVE A COMPLEX MISSION.

AEROSPACE TECHNOLOGY ACCUMULATES ALMOST THE ENTIRETY OF THE MOST ADVANCED SCIENTIFIC, TECHNICAL AND MANAGERIAL HUMAN KNOWLEDGE.

MOST OF THE AEROSPACE TECHNOLOGY IS USED IN ALL OTHER HUMAN ACTIVITIES AND SOCIAL PROCESSES IN FIELDS SUCH AS

MEDICINE, INFORMATICS, CONSTRUCTION, TRANSPORTATION, FOOD PROCESSING, INDUSTRIAL GOODS/EQUIPMENT, MARINE ,

COMMUNICATIONS ETC.

THE ISSUES EXPLOITED HEREIN HAVE A VERY RECENT PAST. THE

INTEGRATED MANAGEMENT AND TECHNICAL ACTIVITIES STARTED EFFECTIVELY WITH THE APOLLO PROJECT IN AN EFFORT TO CONQUER

THE MOON….ALL STARTED THERE…WITH HUNDREDS OF COMPANIES WORKING TOGETHER SO AS TO ACHIEVE A COMPLEX MISSION.

WHAT EFFORT IS TAKEN TODAY FOR ACCOMPLISHING A COMPLEX SYSTEM?

AND WHY MANAGEMENT OF SUCH PROJECTS IS SO A COMPLICATED TASK?

WHAT EFFORT IS TAKEN TODAY FOR ACCOMPLISHING A COMPLEX SYSTEM?

AND WHY MANAGEMENT OF SUCH PROJECTS IS SO A COMPLICATED TASK?

It is an aggregation of interdisciplinary Projects that when are performed and accomplished successfully lead to a planned and desired result. When all Projects within a Program converge to a single homogeneous task or set of tasks then the term “Project “ is interchangeable with the term “ Program “.

It is an aggregation of Homogeneous Tasks

characterized by a Life-Cycle.

Getting Tasks Done Through Combined Resources

Getting Tasks Done Through Combined Resources

MAN – AGIRE = ACT UPON AND THROUGH MENMAN – AGIRE = ACT UPON AND THROUGH MEN

MANAGEMENTMANAGEMENT

A System* is the Physical, Functional and Operational

Aggregation of Hardware, Firmware and Software Configurations , Personnel, Logistics and Operations Required to Accomplish a Defined Mission and/or Missions in a prescribed Environment and over a set Life Cycle (Time).

*A STOCHASTIC DEFINITION OF A SYSTEM FOLLOWS

Where : N Represents the

set of Environment objects

G:N F is the mapping

of environment states into system inputs

F represents the set of

admisible system input functions

X represents the allowable

state space for the system

A :F X is the state

transition function for the system.

OP: F X Y is

the operational process of the system

T represents the time scale

Where : N Represents the

set of Environment objects

G:N F is the mapping

of environment states into system inputs

F represents the set of

admisible system input functions

X represents the allowable

state space for the system

A :F X is the state

transition function for the system.

OP: F X Y is

the operational process of the system

T represents the time scale

It Is a System that Performs a Specific Manned or Unmanned Flight Mission within a given Operational Environment that conforms its intended use.

Fixed Wing Aircraft

Rotary Wing Aircraft

Ballistic Systems and Launchers

Spacecraft (incl. Re-entry Space Vehicles)

Satellites

Space-borne Infrastructures

Unmanned Systems

Fixed Wing Aircraft

Rotary Wing Aircraft

Ballistic Systems and Launchers

Spacecraft (incl. Re-entry Space Vehicles)

Satellites

Space-borne Infrastructures

Unmanned Systems

BASIC CHARACTERIZATION OF AEROSPACE SYSTEMS

BASIC CHARACTERIZATION OF AEROSPACE SYSTEMS

IT IS A FLIGHT ENVELOPE OBJECTIVE(S), PRE-ESTABLISHED SO AS TO DEFINE A JOURNEY(S) BY AN AEROSPACE VEHICLE (MANNED OR UNMANNED) WITHIN AND/OR BEYOND THE EARTH’S ATMOSPHERE, USUALLY FOR THE PURPOSES TO SATISFY SPECIFIC OPERATIONAL NEEDS AND CONSTRAINTS.

IT IS A FLIGHT ENVELOPE OBJECTIVE(S), PRE-ESTABLISHED SO AS TO DEFINE A JOURNEY(S) BY AN AEROSPACE VEHICLE (MANNED OR UNMANNED) WITHIN AND/OR BEYOND THE EARTH’S ATMOSPHERE, USUALLY FOR THE PURPOSES TO SATISFY SPECIFIC OPERATIONAL NEEDS AND CONSTRAINTS.

IT IS A TIME LIMITED CYCLIC PROCESS WHERE THE PROJECT IS

BORN (DEVELOPED) , LIVES (PRODUCED AND OPERATED) AND

DIES(DISPOSED OR DECOMMISSIONED).

IT IS A TIME LIMITED CYCLIC PROCESS WHERE THE PROJECT IS

BORN (DEVELOPED) , LIVES (PRODUCED AND OPERATED) AND

DIES(DISPOSED OR DECOMMISSIONED).

It is a Program that Conceives, Defines, Develops, Implements, Produces, Activates, Operates and Disposes at the End of its Life an Aerospace System

PHASE ICONCEPT AND PERFORMANCEREQUIREMENTS

DETERMINATION

PHASE IIDESIGN REQUIREMENTS

DEFINITION

PHASE IIIDESIGN DEVELOPMENT AND QUALIFICATION TESTING

PERFORMANCE

PHASE IVSYSTEMBECOMES / IS

OPERATIONAL(DEPLOYMENT)

CONCEPT

DETERMINATION

SYSTEM DEFINITION

SYSTEM DEVELOPMENT

SYSTEM PRODUCTION & OPERATIONAL

DETERMINED DEFINED DERIVEDESTABLISHED & MAINTAINED

IT IS AN OPERATIONALLY AUTONOMOUS SYSTEM THAT SATISFIES

FULLY ITS MISSION PERFORMANCE* REQUIREMENTS THROUGH A PREDEFINED AND LOGICAL INTERACTION AMONG HARDWARE, FIRMWARE, SOFTWARE, PERSONNEL AND SUPPORT MEANS.

IT IS AN OPERATIONALLY AUTONOMOUS SYSTEM THAT SATISFIES

FULLY ITS MISSION PERFORMANCE* REQUIREMENTS THROUGH A PREDEFINED AND LOGICAL INTERACTION AMONG HARDWARE, FIRMWARE, SOFTWARE, PERSONNEL AND SUPPORT MEANS.

* Mission Performance Requirements may be considered as a set of

Operational Performance, Reliability, Maintainability, Availability and Safety parameters to be achieved in the system’s life cycle.

* Mission Performance Requirements may be considered as a set of

Operational Performance, Reliability, Maintainability, Availability and

Safety parameters to be achieved in the system’s life cycle.

The WBS is the Presentation, in a Hierarchical Cascade form, of all PRODUCTS, COMPONENTS, SERVICES,AND WORK TASKS that are necessary to Obtain the Project Life Cycle. As such it provides the summary definition of all required Design, Development, Analysis, Verification, Production, Procurement, Management and Support of the Totally Integrated Aerospace System with all its related Equipment, Materials, Services, Facilities and Personnel required to render it self sufficient and capable to operate in its intendedmission environment.

A NSA PROJECT

AA PRIME MISSIONSYSTEM

AB PROGRAM

MANAGEMENTAC SYSTEM

ENGINEERINGAD INTEGRATED

LOGISTIC SUPPORT

AF SYSTEM

ACTIVATION &

DEPLOYMENT

AE SYSTEM TEST

EVALUATION AND

QUALIFICATION

AAA

AIRFRAME

AAB POWER

PLANT

AAC DYNAMIC

& FLIGHT

CONTROL S/S

AAD

AVIONICS S/S

AAE NAV &

GUIDANCE S/S

AAF MISSION

& DATA

HANDLING S/S

AAG AUXILIARY

EQUIPMENT

AAH PMS

INTEGRATION

& ASSEMBLY

ABA PLANNING&

ORGANIZING

ABB PROJECT

WIDE

PROGRAMS MGT

ABC SUPPORT

PROGRAMS MGT

ABD

COORDINATION

MANAGEMENT

ACA PLANNING&

ORGANIZING

ACB PMS

SYSTEM ENGR

ACC ILS

SYSTEM ENGR

ACD SPECIALTY

SYSTEM ENGR

ADA OPS SUPPORT

CENTERS

ADB

TRAINING

ADC

LINE SUPPORT

CAPABILITY

ADD

SUPPORT

TOOLS &

EQUIPMENT

ADE SUPPLY

SUPPORT

ADF

DATA

ADG SUPPORT

FACILITIES

ADH

PERSONNEL

AEA PMS

T.E.Q.

AEB SUPPORT

SYSTEM T.E.Q.

AEC FLIGHT

TESTING

AED MOCKUPS

& SIMULATORS

AEE T.E.Q.

SUPPORT

AEF T.E.Q.

FACILITIES

AFA INTERIM

SUPPORT

AFB NSA-SHIP

INTERFACE

AFC OPERATIONAL

FACILITIES

AFD

OPS/SUPPORT

UNITS ACTIVATION

AFE EXISTING

SYSTEMS

DE-ACTIVATION

NSA PROJECT W.B.S.

Levels 1,2, & 3

THERE ARE THREE (3) BASIC COMPONENTS, IN TERMS

OF PROCESSES, ACTIVITIES AND ORGANIZATIONS SO

AS TO IMPLEMENT SUCCESSEFULLY AN AEROSPACE

PROGRAM, NAMELY:

THERE ARE THREE (3) BASIC COMPONENTS, IN TERMS

OF PROCESSES, ACTIVITIES AND ORGANIZATIONS SO

AS TO IMPLEMENT SUCCESSEFULLY AN AEROSPACE

PROGRAM, NAMELY:

1. PROGRAM MANAGEMENT

2. SYSTEMS ENGINEERING

3. INTEGRATED LOGISTICS SUPPORT

1. PROGRAM MANAGEMENT

2. SYSTEMS ENGINEERING

3. INTEGRATED LOGISTICS SUPPORT

It is the business within a Program to plan, administer, control, and coordinate all efforts and recourses ( financial, human, technological and tooling ) so as to achieve and/or obtain all planned program objectives and desired results in a pre-established finite timetable.

It is a group of at least two or more personsdedicated through their effort to the same Project and by extension of the definition to the same Program, with the main objective to accomplish successfully the planned Project.

PROGRAM MANAGEMENTPROGRAM MANAGEMENT

Planning and Organizing(WBS,OBS, WPDs, SCHEDULES)

Planning and Organizing(WBS,OBS, WPDs, SCHEDULES)

Cost / Schedule Control System ( C/SCS )Cost / Schedule Control System ( C/SCS )

Project Wide-Programs ManagementProject Wide-Programs Management

Risk ManagementRisk Management

Production ManagementProduction Management

Subcontracts ManagementSubcontracts Management

Collaborative Industrial ProgramCollaborative Industrial Program

Work Packages (WPs ) ManagementWork Packages (WPs ) Management

Informatics and Data ManagementInformatics and Data Management

Support Programs ManagementSupport Programs Management

Contractor / Customer Coordination

Management

Contractor / Customer Coordination

Management

The OBS is the Presentation, in a Structured Hierarchical Cascade form, of all personnel involved in the Project. This includes direct , indirect , subcontracted and consulting Project personnel.

ITS PURPOSE IS:

q TO IDENTIFY THOSE MEMBERS OF THE PROJECT TEAM WHO WILL BE DIRECTLY RESPONSIBLE FOR THE PERFORMANCE OF THE SPECIFIC CONTRACTUAL WORK( UNDER THE WBS ).

q TO DEFINE THE ORGANIZATIONAL FRAMEWORK FOR COST ACCOUNT PLANNING AND WORK PERFORMANCE REPORTING.

q TO PROVIDE A FRAMEWORK TO SUMMARIZE WORK PERFORMANCE.

PROGRAM

MANAGER

SYSTEM ENGINEERING MANAGER

PROGRAM PLANNING

SCHEDULING &

CONTROL MANAGER

PRODUCT

ASSURANCE MANAGER

CONFIGURATION

MANAGER

RISK

MANAGER

ILS

MANAGER

CONTRACTS &

BUSINESS MANAGER

PRODUCTION

MANAGER

OPERATIONS

MANAGER

NSA PROJECT O.B.S. 1&2 LEVEL

1. Leadership

2. Team Building

3. Conflict Resolution

4. Technical Expertise

5. Planning

6. Organizing

7. Entrepreneurship

8. Administrating

9. Supporting Senior Management

10. Resource Allocating

Ø Total Management Control Systems

Ø Management Methods, State-of-the-Art Practices, and Procedures

Ø Totally Integrated Program (s) Approach

Ø Technology Involved

Ø Technical Tooling and Resources Employed

Ø Technological Trends

Ø Business Aspects Understanding regarding the System / Product and Function to be Managed

Ø Specific Applications of the System/Product and Services Involved

q CUSTOMER PROBLEM ORIENTATION PM is used to solve specific, identifiable problems. It accomplishes a problem within stated objectives i.e. Cost , Schedule, and Performance. It is a single customer interface process.

q MULTI-DISCIPLINARY ACTIVITY Problem solving in PM often requires the

contributions of several discipline-oriented specialists. The PM is Manager and Integrator of diverse expertise and disciplines.

q FINITE DURATION Program Organizations are utilized only for the completion

of an assigned task. That is why most Program Organizations are similar or identical to the Project WBS. Once the Program objectives have been achieved,

the program organization is disbanded.

q CHANGE ORIENTED The environments for programs change, political influences change, budgets may change, and the scope and objectives of the

program may change. The PM must often be a manager of change. A manager of change must often alter other people’s attitudes to accomplish his/her

objectives.

q SYSTEMS PERSPECTIVE Program Management requires a “Systems”approach. The Program Manager must be cognizant not only of the internal

workings and operations of the program but also of the wider environment of the program.

q HORIZONTAL / VERTICAL ORGANIZATIONAL RELATIONSHIPSProgram Management is an organizational design methodology whichoften “ violates “ classical chain – of – command principles. The Program Team must often operate both vertically and horizontally within the company organization. There is a greater potential for flexible “free-form”problem solving.

q INNOVATION IN ORGANIZATIONAL DESIGN Program Management

Teams are designed on the basis of the task to be performed ( WBS ), the characteristics of the “host” organization, and the nature of the internal

and external organizational interfacing required. The requirements of a program often need innovation in Organizational design.

q RESPONSIBILITY IDENTIFICATION an effectively established Program

Management System identifies the points-of-commitments for the various Program Work Packages ( PWPs) [ TASKS ] to be accomplished. It

identifies WHO is responsible for WHAT and WHEN ( ACCOUNTABILITY ).

The key qualities of the successful Project Manager which contribute mostly to an also successful PM , may be summarized as follows:

Ø Administrative and Organizational abilities;

Ø Aggressiveness with diplomacy and tact ( Conflict Management

knowledge and experience are mandatory requirements to a successful PM );

Ø Technical knowledge ( Systems Engineering, Design, Manufacturing, Quality Assurance, and Testing );

Ø Documentation and Informatics skills;

Ø Attention to details;

Ø Familiarity with the Company and its procedures; and

Ø Familiarity with the product(s) and system(s).

ONE OF THE MAJOR TASKS OF PROGRAM MANAGEMENT IS BUILDING EFFECTIVE TEAMS FOR THE TOTAL PROGRAM ORGANIZATION. THIS HIGHLY SKILLED EFFORT REQUIRES THE UNDERSTANDING OF MANY INTERACTING ORGANIZATIONAL AND BEHAVIORAL PATTERNS.

THE EFFECTIVE

TEAM

WBS

ELEMENT A

ELEMENT B

ELEMENT C

OBS

FUNCTION A FUNCTION B FUNCTION C

WBS = DEFINITION OF PRODUCTS, COMPONENTS, SERVICES,AND WORK TASKS

OBS = DEFINITION OF FUNCTIONS, RESPONSIBILITIES, AND AUTHORITY WITHIN THE PROJECT WBS

O B

SW B S

PROGRAM

PROJECT A PROJECT B PROJECT C

SYSTEM ENGR

PROJECT X….

ADMINISTRATION

PRODUCTION

FUNCTION X

TASK

System Engineering (SE) is the Technical and Management Effort of Directing and Controlling all Engineering Activities related to the Totally Integrated Aerospace System. It includes the effort to transform the statement of an operational need into a technical description including the task of defining, optimizing and integrating the Logistic Support considerations.The SE encompasses the following specific efforts:

q Project Technical Planning, Organizing and Control

q System Design, Development and Evaluation

q Logistics and Operations Engineering

q Specialty Engineering

q Production Engineering

q Integrated Testing

Totally Integrated

Aerospace System

System Engineering (TIAS-SE)

System EngineeringManagement ( SEM )

Prime Mission SystemSystem Engineering

(PMS-SE)

Integrated Logistics

Support System Engineering

(ILS-SE)

Specialty System Engineering

(Sp-SE)

System Engineering Work Breakdown Structure - Continue

System Engineering Management (SEM)

AAAAA SE Planning, Scheduling and Control

AAB SE Organizing

AAC SE Coordination

System Engineering Work Breakdown Structure - Continue

Prime Mission SystemSystem Engineering

(PMS-SE)

AB

ABA PMS Structural Integrity Program

ABB PMS Environmental Engineering Program

ABC PMS Electrical Power Engineering Program

ABD PMS Survivability and Vulnerability Eng. Program

ABE PMS Weight Control Engineering

ABE PMS Thermal Control Engineering

ABF PMS EMP/EMC Program

ABG PMS Antenna Engineering

ABH PMS Electronics Engineering

ABI PMS Software Engineering

ABJ PMS Payload Engineering

Integrated Logistics Support System Engineering

(ILS-SE)

System Engineering Work Breakdown Structure - Continue

ACACA ILS Determination Program

ACB ILS Verification Program

ACC ILS Validation Program

System Engineering Work Breakdown Structure - Continue

Specialty System Engineering

(Sp-SE)

AD

ADA Engineering Development Program

ADB System Safety

ADC Human Engineering

ADD Reliability, Availability, and Maintainability (RAM)

ADE Product Assurance Program

ADF Proof of Compliance Program

ADG Qualification Program

ADH Value Engineering Program

ADI Configuration Management Program

ADJ Assembly, Integration and Test Engineering

ADK System Deployment Program

ADL Production Engineering Program

ADM Parts Control and Standardization Program

ADN Security Engineering

ADO Facilities/Infrastructure Engineering

ADP Network Engineering

ADQ Mission and Operations Engineering

The System Engineering Process is given by the mapping,

SE : N F WS

The System Engineering Process is given by the mapping,

SE : N F WS

where N and F are the environmental and resource inputs and WS

is the whole process. The Objective Function for the whole system

where N and F are the environmental and resource inputs and WS

is the whole process. The Objective Function for the whole system

is expressed by = g [ G (Schedule Control) ; G (OperationalSystem); G (Support System) ].

is expressed by = g [ G (Schedule Control) ; G (OperationalSystem); G (Support System) ].

The Optimal value for an SE problem is given by the function:The Optimal value for an SE problem is given by the function:

∫∫ gsc( Xsc , Msc , N )dtgsc( Xsc , Msc , N )dt

E |L ( XOS , XSS , MOS , MSS , N , U )( tf – tc )E |L ( XOS , XSS , MOS , MSS , N , U )( tf – tc )

Where gsc is the performance function for the schedule control (SC), XSC

represents the trajectory of SC, MSE are the model outcomes from SE. The second term in the above function represents the measure of the system cost-effectiveness.

Where gsc is the performance function for the schedule control (SC), XSC

represents the trajectory of SC, MSE are the model outcomes from SE. The second term in the above function represents the measure of the system cost-effectiveness.

In the previous model it is considered that real systems operate in environmentswith natural or man-generated perturbations (e.g. human errors), uncertainty in

the evolution of the system, multiple interactions with the environment, penalties for an improper operation and low quality performances. In the

realization of the total system, the planning process is dependent on additionalcost and time constraints such that:

∑ri ≤ tc ; ∑ Lij(rj) ≤ Lmax , ( i= 1,2,…….)

In the previous model it is considered that real systems operate in environmentswith natural or man-generated perturbations (e.g. human errors), uncertainty in

the evolution of the system, multiple interactions with the environment, penalties for an improper operation and low quality performances. In the

realization of the total system, the planning process is dependent on additionalcost and time constraints such that:

∑ri ≤ tc ; ∑ Lij(rj) ≤ Lmax , ( i= 1,2,…….)ii jj

where rj represents the time for which the system can be in state j and Lij

represents the cost of a transition between two states of the system. Parameters tc and Lmax represent the start time for the system and the upper limit of available resources, respectively.

where rj represents the time for which the system can be in state j and Lij

represents the cost of a transition between two states of the system. Parameters tc and Lmax represent the start time for the system and the upper limit of available resources, respectively.

STATE OF

ART

STATE OF

ART

DESIGN CONCEPT

DESIGN CONCEPT

STATE OF

NATURE

STATE OF

NATURE

RESOURCESRESOURCES

DEVELOPMENTDEVELOPMENT

DESIGN VARIABLES

DESIGN VARIABLES

INTEREST RATES

INTEREST RATES

COST MODEL

COST MODEL

PERFORMANCE DESIGN

PERFORMANCE DESIGN

RELIABILITY DESIGN

RELIABILITY DESIGN

MAINTENANCE DESIGN

MAINTENANCE DESIGN

SAFETY DESIGNSAFETY DESIGN

LOGISTICS DESIGN

LOGISTICS DESIGN

CAPABILITYCAPABILITY

DEPENDABILITYDEPENDABILITY

AVAILABILITYAVAILABILITY

COST EFFECTIVENESS

COST EFFECTIVENESS

EFFECTIVENESSEFFECTIVENESS

SCR

SYSTEM CONCEPT DEFINITION

SYSTEM REQUIREMENTS DEFINITION

SRR

SYSTEM DESIGN

SDR

SYSTEM IMPLEMENTATION

STRR ATRR SCA ORR

SYSTEM INTEGRATION & TEST

SYSTEM ACTIVATION & ACCEPTANCE

SYSTEM OPS AND SUPPORT

SCR = SYSTEM CONCEPT REVIEW

SRR = SYSTEM REQUIREMENTS REVIEW

SDR = SYSTEM DESIGN REVIEW

STRR = SYSTEM TEST READINESS REVIEW

ATRR = ACCEPTANCE TEST READINESS REVIEW

SCA = SYSTEM CONFIGURATION AUDIT

ORR = OPERATIONAL READINESS REVIEW

ILS is a disciplined, structured approach to defining and preparing support structures for a system. As such encompasses the effort of defining, developing and inplementing the following:

q Operational Support Centers

q Trainingq Line Support Capability

q Support Tools and Equipmentq Supply Support

q Dataq Facilitiesq Personnel

The today’s Systems Engineering is more dependable on software evolution for a more reliable/available Mission System Design!!

The today’s Systems Engineering is more dependable on software evolution for a more reliable/available Mission System Design!!

FROM F-4 TO F-22FROM F-4 TO F-22

IT IS IMPORTANT TO NOTE THAT THE ILS ENHANCEMENT FOR A HIGHLY

INTEGRATED SYSTEM BEGINS WITH THE START OF ITS LIFE CYCLE

IT IS IMPORTANT TO NOTE THAT THE ILS ENHANCEMENT FOR A HIGHLY

INTEGRATED SYSTEM BEGINS WITH THE START OF ITS LIFE CYCLE

METRICS ARE MEASUREMENTS COLLECTED FOR THE PURPOSE OF DETERMINING PROJECT PROCESS AND OVERALL PERFORMANCE. MANAGEMENT AND TECHNICAL ACTIVITIES REQUIRE THE USE OF THREE

BASIC TYPES OF METRICS:

q PRODUCT METRICS THAT TRACK THE DEVELOPMENT OF THE PRODUCT;

q EARNED VALUE WHICH TRACKS CONFORMANCE TO THE PLANNED SCHEDULE AND COST; AND

q MANAGEMENT PROCESS METRICS THAT TRACK MANAGEMENT ACTIVITIES.

METRICS ARE MEASUREMENTS COLLECTED FOR THE PURPOSE OF DETERMINING PROJECT PROCESS AND OVERALL PERFORMANCE. MANAGEMENT AND TECHNICAL ACTIVITIES REQUIRE THE USE OF THREE

BASIC TYPES OF METRICS:

q PRODUCT METRICS THAT TRACK THE DEVELOPMENT OF THE PRODUCT;

q EARNED VALUE WHICH TRACKS CONFORMANCE TO THE PLANNED SCHEDULE AND COST; AND

q MANAGEMENT PROCESS METRICS THAT TRACK MANAGEMENT ACTIVITIES.

BCWP= BUDGETED COST OF WORK PERFORMANCE PMB= PROJECT MGT BASELINE

ACWP= ACTUAL COST OF WORK PERFORMANCE

BCWS= BUDGETED COST OF WORK SCHEDULED

BCWP= BUDGETED COST OF WORK PERFORMANCE PMB= PROJECT MGT BASELINE

ACWP= ACTUAL COST OF WORK PERFORMANCE

BCWS= BUDGETED COST OF WORK SCHEDULED

CONCEPTUAL PHASE

DEFINITION

PHASE

ACQUISITION PHASE

FUNCTIONAL

BASELINE

( PROGRAM

REQUIREMENTS )

PRELIMINARY

DESIGN

BASELINE

DEVELOPMENT

BASELINE

DETAIL DESIGN QUALIFICATION

TESTING

PRODUCTION

BASELINE

ALLOCATED

BASELINE

( DESIGN

REQUIREMENTS)

PRODUCT

BASELINE

( PRODUCT

REQUIREMENTS )

PRODUCTION

LIFE

CYCLE

PHASE

v System Requirements Specification

v Statement of Work

v Design Criteria

v C.M. Plan

v Interface and

Subcontractor Control

v System Trade-off

Analyses

v CI Performance Specification

v Interface

Documentation

v Change Control

Initiated

v Hardware

Allocation Lists

v Specification

Trees

v Long Lead Item

Procurements

v Test Item(s)

Design Data

v Engineering Model Drawings

v Qualification Test

Plans

v Test Procedures

v Layout Drawings

v Design Review

Data

v Advanced

Material Lists

v CI Performance

Specs Approval

v Qualification Model Drawings Release

v Qualification

Test Procedures

v Updated CI

Performance

Specifications

v Initial CI

Design

Specification

v Operational System Drawing Release

v Final Test

Procedures

v CI Design

Specification

Complete

v Qualification

Test Data

CONTINUE

v Test / Production Data

v Hardware /Firmware

/ Software

Configuration Approval

v Production Units

Accepted

BASELINE EVOLUTION-PROJECT LIFE CYCLE

CONTRACTUAL BASELINES

PROJECT INTERNAL BASELINES

PMP

1.INTRODUCTORY

SECTIONS

TAILORED TO CUSTOMER REQUIREMENTSSTANDARD DOCUMENTATION

3.PM ACTIVITIES 4. PM APPROACH

5. PM PROCEDURES

AND METHODS

6. INTERFACE MANAGEMENT

2. PM ORGANIZATION

7. PM CONTROL 8. ANNEXES TO THE PLAN

PROJECT IMPLEMENTATION

PLAN

PROJECT MANAGEMENT

PLAN

S.E.MANAGEMENT

PLAN

INTEGRATEDLOGISTIC SUPPORT

PLAN

AIT&Q PLAN

PSMS DEPLOYMENT& ACTIVATION

PLAN

PROJECT IMPLEMENTATIONREQUIREMENTSSPECIFICATION

(PIRS)

PROJECTMANAGEMENTREQUIREMENTSPECIFICATION

(PMRS)

SYSTEM ENGINEERINGREQUIREMENTSPECIFICATION

(SERS)

INTEGRATEDLOGISTIC SUPPORT

REQUIREMENTSPECIFICATION

(ILS-RS)

PSMSREQUIREMENTSPECIFICATION

( PSMSRS )

PROJECT

SPECIFICATIONS

SYSTEM

SUBSYSTEM

EQUIPMENT

( PRODUCT )

TEST ENVIRONMENTAL

PRIME

EQUIPMENT

FACILITY

EQUIPMENT

IDENTIFICATION

ITEMS

REQUIREMENT

ITEMS

CRITICAL

COMPONENTS

CONTRACTOR

SPECIFICATIONS

PARTS ASSEMBLYMATERIAL PROCESS

FINISH PACKAGINGTEST

PROCEDURES

FIG. 6-7 SPECIFICATION CATEGORIES

CONCEPTUAL

PHASE

ALLOCATED

BASELINE

( Design Requirements )

DEFINITION

PHASE

ACQUISITION PHASE

Preliminary

Design

Detail

Design

Qualification

And Testing

Production

Fabrication

Life Cycle

Support

FUNCTIONAL

BASELINE

( Project

Requirements)

PRODUCT

BASELINE

( Product

Configuration )

Design

Baseline

Development

Baseline

Production

Baseline

SYSTEM

REQUIREMENTS

SPECIFICATION

( Preliminary )

GENERAL

PROJECT

SPECIFICATIONS

SYSTEM

REQUIREMENT

SPECIFICATION

(Complete)

SUBSYSTEMS

SPECIFICATIONS

CI ( PART I )

SPECIFICATION

(Preliminary)

INTERFACE

SPECIFICATIONS

(Preliminary)

Interface

Control

Drawings

PART I CI

SPECIFICATION

( Complete )

INTERFACE

SPECIFICATIONS

( Complete )

TEST

PROCEDURES

( for Eng. Qualif. )

INTERFACE

CONTROL

DOCUMENTS

PART I

PART II

CI SPECIFICATION

( Preliminary)

TEST

PROCEDURES

( QA & Production)

QUALIFICATION

DRAWINGS

INTERFACE

CONTROL

DOCUMENTS

Engineering

Test Data

HARDENED HARDENED HARDENEDHARDENED HARDENED

PART I

PART II

CI

SPECIFICATION

( Complete )

TEST

PROCEDURES

( Production)

PRODUCTION

DRAWINGS

QUALIF.

TEST DATA

PART I

PART II

CI SPECIFICATION

( Approved )

PRODUCTION TEST DATA &

CONFIGURATION VERIFICATION

RECORD

PARTS MATERIALS AND

PROCESS SPECIFICATIONS

FIG. 6-6a SPECIFICATION DEVELOPMENT AND EVOLUTION

REMEMBER THAT:

q A TOTALLY INTEGRATED AEROSPACE SYSTEM (TIAS) IS MADE OF

HW,FW,SW, PERSONNEL AND SUPPORT, OTHERWISE DOESN’T EXIST.

q THE MANAGEMENT OF THE TIAS LIFE-CYCLE IS ADMINISTRATIVE/BUSINESS

(PROGRAM MANAGEMENT), TECHNICAL (SE MANAGEMENT), AND SUPPORT (ILS MANAGEMENT).

q THE ABSENCE OF ONE OF THE ABOVE MANAGEMENT ELEMENTS IS BOUND TO INFLUENCE NEGATIVELY THE PROJECT LIFE CYCLE AND ITS COMMERCIAL

SUCCESS.

q THE ORGANIZATION OF TIAS PROJECT INTEGRATES A LARGE NUMBER OF

ENGINEERING AND NON-ENGINEERING FUNCTIONS IN A TOTALLY COORDINATED EFFORT SO AS TO ACHIEVE THE INTENDED MISSION GOALS. THEREFORE, ALL JOBS/PERSONNEL INVOLVED ARE VERY IMPORTANT FOR THE

SUCCESS OF A TIAS PROJECT!!!!

q For any further info Contact: panagiotis.xefteris@fastwebmail.it

THANK YOU FOR YOUR INVOLVEMENT IN THIS LECTURE

REMEMBER THAT:

q A TOTALLY INTEGRATED AEROSPACE SYSTEM (TIAS) IS MADE OF

HW,FW,SW, PERSONNEL AND SUPPORT, OTHERWISE DOESN’T EXIST.

q THE MANAGEMENT OF THE TIAS LIFE-CYCLE IS ADMINISTRATIVE/BUSINESS

(PROGRAM MANAGEMENT), TECHNICAL (SE MANAGEMENT), AND SUPPORT (ILS MANAGEMENT).

q THE ABSENCE OF ONE OF THE ABOVE MANAGEMENT ELEMENTS IS BOUND TO INFLUENCE NEGATIVELY THE PROJECT LIFE CYCLE AND ITS COMMERCIAL

SUCCESS.

q THE ORGANIZATION OF TIAS PROJECT INTEGRATES A LARGE NUMBER OF

ENGINEERING AND NON-ENGINEERING FUNCTIONS IN A TOTALLY COORDINATED EFFORT SO AS TO ACHIEVE THE INTENDED MISSION GOALS. THEREFORE, ALL JOBS/PERSONNEL INVOLVED ARE VERY IMPORTANT FOR THE

SUCCESS OF A TIAS PROJECT!!!!

q For any further info Contact: panagiotis.xefteris@fastwebmail.it

THANK YOU FOR YOUR INVOLVEMENT IN THIS LECTURE